Egyptian Civilizatio

nBy: Sasha Jacobson

*Group 2*

Nile RiverThe longest river in the world that

begins in theheart of Africa and is more than 4,000

mileslong.

Lower Egypt

Called the Nile Delta.

Upper Egypt

The land upstream, to the south.

Menes

A king who united Upper and Lower Egypt into asingle kingdom and created the first royaldynasty.

Dynasty

A family of rulers whose right to rule is passedon within the family.

Pharaoh

Egyptian monarch, meaning “great house” or“palace”.

Bureaucracy

An administrative organization with officials andregular procedures.

Vizier

The steward of the whole land who is directlyresponsible for the pharaoh and is in charge ofthe bureaucracy.

Mummification

Preserves the physical body after death, processof slowly drying a dead body to prevent it fromrotting.

Giza

Where the Great Pyramid of King Khufu wasconstructed.

Hyksos

People from western Asia who used horse-drawn war chariots to overwhelm the Egyptiansoldiers.

Hatshepsut

One of the first women to become pharaoh.

Akhenaten

Pharaoh Amenhotep changed his name toAkhenaten and introduced worship to Anten.

Tutankhamen

Boy-pharaoh who killed Akhenaten and restoredthe old gods.

Ramses II

Reigned from 1279 B.C to 1213 B.C.

Cleopatra VII

Pharaoh who tried to reestablish Egypt’sIndependence. She got involved with Romewhich led to her defeat and suicide.

Hieroglyphics

Earliest Egyptian writing meaning“priest carvings” or “sacredwritings”. Used bothpictures and abstract forms whichmade it very complex.

Hieratic script

Highly simplified version of hieroglyphics. Usedfor business transactions, record keeping, andthe general needs of daily life.