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EGYPT

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I

W_*R A U D W A V Y D O ? A R T M l F l T SW A S H l W P T O M r Om C .

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CONTENTS

C' Curremy Table . . . .P a p N ~ t a . .. . . .

I'I W+hu and Measurts . . . 38 1I ~ ~ d a r a n d T i m t . . . b . . - . . m 3 8 i. . . . . . . . CW~ i s t o f~ o 5nd ~ t s 39 i. . . . . . . . Elin@ rn Pronouncing Arabic qa. .I o f ~ U s e f u l W o r & a n d P ~ . 4AddicionaI Words and . . .

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YOU'RE B O W FOR EGWT for just one job: Tobeat the enemy and help bring conclusive victory for theAllied Nations. To do hat, you've got to use your brainsas well as your body.As an American soldier, you'll aIso become a sort ofAmbassador for your country. Wherever you b,peopleare go^ to judge the United States by you. They'llwatch you, and listen to you, and say: "So that's wbatthe Am erims arc like, is it?"We've got a fairly good 'reputation in the world atlarge right now. Don't spoil it. Make it bemrl

IS ALL THISIMPORTANT?You're right it is! Yourconduct can shapt up as a vital &r in wintling thilwar. So don't laugh it ofF-kause your enemy isn'tEgypt hasn't dedared war on the Axis: but she is friend11to he United Nations.Dr.Goebbels and every oned hi:aides is w o r k i i to switch that friendship.The enany wmts you to make mistakes, and so he isworking day and night, witb his propaganda. H ewtsyou aor to get along with your partners-the soldim ofour Allits who are in Egypt. ' ~ u tmost of all, he wantsyou tomake mismkes with the Egyptiah.Ht hopes that,

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perhap unwittingly, your manners will o f E d them, thatyoli'll trampk rlumgily on heir that you'll insulttheir rehgion, and that you'll make mistakes ab& theird a l mttitwb and polit id beli*Sa here's h e p u fed the Axis! b d big bookc a d y .I N O R a E l b c ~ ~ ~ f l h t h t e p 8 f ~Egypiam, yw4 te, k m w a Z& a b w t of~ u r s e . W c l l , w b d ~ a u a ~ ~ ~ ~ kit? 5 u ~t has p y ~ a m i h dpdm -nd peopleride an can&. WE'= dl seen travd movk. And theC b i l d r t n Q f I ~ i l e d ~ ~ w d g c r o a s t h e m S t ato tbe PromisedW.We h w at much faom ourBibles. But W s lxm& enough, to equip yuu as a o mman mhhn .T l~w lPdPrP b k s hweb writfw an E g p , htaomeele~~nxeU~dk~&wuntr]r.It'$toobig md tw &&P&A~ b ag knowr b o u ~ $ B p ~ d i & m t a m o f ~ h s b l & t R p r ~B o c g o ~ ~ ~ ~ $ E Y ~ g i n W A B C f Q L m , a k wo f ~ ~ g ~ ~ m a p i m e r # r p ~ d m m c o f t h ~you ewd m knaw, Ef y ~ uxefchc n n a r d amount of

cwiwity, FU Gad wst mow a b u t th land d

ISTAND FOR ANTIQUITY. Yes, Egypt's old.We've reear& of people living thm ~ o p myears ago.About gooa B.C mnquEturro swept up fmmthe Red &a.The& invaders h d d w e l o d hierug1yphicr-a typ of

1 picture writing, ~ftrschiseled in s r o l r a o d ro we havea fairly g d ecmd ~f hismry inE p twfrk h t .I The h t ingi rst Phata* rdiq abut .B.C.,WW I&ned M ~ R C S ,Icing T d - , &WE tomb was&scovered a few years agt+ came m e ,g60 years la+in case you want w how dd Egypt k The Phar-aoh of Mattsak,mentimed in tbr a&, is W h dto btMerapt& w b dd abut ra& 8.C.Thcir religiwM h e w 1 e na piaee h p t t a n ~ tw

