Effect of historical land-use on lake- water carbon …933085/FULLTEXT01.pdfThis study examines changes in lake-water total organic carbon (LW-TOC) and lake sediment geochemistry in

Effect of historical land-use on lake-water carbon and geochemistry:

A multi-proxy study of two lake sediment profiles in Dalarna throughout the Holocene

Florian Muthreich

Student

Degree Thesis in “Geoecology” 60 ECTS Master’s Level

Report passed: 2016-05-30

Supervisor: Richard Bindler

Dept. of Ecology and Environmental Science (EMG)

S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden

Telephone +46 90 786 50 00

Text telephone +46 90 786 59 00

www.umu.se

Abstract This study examines changes in lake-water total organic carbon (LW-TOC) and lake sediment geochemistry in two lakes, Stångtjärnen and Holtjärnen in (Dalarna, Sweden), during the Holocene and the role of the historic forest grazing and farming (fäbod-system). The aims of the study were to: 1. Discern the effects of natural processes on the lake’s biogeochemistry in different position in the landscape. 2. Identify the effects and differences in intensity of historic land-use on the lakes. A multi-proxy study was conducted encompassing multi-element (15) geochemistry, biogenic silica, LW-TOC, chlorophyll a and published pollen records. The first lake, Stångtjärnen, is shaped and influenced by surrounding mires, which developed shortly after deglaciation and stabilized the LW-TOC at 19 mg L-1 throughout most of the Holocene, while Holtjärnen, a small upland lake, changed from a productive lake (BSi: 35 %), low humic (LW-TOC: 8 mg L-1) to a less productive (BSi: 4 %) more humic lake (LW-TOC: 12 mg L-1) in 7300 BP. The intensification of agricultural land-use (e.g. hay-making) in Stångtjärnen reduced the concentrations of organic associated elements (Br, Cl) and LW-TOC and increased lithogenic elements (K, Ti), while Holtjärnen showed less anthropogenic influence. The comparison between the two lakes displayed the intensive influence of land-use on the Stångtjärnen catchment, showcased by changes in the sediment geochemistry, vegetation composition and the extent of the forest-grazing system in a landscape perspective. In response to the changes of the Holocene, Stångtjärnen’s mires became the main influence, while Holtjärnen was more sensitive to changes. Keywords: lake-water TOC, summer farming, forest grazing, sediment geochemistry

Contents 1. Introduction and Background .................................................................................... 1

2. Methods and Materials .................................................................................................. 4

2.1 Site descriptions ........................................................................................................... 4

2.2 Sampling and sample preparation ....................................................................... 5

2.3 Age-depth modelling .................................................................................................. 6

2.4 Geochemistry ................................................................................................................ 7

2.5 Mercury analysis .......................................................................................................... 8

2.6 Biogenic silica (Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectrometry) ............... 8

2.7 Lake-water TOC (Visible-near-infrared spectrometry) ............................... 9

2.8 Chlorophyll a ................................................................................................................. 9

2.9 Pollen data ...................................................................................................................... 9

2.10 Statistical analysis and GIS analysis .............................................................. 11

3. Results and Interpretation ........................................................................................ 12

3.1 Age-depth modelling ................................................................................................ 12

3.2 Lake development through the Holocene ........................................................ 15

3.2.1 Sedimentation ......................................................................................................... 15

3.2.2 Holtjärnen Biogeochemistry: Holocene ....................................................... 17

3.2.3 Holtjärnen Biogeochemistry: PCA for the Holocene .............................. 19

3.2.4 Holtjärnen Biogeochemistry: 1000 BC to present day ........................... 20

3.2.5 Holtjärnen Biogeochemistry: PCA for 1000 BC to present day .......... 21

3.2.6 Stångtjärnen Biogeochemistry: Holocene ................................................... 23

3.2.7 Stångtjärnen Biogeochemistry: PCA for the Holocene .......................... 25

3.2.8 Stångtjärnen Biogeochemistry: 1000 BC to present day ....................... 26

3.2.9 Stångtjärnen Biogeochemistry: PCA for 1000 BC to present day ..... 26

3.2.10 Holtjärnen Pollen .............................................................................................. 27

3.2.11 Stångtjärnen Pollen .............................................................................................. 28

4. Discussion......................................................................................................................... 30

4.1 Holocene development of Holtjärnen and Stångtjärnen before

Farming ..................................................................................................................................... 30

4.1.1 Catchment establishment H5 and S5 (9000 BP – 10600 BP) .............. 30

4.1.2 Catchment development H4 and S4 (7000 BP - 9000 BP) ................... 31

4.1.3 Holocene thermal maximum (7000 BP to 3000 BP) .............................. 31

4.1.4 The Late Holocene (<3000 BP) ........................................................................ 32

4.2 Impact of Summer Farming on Stångtjärnen ................................................ 33

4.2.1 Before AD 1300 - 1500 ......................................................................................... 33

4.2.2 Agrarian land use AD 1300 – 1500 until AD 1600 - Forest thinning

and grazing ............................................................................................................................... 34

4.2.3 Agrarian land use AD 1300 – 1500 until AD 1600 - Effects of mire

exploitation .............................................................................................................................. 35

4.2.4 Changes in land use and decline from AD 1600 to 1920 ........................ 36

4.3 Is there an anthropogenic impact (e.g. land use) on the geochemistry

of Lake Holtjärnen? ............................................................................................................ 37

4.4 Conclusions .................................................................................................................. 38

5. References ........................................................................................................................ 40

Attachments ..................................................................................................................................... 48

1

1. Introduction and Background

Organic carbon (OC) has been intensely monitored in aquatic environments over the past decades. Studies conducted in Europe and North America show increasing DOC concentrations in aquatic systems (Arvola et al. 2010; Chapman et al. 2010; Dawson et al. 2008; De Wit et al. 2007; Evans et al. 2005; Hongve et al. 2004; Sarkkola et al. 2009; Worrall & Burt 2007), where freshwater lakes and rivers are important components of the global carbon cycle (Battin et al. 2008; Cole et al. 2007; Dean and Gorham, 1998;). OC also influences food web structure in lakes (Jansson et al. 2007), lake respiration (del Giorgio and Peters 1994; Prairie and others 2002), light conditions (Karlsson et al. 2010; Jones 1992) as well as the transport of heavy metals and pollutants (Shafer et al. 1997). An obvious influence of increasing OC on aquatic ecosystems is the darkening of the water, hence the term brownification describing the phenomenon (Monteith et al. 2007). Total organic carbon (TOC), which is what is measured in the Swedish monitoring program, in water bodies is 90-95% dissolved OC (DOC) from detrital plant, algae or bacterial matter in the form of dissolved organic acids, sugars or complex structures like lignin. The rest of TOC is bound to particles in suspension (particulate organic matter POC). Several hypotheses have been brought forward to explain the increase in TOC. Freeman et al. (2004) proposes climate change as the main factor in linking increase in CO2 and increasing turnover in peat, while Hongve et al. (2004) and Evans et al. (2005) favor changes in precipitation and hydrology as the main driver in increasing TOC concentrations (Evans et al. 2005). Others suggest Fe concentration in streams (Kritzberg and Ekström 2012) as well as changes in ionic strength (Hruska et al. 2009) as driving factors for the increase in TOC. A popular hypothesis appoints the DOC increase to the declining acid deposition (NO3 Cl- SO4) because of the relationship of suppressed DOC solubility in low pH environments (Ekström et al. 2011; SanClements et al. 2012; Tipping & Woof 1991). The recovery of acidified soils from declining rates of acid deposition would increase the DOC leaching into the aquatic environment (Evans et al. 2006; Monteith et al. 2007). Most of these studies explaining increased TOC were based on monitoring data collected over the past few decades. This timeframe is short to formulate an increasing TOC trajectory when compared to a centennial or even millennial perspective. Recent paleolimnological studies concerning inferred TOC concentration show stable TOC concentrations during the middle and late Holocene with an unprecedented decrease starting in 800 BP (Meyer-Jacob et al. 2015; Rosén 2005). The TOC concentrations during most of the Holocene were higher or comparable to today and occurred parallel to increased land use and expansion of summer forest grazing in Sweden from 15th century onward, thus the recent brownification could be interpreted as a return to “natural” concentrations of TOC instead of an unprecedented increase. This system of summer grazing (Swedish: fäbod or UK: shieling) describes farms with cottages, enclosures, fields and forest grazing at distances of a few up to 30 km from the home farms. The shielings were established at a distance to permanent settlements to exploit the unused resources of the forests (Frödin 1925; Nyman 1963). The oldest signs of forest grazing and exploitation similar to the shieling system have been estimated to the Late Neolithic and continued in some form into early Modern Times (Kvamme 1988; Larsson 2009; Myrdal 1999; Sandnes 1991). In Dalarna the earliest traces of cultivation have been traced back to the Iron Age (Karlsson 2010). The establishment and expansion of the shielings from the Middle Ages has been attributed to the increased demand for winter fodder (Montelius 1975; Sandnes 1991), while newer studies cite the increased focus on animal husbandry (Ersgård 1997; Larsson 2009, 2012), a general shift towards extensive agricultural production following the Late Medieval Crisis (Myrdal 1999) and a growing market for animal products (wool, hides, cheese) in the mining district in Bergslagen (Emanuelsson 2001; Larsson 2009, 2012; Stenqvist-Millde 2007; Svensson 1998). The forests surrounding shielings were grazed by animals, while mires were used for hay-making and occasionally cereals (e.g. barley, rye) were also cultivated (Emanuelsson and Segerström 2002). Shielings were extensive and widespread in central Sweden (Björkman and Sjögren, 2003; Karlsson 2001; Mogren 1996; Regnell and Olsson 1998; Svensson 1998; Wallin

