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eGovernment and the CitizeneGovernment and the CitizenA New Perspective
Current Situation in Ibero-AmericaDigital Cities Map.
Prepared by Jose L. BarlettaShangai , China, 14th. June 2002
Explore Digital Cities initiatives in “Latin-America”.
Consider “New Paradigms” that affect our lives
Discuss the “Citizen ” perspective
Assess the “Status” of the technologies
Introduce the “Digital Cities Map”.
Aim of the Presentation
IntroductionIntroduction
Cities and CitizenCities and Citizen
LatinLatin--America Current SituationAmerica Current Situation
eCity eCity –– eGovernment eGovernment -- eLifeeLife
Different ModelsDifferent Models
A Methodology A Methodology –– A mapA map
Major TopicsMajor Topics
Cities through the timeCities through the time
Information Society Information Society and the Citizenand the CitizenHenoc Henoc -- 4.400 b.C.4.400 b.C.
Menfis 4.300 b.CMenfis 4.300 b.CUr Ur -- 3.500 b.C.3.500 b.C.
Jericó 3500 b.C.Jericó 3500 b.C.Polis State CityPolis State CityGreek StatesGreek States
Central Cities
Technopolis
Sub-Urban Communities eVillage
SmartCity
eGovernmenteLIFE
1940 1950-1960 1970-1980 1990-2000 2001-2010
Urban Development
Information Society and CitizensInformation Society and Citizens
Modern Cities
Old Cities
1900
First Cities
3500 bC
700 aC
Digital Cities: EvolutionDigital Cities: Evolution
GIIINTELLIGENT
CITYSMART
CITY
INTELLIGENTISLAND
CYBER CITY
TELE CITY
DIGITAL CITY INTERNET
NII
INTRANET
EXTRANET
ECII
JIIMII
eGovernment
eLocalGov
The New Digital WorldThe New Digital World
DifferentModels
(Platforms)
DifferentModels
(Platforms)National ProjectsNII, LAII, ECII, etcNational ProjectsNII, LAII, ECII, etc
Digital and Smart Cities
Digital and Smart Cities
¿What is a Digital City?¿What is a Digital City?
eLife eGovernment
Towards the Information SocietyA new network Generation
Digital CitiesAnd Citizens
Topics to DiscussTopics to Discuss
Direction Of The City
Innovation of the City
Operation of the City
Resources Administration
The Challenge The Challenge -- 20022002--20052005
and its impact on: Telecommunications ---
The Citizens---
Homes and Offices ---
The Government ---
Markets ---
Services ---
Convergence of Technologies
Fixed Fixed MobileMobile
Static Static DynamicDynamic
Local Local GlobalGlobal
Open TVOpen TV CATVCATV
Individual ServicesIndividual Services FSN (Full Ser. Net.)FSN (Full Ser. Net.)
DialDial--upup DSL/Cable/BFWDSL/Cable/BFW
Broadcast Broadcast AccessAccess
Closed System Closed System Open SystemOpen System
Traditional Telephony Traditional Telephony Telephony IP Telephony IP -- CableCable
Passive Users Passive Users Active Users Active Users
Convergence of Technologies
Traditional Commerce Traditional Commerce
SectorialSectorial UniversalUniversal
Few access TechnologiesFew access Technologies Several TechnologiesSeveral Technologies
Monopolies Monopolies LiberalizationLiberalization
High Access CostHigh Access Cost Free AccessFree Access
Real Kiosks Real Kiosks Virtual Kiosks Virtual Kiosks
CableCable WirelessWireless
NewsNews eNewseNews
LifeLife eLife eLife
Traditional SocietyTraditional Society Information Society Information Society
Convergence of Technologies
MultiServiceOperators
Multimedia
IT
Services
Products
Hardware Software Content50 60 70 80 90 2000
Computer
Science
Electronic
Telecommunications
Mainframe Mini PC Networks WWW - Internet
Traditional Government eGovernment
Traditional Society Information SocietyTraditional Citizen Connected Citizen
Broadcasting Access
Source: Barnews Research Group
Mobile Telephony
Convergence of Services
EnhancedCopper Fiber
FITLFTTHFTTCHFC
xDSLISDN
MMDSLMDSMVDSWLL
3G
DBSDTH
VSAT
Source: The Strategis Group, Inc.