' . preservation d Eht M y afterW,b t ,1 and hrrrce-as the saying s-&- pyramids.The@&are royd t o d s - p a n m dvm new M e . f ym'rein du Engineers, you &At spend your spre time figwling hew the old Egyptians, w i W uy A e q , an-;? ' .aged to get t b idw &GLS h d p More tire b i f $re golden d a y s afEgyptian wurld h h s b i hgw w fad6 Rame had fmS day a r warlike p v a . l%wfwt,m d underm y rulers, among&em &E Rstnana, thm the P m h qa

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the Arabs, Turks,Fm c h md Turks again, In]xguq thtBritish established a proteaorate in order to guard theSuez C a d against the Turks.Afar the war, in 19%theBrirish returned Egypt to the status of independent State,

IN Ab w GW~DWWK Eg@t must stand forBack-n shish and Barter. Bachhhh means sanething fm, a tip,r.. a gift of money, some e m ward It is probably the &stb &aKc ward you'll hear as you land in Egypt.Partly because you are a well-pid dd i e r , but morek u s e of the cardas lavishness of prewar Americanm& of the wealthy type, you will be fair target h

i: ' cries a backdhh.i1 Don't be a s u c h ! To &g c#lt aoins and watch theboys.scramblemadly is small-mwnstuff. And pul l hvca mala felIowing yau'that'tt win the rest of your day.When you h d n a b ii city, ym~mag be surmu~declir by a crowd of yaungm'ea trying tad you erotic serviecs you don't m t , or a bunth of yaungsters j u t crying wtfor "Backdi~h.~'earn ta use a muple of Arabic phrase,Simply say: "Mafish 3ackskisHI" (m*FESH ' but-SHEESH.) which simolv meam: "There is po y t

fmhmnq. ' ' A plished way to say "no" inA 6'

is: "Allah Ya'tibr' ( A H W yah-TEEK) which in gen-eral means that sirweGod is a i l - p o d withaw doubtHe will see that the suppliant is rewarded.Tkw phrases are polite but finn. Say &her or bothand keep walking. Finally yw'U'be Letalonc.The same rule holds if you find yburselt smoundcdbg "dragomen" or guides. Jwt keep on going and say:"hshi!" ( IM~h e s ) ,a ptrfectly police Arabic tquivalcnt ,of "scram'' or h t t!"). Or you ean we: ~"Uskutl"(OO$&m)-"Be quietl"H m m , f you're in Cairn on leave and wnnt to seethe sights, ge x an accredited dragoman. They congregateo p p i t t Shtphcid's H Q ~ ,utside the &a' servic~dibs,Make u n i t e a p em a t about c k g a &fwe start-ingwt.'It's th e custom.h the same when hiring P taxior engaging any such senice.Them2s.alotof ahgiving and tipping inCairo.Whenyw tip, give ra prmt of the bill, w lit& mme. Fur&S a small cob.Two s d caiso are cansideredamoresplendid &t than a larger ent ed a q d due.Tf you want s w v e n i r e n tbe b'i ahaps prim art

, . marked as in America. But, in the bazaars, you bargain.hgabhg is a national Egyptian pastimt, sport, art,, and safety valve. Thanks to American movies and tour-

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1 C . . .a short rainy season, ad if you've lived hi sur dspBf theW m you h o w w h hatmtzuro.Wartr k3&kt0WQ ~ . W dry -~ I E * Sof p p k are m a x r m d with raid& higatia ditch&*

getting wa rn ro the lad .Egypt's 12,um square d~af arable had Lir in theNile Valley and the Delta Maw a im The Lmrs areI d. Lrrns af 2 a t w downvcr 4,ompw fanilia owni ta a half acre That means a kw stan&d d iving by1 ollr view.I

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P a r l h e n t arc graduates of the Am& university at% a h .

,

FOR THE DESERT. Away from the Nile it5 drydesert, with only r few water holes, or fertile oases. Theg climate's no balmy pa dike .That desert can be pur c m y or friend. h r n rom

I the o l d - t i m e 1 . 0 ~ ta &feat i~ dust, sandst~rrns,hot- I winds. Most campaigns have been n the "winter -";f but you've got to learn to &ht in al l mwns-and do tktter than the enemy. Lam taw r v e your water supd ply, for it's the key to life in a desert cmmq like Egypt.;r

STAhW FOR EDUCATION and El h b r . In a waythey're both the same thing.In the last dam centurh of fareign ruIe the followersof Islam kept d i v e the culture a d wning ofEgypt.TheEl Azhar at Cmiro, founded gao yean before Columbusd i m e r e d America, b e tk a t f Koranic learning.Today El A z k , guided by the noted Mousmph ElMoraghi, ranks as "the oldest universiqh &c world."