1996), especially in Dalarna (Emanuelsson 2001; Emanuelsson and Segerström 2002; Nordström 2001; Segerström 1996;) where this system rapidly expanded during the 15-16th century and established itself as an integral part of agriculture by 1750. By then the population had increased so much that the forests were extensively used for grazing and mires for hay-making. During the 19th century the number of shielings stagnated, while livestock decreased, thus increasing the maintenance cost of shielings (Montelius 1975). The introduction of new agricultural practices (field-rotation, timber became more valuable) led to the mass abandonments of summer farms after 1880 (Larsson 2009, 2012). Cows became the main focus of agriculture and after the introduction of rotating field management to produce fodder, the necessity for summer farms ceased to exist. This widespread summer grazing influenced the OC dynamics in the boreal forest. Shielings reduced the aboveground biomass and litter production through opening of the forest canopy, hay-making and grazing (Ward et al. 2007). Forest soil OC would consequently decrease with the removal of biomass and decreasing litter, in turn leading to reduced TOC concentrations in surface waters. The usage of mires through haymaking altered the hydrology, which affects OM decay (Elveland and Sjöberg 1982), peat growth rates (Booth and Jackson 2003) and therefore OC export to lakes. The continual removal of biomass through haymaking would reduce the depth to the water table in mires and in combination with the removal of OC reduce regeneration of labile OC (Elveland and Sjöberg 1982; Moen et al. 1999). Furthermore, the disturbances caused by grazing and burning would promote adsorption of OC with less-weathered soil mineral matter (Kalbitz et al. 2000). Together these factors would reduce the OC concentrations exported to aquatic environments. Meyer-Jacob et al. (2015) showed this parallel of reducing TOC concentrations and increasing shieling land use in three lakes in the Bergslagen region. Besides reduced TOC concentrations, it has been shown that anthropogenic influences altered the forest composition. The peasants of the summer farms used fire to clear the forest of unwanted field layer (Jirlow 1945) and also removed timber from the forest for use as firewood (potash, food processing or smelting) (Emanuelsson 2001; Pettersson et al. 2004). Because winter fodder production was an important purpose of the summer farms, hay-making on adjacent mires was a common practice (Segerström and Emanuelsson 2002), which involved cutting as well as sometimes water-level manipulations (Segerström et al. 1996; Emanuelsson 2001; Campbell 1948; Vasari 1988). The selective cutting promoted desired species, for example Cyperaceae and suppressed less desirable species, such as mosses (Frödin 1952). In some cases in addition to the animal farming, cereals were also cultivated on summer farms (Segerström and Emanuelsson 2002). Changes in vegetation can be tracked through analyses of pollen in sediment records. Even though pollen records are more of a regional indicator of vegetation within a few to several km (Hjelle et al. 2012), they nevertheless are useful to identify changes in local vegetation in response to climate as well as human disturbance. Important indicators of human disturbance in the context of summer farming are the reduction of pollen from broadleaved tree species, appearance of cereals and Cyperaceae as well as herbaceous species (Emanuelsson 2001). Often different pollen are grouped into general categories, such as anthropochores and apophytes in this context (Schröder 1968), where anthropochores describe plant species dependent on human cultivation (cereals) and apophytes consist of native plant species favored by human disturbance. Lake sediments act as aggregators for local and regional changes in their catchment. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of pre-industrial land-use on two lakes in order to better understand the carbon dynamics and extent of anthropogenic influence on the environment. The context of the lakes and their position in the landscape and responses to changes in the Holocene are studied as well to understand the anthropogenic influences in the late Holocene. The lakes of this study are located in the Dalarna district of Sweden. One lake, Stångtjärnen located in a valley surrounded by mires, has three shielings within 2 km, while the second lake, Holtjärnen in an upland position, was without any known direct grazing and summer farming influence. The lakes will be contrasted in terms of geochemical differences (total element concentrations using wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry WD-XRF), productivity (assessed using Fourier transfer infrared spectrometry) and inferred TOC (inferred from visible-nearinfrared spectrometry) concentration. The lakes are ~10 km

apart, so many general changes throughout the Holocene (climate) have been similar for both lakes as well as exposure to atmospheric pollution from regional mining and metallurgy. In addition to these analyses, changes in vegetation are studied using published data for Holtjärnen (Giesecke 2005) and the mires near Stångtjärnen (Segerström and Emanuelsson 2002). The aims of this study were to reconstruct changes in the lake-water chemistry over a Holocene time-scale using paleolimnological proxies. My hypotheses can be formulated into three research questions:

a. What are the differences between the lakes throughout the Holocene in geochemistry and LW-TOC?

The changes in LW-TOC should follow the trend observed in other Swedish lakes of increasing LW-TOC after deglaciation and stable conditions during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) and a decline thereafter (Meyer-Jacob et al 2015; Rosén 2005). I expect Stångtjärnen to be more influenced by the mire system in its catchment, leading to higher LW-TOC and increased importance of the organic component of the sediment. In terms of geochemistry, I do not expect many differences, apart from a closer link between the Holtjärnen sediment and processes affecting the catchment (climate, disturbance), based on the smaller size and upland position in the landscape (Hypothesis I).

b. How does the summer farming impact the geochemistry of Lake Stångtjärnen in contrast to Holtjärnen, which is in an upland setting?

Following Meyer-Jacob et al. (2015), I hypothesize that TOC concentrations in Stångtjärnen will decrease with the establishment of summer farming in Skallskog, Brändskog and Dammskog at AD 1300 to 1500. The expansion of summer farming in the medieval times has been established in other studies (Emanuelsson 2001; Johansson et al. 1999; Emanuelsson and Segerström, 1998; Sandberg et al. 2000) and the work of (Segerström and Emanuelsson 2002) in the Stångtjärnen shielings confirm this date. I hypothesize that organically associated elements such as Br, Cl to be lower in the sediment record during that time; these would be proxies for reduced transport of OC to the lake (Hypothesis II).

c. Finally, is there an anthropogenic impact (e.g. land use) on the geochemistry of Lake Holtjärnen?

There are no existing records of historical land use around Holtjärnen, and its more upland position and lack of mires in comparison to Stångtjärnen should translate to geochemistry less directly influenced by historic farming, particularly mire haymaking. The hypothesis is that changes in the geochemistry of Holtjärnen will be related to changes in the catchment or vegetation and not direct land use (Hypothesis III).

2. Methods and Materials

2.1 Site descriptions

Both lakes are located in the Leksand parish of the county Dalarna in the middle of Sweden (Fig. 1). The geology in this area is predominantly granite/gneiss covered by moraine sand and clay deposits (SGU 2015). The overall landscape is hilly and features numerous lakes and mires. The lakes are located above the highest shoreline for this area (Brante 1974; SGU 2015) and are part of the southern boreal region. The first lake, Stångtjärnen (60°41'14.8"N 14°45'34.6"E), is located west of the shieling Skallskog, Leksand at 295 m above sea level. Stångtjärnen is surrounded by forest consisting predominantly of Pinus sylvestis and Picea abies, interspersed with some deciduous tree species (Betula pendula, Betula pubescens, Alnus glutinosa). Within the Stångtjärnen watershed are several mires (Fig. 1). The lake and its surrounding mires are situated in a depression to the west of Skallberget. The mires were exploited in the past and the remains of summer farms are found near Stångtjärnen. Within 1.4 km of Stångtjärnen are three shielings: Skallskog, Dammskog and Brändskog. Skallskog is located on the south facing slope of Skallberget. The settlements at Skallskog were established in the 16th century according to the earliest found records (Westin 1965; Montelius 1975). In the 18th and 19th century farmers used the shielings as permanent farms and the fields and meadows of Dammskog and Skallskog were connected. Tax records show that Skallskog and Brändskog were two of the largest shielings in terms of cultivated fields in Leksand (Skallskog: 13 ha; Bränskog: 11 ha) (Montelius 1975). As with most of the summer farms in Sweden, the agricultural use in Skallskog and Brändskog ceased with the 20th century (Montelius 1975; Larsson 2012). The second lake, Holtjärnen (60°39'5.2"N 14°55'37.5"E), is located 10 km to the south-east of Stångtjärnen at 232 m above sea level. The lake is ca. 100 m in diameter with steep sides and no inflowing streams. Holtjärnen is surrounded by outcropping bedrock and spotty till cover. The vegetation in the immediate vicinity to the lake is a dry Pinus sylvestis forest with Picea abies colonizing wetter ground around the lake and is more abundant west of Holtjärnen. Lichens and several Betula species can be found in the field layer. There are no known shieling or settlements in the close vicinity (<1 km) of Holtjärnen or its watershed (Riksantikvarieämbetet 2015).