CableWireline
SatelliteTerrestrial Wireless
Fixed
Access Alternatives to eGov Models
Mobile
eGovernment Current Situation
Political Transformation
Greater Transparency
in planning and transactions is making markets and institutions work better
is being redefined by the creative use of two–way communications
The today’s technological transformations can be reflected in:
eGovernment Current Situation
Caribbean: 112 ( 25% of the Market)
Colombia: 159 (65% of the Market)
Venezuela: 385 (59% of the market)
Brazil: 1,458 (49% of the Market)
Argentina: 3,656 (70% of the Market)
Chile: 656 (80% of the Market)
Central-America: 156(up to 48% of the Market)
Mexico: 1,364 (52% of the Market)
Bolivia: 19 (35% of the Market)
Thousands of HouseholdsTotal = 15.1 million wired households
USA and Canada: 7 million households
Federal level websites presents basic and application support services. Information requests, search engines and payments of personal documents are available
Many states have small informative websites for their municipalities. Information regarding tourism, lodging, and geographical data isdisplayed
Web hosting providers, designer and developers have local presence. Few have national presence
The five countries have federal portals. Only Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico have services of transact level in the maturity website scale
eGovernment Current Situation
The eGovernmenteGovernment programs in the region are recently starting.
The maturity of sites is in the lower levelsof the scale:
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Brazil
México
Argentina
Chile
Internet penetration in upper and middle class vs Internet penetration in overall population
Source: Martin Hilbert, ECLAC, based on ITU, BCG, 1999; eMarketer, 2001.
Internet Users Total % of population (14 years+)Internet Users as a % of Top 15% of Population (14years+)
The Digital Gap
Source: Martin Hilbert, ECLAC, based on ITU, BCG, 1999; eMarketer, 2001.
81.6
57.1
68.6
68.9
12.3
8.6
10.3
10.3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Brazil
Mexico
Argentina
Total Latin America
Internet User Total, % of population (14 years+)Internet User as a % of Top 15% of Population (14years+)
Estimate 2004
The Digital Gap
Internet penetration and GNI per Capita
UK
COLIndia
TURDOM
Norway
USA
Ireland
ARG
Estonia
CanadaHongkong
SwedenDenmark
Portugal
Spain
Slovenia
URUPoland
Hungrary
Netherlands
Japan
Switzerland
France
VEN
CHICZECH
MEX
BRA
Singapore
Italy
MAL
Germany
Slovakia
RUS
China PER
Greece
-5.0
5.0
15.0
25.0
35.0
45.0
55.0
65.0
75.0
85.0
05000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000
GNI per capita
Use
r per
Cap
ita
Source: Martin Hilbert, ECLAC, 2001; based on Worldbank 2001, Netsizer, 2001
agencies become more productive by allowing each employee to focus on mission critical activities,mission critical activities, and permit routine inquires to be handled electronically, besides eGovernment can improve the image government entities in the eyes of citizen and businesses.
Defining a eGovernment Strategy
Business
Government
Citizen
Main advantages to take into consideration
include convenience, improved quality of costumer service, and access to more, higher quality information.
have the possibility to include lower cost of doing business and increased access to information
• Intelligent Transportation
• Traffic Flows
• Drivers License Registration
Administration Health Human Services
Public Safety Courts/Criminal Justice Transportation
• Electronic Procurement• Tax Filing• Permitting• ERPs
• Telemedicine
• Teleradiology
• Claims Processing
• Handgun Registries
• Crime Statistics
• Most Wanted Lists
• CJIS
• Video Arrangement
• Ticket Adjudication
Infrastructure• Government Intranet (Content Management / Web Templates / Index / Taxonomy)
• Application Support
• Basic Services MCS support for planning and assessment, training
• Job Searching• Integrated Case Management• Integrated Service Delivery
Dom
ain
driv
enT
ech.
dri
veneGovernmet Solution AreaseGovernmet Solution Areas
Key Elements
The The CitizenCitizen
TechnologyTechnologyStandardsStandards
ProductsProducts
The MarketThe Market
RegulationsRegulations
ServicesServicesProvidersProviders
ForecastingForecasting
OpportunitiesOpportunities
gCentral environmentgCentral environment
A Methodology A Methodology
One way to determine the level of developmentOne way to determine the level of development
1. Internet Access
2. Infrastructure
3. Telephony Penetration
4. Network Quality
5. Hardware and Software
6. Technical Support
1. Education – online
2. Teachers PC - Internet
3. Training in TIC
1. Citizen and Gov. online
2. Local Content
3. TICs Working Environment
4. Entertainment
5. Opportunities
6. B2B and B2C
Policies -- TIC
1. Level of Citizen Access
2. eGovernment - local_Government
3. Regulations
Network Access eLife
TICs --- Education eGovernment and Enterprises
Policy
Defining the LevelDefining the Level
How to reach a good level ?How to reach a good level ?