About 7 , w grammar s c M s in Egypt work to aver-came illiteracy. In Cairo thcrc are x , p o university s h -$ 8

Egypt, like k y and ping thmugh r e b i d , seeks prog-ress tbrough b r d e d educational faditits, throughb k s , through Itarning. That's not a Nazi idea of pmg-rcss, but it's Egypt4P--andows, tsa

1FLORA AND P A W . Egypt is a Iand w h c ~date -is something that grows on a tree and is an importantemnornic m t . If you're interested in trees, sycamores,acacias, umari& daom palms, and wWtllowsre most eom-mon.For fruit: figs,pmcgranates,b a s , ndoranges.Farm crops sxe r k , barley, clover, sugar, gome w h a ~and--most of all-+ fine gra& of cotton for export trade.As for animals, Egypt has no4,o* or jungIcs,and so there are few wild animals. Cawda and donkeys, for transport; and *he trikmen have the hdy-boned

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h general, iht Egyptian &inksmanners are i m m t .He Bslilrcs physical mi~tact.H e will shake hands wedo, but h n ' t undtntmd a sbp on t h ~k . H e a;Em'tG Q V E W W T . In 3922 when Britain ended thc like $.Pramzwa~,Egyp B g c m a d-ratie monarchy under , A hml wprxnwdi b wingKing Fuad 1. Qis son, h g w d , now&. ' a f t r m d i c u p 3 ~ ~ & ~ w ~ ~ ~ l a sT h d s a wcchwseg m e r a h g h d ya iah d e a .Thc r e f t l s i a g t h ~ f l # t ~ ; a ~ ~ ~IW ~ Yb, w d y f i e a a d t b i P d ; ~ h * ~ ~ * W A e c l p4=r af& p ~ t i & ~ ~pmp1s 'rbc hasg r a pawet,He a p p i m mne-third t w d u p * dmm q y m m RWe,d &e rntmks Q. thg dir& the Imer Th reb t i o t a g m t b ~ p w ' l l - a z i t l a a Eg $ p .hause, and hissaethn is r e p i d or all lcgidatibn.Law d i h mm our ma. Vi&p andtribal letdm dis.peme ju&x 'm m n h i t y with law.Majar &iI and miinha1 &as c-e m t ormalt r i b ~ d . t m I ; h ~ , W - E I (m~** h c h , 4 h k p b f 3 , p%qLeaf with th m n B i d ? m h m ad mwaiggh is~~~~ hy $Lt M d e m a ~ r i t y . ~ $ b I r , ~ ~ ~ e ~ i & t ~ u d i

* More stadng. s a ~%lsrnWra JL&iMWJ5whithmeans: "InahcNamedM ~ ~ l a 4 ~ t b p k ~ osimilzr A d i c phr* &I M in wkk4It is said as

HQWiTALrn, m m a w .how to k hapi* *pip as one might q a L g m e i a r - r n rbk. ~ ~ ' s a ~ k ~ a $ & ~ ~ ~ow w rccepth ~~Is wutJry4 d7 & k r z E a m e i s n a t&dmlwlg " tmdzd m u p p e ~ c sEgyp- r t q u i 4 m d i e l a q e ~ ~ W L J & i s c h etians, m w w s are like aurwq ady a M e m md.Awaykhe titits, mmm arcmire:p a r d y J 4 . m e s d o f t b e ~ ~ ~ & w b ~ y m r n, p i e s e n t . E ~ ~ ~ ~ c e d f d l e ~ h r r w . ~

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I

quite W p PWEo inhale withmeping effect.TJGr iadi-aws p ' r e enjoying it-d Mp4 i tdl.An ~ ~ ~ ~ p ' i a t eis a6 ~lcCWle aokea of i l p ~ ~ c b -h n a Q y p ar it k hame. But we thing. Don'tmalrt~p r om i r e , a a e k~J Q y p t h t h k ~ U ' WQae , tbg t~dmtw.i . . .