Figure 1. Map of Holtjärnen and Stångtjärnen with the extent of land-use (as field or forest) in 1829, according to the Storkifte map from the archive of Lantmäteriet (2016). The resources used for the catchment delineation were downloaded from (Lantmäteriet 2015)

2.2 Sampling and sample preparation

The complete sediment profiles were taken in early February 2015. At the deepest points of the lakes overlapping cores were sampled with a Russian peat corer. 5 cores at Stångtjärnen

covering a total of 3.5 m depth and 3 cores at Holtjärnen covering 2 m depth. The cores were covered in plastic and aluminum foil and secured in wooden boxes until further use. Both lakes were also sampled using a HTH Kajak gravity corer (Renborg and Hansson 2008) for the uppermost 30 cm of each lakes surface sediment. The Holtjärnen cores were sliced in continuous 1 cm intervals. The Stångtjärnen cores were sliced at 1 cm intervals for the uppermost 1.5 m of sediment and subsampled at 4 cm intervals for the rest of the remaining sediment. Both gravity cores were divided into 0.5 cm sections for the first 5 cm and 1 cm for the remaining sediment below. All sediment samples were weighed for bulk density and freeze dried. Any macrofossils found during the processing of the cores were extracted and saved for radiocarbon dating. The bulk density data and age-depth (see 2.3) was used to calculate the sedimentation rate (S, kg m-2 yr-1) using equation (1): S = Bulk density [g m-3] × d [m]/(∆Age [yr]) With d as the thickness of the sediment core sample and ∆Age the age difference between bottom and top of the sediment core sample.

2.3 Age-depth modelling

In order to establish a chronology for the proxies used in paleolimnology, the age of the collected cores are determined. Fully dated records can be used to compare segments and sequences to known historic events (i.e. climatic changes or peaks in Pb concentration) between cores. The most common method in paleolimnlogy is radiocarbon dating of macrofossils in the sediment core. The carbon isotope 14C is incorporated into living organic matter and stands in equilibrium with the 14C /12C ratio in the environment. After death, plant tissue stops exchanging 14C with its environment and the radioactive Isotope decays. Through determination of the amount of 14C left in a sample the age can be calculated. Calibration to calendar years has to take into account fluctuating 14C concentrations in the atmosphere over time as well as fractionation due to organism specific 14C uptake and reservoir effects (Reimer et al. 2013). Radiocarbon dating was used to establish the chronology of the sediment cores from Holtjärnen and Stångtjärnen. Seven macrofossils (pine needles, bark and a twig; see Table. 2) were collected from both cores combined (five for Holtjärnen and two for Stångtjärnen), cleaned with MilliQ and sent for accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating at Beta Analytic Inc. (Miami, USA). Only two usable macrofossils were found in the Stångtjärnen core. In order to gain additional data points the lead concentrations and stable lead isotope ratios were aligned to the varved sediment records of Kalven (Bindler et al. 2011) and Koltjärnen (Brännvall et al. 2001). Age-depth modelling was performed using the Clam package (version 2.2; Blaauw, 2010) in R. The calibration curve used was IntCal13.14C (Reimer et al. 2013). A smooth spline setting was used to create the age-depth model for both lakes (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3).

2.4 Geochemistry

Major element and trace metal geochemistry was determined using wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD-XRF). WD-XRF is a nondestructive method providing data on lithogenic and trace metal elements. The freezedried samples were weighed (0.200 g) into plastic cups and analyzed using a Bruker S-8 Tiger WD-XRF. 269 samples from Stångtjärnen and 287 samples from Holtjärnen were analyzed. The measurements were calibrated using a method developed by Rydberg et al. (2014) with a selection of reference materials from soils, lake and marine sediments. The cores were aligned using the field determined depth of the sampled cores and formed a continuous profile (Fig. 2). After consolidation into one profile, 208 samplelevels remained for Stångtjärnen and 214 for Holtjärnen.

Figure 2. Sediment cores for Stångtjärnen and Holtjärnen aligned after Si concentration and field determined depth. Five sediment cores plus one Gravity core for Stångtjärnen and three sediment and one Gravity core for Holtjärnen. Depth in cm from the lake surface. Dashed line represents estimated sediment surface. The distribution of dating references over the sediment profile: ( ) indicate C14 samples, ( ) indicate matches in Pb

concentration to Kalven and Koltjärnen, ( ) indicates the location of the Roman Pb isotope peak and ( ) indicates the drastic sediment change in Holtjärnen from comparison to Giesecke (2005).

During the analysis the atoms in the sample are ionized by X-ray radiation. The released energy differs between elements and enables the identification. For the purpose of this study the following elements were determined using WD-XRF (Al, Br, Ca, Cl, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Pb, S, Si, Ti and Zn). The geochemical composition provides important information to understand in-lake processes as well as changes in the catchment. In order to look at some qualitative changes in the sediment, two elemental ratios, K/Al and Fe/Mn, were used. High Fe/Mn ratios, for example, can be an indicator of reducing conditions or anoxia (Mackereth 1965). K/Al is used to indicate changes in the quality of the mineral matter. K is preferentially leached from silicate over the more insoluble Al, which provides information about the degree of weathering of the sediment (Roy et al. 2008; Kaupilla and Salonen 1997). Lead isotopic ratios were also determined for 35 selected samples from each lake throughout the profile with focus on the last 3000 years and analysed for the isotopes 206Pb and 207Pb at the Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Pb isotopes were analyzed in order to supplement the dating of the sediment. Pre-industrial atmospheric pollution of Pb from metal production has been established in lake sediments (Renberg et al. 1994; Brännvall et al. 1997) and peat records (Brännvall et al. 1997; Shotyk et al. 1998; Bindler et al. 1999). Based on age and origin of different ores, changes in Pb isotope ratios can be linked to different sources.

2.5 Mercury analysis

Mercury (Hg) is a valuable indicator for pollution in lake sediments. Concentrations exceeding

the background levels are characteristic for modern pollution. Similar to Pb, atmospheric

deposition is the major pathway of Hg into lake ecosystems and can be categorized as a regional

pollution signal. Increased mercury concentrations due to pollution started with the industrial

revolution (AD ~1800) and peaked in 1970-1980 (Bindler et al. 2001), coinciding with the

Industrialization of Europe and the increasing use of fossil fuels. For the purpose of this study,

Hg may help to identify early land-use around the two lakes.

A Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA-80, Milestone) was used to determine Hg concentrations.

421 samples were analyzed (207 for Stångtjärnen and 214 for Holtjärnen). Depending on the

sample, 20 - 50 mg of freeze dried sample was used for the analysis, generally more in the

deepest samples, where the concentrations were expected to be lower. During the analysis the

samples are thermally decomposed and the products are carried through a catalyst to remove

byproducts. The Hg is reduced and trapped to a gold amalgamator. After re-release through

heating the absorbance is measured in a fixed wavelength atomic photometer (253.7 nm).

Samples of reference material and replicate samples were included in the analysis every 10th to

15th sample. The concentration of the certified reference material (NCS-DC 73309, stream

sediment) was in good range (72 ± 6-10 ng g-1) of the certified values (72 ± 9 ng g-1).

2.6 Biogenic silica (Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectrometry)

Biogenic Silica (BSi) accumulates in lake sediments and is used as a proxy for changes in lake productivity (Conley and Schelske 2001). Siliceous material from microfossils (sponges, silicoflagellates and mainly diatom) forms BSi during sedimentation. SiO2 atoms have specific absorption bands of infrared radiation at characteristic wavelengths (4 bands are at 1100, 945, 800, and 470 cm-1). Based on the absorption by SiO2 at these wavelengths, BSi can be estimated with Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectrometry (FTIRS) (Meyer-Jacob et al. 2014). For the analysis of BSi 45 samples from each lake were analyzed. 11 mg of sample and 500 mg of KBr were homogenized before analysis using a mortar and pestle. A Bruker Vertex 70 with a MCT detector was used for the measurements. The samples were scanned for the wavenumbers from 3750 to 450 cm-1. The samples were stored in a desiccator for at least 12h in a temperature-controlled environment (25 ±0.5 C) before measurements to insure comparable moisture contents. The analyses themselves were conducted in the same room.

A calibration model developed by Meyer-Jacob et al. (2014) was used to measure the BSi of the samples. The calibration uses a total of 306 samples of synthetic sediment with BSi contents ranging from 0-100 %. The BSi content is inferred using a 5 component partial least square regression with a R2 CV of 0.97 and RMESCV of 4.7 %.

2.7 Lake-water TOC (Visible-nearinfrared spectrometry)

Visible-nearinfrared spectrometry (VNIRS) has been used in paleolimnology to infer historical concentrations of lake variables (TOC, TP, N and pH). Past lake-water TOC concentrations (LW-TOC) can be determined from the preserved organic degradation products in the sediment record. The covalent chemical bounds of organic functional groups (CH3 NH3 etc.) absorb light in the infrared spectrum at characteristic combination bands and overtones. The absorbance can be transformed into concentrations with calibration models using the relationship between the spectra of surface sediment and lake-water concentrations of TOC (Rosén 2005; Cunningham et al. 2011; Meyer-Jacob et al. 2015). The VNIR spectra were measured using a XDS Rapid content analyzer (FOSS NIRSystems Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA). The absorbance was recorded at 2-nm intervals from 400 to 2500 nm for 89 samples (Stångtjärnen: 45; Holtjärnen: 44) yielding 1050 data points per sample. The transfer function and training set were developed by Rosén (2005) and Cunningham et al. (2011), with further adjustments were made by Meyer-Jacob et al. (2015). A gradient from 0.7 to 22 mg L-1 TOC was covered in the training set, consisting of samples from 140 lakes across Sweden. The partial least squares regression calibration model displayed a R2 of 0.65 and a RMSECV of 3.0 mg L-1.

