Effie Mitchell Gray's travels #1

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    ARTAMOUNT, Inc.

    New York, N. Y.

    Copyright 1936

    *fi*:.

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    M Y T R I P A B R O A DC O N T E N T S

    WHEN YOU GO TO EUROPE

    PREPARATIONS Page PASSP RTSBaggage 4 Any resident of the United States and Canada who plans or in-Passports 3 tends to travel throughout Europe or any country of Europe, mustTransportation of Automobile to Europe .4, 5 be in possession of a passport issued by the country of which he isVises 3 a citizen.

    SH ffi ARD R UT1NE 5 HOW T0 SECURE PASSPORTDeck Chairs and Deck Sports 5, 6, 7 When applying for a passport or passports , the applicant must beDining Room Reservat ionsand Meals at Sea 5 in possession of the following:'a birth certificate', 'two photo-Public Rooms .. 7 t graphs, 3 inches by 3 inches', 'affidavit of birthplace, sworn to be-Religious Services 6 fore a notary and a | ist o the countr i es tne applicant proposesS afeb .e P'9 5 fo vst;oeasickness 6Tipping 5, 6 A group photograph should be used when a wife, or wife and

    MARITIME LIFE children are included in the one application. It is necessary for allR,UOV5 || |2 children 2 1 years of age and over to have separate passports.Distances at Sea 12 Applications for passports should be filed three or four weeksFlags 10 previous to sailing date and should name the ship and date ofForetelling the Weather by Barometer 1 3 departure.

    SS- 5 WHERE T0 SECURE PASSPORTNautical Miles or Knots - 10 Passport applications can be secured from a U. S. PassportNautical Vocabulary 8, 9 Agency which have offices in the following large cities:- Boston, NewRegulations ot the Sea and Sea C imate II, \ _. , M v i r r j /~L-C L - u/ u Orleans, New York, San Francisco and Chicago.Ships Watches 10Sound Signals for Fog 1 2 If you do not reside in any of the above mentioned cities youTime on Board Ship 9, 10 can go to the clerk of any United States District Court or StateVisibility at Sea 10 Court authorized by law to naturalize aliens.Winds and Waves - II. 1 3 ,

    CONTINENTAL INFORMATION VISES

    Air Travel Abroad ... 17 ., . , ,C W R t 14 15 vou ""end visiting foreign countries, most countries requireConsulates 18 , 19 ^ a * travelers' shall have their passports stamped or vised by theDifference in Time 14 consuls that represent the countries to be visited. It is best toEuropean Hotels and Telegraph Code fo r Hotels 16, 17 obtain the necessary vises before sailing and which are usuallygoodMail Time from New York 15 for one year or for the definite period specified, and after that,Motor Travel ' 6 must be renewed.Railways of Europe and Train TravelAbroad - 15 , 17 , 1 8 when p | ans gre indeinte !t is a a v ; sa b| e to obtain vises ab road

    ADDITIONAL INFORMATION as required. The American t raveler will find that he must payAutographs 30, 31 , 3/ $10. , for the privilege of visiting certain foreign countries, since theCustoms Regulat ions ...; ...- "",0 American government charges$10. , for the vises to the passport ofInteresting Notes -28, 29 g fore vst| fhs countItinerary - _ 24, 25, 26,2/Social Events on B o a r d 22 , 23 Transit vises which ar e merely fo r crossing a country without stayTh e Log En Route and Returning - 20, 2 1 ar e less costly, frequently being no more than $1.00.

    2 3

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    C U S T O M S R E G U L AT IO N S

    Upon entering any European country travele rs are required topresent their bag gage or luggage for e xamination by customs' of-ficials. All examinations are usually made at the pier or dock upondisembarkation.

    Heavy baggage can be sent on to the capital cities of any coun-tries for examination provided that is the tourist's destination.

    The customs examination in most countries of Europe are informalan d always courteous to tourists. It is best theref ore, if you haveany dutiable items in your baggage to be perfectly candid in yourdeclarations.

    The importation of merchandise in baggage is strictly forbidden.

    However, in some countries there is an allowance for cigars andtobacco.

    Residents returning to the United States from abroad are per-mitted to bring in $100., worth of articles in the nature of personalhousehold effects, souvenirs or curios, certain articles of which arefree from duty, such as antiques over 100 years old and originalworks of art. If your foreign purchases exclusive of these free ar-ticles, amount to $100., the assessed duty must be paid in eithercash or certified checks.