~ ~ B OASJS.B ~ o ~ ~ o l i a i aut thism-~ h e dwgic s p rmg before this war broke out. The E g y p t i padiwted tbcM t r and I d 7@ J m h b bi return forland in the n c i g h h h d d SoI l~m-Whh on &a subjmt crf ItaliansqDon't think+m'tfight They can, and if thy h i heir isbeingmoekcd. It'&tm huadrcdr of & u s gf W ihave w&$ KO tk e British afcea lnxaw .the Gcr-maas left them in the l d .Right now rhc Itnlian dd i e r is pu9zlmg out a h bb:w h e t h ~t's hdw l i n i or'th&W he disyksmast. h him didikc Id.f i l h s af Miam ~ e r ctaught in the old s h a h that Britain ws "ItdfsMifriend." Millions mare itwe datives happy a d d mPtogprous in theUnritd S ~ t c hk . . .1s KHARTOUM. Axid ma* K i t r b e r aad Ki$iag.In 1d8gan Egyptiana m 7was wipedmt by the "M&diwin theSudan.A BdhB cpf@&n um hG a d Charles

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Gordon was surrounded$ Khartoum, ~ f t e ;long mis t -ance by the garriwn, the Fuzzy-wuzaia broke throughand wiped out the Mend a s .The Sudan war pcifiad and h e Mahdi's supportemm u a d d up by General Kitehener, who later took tb e titleof a h m e t of Klim~lun.Today the Sudan& m e nthe Egyptian Army. These black, smart-looking soldiersare rough &him.

LANGUAGE. llw commonm p e fEgypt is ~ 6 ; ' i .We took our sys t em of numerals from h e Arabs; but weuse thk Roman alphabet, Thus it is small chance thatyou'll learnmd in Arabiie.The spoken language, however, is nor hard, althoughit has certainmunds we du not use inOW tongue. There isa glossary in the back of tbis b k .There isno set way tos p 4 Arabic words in our alphakr. It is spokesl over avast area of the &st, and hs variant local p r o d ~ ~ ~ b .The glossary u b to give yqt rhe ''muad" of the wordsa s d i n E g y p t .Educated Egyptiam usudy s French and someEnglish. TIE d r a m e n and guida in Cairo h v e picked

b- up s i c E;~M w r * . But ~t be r g r h m .~ ~ u n' to speak a few words of Arabic. The E g p t b ~art- . p l e d when you try it. L

I . . .- LEMS AND MUEZZINS. Io other w d e W t l i & n t

It is one of the majar points in gttlk~g&LI~ i th tfKEgyptians.TheProphetMohammed wasborn inM-, in Arab*in 570 A. D.As a boy he tended shttp. AS a man, hegained wealth, and h t epelled by the idolatry andmurder end infanticide of the&,He pent muchtime in prayer about thiP in caves near Mecca. In thestcavts he was visited by she Archangel Gabriel who spokewords to him which later were writtm into the Koran-theHoly 3od~f the Moslem.Mohammed braved death to preach bis new religionofone God.After his death Islam (the Malem religion)sprcad rapidy over Asia Minor, Egypt, into Twkey,I n d i aad parm of Africa. In those lands you will see themosques (eunplc9) with their minarets or towers.The "muezzin" is the&cia1 who stands in the minaretand call^ "the faithfut" to prayer five time d d ~ t

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sum& *d &r d A . Hisn o M b u t A H a h , ~ i sy & ? l . @ a d i s g m t . k i s m

which arc open for visitem. A reputable guide '' knows which they are. But never try to r&t tke others,Dont go into any mosquek.Keep away from thema~mueh# y ~ ~ c a &Over go percent of Egyptiansare bloslem, Them is an a

, - ancientWian s e c t 4 Cuts. They numkr about 6percent of the populrtbti, but thrir influence is largerthan this indieam. But the Cagtq like +e Moslems, donet welcome the dighmr interference OF irrcvucncetheir digious custDmcR e m m k Pone sf rhe principics fur which we fight

: this war is that "every man&all have tke right to w mshipW in hisownway,"