2.8 Chlorophyll a

In addition to LW-TOC, the NIRS data were also used to estimate chlorophyll a (chl a) based on inferences by Michelutti et al. (2010). The NIRS spectra are used to gain information about the trophic state of lakes by inferring the concentration of chl a. Chlorophylls and other pigments in sediments can be used to easily quantify the productivity of algal groups, even though no morphological fossils are produced (Millie et al. 1993; Leavitt and Hodgson 2001). Based on the observations by Das et al. (2005) and Wolfe et al. (2006) of a distinctive peak in absorbance at 675 nm of the electromagnetic spectrum, Michelutti et al. (2010) developed a calibration model to infer chl a concentration from the peak area between 650 and 700 nm. The specific calibration samples were described in Das et al. (2005) and Wolfe et al. (2006) and were collected from several lakes from different trophic states and algal inoculated sediment. The relationship between HPLC-measured chl a and the peak area650-700 nm was significant (R2=0.72; P<0.05; Michelutti et al. 2010) and was described by equation (2): Chlorophyll a + derivatives = 0.0919 x peak area650-700 nm + 0.0011 The concentration of chl a and its derivatives was calculated using the above equation from the LW-TOC NIRS data. Peak area650-700 nm describes the area under the NIRS spectrum between the wavelength 650 and 700 nm. The range between 650 – 700 nm encompassed 26 data points over 45 samples in Stångtjärnen and 44 samples in Holtjärnen.

2.9 Pollen data

The analysis of pollen contents of lake sediments and peat records is a widely used method to identify past vegetation changes through time. During the reproductive process of plants pollen is produced and then dispersed by wind and other vectors. Thanks to the resistant coating of pollen grains, they are preserved in sediments and peats. Shape, size and surface structure allows identification to genus or family of the parent plant. Analysis of pollen records are used

to infer past climate changes, anthropogenic impacts on the vegetation from sediment and peat records (Seppä et al. 2005, 2009; Emanuelsson 2001). Pollen records from a Holtjärnen sediment core and peat-cores in the Stångtjärnen catchment were previously analyzed by Giesecke (2005) and Segerström & Emanuelsson (2002) respectively. Both studies used pollen analysis to study the changes in vegetation through time. Giesecke (2005) studied forest dynamics in the Holocene using pollen as well as basic geochemical analyses (LOI) from the lake sediment of Holtjärnen. The abundance of tree and plant species as well as changes in vegetation composition and its driving factors were the focus of his study. A complete profile was analyzed for pollen, LOI and water content. The methods for coring followed a similar procedure used in this study. Segerström & Emanuelssons (2002) studied two mires close to Stångtjärnen. They showed the effect of pre-industrial animal husbandry and summer farming on the boreal forest. Two different sized mires were cored. The large mire closest to Stångtjärnen will reflect more of a local and regional signal, whereas the smaller, upland mire would reflect mainly a very local vegetation, based on the general relationship between size and pollen source area (Janssen 1973, Bradshaw and Webb 1985 Jackson 1990). The large mire is below the slope and 200 m to the east of the open shieling area, while the small mire is 800 m to the north of Skallskog; due to their different position the mires will reflect different activities of the cultivation at Skallskog. The large mire has a larger relevant source area reaching farther than the one for the small mire. Sugita (1994) modelled the relevant source area based on lake sizes and determined 50 to 100 m for hollows sized similar to the small mire and ~400 m for the large mire. In addition Sugita (1994) found, that 30-45% of the pollen originate within these distances, which means that the large mire will reflect the changes close to and in Skallskog overlapped by pollen further away, while the small mire will reflect the changes on the elevated plain between the shielings Brändskog and Skallskog with a smaller influence of outside pollen. The peat profiles were dated using radiocarbon dating and analyzed for pollen counts and charcoal particles. Detailed description of the methods used can be found in Segerström & Emanuelsson (2002).

Table 1. Species composition for the pollen groupings used.

Pollen-grouping Holtjärnen Stångtjärnen Broadleaved trees (QM) Alnus, Fagus sylvatica,

Populus, Quercus, Tilia cordata, Salix, Ulmus

Carpinus, Fagus, Quercus, Tilia, Ulmus, Alnus, Salix

Herbs Ranunculus, Utricularia, Rosaceae, Potentilla, Asteraceae, Caryophyllaceae, Oxyria type, Viola palustre, Viola arvensis, Vicia cracca, Filipendula, Lycopodium Annotinum,

Apophytes Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Plantago lanceolate, Plantago major, Rumex acetosella, Urtica

Chenopodiaceae, Plantago lanceolate, Plantago major, Rumex acetosa/acetosella, Urtica

Anthropochores Secale cereale, Triticum, Hordeum

Secale cereale, Triticum, Hordeum, Canabis type, Cerealia undiff.

The pollen count proportions were thematically grouped by species (Table. 1). Anthropochores and apophytes are used to indicate the presence and influence of humans, where

anthropochores are species that are dependent on the presence of humans (e.g. cereals), while apophytes are native plants that are favored by anthropogenic disturbance.

2.10 Statistical analysis and GIS analysis

The statistical evaluation of the data was done within the Program R. Principal component analyses (PCA) were performed using the psych package (v1.5.8, Revelle 2015) in R. The data used in the PCA encompassed the elements Al, Br, Ca, Cl, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Si, Ti and Zn from WD-XRF, BSi and Sidetr from FTIRS and LW-TOC and chl a from NIRS. In preparation to analysis all data were converted to z-scores using the following equation (3): Z-scorei = (Xi-Xavg)/Xstd, i where i corresponds to a sediment sample, Xi is the value of the variable X for the sample i, and Xavg and Xstd are the mean average and standard deviation of the variable X for all sediment samples. PCA analysis was used as an exploratory tool to identify the relationships between the elements of the sediment geochemistry. The resulting grouping of elements into principal components (PC) is informed by the environmental processes and events in the lake and catchment, thus leading to a selection of the most expressive and significant proxies for the discussion of the lake development throughout the Holocene and the influence of summer farming on Stångtjärnen and Holtjärnen. For the PCA analysis Pb, Hg, K/Al and Fe/Mn were plotted passively in the figures and were not part of the analysis itself. Pb and Hg in lake sediments in Sweden above the background concentrations are from long-range atmospheric pollution (Brännvall et al. 2001; Renberg et al. 2000), e.g. Pb deposition from the European mainland have been tracked in Swedish peat bogs (Brännvall et al. 2001). For the purpose of this study the deposition of Pb and Hg from sources outside of the catchments was not of interest and instead could influence the components; instead, if components or certain elements correlate with Pb and Hg, these could be identified as being influenced by atmospheric pollution. Resources for the map and catchments calculations were requested from the Swedish Department for Geography (Lantmäteriet, 2015). The mapping and calculations of the lake catchments were done in the ArcGIS package from ESRI. The delineation of the lake’s catchments was based on a 5 m interval raster, based on laser measurements. Direction of flow based on this elevation data was used to calculate the watersheds. The location of archaeological described fäbod in Dalarna were obtained from the Swedish national heritage boards online resources (Riksantikvarieämbetet 2015). The extent of the shielings Brändskog, Skallskog and Dammskog is based on a map of the landrefrom (Storskifte) in 1829 retrieved from the archive of Lantmäteriet, (2016).

3. Results and Interpretation 3.1 Age-depth modelling

Figure 3. Age-depth model for Holtjärnen. The darker shaded points are the carbon dates (Cal BP1950) for the macrofossils. The points outside the model curve (□) were ignored during the modelling. The point at ~2000 BP (o) is the supporting date acquired by comparison to the records of Kalven (Bindler et al. 2011) and Koltjärnen (Brännvall et al. 2001) (Fig. 5). The date at ~-20 BP (x) is the peak Pb concentration in Holtjärnen used to identify the maximum of atmospheric Pb depositions from modern industrial pollution (Brännvall et al. 1997, 2001). The point at ~7300 BP is the change in LOI/OM from comparison to Giesecke (2005). The modelling was done using a smooth spline.

Age-depth modelling for Holtjärnen was performed using a smooth spline, fitted to three of the five macrofossil carbon dates (Table 2), a cross referenced point of LOI increase from Giesecke (2005) between 7200 BP to 7400 BP and the estimated date of deglaciation between 10200-10700 BP (SGU 2015). The macrofossil selection was weighted for the period of interest <3000 BP. Two macrofossils were ignored during the modelling (Fig. 3). The dates from depth 693 and 713 were too old and too young, respectively. The matching of Pb-isotope curves to the varved sediment records of Kalven (94 km to the south; Bindler et al. 2011) and Koltjärnen (300 km to the north; Brännvall et al. 2001) supports this decision, seen in the matching of the trough in the 206Pb/207Pb isotope ratio at AD 150 (Fig. 5). The Pb-isotope trough was used as a supporting point in the age-depth modelling. With either of the two ignored dates included in the modelling, the 206Pb/207Pb trough does not match. The reason for the poorly fitting macrofossils could lie in positioning of the macrofossils in the sediment where sedimentation is low. Either post depositional movement of Pinus needles or deposition at an angle could have masked the actual time the fossils were deposited.

Table 2. Carbon dating. Macrofossil carbon dates for Holtjärnen and Stångtjärnen. The highlighted dates are the dates ignored for the Holtjärnen age-depth model.