    BAGGAGE

    All heavy baggage and trunks should be delivered at the pier atleast 24 hours before sailing.

    Labels can be obtained from the steamship company and shouldbe pasted on all baggage.

    Baggage that you desire to get at on board ship should be la-beled "Wanted", and it will be held in the ship's baggage roomand can be obtained at all times during the voyage.

    Baggage not wanted should be labeled "Hold", which goes belowand put off at point of destination.

    Your hand baggage and steamer trunk will, of course, be sent toyour stateroom.

    BAGGAGE ALLOWANCE

    Baggage al lowance on Atlantic steamers is 20 cubic feet, Pacificsteamers350 Ibs., West Indies and South American steamers about250 Ibs.

    TRANSPORTATION OF AUTOMOBILES TO EUROPE

    Tourists can make arrangements to take their automobile withthem, if so desired, by simply obtaining through the steamship com-

    pany or your own automobile club an international customs pass andan international license number good anywhere in Europe and Great

    Britain. The cost of licenses and passes is governed by the weightand cost of the car and which generally costs the driver about $50.There is a $5., charge for each additional driver.

    SHIP BOARD ROUTINE

    Deck Chairs:-On deck you will find your deck chair with your name written on

    a card in a holder on the back of the chair waiting for you.Steamer Rugs:-

    You can rent a steamer rug through the deck steward who willassist you to wrap up comfortably and who takes care of your rugat night, folding it and keeping it dry for the next day.

    Bath:-You should arrange with your cabin steward or stewardess for

    the hours when you may have the use of the bath, 'that is, if thereis not a private bath room in your cabin suite. 1

    SAFEKEEPING

    Among the first things to do on board ship is to give in care ofthe purser jewelry, valuable documents and excess money not neededduring the ship's voyage, so that they may be put in the ship's safeas all ship companies assume no responsibility for thefts or loss ofan y valuables.

    There is no charge for this service.

    DINING ROOM RESERVATIONS

    A seat will be reserved for you in the dining room by the chief

    steward.MEALS AT SEA

    Meals at sea are always served at regular hours and usually allowabout two hours for breakfast, one hour for lunch and one and one-half hours for dinner.

    Th e usual service is generally table d'hote but if special dishes aredesired arrangements can be made with the chief steward.

    If you desire your meal to be served in your cabin this should beordered through your cabin steward or stewardess.

    TIPPING

    Tipping is not compulsory however, most usual, and generally dis-pursed at the end of the voyage.

    The general fees are about $5., each to the cabin and tablesteward

    andabout

    $3., each to the deck , smokingroom, lounge

    andbath steward. The same fee should be given to the cabin steward-ess if there are women in the party.

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    LIGHTHOUSES AND LIGHTSHIPS

    The first light to be seen by ships nearing Liverpool is the Fastnetlight on the Irish coast; by ships bound to the English Channel, thaton Bishop's Rock, off the Scilly Isles. At th e most southerly point ofEngland is the Lizard. The famed Eddystone Lighthouse is offPlymouth and the lights en route to Cherbourg are the first Cas-quets and then the Cap la Hague. The entrance to Thames andLondon have the lightships of the Goodwin Sands and the light-house on the North Foreland to guard their entrances. In the Medi-ter ranean a light is on Europa point at Gibraltar. Entering NewYork the lightships are at Nantuck et Shoals, at Fire Island and thereis the Ambrose Channel Lightship, 23 miles from New York.

    NAUTICAL VOCABULARY

    Abaft Toward the stern.Abeam Directly off to the side.Above Upstairs.Aft Toward the stern or rear of the ship.

    Ballast Weights used to keep the ship from becomingtop heavy.

    Beam Greatest width of a vessel.Bilge The flat part of a ship's bottom.Bow Front or forepart of the ship.Bridge A platform built across a ship's deck.Bulkhead Water tight partition.Bunker Section used for the storage of fuel.

    Cable A chain or rope.

    Capstan A windlass for drawing the cable.Chart A map of the ocean.Companionway Stairway.Crow's Nest A barrel or box on the ship's forem ast w h e r e the

    lookout is stationed.

    Deadlight

    DeckDogDraftDrift Current

    Ebb Tide

    FathomFlood TideForward

    Galley

    Covering for a porthole, gene rally used in severeweather.FloorA bent metal fitting used to close doors.Depth of water required to float ship.Movement of the surface of the sea.