, I S F O R ~ ~ r h e ~ ~ - m i l * r i w . U i a E h t & -blmd of Egypt. The Nile k E ~ p t .Mam was foundin th e Idnuha kick it,MOR~nd CIeoptra sailed: on it. Up throughUorya d e a have sailed up it. It iCTi-gated c h ~and and it b r e ttae traprsgolz of the p p l e ,Taday, although Egypx has d c d s for mwpq t is

, n o t e s s h ~ l o o d d t k ~ ~ u a ~ .I- . Each ycar i t o v e r k , eaving r ich degsx%itsto refar-

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.-a?-57m--- pi,-tilize the precious farm .lands. This rise and fall of theriver is regular each year. The river runs low in April.Then, fed by tropical rains in far-off Abyssinian high-h d s , it starts to rise. By the end of September at Thebes,it is 36 feet bigher.Aftcr that date it slowly subsides.The Nile, in case you're looking for omem, is a patri-otic river. In Julythe water runs red; up at the source it'scalled the White Nile: at Khartoum it's joined by theBlue Nile.

: IS THE OMAD,village head man empowered by law. ta dispense justice. On o&ial business in ang village, seek- out the Omad and pay c ~ u r t a yyll.He can simplify anyI problemsof food, bedding, billeting, etc.

In Bedouin tribes of tbe desert, the Sheik (Shakc) isthe lader.In d d i n g with Omad or Sheik, conduct y o d f withdignity. An Egyptian is much more liable to hasc his, judgment on the person than on rhc matter at hand.Generally thc'American mind says: "If .the deal addsup, the man must bc 0.K." The Egyptian mind Is moreliable to put it: "If the man is 0. K.,then the deaImustbe all right."

STANDS FOR THE PEOPLE-about 16,ooo,ooo ofthem in Egypt, and Ia,wo,m wring a living from theland. They cank divided into fom clas~es.There's the professimd or o5cial class-people withsame money. These people are cultured, are often 'West-

e m i d in custom and dress. However, they ate more

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-.my., mF.a- X M S W W N auu.LLIwUau VL .V.IY(.CI* U C CI(L~,sr ~ d e m in w w - d &n and Lb:hc kdou in in bur- and hmtkd headdms.

iokcs ofCairo. and workswith nood feedingb d ~arn. ca & a land that is "&ng places," &. In general, there-ing to&. mere are some craft hi the$du-uid unployee isnot a p w c r in the p l i t i d lifq of Egypt.Finally, there ,are the p t a s a i t t - f a m ~ r 2 , 0 0 0 , ~fthem--the "Fdlab#n." By w c s q standards &e M a TEE QATTABADEPRESSION. ThisMOW-hasn't much. His home's without eomfwt. H e cats ~ i d c area is a sort of combination of theWta bad-beyond bread, lend$ h m , onions, and very mtasional and California's Death V&y. General Alexandtrmutton at feasts,But in themain he sxems c b n k t d . ,&pression as d hitching p s t for theFinally there's the &douh-the s e m i d i c t r h - in his defense of Egypt until he rebuiltm p of th e desert. Some Bedouins have b e famm into an attacking form.but h e y arehGth animals thancrop West d the Qattara D t p m s b lies thc Libyansparse vegetation of the desert they raise Cyrcnaica OW which the war has 3nwtd. It hashcrdiig is looked on as an un&gmfud business. mofi like naval warfaretban and fighting,with theAs in m y of the world outside Am -not so mueh'tom u e r land as to b y thcing denotes dasp or prohaion. InGiro .youcamof that poPteps-the w 4 & y garkd a? in ong fighting. The Italians won thc20

r

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easy first round in Scpsember 1940,when they invadd Remember, during Ramadan,mer &I a native hd,Egypt and r a c h d Sidi Barrani. Central WaveU with asmall army kicked them 400 miles back to El Agheila inJanuary rgq1 , until mme of thekt of his few troopswere taken away and sent m helpGreece. Rommel coun-terattacked and, inish chassd Rammel ahatJanuary 1942.Rom~nelthetara arm where he stayed until the great British onslaughtin October rwz, which started the: grand Allied atrack CANAL, This is why Emt is such a vital thta-ULbon all N o d Africa. trc of war. At present we link hands wih Rush, while