Lake Lab Code

Depth (cm)

Material 14C Age BP1950

(conventional) Cal Age BP1950 min (intercept) max at 2σ

Holtjärnen Beta 421818

677 bark 0930 ±30 0730 0(790) 0910


683 Pine needle 1290 ±30 1070 (1180) 1270


693 Pine needle 1960 ±30 1815 (1865) 1895


713 Pine needle 2450 ±30 2350 (2365) 2685


730 twig 3400 ±30 3480 (3575) 3640

Stångtjärnen Beta 421823

582 bark 0460 ±30 0310 0(445) 0500

Stångtjärnen Beta 421824

695 bark 2990 ±30 3080 (3190) 3330

Figure 4. Age-depth model for Stångtjärnen. The darker shaded points (*) are the carbon dates (Cal BP1950) for the macrofossils. The lighter shaded points are the supporting dates acquired by comparison to the records of Kalven (Bindler et al. 2011) and Koltjärnen (Brännvall et al. 2001).The point at 2000 BP (o) was matched with the Roman peak in Pb concentrations and trough in Pb isotope ratios with Koltjärnen and Kalven (Fig. 5). The modelling was done using a smooth spline.

The age-depth modelling for Stångtjärnen used a smooth spline based on a combination of dates: macrofossil radiocarbon dating (350 BP and 3010 BP; Table 2), manual matching of Pb curves (-20 BP, 50 BP, 400 BP, 750 BP, 1800 BP) with Kalven and Koltjärnen (Fig. 5) and estimated date of deglaciation between 10200-10700 BP (SGU 2015). According to the age-depth model, the macrofossils date to 352 BP and 3202 BP and the Pb isotope matches date to -3 BP, 52 BP, 427 BP, 742 BP and 1803 BP. Pb in Swedish lakes above background concentrations are driven by atmospheric deposition and the same trends and events in concentrations and isotope ratios can be traced through several lake profiles. The “Roman” Pb peak at AD ~100 is found throughout Europe (Renberg et al. 2001; Cloy et al. 2008; Bindler et al. 2011). The exact timing of this peak can differ, depending on proximity to other sources and mining history, but it is reasonable to assume that the timing between the Holtjärnen, Stångtjärnen, Kalven and Koltjärnen records should be comparable. The chronologies for Kalven and Koltjärnen are well documented (Brännvall et al. 2001; Bindler et al. 2011) and have been used similarly by Mejer-Jacob et al. (2015) to support the age-depth modelling of Lång-Älgsjön, 30 km to the south of Holtjärnen and Stångtjärnen.

Figure 5. Pb concentration (a.) and Pb 206/207 isotope z-scores (b.) for Kalven (Bindler et al. 2011), Koltjärnen (Brännval et al. 2001), Stångtjärnen and Holtjärnen. Z-Scores were determined using equation (3) used in the PCA (see 2.10).

The Pb isotope ratios were used in the age-depth modelling of the lakes in two ways. In Holtjärnen, the Pb isotope data facilitated the decision to exclude the radiocarbon dates for Beta 421820 and Beta 421821 from the modelling. Without exclusion the trough at AD ~150 in Pb isotope ratio is modelled ~200 years too early. The Pb isotopes in this case were used to control the modelling results. In Stångtjärnen, because of the lack of suitable macrofossils in the upper part of the profile covering the last 3000 years, the isotope data was the basis for five of the data points used in the age-depth modelling. The Pb concentration as well as the isotope ratios of the Stångtjärnen profile matched very well with the data from Kalven and Koltjärnen (Fig. 5). In addition to the Roman peak, the Stångtjärnen profile follows the concentration peaks of Kalven at AD ~1200 and AD ~1500 (Fig. 5), indicating the increased pollution of Pb, due to economic growth in Sweden, and more generally Europe (Brännvall et al. 2001).

Figure 6. Age-depth model for the large (LM) and small (SM) mire in Skallskog. LM using linear regression. SM using smooth spline. Radiocarbon dates and the respective depths are published in Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002).

To facilitate comparison to Stångtjärnen an age-depth model was calculated for the peat cores taken by Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002) using the published carbon dates at their respective depths. Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002) estimated the bottom of both cores at AD ~0 (~1950 BP1950), because of the presence of Picea pollen in both cores, which became established in the area at ~2300 BP (Giesecke 2005). The age-depth model for the small mire used a smooth spline based on the two macrofossils and estimating the bottom of the core at AD 0 and the top at AD 2000. The macrofossils date to 317 BP and 555 BP, respectively, according to the age-depth model. For the large mire the radiocarbon dates as well as the peat quality indicate a hiatus in the peat core at 63 cm (Fig. 6). The difference between the bottom two macrofossils is 393 years within 2 cm of the core according to the radiocarbon dating. The peat above the hiatus is comprised of less humified sphagnum mosses in contrast to the bottom half with higher humification (Segerström and Emanuelsson, 2002). The age-depth model was calculated using a linear regression method performed on both segments separately. According to the age-depth model the hiatus is 350 years, with the macrofossils dated at 78, 107, 127, 153 and 540 BP, respectively.

3.2 Lake development through the Holocene 3.2.1 Sedimentation

Overall the sedimentation rate in Stångtjärnen is double than in Holtjärnen through most of the Holocene, ~24 g m-2 yr-1 in Stångtjärnen and ~13 g m-2 yr-1 in Holtjärnen, which is consistent with the greater thickness of the Stångtjärnen profile (350 cm vs 220 cm; Fig. 2). The sedimentation in both lakes started high (100 g m-2 yr-1 and 83 g m-2 yr-1, respectively) and decreased drastically in the first ~2000 years after deglaciation (Fig. 7 and Fig. 10). After stabilization of the sedimentation rate, remained stable until ~500 BP when both increased again to post-deglaciation levels. The sedimentation rate at the beginning of the Holtjärnen core immediately after deglaciation is 60 g m-2 yr-1. In the following 1200 years the sedimentation decreased markedly until it reached 13 g m-2 yr-1 in ~9000 BP. The sedimentation rate remained stable throughout the Holocene until 2400 BP, when it decreased over the next 2000 years. For the last 500 years the sedimentation increased again from 6 g m-2 yr-1. First slowly until 159 BP, when the sedimentation rate peaked to over 50 g m-2 yr-1.

In Stångtjärnen the sedimentation after deglaciation decreased from the ~100 g m-2 yr-1 in 10100 BP to ~22 g m-2 yr-1 by 8800 BP. This rate is held over the rest of the Holocene until the sedimentation started to slowly increase again from 1500 BP to ~30 g m-2 yr-1. In the last 300 years of the profile, the sedimentation reaches >100 g m-2 yr-1.

3.2.2 Holtjärnen Biogeochemistry: Holocene

Figure 7. Geochemistry, PC z-Scores, BSi, LW-TOC and chl a for the entire Holtjärnen profile.

The Holtjärnen profile was segmented into 5 sections: H1 (100 BP to present), H2 (2600 BP to 100 BP), H3 (7200 to 2600 BP), H4 (9000 to 7200 BP) and H5 (10600 to 9000 BP). The Holtjärnen profile shortly after deglaciation shows rapidly decreasing concentrations of lithogenic elements, such as Na, K and Ti (Fig. 7). The concentrations decrease by ~90% from 10600 BP to 9000 BP (K: 1.1 % to 0.05 %; Na: 0.4 % to 0.04 %; Ti: 1600 ppm to 127 ppm). The sediment between deglaciation (10600 BP) and 7000 BP consists of predominantly SiO2 (~70%), with most of the Si as BSi (~60%). The concentrations of P, Br, Cl increase at the same time (P: 193 ppm to 1166 ppm; Br: 17.4 ppm to 35.6 ppm; Cl: 91 ppm to 306 ppm). The NIRS data showed slowly increasing LW-TOC and chl a concentrations from 4 mg L-1 to 8 mg L-1 and for chl a from 40 µg g-1 to 80 µg g-1. From 7300 BP the sediment composition drastically changes over the span of ~300 years. The sediment is richer in OM and diatoms decrease drastically, seen in increases of Br and Cl and the BSi decline to ~4 %, while the detrital Si stays the same (~14 %). The concentrations of Br, Cl and P increase almost two fold. P from 1000 ppm to 2000 ppm, Br from 38 ppm to 75 ppm and Cl from 300 ppm to 600 ppm. The lithogenic elements only show a small peak in concentration during the transition, while the LW-TOC increases to 12 mg L-1 and chl a decreases to 40 µg g-1. After the change in sediment composition from 7300 BP, Al concentrations continue to steadily decrease from 3 % to 1.5 % by 3000 BP as the only prominent change in the profile. In ~4000 BP the NIRS proxies show another change in the sediment. First, the LW-TOC begins to decrease from 12 mg L-1 in 4000 BP to 7.5 mg L-1 in 200 BP. In 2400 BP chl a increases to over 80 µg g-1. The geochemistry changes more noticeably from 1000 BP, when Na, K, Ti and Pb increase in concentration, while Br, P and Cl start to decrease. In the last 100 years a peak in Fe, S and Pb characterizes the profile, where Fe and S peak at 3.5 % and 4.7 %, respectively, while the P concentration decreases to 617 ppm, Br to 50 ppm, Ca to 0.5 % and BSi to 5 %. In the uppermost sample of the profile LW-TOC increases again from 5 mg L-1 to 10 mg L-1, while chl a on the other hand decreases rapidly and reaches its lowest concentration in the profile (30 µg g-1). The results from the proxies are analyzed in detail for the period 3000 BP to 100 BP later on in a PCA in section 3.2.2.3.

3.2.3 Holtjärnen Biogeochemistry: PCA for the Holocene

Figure 8. Results of the PCA for Holtjärnen. A and b for the entire Holocene 10600 BP to present and c and d for 3000 BP to present. Black text were part of the PCA, while grey indicates passively plotted variables. Components are Varimax rotated.