    Th e falling tide.

    Six feet in length.Rsing tide.Towards the bow.

    Kitchen.

    Glory Hole

    HatchHalyardsHeave-toHoldHull

    KeelKnot

    LatitudeLeewardLongitude

    MidshipMooring

    PortPorthole

    ScrewSextantSoundingStarboardStern

    Tender

    Weatherside

    1 Bell2 Bells345g78123456

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    NAUTICAL VOCABULARY

    Stewards' Headquarters.

    An opening in the deck.Ropes for hoisting flags or sails.To slow down or stop a ship.Interior of the ship below passenger decks.Th e body of a ship.

    Lowest timber or steel section of the ship.A nautical mle.

    Distance north or south of the equator.Th e side away from the room.Distance east or west of the meridian.

    Toward the middle of the ship.To anchor.

    Left side of a ship when lookng forward.A window in a cabin.

    The ship's propeller.Instrument for measuring ship's position by the sun.Finding the depth of the sea in fathoms.Rght hand side of the ship looking toward the bow.Rear end of the ship.

    A small steamer used for meeting ships in port,for transferring or putting passengers ashore.

    Side of the ship to the wind, windward.

    TIME ON BOARD SHIP

    8:30 A.M. 1 Bell 4:30 P.M.9:00 2 Bells 5:009:30 ' 3 " 5:30

    .. ..10:00 ' 4 " 6:00 "

    .. ..10:30 ' 5 " 6:30 "

    .. .11:00 ' 6 " 7:00.11:30 ' 7 " 7:30 "

    . .12:00 Noon 8 " .... 8:00.12:30 P.M. 1 " ... 8:30 "

    1:00 " 2 " .. 9:00 ". 1:30 " 3 " . 9:30 "

    2:00 " 4 " . . 10:00 "2:30 " 5 " 10:303:00 " 6 " 11:00 "

    3:30 " 7 " 11:30 "... 4:00 " 8 " . ....12:00 Md.

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    TIME ON BOARD SHIP

    1 Be2 B e3 '4 '5 '6 '7 '8 '

    1

    Is ...12:30 A.M.1:00 "1 :30 "2:002:303:003:30

    ... 4:00

    1 B e2 B e345678

    1 4:30U s .. ... 5:00

    . 5:30

    . 6:00

    . 6:30

    . 7:00

    . 7:308:00

    SHIPS WATCHESTime at sea is counted inwatches of four hours each, and two of

    tw o hours, in order to alternate thewatches, arranged as follows:FIRST WATCH ... 8:00 P.M. to 1 2 MidniteMIDDLEWATCH 12:00 Midnite to 4:00 A.M.MORNING WATCH .4:00 A.M. to 8 A.M.FORENOON WATCH 8:00 A.M. to 1 2 NoonAFTERNOONWATCH 1 2 Noon to 4:00 P.M.DOG WATCHES

    1st 4:00 P.M. to 6 P.M.2nd 6:00 P.M. to 8 P.M.

    NAUTICAL MILES OR KNOTS

    A nautical mile as dete rmined by the U. S. coas tsurvey is 6090.27feet , whereas a land mile is 5280 fee t or i760 yards.

    THE FLAGS

    Many of the newocean going passengers are general ly interested

    in the flyingcolors of ships passed at sea. The nat ional emblemof a vessel is flown at the stern andwhen this ship is under way theflag is generally carried at the gaff , which protrudes from the mainmast. Th e house flag of the company opera t ing th e ship is gen-erally at the top of the mainmast , while on the forem ast is theensign of the country to which the ship is enroute.

    VISIBILITY AT SEAElevation

    F e e tI

    510204050

    100500

    1000

    Miles Visible1 3 12.504.235.528.379.35

    1 2 1 2

    30.0034.12

    10

    WINDS

    On shipboard the t raveler will find that winds are described asfol lows:-

    Velocity Miles Per Hour

    Light Wind 7 milesLight BreezeGentle BreezeModerate BreezeFresh BreezeStrong BreezeModerate GaleFresh GaleStrong GaleWhole GaleStormHurricane

    II

    16202530354550607080

    REGULATIONS OF THE SEA

    All street t raff ic is regulated by law. Each nation prescribes thelaws within i ts own waters an d the re are international rules for theocean.