Germany wd J a p are cut off frbm web ather*TbcG dr- d mashing his the great oil fields of

a month th e dehe often stays up aU nlack of deep, even t Early in h i m q tbat a -1 @ a c mbad-tempered. 87"iIe neck bemeen Africa andUia would reshape theIt is especially during the rciigious ecstasy of h d a n +ping cclmmuaicatioas of the world. In I@, N a pthat Moslem resent anything ha t smm like in- h n rdered a s~-. Hip &- Mew c o m p ~ dor d k ~ p e c trom an"unbeliever." the Red Sea was 30 feet hiher than the Malitermian.22

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Hence a and would &Ahe hieditamman and makca ~ l ~ ~ ~ E u r ~ p . S D N a p a h c a l l e d d ~ d d d .In IW ,F e r d i a d & bps umstnactcd tbe v tcad . Six p r s the Egyptim Khedive, who held

abu t balf tke s t d n the a d m p a n y , wanted todnut. Mrne Moister Disraeh who knew a barpin when6r saw me, p s u d e d Victoria that the Britishs h d d brry the s k m~ .Q,Qoo,~o. The British gaimdming -tsd d hemi,w b i dw o p ~ ,awevcr, to

Egypt, Tl teWzi&~have &d in Plrrmkq the p r m t

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The Scots regimen^ still wear their bonnets. Thebhck 'berets m a n the wearers are in the British tank corps. ' .The Australian "digger" has his douch hat. U s d y thc 'others have distinguishing b a d p on their shoulders.These aoldiers have s et names fo r each other. Just asevery Egyptian is "Georgt," every Scottish soldier is"Jock"to his friends. Every Ghurka is "Jobnnie." AnAustralian is either "Digger"or " A d a . " T h e othersare called by their shoulder b a h : "'Poland,'' or "MewZaIand,'' or "Durham," or "Koyli."In turn you will be "Yank" If you're from the kuth,you may spend how exdaining your definition of aYankee. It won't matter. Youll sdI be "Yank" and they

mean it in a friendly way,

IN ANY COUNTRY WHERE OUR TROOPS ARE 4SERVING STANDS FOR VICTORY. The 6rst step-ping stone to it lo for the soldier to ,keeph i m d m d yalert and physically fit. Keeping d e ' s health in Egypt isnota t a ~ yas a t hame. Veneteal h s t s rc bighly prcv-alcnt in & N w ast. T km * sone & t i d y mrc wagnot ro get tbem: keep away f m me aThe rountry has enough disease without mmhg this

:! ,@wn sm$c.: a . i p ~ ~ ~ a d ~ t p I q I' ~ t p p h u % . N ~ ~ ~ d y o U P ~ w i ~ & ~ Oh ' t drink canal ar .riverWPW6 itashen W.( W i n k M ~ & > ~ ~ ~ *ar i t ' s - w d d h g bI -

;' ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ o f a ~ ~ h g ,~ d a c P P i f n i a f b E w i k * ~ ~ 3 w ~ ~ d i *t'1 ~ ~ ~ & i l m- ~ w ; i m ~ w

.*Mm Withpimps-d pRamF- Jww! - " ~ i " a n d k q m - ~ ~ *, 1 .IS r v R THE WAFD. T 'Wafd, or extreme National-- ist party, Ied in the fight for wptk~ndepndmcc. It' is in power today, but now stands for cooperatian withthe United Nations against the Nazi. Rambet, how-' ever, that Egypt is not at war Prrith the Axis, and tomanyI. EgypFians we are m1dk.n who, if not intruders, are at