A PCA was performed on the results from the proxies in order to summarize trends in the profile and reduce the number variables down to principal components that describe the variation in the profile. Two PCAs were performed, one over the entire profile to analyze broad trends through the Holocene and a second PCA focused on the period of interest from 3000 BP to 100 BP. A second PCA was necessary in order to find components without the influence of the larger changes, the early Holocene landscape development and the major composition change in 7300 BP, masking smaller scale changes in the sediment. The PCA on the entire Holtjärnen profile identified 4 principal components, explaining 89% of the total variance (Fig. 8a and 8b). The first component explains 34.8 % of the variance and has the highest positive loadings for Br, Ca, Cl, P and LW_TOC. Br and Cl are halogens that are organophile and are associated with OM (Biester et al. 2004). Ca in OM-rich sediments like Holtjärnen was found to associate with OM, while Ca in carbonates should not play a role in the sediment, because it would be apparent in the FTIR spectra. The LW-TOC, BSi and Si are the highest loading factors on the negative side. Si in Holtjärnen is predominantly biogenic and changes in BSi therefore cause the similar loading of BSi and Si. Diatoms in lakes are controlled by climate, light as well as nutrients (Conley and Schelske 2001), and changes in diatom productivity are reflected in the concentrations of BSi.

The first component is primarily driven by the change in OM composition from in-lake produced (autochtonous) OM (BSi) before 7300 BP to OM from terrestrial input (allochtonous). The second large change in PC 1 in the profile is after 1000 BP, when the allochtonous OM and LW-TOC decreased in contrast to an increase of BSi. LW-TOC already started to decrease in 4000 BP, while the large decrease seen in the PC 1 after 1000 BP is more driven by P, Ca and the negative loading BSi. The second component explains 30.1% of the variance and has lithogenic elements (K, Na, Ti, Mg, Sidetrital; Norton et al. 1992) as the positive loading factor. These elements are associated with silicate minerals (Kaupilla and Salonen 1997) and reflect the increased erosion and sedimentation of mineral matter into the lake (Bengtsson and Enell 1986), as shown in the rapid decrease seen in PC 2 after deglaciation between 10600 BP and 9500 BP, which match the strong decrease in sedimentation. The K/Al ratio was passively plotted in the figure and also shows a positive loading on the second component (R2=0.81). The K/Al ratio describes the quality of mineral matter (Roy et al. 2008), based on the preferential leaching of more labile cations (K, Na, Ca) over Al or Ti (Nesbitt and Young, 1982; Smykatz-Kloss et al. 2004), with a high K/Al indicating less weathered mineral matter. PC2 and K/Al seem to describe the lithogenic input into the sediment. The third component explains 13 % of the variance with positive loadings for Fe, S. The biggest variation in this component is in the last 100 years of the profile, driven by peaks in Fe and S in 50 BP. Pb (R2=0.27), Hg (R2=0.39) and the Fe/Mn ratio (R2=0.82) were passively correlated and showed positive loadings for the third component. The high loading of Fe, S and Fe/Mn close to the profile surface could reflect redox processes. Changes in Fe/Mn ratio are associated with changes in redox conditions based on the lower redox-values required to reduce Fe over Mn (Mackereth 1966; Engström and Wright 1988; Hu et al. 1996). The positive loading of Pb and Hg also implicates an influence of industrial atmospheric pollution. The atmospheric pollution of Pb and Hg in the mid-20th century from fossil fuel burning could be reflected here in the sediment. The last component PC 4 explains 10.4 % of the variance and has positive loadings for Al and to some extent Mn and Ca. Al in sediments is considered immobile (Nesbitt and Young 1982) in relation to labile cations (K, Ca, Na) and Al ratios with other elements are used as a proxy for intensity or grade of weathering (Zabel et al. 2001; Roy et al. 2008). PC 3 seems to describe changes in the grade of weathering of the mineral material in the sediment.

3.2.4 Holtjärnen Biogeochemistry: 1000 BC to present day

Detrital input, indicated by K/Al, increases from 0.03 in 1000 BC to 0.06 in AD 1500 and shows rapid increases in the last 100 years of the profile (Fig. 9a), together with the sedimentation rate (Fig 7). The detrital input for Holtjärnen is concentrated in the last 100 years with visible increases from the Holocene average in the past 500 years for the concentrations of Na, K, Ti (Na 0.021 % to 0.03 %; K 0.047 % to 0.058 %; Ti 200 ppm to 500 ppm). The organic fraction overall is characterized by decreasing concentrations. LW-TOC decreases from 12 mg L-1 to ~7 mg L-1 and Br from ~100 ppm to ~75 ppm for the period of 500 BC to AD 1900. P and Cl concentrations follow their Holocene trajectory and stay relatively constant at ~1500 ppm and ~700 ppm respectively. Both elements show a peak in concentration at AD ~800 (P: >3000 ppm; Cl: ~890 ppm) and decrease afterwards to their lowest concentrations in AD 1600 to 1900 (P: ~1250 ppm; Cl: ~450 ppm). With the transition into H2, chlorophyll increases from its Holocene average (5 µg g-1) to ~12 µg g-1. BSi remains slightly over the middle Holocene average of 3 % throughout most of H2 before increasing after 1000 AD to 8 %. After a trough in 100 BP at 5 %, BSi increases rapidly in the topmost sample (>12 %). The last 100 years are dominated by the peak in Fe and S and increases in sedimentation rate, lithogenic elements and Pb and Hg.

Figure 9. Geochemistry, PC z-Scores, BSi, LW-TOC and chl a for the Stångjärnen (a.) and Holtjärnen (b.) in the top sections of the profiles (1000 Bc to AD 2015).

3.2.5 Holtjärnen Biogeochemistry: PCA for 1000 BC to present day

For the main period of interest between 3000 BP to 100 BP, a separate PCA analysis determined 4 principal components (Fig. 8c and 8d), explaining 85.3% of the variance. The positive loading elements for the first component (33 %) are lithogenic elements (K, Ti, Na, Mg) and the passively plotted and correlated K/Al with R2=0.71 (Fig. 8c). Organic bound elements (Cl, Mn and Ca) as well as LW-TOC show negative loadings. The first component is

describing the proportion of mineral to organic matter in the sediment, with the allogenic mineral input on the positive loading and the organic on the negative loading. For PC 2, explaining 21 % of the variance, the positive loadings are Si, Bsi and Sidetr, while the negative loadings are Br and Cl. In contrast to the PCA for the entire Holocene, BSi and Sidetr group close on the same component. BSi concentrations are much lower than in H5 (Fig. 8c) and changes in the Si dynamic have an effect on both. The third component PC 3 (21 %) loads strongly positive for Fe, S and Al, Mg, Ca. The passively plotted Fe/M ratio loaded positive as well (R2=0.53). PC 3 seems to encompass two factors. First, the influence of the redox Fe and S peak in 50 BP are visible in the positive loading of Fe, S and the Fe/Mn ratio. The second part is a factor seems to be affected by a change in weathering intensity, indicated by decreasing Al, Mg and Ca shortly after 7300 BP that continued through the Holocene. The fourth component PC 4 (9 %) has positive loadings for P and Ca. P and Ca are associated with OM. A peak in concentration in 800 AD for Ca and P is the characterizing feature in this component. Other organophile elements and chl a also have weaker positive loadings for PC 4. The component seems to be describing a fraction of the organic matter related to P. The loading of chlorophyll may indicate a relation to algal OM.

3.2.6 Stångtjärnen Biogeochemistry: Holocene

Figure 10. Geochemistry, PC z-Scores, BSi, LW-TOC and chl a for the entire Stångtjärnen profile.

The core was divided into 5 segments (S5: 10600 to 8400 BP; S4: 8400 to 6000 BP; S3: 6000 to 3000 BP; S2: 3000 to 700 BP; S1: 100 BP to Present). The segments S1 and S2, covering the period 3000 BP to present, were divided into S1A, S1B, S2A, S2B with a detailed description of important changes and a separate PCA in the sections 3.2.8 and 3.2.9. The first 1500 years of segment S5 (10600 to 9000 BP) are dominated by high and rapidly decreasing concentrations of Na (1.06 % to 0.07 %), K (2 % to 0.1 %), Ti (~2200 ppm to ~325 ppm) and K/Al ratio (0.6 to 0.1) (Fig. 10). While the lithogenic detrital input decreases (Sedimentation rate: ~100 g m-2 yr-1 to ~30 g m-2 yr-1), organic elements (Br, Cl) as well as LW-TOC increase towards the end of S5 (~8400 BP). S and Fe display a large peak in concentration in ~9300 BP at 12 % and 1.5 %, respectively. Before the end of S5, concentrations for Fe and S have returned to 1.7 % and 0.6 %, respectively. In the transition to segment S4 (8400 to 6000 BP) P increases rapidly to 2000 ppm and plateaus in concentration until 7000 BP. The lithogenic part of the sediment (K, Ti, Na and K/Al) shows elevated concentrations (K: 0.3 %; K/Al: 0.08) before baseline concentrations (K: 0.03 %; K/Al: 0.02) for the profile are reached in 7000 BP. After the increases in the transition to S4 (9000 BP) the organic elements Br and Cl have stabilized at 50 ppm and 180 ppm. LW-TOC continues to increase until it normalizes at 19 mg L-1 in the transition to S3 (7000 BP). BSi appears in the profile at the beginning at 9000 BP with a large increase (11 %) at the same time as P and stabilizes at 6 % by the end of the segment. S3 (6000 to 3000 BP) shows the fewest changes in the geochemistry of the sediment. Detrital input is at its lowest with K/Al at 0.01 and a sedimentation rate of <30 g m-2 yr-1. The organic part of the sediment (Br, Cl, Fe) also shows few composition changes. Judging from the high LW-TOC concentrations, the mire system has become fully established around Stångtjärnen and is providing the input of organic rich material to the lake.