    Machine propelledvessels must give way to sailing vessels an dsailing vessels , in a favorab le positionwith regard to the winds,must give way to those less favored and if one vessel is overtakinganother it is the rule of the overtakingvessel to keep clear.

    Every vessel at night carr ies a system of lights to tell its position,size and motion. General ly on the port side a red light is s e e n _andon the right side a green light. On the masts white and red lights

    are arrange d, dist inguishing the type andsize of the ship and thedirection in which It is sailing. There mus t be a visibilty of twomiles of the port an d starboard lights.

    BUOYS

    Buoys ar e valuable aids but not always dependab le . Heavyseas ,ice or collisions may drag them out of position orcause them todisappear.

    Buoys have different colorinas so as to differentiate th e spec ia lpurpose for which they are em ployed.

    Buoys are known by the following names:- spar buoys, nun buoys,ca n buoys, bell buoys, whist l ingbuoys and gas buoys.

    Th e fol lowing orderis observed in coloring an d numbering t hemalong th e coasts , bays, harbors, sounds and channels.

    In nearing th e channel from seaward, re d buoys with even num-bers are pas sed on the starboard side an d black buoys with oddnumbers are passed on the port side.

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    Those painted red and black in horizontal stripes are placed onobstructions with channel ways on either side of them and may alsobe passed on either side on coming in. Those painted with blackand white vertical lines are placed in mid-channel and must bepassed closely to avoid danger.

    Buoys with balls, cages, etc., mark turning points, the color andnumber of the buoy indicating on which side it shall be passed.

    SOUND SIGNALS FOR FOG

    During foggy weather ships blow a long blast on the whistle atfrequent intervals. Anchored ships ring a bell for five seconds ev-

    eryminute. Modern liners

    haveother

    meansof guiding

    themselvesin the fog such as, submarine listening devices, radio directionfinders, engine room telegraph systems.

    Starting, stopping and backing signals from the Bridge to theEngineer:-

    Ahead slow.

    Full speed.

    When working slow ahead means stop.

    When stopped means slow astern.When working slow astern means full speedastern.

    Means from full speed ahead to full speedastern.

    Means from full speed astern to full speedahead.

    SEA CLIMATE

    To describe the condition of the sea the following nautical sym-bols are used:-

    B B r o k e n , irregular LLong rollingC Choppy, crossed M Moderate swell& Ground swell R RoughH Heavy sea T Tide rips

    S Smooth

    DISTANCES AT SEA

    On a clear day the hull of a passing liner can be seen about 15naut ical miles away and the top masts even farther.

    12

    Bells1

    Jingle1

    2

    Jingle

    4 and

    3 and

    a jingle

    a jingle

    WAVES

    There is always discussion and speculation of the height andvelocity of ocean waves. The maximum height of ocean waves sel-dom go above forty feet which is comparably an ordinary smallhill for the generally exaggerated mountainous wave often described.

    LOG

    The log is generally attached by a small cord to the railing of aship, trailing astern in the water registering the actual distance atthe end of the trip.

    FORETELLING THE WE ATHER BY BAROMETER

    A Rising Barometer:-A rapid rise indicates unsettled weather.

    A gradual rise indicates settled weather.A rise with dry air and cold increasing in summer indicates wind

    from the no rthward; and if rain has fallen, better weather may beexpected.

    A rise with moist air and a low temperature indicates wind andrain from the northward.

    A rise with southerly winds indicates fine weather.

    A Steady Barometer:-

    With dry air and seasonable temperature indicates a continuanceof very fine weather.

    A Falling Barometer:-

    A rapid fall indicates stormy weather.A rapid fall with westerly wind indicates stormy weather from

    the northward.A fall with a northerly wind indicates storm, with rain and hail in

    summer, and snow in winter.A fall with increased moisture in the air, end heat increasing, in-

    dicates wind and rain from the southward.A fall with dry air and cold increasing in winter indicates snow.A fall after very calm and warm weather indictes rain with squally

    weather.The barometer rises for northerly winds, including from northwest

    by north to the eastward for dry, or less wet weather, for less wind,or for more than one of these changes , except on a few occasions,when rain, hail, or snow comes from the northward with strong wind.

    The barometer falls for southerly wind, including from southeastby south to the westward, for wet weather, for stronger wind or for

    more than one of these changes , except on a few occasions, whenmoderate wind, with rain or snow comes from the northward.

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