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;::: hast interr* t,uir mrmqt, me, - h~ :'' about who you ue,where you came fmm, hav lar'gottreatment and resp~ct ,which means avoiding any act or , there, who was with YOU; w k quipment you have. Get' k attit*& whicb will add their irritation. in the habit.4 letring the otker fellow do the talking.Thc Adantic Charter says we fig@sa that "ail p p l e s if you do happcn to 'capturd; give your mme,shall c h the farm Qf p v e r m m uader.which they b n&r, arid and,mt'sall i1 hw requireshsU Iivt" add that ''Amen &m i d traversethe stgs and .aceaos &&out h i n h c e . " B W , Russia, Chiaa, and you t i tell, no mam what Muff pus e a p r p m up.( And therdet ambue w k&p quiet, -ping a stonge+ n&mr s&wiBed ta that thmer. It's what~ ' r cightingkIad IdcPd'tk any gi3iskiag;+wbispw, amongprimes to p m p t h a d q s ;m dd tdtk.fifth dumsidf, faimbrt st "$mi& EnGermationibqteU No matter w M are ia-the wwm,take P tip- from the E&an Eghiu~.It ha* sm in for. you differem. ' thoupfdrzdp 0 f p r L

r

* -IS FOR YAWMAK- a veil w m it &re. h u tMmlm worumpwikd A d n casz ysu'qt k e n 4-ing hQw "the j m i n e a d night dr ddhd ts drebulbds sang as r vdkd hxpd tk bt-ticc," just p u t i t d b g c k in -ItModern Ca& j$ k & n g wemanciptd."Girhga tohigh h l , r s r k b the bps and score& Thy go &h m , and loak mu& k c m A a n in dress. Butthey ate maot Ammian. They are more " h m p n " inspirit-&at means strim in manners.

aa

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ArnTUALlrbPIbe a walking w~amphof

y of life that is thteat-at's why we're in thirdoes nw exist a* fat as -one but her husband is con-cernd. 541 do QOK treat any Egyptian m a n asually-and when om is veikd, that meam strict Mdem. Da not

mre at her, s p d c to her, or wen jwtk her.Act as if shewasn't there. That's exactly what the Moslem wants youto do. She h n ' t exist.

farm, or western ranch, but wherever you're fm,you'vebeen brought up under demmracy. And now y&34

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r&miilimtor p h c r coinka."GiRSH"q a "$AGE??'

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'The g& or %.piaster isamndy,a~t&E&fd'or a QGIRSHmGWEER."

WLIOHKS A110 I IEASURRIThe mat i c system of Franee h01ds in Egypt. Hq ' s aroughdistance table:

I m h t e r = m a - W u of an inc&I meter t:rm wntirnrtecs) =3g i n c h (avw a gad).i kilometer (TW mte fo ]=ab t t l m z e - ~d amile.Liquids am sold by tht litre (LEE*), which i s a littleh rp than ow qua* & d i n t is m c a s d in BritishImperial which are one-= l s r p thanow own.

CALENDAR AHD T l r EACTUALLY there arc four calendars in Egypt. TheG r q p k (the w e e w),le Jewish,the Coptie, andthe M o s l ~ .The last one i~ the ammnw you shouldkaaw sanething about.l l ~ eM&m cdeadax iis based on the m a , not thesun. Thus eaEh menth has exactly ad days. BcEause dthis, M& holidaysWt fall WL the m e ate in a a r ~reckoning. Ae she important Fast af RamadanSeptember 12 in 194% it kg& September r in 1943

(note that dare).

CHECK L l lT OF DOTS AHD POW'TI

re els+acver in front of at when Moslcms are praying, and don't stare

wer religion or women--withto a Moslem during '

anything you buy, and do it g d

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i~-SHAAIrq-LA. i'9If God wills") is used like our :Godwilling"; it is used whenever you speak of&you are going to do or is going w h a p p in the future.MA-'us-sa-LAA-ma is a common expression fw "good-bye."THESE are pronunciation hints to help you in listeningto the Arabic language records which have baen suppliedto your troop unit. They will also help you with thepronunciation of additional words and p b givenin the vocabulary Mow, which are not included inthe records.Arabic is spoken wer a great area in North A f r i i andthe Near East. 'Xhw are Borne differences between re-gions, both in pronunciation and the use of words. Thepronunciation you will hear on this set of records is thatof Cairo and the surmmding district since this pmmci-ation is considered the standard and is understoodthroughout Egypt. In ocher part.of the country you willhear slightly different pronunciations. If you should goon to other regions, where other varierics of Arabic arespoken, you will be given further information a t thattime.Don't worry about that now.There is nothing very di&ult h u t A r a b i i x q t

pyH > ; I ' - :< JJ ,a> :, 7 pI -7 7 . . , - ,-'*. T 8 . ; I >,'.: ~ & r r e ak s i m ~ l e.leskhapp:

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-

r.A~cents, You know what the accented q l lab t ,& ' 1 the owword i< of course. I t is the syllable which

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#~- l ahe- r . h t ~ ~ . l aQ ~ LP k w point-hfm F M ,

88 bc given you jn h c f e r l r , ne t milcs.I G i l o m c ~ e J o - M i W R

NuFm r- pM - 'nF i v d H d W

' number and tbcn add the d c r word.Foutieen-+h'-T&-&F in -&ms-TAA-~hwSixttm-~Ir-TAA-~hwhventw-&a-TAA-shm

. %TIS-'a Ei&tctn+-nm-TAA-shwNk tccn -4 - ' 8 -TM -shmTWtilty-'L#h-Brn

, For 'LtWEnty-an~''"tbkty-two." and oo forth, you add the simple: form of the atrmbcrs to Ih e war& for 'kwcnty'' md "thty"jwt

98 ~c mcdmcs MY "bmand Wcnq,'' thus:

47

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~ i m - ~ a ~ = y . m ~~ I C ~ MW A K L SH&UK-&t e ' A W W H A Y

~ O ~ Y O O N - n k h - Wt m W - M A H & or0003a

a d ; - U . 4 'bBkk4d-k-WIDM hand--BBDhead-RAMmouth-FVM or BOW pWa S E ERr~r - 6W-m- alFgipUFT~ - # mcrr#pldk*reye8RYN nd-RA-'a&. My-GlW n-e-na-KHIERttc&-sNAANtw-m-BA' NGL

-4-&-EEEX or FAmN rmn-0-a

, Manket-&-TdA or b t a - smb - s a -UA4m0 v e A L I a wpimu s m ~ a o O Rtablt-u-ww-s#W d - U Y - u r

iEiEhche*afrn-k'tk& ~~ Q?w a d l k H 4 A I - y ~6Mdeu4aLJb #.aaaELr n m q u i t o - a * ~ - ~ ~ ? F ~ - y g & - ~

, .m ? r ~ ~ & :*t&-ZrnR s d P k ~ d r " 4 9 4 N , .. .W - ' A R 4

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x.;, m o s q u i w - M O O Scorpb~'iQ'-ra-k.Br&-ra-CHElWf l d i b - B A A N spider-Ih pi110no.w lik-'&L 'A-Qoe SHA&

Tklrrrl-W - k & - M A Z w j farmcr- jd- tA~~RARN Idrymarm-4- WM- gcc bartred-ww ai-ZAl-yh rne~hnoie-tlr*~a-rni~cc I - Ib ~ a c k s m i t k A d - D R A D rmnt-&?-D&IW. '-b u t c h e r - ~ + Z l l A R *baemakt-gag-MM-& COOk 4 d - B A A W tailor-kh&YAHT .doctor-#-BEEB , hwwllllle

q r &-TBi-#&?btk-bi-ZAAMboots or sbs-Gd2-magl0~tz-G WAN-iceb a t - b m - t ajackm+-KET-tam k ~ u - m V A I f j ~ ~~ v ~ c - - B r t L - w -w t - j k w aedl-yib & M ~ G ~ A I -I I - a - G H E E Rb P H U S N K W A l - 3 yl a w - 4 1big+;-BEER long or t?-wEEL b, A @2 Y #64

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abp16-PQK crr ' A l in h t - * @ D A A Mqdn-TM-aac &a-'ALa h ; ante *-MAAN I i k e Z d iW d - W A a m ' # - R E E Bbuhrw-TdHT d L W d ' - K Cbcsi4mtr aot y e w s *tmu&+i-FRd-w ~ ~ c K ~ # - N A K--'Em mgcth4UA' M'Dkrc-HI*aa w ~ F A Y Nhmadiady or won-'A-laTOOL or H A A b or 'a- -WAAM

tkm-W h re i s *y?- -~~ -111- ma d&yd hc wEdrHAR-da XM h 4 f d H * d H R ? HMda 'AYPm#

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