3.2.7 Stångtjärnen Biogeochemistry: PCA for the Holocene

Figure 11. Results of the PCA for Holtjärnen. A and b for the entire Holocene 10600 BP to present and c and d for 3000 BP to present. Black text were part of the PCA, while grey text indicates passively plotted variables. Components are Varimax rotated

A PCA analysis over the entire profile determined 4 components (Fig. 11a and 11b) explaining 84% of the variance in the core. The first component, explained 34% of the variance with positive loadings for lithogenic elements (Na, K, Ti, Mg, Sidetrital) and the K/Al ratio (Fig. 10a). Similar to the second component of Holtjärnen, PC 1 is describing the detrital input into the sediment and like in Holtjärnen the K/Al ratio serves as a good proxy for this factor (R2=0.73). In contrast to Holtjärnen, PC 1 in Stångtjärnen has indicators of lake productivity (BSi, chl a, P) on the negative loading side. BSi is used as a proxy for diatom productivity and chl a is used to infer more generally algal productivity. For both, P is an important nutrient and often limited in aquatic systems (Hall and Smol 1992). The second component, explaining 20% of the variance, has positive loadings for authigenic and organically associated elements (Br, Fe, Mn, Cl, LW-TOC). LW-TOC measures the organic content of the lake water, while Br and Cl are considered organophile (Biester et al. 2004) and good indicators of organic matter in OM rich sediments like Stångtjärnen. Fe and Mn are

redox-mobile elements that often complexate with organic compounds. The only element loading negative on PC 2 is P. The third component, explaining 15% of the variance, has positive loadings for Zn, S, Fe and Fe/Mn with Pb and Hg being the closest associated other elements in terms of positive loading. The passively plotted Pb, Hg and Fe/Mn had correlation coefficient of 0.08, 0.23 and 0.42, respectively. This component is driven by two large changes in the sediment. One is the peak in Fe, S and Fe/Mn during catchment initiation (S5: 10600 BP to 8400 BP) and the other is the peak in S in the last segment (S1A: <100 BP). Changes in Redox conditions in S5 and industrial atmospheric pollution in S1A seem to be the main factors for this component. PC 4 explains 14% of the variance, with Ca and Al loading negative. Similar to Holtjärnen, PC 4 seems to describe the changes in the quality of mineral matter through either weathering or grain size.

3.2.8 Stångtjärnen Biogeochemistry: 1000 BC to present day

The last 3000 years of the profile, segmented into S1A (AD 1900 to 2015), S1B (AD 1300 to 1900), S2A (AD 600 to 1300) and S2B (1000 BC to AD 600), show the transition from the stable conditions during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (~7000 BP to ~3500 BP) to the disturbances by human land-use intensifying in medieval times. The organophile halogens Br and Cl (Biester et al. 2004) increase from 40 ppm to 60 ppm and 250 ppm to 300 ppm, respectively in 1000 BC (Fig. 9b and Fig. 10). After the transition into S2B (1000 BC to 600 AD) Al and Ca start to decline from the stable concentrations during the HTM, Al from 3.2 % in 1000 BC to 2 % in AD 1000 and Ca from 1.8 % to 1.3 %. In S2B the organic (Br, Cl) and authigenic (Fe) part the sediment shows increases during the “Roman” peak in Pb, while the lithogenic proxies, LW-TOC and BSi/chl a remain stable (Fig. 9b). From AD 600 to AD 1300 (S2A) the geochemistry in the profile starts to change. Lithogenic elements K, Ti and the K/Al ratio increase slightly in AD 600 (K: 0.025 % to 0.045 %; Ti: 200 ppm to 300 ppm; K/Al: 0.01 to 0.03). The concentration of Ca shows a step increase from 1.3 % to 1.5 % but then continues the decreasing trend (Fig. 9b). Other elements associated with OM (Br, Cl) show increasing concentrations and higher variation between samples, while LW-TOC remains at 19 mg L-1. The beginning of S1B (AD 1300 to AD 1900) is the beginning of forest grazing and later farming around Stångtjärnen according to Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002). The transition to and the first half of segment S1B (AD 1300 to AD 1600) is informed by the decline in the organic part of the sediment as well as peaks in AD 1300 and AD 1500 seen in Br, Cl, Al, Fe, Mn and Pb. Br and Fe show decreasing concentrations, while also exhibiting the peaks at AD 1300 and AD 1500 before stabilizing at their respective lowest concentration of 43 ppm and 4.2 % for the rest of the segment. Ca on the other hand is showing less peak characteristics and declines to 1 % in AD 1600. P is showing peaks in concentration and an overall increase to 800 ppm after AD 1600 in comparison to the 750 ppm before AD 1300. The LW-TOC concentrations start to steadily decrease over the course of S1B (AD 1300 to 1900) from 19 mg L-1 to ~16 mg L-1. BSi and chl a on the other hand have been starting to increase since AD 1000 and reach a concentration maximum from AD 1400 to AD 1600 at 10 % and ~40 µg g-1, respectively. In the transition to the 20th century (S1A), summer farming has almost completely ceased. Most farms have been abandoned at this point and modern forest management became more established. The sedimentation rate increases rapidly in S1A together with the K/Al ratio as well as Ti concentrations (Fig. 10). LW-TOC as well as Br continue the trend of low concentrations and only show a strong increase during the last 30 years (Fig. 9b).

3.2.9 Stångtjärnen Biogeochemistry: PCA for 1000 BC to present day

A detailed PCA revealed 4 components explaining 84% of the variance (Fig. 11c and 11d). The first component (PC 1) explains 25% of the variance and has positive loadings for productivity indicating proxies (P and chl a) and positive loadings for lithogenic input (Ti, K). Positive

loading for the passive Pb and Hg (R2: 0.46 and 0.4, respectively) as well as Zn and S indicated industrial atmospheric pollution (Nriagu and Pacyna 1988; Nriagu 1989). The second component (PC 2) explained 24% of the variance and has positive loadings for Mn, Fe, Br, Cl making the organic matter the characterizing factor for PC 1. The elements with positive loadings for PC 1 are either organically bound elements (Br, Cl, Ca) or mobile or associated with OM (Fe and Mn). The negative loading also showed CIA, describing the grade of weathering. The last two components PC 3 (22%) and PC 4 (14%) both explain the mineral matter of the sediment. PC 3 describes the changes in the quality or grain size (Al, Mg, Ca) of the mineral matter, while PC 4 describes the input of lithogenic detrital matter (K, Ti, Na, K/Al: R2=0.41).

3.2.10 Holtjärnen Pollen

The pollen data in this study were previously published by Giesecke (2005) and Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002). For extensive interpretation and discussion see the respective studies. This study only features a selection of the data from both studies for the context of this project (Table 1; Fig. 12; Fig. 13). The complete set of data for Holtjärnen is available for download (EPD 2015), while the pollen data for the Stångtjärnen mires is used with the permission from the author U. Segerström.

Figure 12. Selection from the Holtjärnen pollen data collected and analyzed by Giesecke (2005). Full dataset available at (EPD 2015)

The Holtjärnen record is dominated by tree pollen making up ~90-95 % of the total terrestrial pollen throughout the profile. Pinus and Betula pollen are the most common with ~40-50 % each, while broadleaved tree pollen make up 18 % with a decreasing trend over the Holocene. Picea became established in this area after 2400 BP and amounts to 10-15 % of the pollen. 3-5

% is made up by other terrestrial species pollen, increasing to max. 20 % during the last 500 years of the record. After deglaciation Betula and Pinus represent ~70 % and ~17 % of the pollen with ~5 % broadleaved trees and ~10 % of other pollen. In the following 1500 years Betula and Pinus normalized their share to ~40 %, while broadleaved trees establish themselves at ~17 %. The broadleaved tree species are made up of Alnus (~9 %), Corylanus (~7 %) and Ulmus (1 %). After the establishment of a pine-dominated forest with a broadleaved tree mix of Alnus, Betula and Corylanus, the pollen record shows a change in composition within the broadleaved tree pollen. Starting in 7300 BP Alnus, Ulmus as well as Corylanus pollen begin to decrease and Quercus as well as Tilia pollen begin to increase, Tilia reaches 2 % from 6200 BP to 4200 BP and Quercus steadily increases to at peak 3.5 % in 2700 BP. This change in broadleaved tree composition is a result of a shift towards a warmer and drier climate (Giesecke, 2005). The establishment of Tilia is a key indicator for HTM (Seppä et al. 2005). Shortly after the peak of Quercus pollen in 2400 BP the fraction of Betula pollen begins to decline and reaches ~22 % by 1000 BP, which coincides with the appearance of Picea pollen in the sediment. Picea pollen reaches 18 % in 1500 BP and declines thereafter to 2 % in 400 BP. 500 BP marks the beginning of overall decreasing tree pollen to ~80 % in 200 BP. At the same time Juniperus, anthropochores as well as apophytes appear in the pollen record. Juniperus is also used to indicate the opening of the forest most often facilitated by human activity (Behre, 1981). Anthropochores and Juniperus reach 10 % and 5 % respectively in 150 BP and decrease after that. The Apophyte pollen in the Holtjärnen sediment reaches ~1% at its peak.

