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1. Explain factors that influenced where people settled
• Fresh water is needed to drink• Water to bathe in prevents disease• Rivers were used as “highways” for trade
4. How did deserts play an important role in the development of Egypt?
• They formed a natural barrier to protect people living near the Nile
5. How did the Nile River provifr natural irrigation and fertilization?
• Every summer, the river overflowed and soaked the dry ground, leaving rich silt behind
6. Why did the settlements of Egypt and Kush cluster around the Nile
River?• It was a source of fresh water in an area that
was mostly desert
9. Who was the pharaoh that built the Great Pyramid at Giza and established the central authority of the pharaohs?• Khufu
10. Pharaoh Hatshepsut was famous for what?
• She demanded the same respect as a male pharaoh
• She was afraid people would challenge her authority due to her gender
• She had accomplished a great feat by becoming the first female ruler and intended to keep her position no matter the cost
• She renewed foreign trade
18. Which social group was third on the social pyramid and played a role in
burial practices?• Priests
19. Explain key points about social class in Egypt.
• Most people belonged to the social class their parents did
• All classes cherished family life• People married within their own social class. • Children were highly valued
20. What rights did women have in ancient Egypt?
• They could own land• They could run their own businesses• They could file for divorces
• Ancient Egypt was very progressive and offered more rights than other civilizations from this era.
22. Describe the embalming process
• All organs were removed EXCEPT THE HEART because it was believed its weight determined the dead person’s afterlife.
• Once the organs were removed, it took 70 days for the body to dry out using natron and salt.
23. Describe life as a scribe
• Had to memorize 700 hieroglyphics• Eventually wrote on a paper called papyrus• School was harsh—lasted from dawn to
sunset, teachers were strict, often gave beatings!
24. What was life like for artisans?
• They were underappreciated and never acknowledged for their accomplishments
• If food was scarce, they were the ones who starved (”starving artists”)
25. Describe the three seasons of ther Nile
• Flooding: lasted from June to November, Nile overran its banks and fertilized land, peasants worked on building projects
• Planting: October, farmers and their wives would sow, plow using cattle
• Harvest: March, men would cut the crops with a sickle, women and children would gather the crops
27. What are key traits of Egyptian art?
• Different mediums: canvas, papyrus, plaster, pottery, wood
• Subjects vary: history, religion, and everyday life
• Unique style: heads and legs to the side, torso is straight on
• Important people and things are larger than everything else