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Teaching Geology
Catherine C. AbonNational Institute of Geological Sciences
UP-Diliman
Responsibilities of a teacher
The best teacher is the one who suggests rather than dogmatizes, and inspires his listener with the wish to teach himself.
~Edward Bulwer-Lytton
Organizing a topic
Regardless of the method, the topic should be properly organized.
http://www.dynamicflight.com/avcfibook/methods/
1. Introduction
• The main part of the lesson• develops the subject matter in a
manner that helps the students achieve the desired learning outcomes
• E.g. simple to complex, known to unknown, past to present
Organizing a topic2. Development
Organizing a topic
• review and wrap-up of ideas reinforces student learning and improves the retention of what has been learned
3. Conclusion
Methods of Teaching
• Lecture• Cooperative or Group Learning• Guided Discussion• Demonstration-Performance• Computer-based Training
Geology as a course
• Important in understanding Earth’s history and processes
• Know what are the resources that can be obtained from the earth
1.the relevance of time
2. the issue of scale
3. the complexity of replicating natural systems and phenomena in the laboratory
GEOLOGY AS A DISCIPLINE
Some topics in Geology and how they are taught
• Through lectures and discussion using powerpoint
E.g. Basic concepts in the history of Geology 1. Uniformitarianism 2. Catastrophism
Some topics in Geology and how they are taught
E.g. Branches of Geology
• Through guided discussion
Historical Geology
Paleontology
Stratigraphy
Geochronology
Physical Geology
Volcanology, Seismology
Environmental Geology, Engineering Geology
Mining Geology, Petroleum Geology
Mineralogy, Petrology
Geomorphology
Geophysics, Geochemistry, Planetary Geology
Some topics in Geology and how they are taught
• By using colorful pictures, actual samples and demonstrations
• E.g. Minerals/Rocks
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF
MINERALS
ColorColor
caused by the absorption, or lack of absorption, of various wavelengths of light
malachite fluorite
Streak- the color of a mineral in powdered form
the shapes and aggregates that a certain mineral is likely to form
fibrous acicular platy
Crystal Habit
the tendency of a mineral to break in particular directions due to zones of weakness in the crystal structure
Fractures or irregular breakages occur when bond strengths in a crystal structure is equal in all directions.
cleavage in 3 directions
cleavage in 3 directions conchoidal
fractureconchoidal
fracture
Cleavage
the ability of minerals to reflect light
metallicmetallic
non-metallicnon-metallicglassyglassy
earthyearthy
Luster
Some topics in Geology and how they are taught
• Use of Illustrations and motion films
• E.g. Plate Tectonics theory- The unifying theory of geology- All geological features and processes
are related
PANGAEA
GondwanalandLaurasia
See how it works!
Evidence for Continental DriftJigsaw puzzle fit
Present-day continents
South America
Africa
Evidence for Continental DriftFossils
Africa
Evidence for Continental DriftPaleoclimatic (ancient climate) evidence
- coal forms under tropical climates
Why do we have coal deposits in the Antarctica?
Antarctica must have been situated closer to the equator, in a more temperate climate where lush, swampy vegetation could grow.
Evidence for Continental DriftRock type and structural similarities
- rocks found in one continent closely match (in age and type) those rocks found in the matching continent
Continental Drift: Summary
• Fit of continents
• Fossil evidence
• Rock type and structural similarities
• Paleoclimatic evidence
Some topics in Geology and how they are taught
• Use of short films for topic introduction and mood setting
• E.g. Groundwater
Click here to be surprised!!
Some topics in Geology and how they are taught
• Use of real life examples and of personal experiences (these enhances the appreciation of the students add to the teacher’s credibility on the subject)
• E.g. Mass wasting/ Deformations
Who’s fault is it?
Beaching around!
Some other Methods
•Field trips
•Film showing
•Reporting
Field trip in Taal
Fieldtrip in Rizal
Some hints • Crack jokes• Tell real life situations• Show pictures of Philippine setting scenarios• Engage students to participate in discussion• Ask a LOT of questions• Recognize the students’ inputs• Film showings• Demonstrate concepts• Listen to the students’ ideas• Have Fun!!
Thank You!!!