A Practical ApproachA Practical Approach
Level of DevelopmentLevel of Development
More relevant modelsMore relevant models
More relevant modelsMore relevant models
@@@
The NeighborhoodThe Neighborhood
Crisis of trust in government -- especially youths
Reconnect people with governmentReconnect people with government
Lack of transparency & accountability inside/out
Open up government to self & public
Lack of consultation in decision making
Bring people into govBring people into gov’’t t -- feedback & interactionfeedback & interaction
Processes do not reflect digital economy
State/National Competitiveness
Why eGovernment? Why eGovernment?
Source: The Council for Excellence in GovernmentThe Council for Excellence in Government
13%
21%
23%
36%
General public selecting each as the most important potential benefit from e-government.
Government more accountable to citizens
Greater public accessto information
More efficient/cost-effective government
More convenientgovernment services
Gov’tofficials
Most Important Benefits Most Important Benefits
Source: The Council for Excellence in GovernmentThe Council for Excellence in Government
19%
34%
17%
23%
56%
11%
76%
3%
92%
0%
E-gov't will have positive effect
E-gov't will have negative effect
General Public Institutional Customers
All Groups Foresee Positive effect
Gov’t Officials
In Government Service Delivery – Some Savings by Cohen, S. and Eimicke, W.
$7.74——$3.48$0.11$4.15Counter
Total UnitCost
Credit Card
DevelopmentCost
OverheadDirectMaterials
Direct Labor
Type ofTransaction
$3.62$1.32$0.85$0.40$0.53$0.52Internet
Interacting with citizens through gCentralgCentral will enable different levels of government to save between 15% and 100%15% and 100% on each interaction with citizens
The Use of InternetThe Use of Internet
Current Situation
Factors Factors Factors Factors Factors Factors Factors Factors Of SuccessOf SuccessOf SuccessOf SuccessOf SuccessOf SuccessOf SuccessOf Success
F.o.SF.o.SF.o.SF.o.SF.o.SF.o.SF.o.SF.o.S
Equipment/Technology
Defining the Defining the Citizen LevelLevel
A Reference FrameworkA Reference FrameworkA Reference FrameworkA Reference Framework
BarriersStimulus
Equipment/TechnologyEquipment/TechnologyEquipment/TechnologyEquipment/Technology
Digital Cash
Internet/Intranet/Extranet
Cable Modem
Portals - Vortals
Online News
Wireless
Bluetooth
eGovernment
eLGovernment
Information Society
Dial-up/ISDN/sDSL
NIU- CAP- ATM
Set Top Box
CATV - Telcos
Digital Cities
Smart CitieseLife
The Citizen and the New Environment
myHealthmyHealth
myCalendarmyCalendar myContactsmyContacts
myInboxmyInbox
myWalletmyWallet
myMusicmyMusic
myNotificationsmyNotifications
myDocumentsmyDocuments
myAddressmyAddress
myTAXesmyTAXes
myPollsmyPolls
The Citizen and the New Environment
Stimulus
Factors of Success
Access Market - Globalization
TIC’sTIC’s Penetration Penetration –– Social ImpactSocial Impact
Products for the Users - Adaptation
Interactivity – B2B - B2C- Comparison
Simple procedures - Accesability
New Technologies - Service Quality
Prices of Telecommunication Services
Lack of Regulation Framework
Lack of Broadband
Security
Cultural Factors - Resistence to changes
Costs of distribution
Factors of Success
Barriers
20052005
Factors of Success
A formula to think about
20022002
CC Content Content CC ConnectivityConnectivityCC Commerce Commerce CC CommunityCommunityCC CostCostCC CitizenCitizenCC CompetitorsCompetitorsC ConvergenceC Convergence
2004
2001
AA AssociationsAssociationsAA ApplicationsApplicationsAA AdvertisingAdvertisingBB BroadbandBroadband
BB BrandBrandEE EquipmentEquipmentEE eLifeeLifeEE EntertainmentEntertainmentDD DemandDemand
TT TechnologiesTechnologiesPP ProductsProductsPP ProtocolsProtocolsPP ProvidersProvidersPP Price Price RR RegulationsRegulations
OO OpportunitiesOpportunities
M MarketM Mobile
FF FrequenciesFrequenciesFF ForecastForecast
UU UserUserSS ServicesServices
Factors of Success