3.2.11 Stångtjärnen Pollen

The pollen data available for Stångtjärnen were collected from two mires in the lakes watershed. One is the larger mire situated in the depression close to the lake (~600 m), and the other is a smaller mire elevated to the west and closer to the shieling of Dammskog (Fig. 1). The dating of the peat core in the larger mire suggests an approximately 350 year gap in the record according to Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002). The hiatus indicates the regular harvesting of biomass by the farmers in the shieling. Both peat cores cover the past ~2500 years, starting with the first appearance of Picea pollen in both records. Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002) divided both cores into 3 segments; “before farming” (S2A: AD ~500 to ~1300), “farming” (S1B: AD ~1300 to ~1900) and “after farming” (S1A: AD ~1900 to present). These segments can be found in both mires and match the segmentation in the sediment for this study. Segment S2A (~500 BC to AD ~1300) shows a mix of Betula, Pinus, Picea and several broadleaved tree species. The field-layer consists of herbs and low counts of shrubs (Calluna, Ericaceae or Juniperus). Minor counts of charcoal in both mires indicate rare occurrences of fire (Segerström and Emanuelsson, 2002). Cereals and other pollen indicating anthropogenic influence are absent from S2. Both mires feature increasing Melampyrum and herb pollen in the last 500 years of S2A. In the beginning of segment S1B (AD ~1300 to ~1900) the tree pollen count decreases at the cost of mostly Betula, Picea and broadleaved trees, which disappear almost completely. Betula pollen counts decrease by 20-25% from 40% in the small mire and shrub, herbs and human-dependent species on the other hand increase their percentages. Anthropochore and cereal pollen appear in the small mire directly after AD 1300, and increase in count after AD ~1600. Shrubs (>2 %), apophytes (>3 %), Poaceae (>3 %) and Cyperaceae (>10 %) remain at high counts throughout the segment. After continuation of the peat core in the large mire in AD 1780 the pollen assemblage is similar to the small mire. Tree pollen has been reduced in favor of Pinus and at the expense of Picea and especially Betula and broadleaved tree pollen. Shrubs and herbs dominate the field-layer vegetation, while presence of human land use is indicated by cereals and other anthropochores and apophytes. There is a shift from high Poaceae pollen counts to high percentages of Cyperaceae pollen during the 1800s.

Figure 13. Pollen data (Segerström and Emanuelsson 2002) for the mires close to Skallskog. The large mire (a.) 300 m west of Skallskog and the small mire (b.) 500 m to the north.

Segment S1A (AD ~1900 to present) shows low counts or disappearance of cereals, apophytes, Poaceae and Cyperaceae. The counts of Betula remain at the same level as throughout S1B (AD ~1300 to ~1900) and some shrub/heath species increase again (Calluna, Ericaceae).

4. Discussion 4.1 Holocene development of Holtjärnen and Stångtjärnen before

Farming

The first part of the discussion encompasses the development of the two studied lakes through the Holocene. The discussion will follow the segmentation of the profiles into the sections established in the results. Catchment establishment (H5 and S5), catchment development (H4 and S4), Holocene thermal maximum (H3 and S3) and Late Holocene (H2, H1, S2 and S1). A detailed discussion of the changes in the last 3000 years, with a focus on the anthropogenic influences is the subject of discussion in 4.2 and 4.3.

4.1.1 Catchment establishment H5 and S5 (9000 BP – 10600 BP)

After the retreat of the ice both lakes show the impacts of deglaciation in the deepest segments, H5 and S5 (10600 BP to 9000 BP), in their profiles. Deglaciation in central Sweden was estimated to 10400 to 10700 BP (SGU 2015) and matches the dates calculated by Meyer-Jacob et al. (2015) and confirms the deglaciation Holtjärnens by Giesecke (2005). In both profiles the lithogenic component (PC 1 for Stångtjärnen and PC 2 for Holtjärnen), K/Al ratios and the sedimentation rate rapidly decrease in the beginning of H5 and S5 (10600 to 10000 BP). As the detrital input into the sediment decreases the organic fraction increases, seen in organic component (PC 2 in Stångtjärnen and PC 1 in Holtjärnen) and the LW-TOC. The post-glacial establishment of the catchment and lakes saw large changes in soils, terrestrial vegetation and hydrology. Following the retreat of the ice the catchments were colonized by pioneer vegetation, first open in nature, but subsequently closing. As the pollen record shows the establishment of Pinus and later Alnus in the catchment coincides with a rapid decrease in the detrital input. This showcases the stabilizing effect of terrestrial productivity on soil and catchment stability in reducing the erosional input into the lakes. The increasing productivity of the catchment vegetation and soil development is concomitant with an increase of catchment soil OM (Engström et al. 2000). Catchment wide buildup of OC is indicated in the sediments by increasing LW-TOC, Br and Cl concentrations. These results showcase the source of LW-TOC as inputs from soils and vegetation litter (Mattsson et al. 2005; Aitkenhead, Hope and Billet 1999; Kortelainen 1993) The LW-TOC in Holtjärnen is consistently lower than in Stångtjärnen, but in-lake productivity (BSi) is higher. The organic component of Holtjärnen shows that before 7300 BP, OM from in-lake productivity (BSi, chl a) was a high proportion of the sediment in contrast to Stångtjärnen (BSi: Holtjärnen: ~33 %; Stångtjärnen: ~6 %), where BSi is absent from the profile during S5 (10600 BP to 9000 BP). The absence of diatoms in Stångtjärnen could be related to anoxic waters following the deglaciation. The increases in the Fe/Mn ratio from 10400 BP to 9000 BP suggest reducing conditions in the lake (anoxia) at that time (Mackereth 1966; Engstrom and Wright 1984; Hu and others 1996). PC 2 and 3 show peaks during this time and their respective elements are organic (Br, Cl, TOC) and redox-sensitive (Fe, Mn, S and Fe/Mn), which suggests a connection between the increased production of OM in the catchment and peak in Fe, S concentration and Fe/Mn. The topography around Stångtjärnen (Fig. 1) shows flat lands to the east surrounded by elevated areas, which could have resulted in waterlogged conditions following deglaciation once the sedimentation had begun to settle. Anoxic conditions would have led to the reduction of the authigenic elements and reached the lake sediment in their reductive state. Another explanation could be the development of the mire system in the flat areas around Stångtjärnen. The buildup of OM and waterlogged condition could facilitate the redox-conditions leading to the Fe/Mn peak. A comprehensive study in global peatland dynamics identified the highest accumulation of peat in northern peatlands in the early Holocene (Yu et al. 2010). Lång-Älgsjön also showed early development of mires in its catchment after deglaciation, indicated by Sphagnum leaves in the bottom part of the profile (Meyer-Jacob et al. 2015).

4.1.2 Catchment development H4 and S4 (7000 BP - 9000 BP)

After the detrital inputs following deglaciation have stabilized, the vegetation continues to develop. More broadleaved tree species (Alnus, Quercus) establish in the regional vegetation and the terrestrial productivity continues to increase, as seen in the continued LW-TOC increases in both lakes. One reason for the productivity increases is in the establishment of Alnus. Alnus is an N fixer and shown to enhance primary production, N cycling in forests (Binkley and others 1992; Vogel and Gower 1998) and N input into aquatic systems (Goldman 1961; Engstrom and others 2000). After the anoxia in Stångtjärnen has subsided and the Fe/Mn ratio returned to normal, concentrations of P increased rapidly and with it BSi. BSi is light as well as nutrient dependent (Conley and Schelske, 2001) and the increase of P and N from weathering and OM as well as the more oxic condition help the establishment of diatoms in the Stångtjärnen. The concentrations of BSi was much lower than in Holtjärnen and lake productivity seems to be limited by the input of allochtonous OM from the catchment. At this point the lakes show different developments after their similar post glacial ontogeny, with high lithogenic inputs. The lakes’ position in the landscape and their relative size to their respective catchment informed the post-glacial development. Stångtjärnen’s position in a trough, surrounded by slopes and hills in addition to the larger C/L ratio than Holtjärnen caused a higher accumulation of material in comparison to Holtjärnen. Another important difference is the peat development at Stångtjärnen shortly after deglaciation, which markedly increased the input of allochtonous OM from the mires (Kortelainen 1993; Laudon et al. 2004). Holtjärnens position at the slope of Uvberget and much smaller C/L lead to less accumulation and overall higher production of in-lake OM, seen in the high proportion of BSi in comparison to Stångtjärnen (~18 % vs <~6 %). In the transition into H3 the Holtjärnen sediment changes drastically in the span of ~300 years (7300 BP to 7000 BP). The change is defined by an increase in OM and a drastic decrease in in-lake productivity (BSi and chl a). The lithogenic component shows an overall increase and a peak in PC scores for the transition period Fig. 8 (7300 BP to 7000 BP). A definite cause for the change is not apparent. One possible scenario is a drastic change, i.e. slump or landslide, which changed the size of the catchment or changed flowpaths within the catchment. Changes in flow paths from subsurface to surface have been shown to increase the allochtonous input into lakes (Hornberger et al. 1994), caused by increased flow through the OM rich soil horizons and not the mineral horizon where OM is known to adsorb (McDowell and Wood 1984; Striegl et al. 2005). The sedimentation rate throughout this change did not change (~11 g m-2 yr-1) and the increases in PC 1 and PC 2 can be interpreted as changes to increased mineral (PC 2: Ti, Na, K and K/Al) as well as OM (PC 1: Br, Cl and Mn) input into the sediment.

4.1.3 Holocene thermal maximum (7000 BP to 3000 BP)

Concurrent with the change in composition in Holtjärnen the HTM began. HTM describes the period of warmer (+2.0 °C) and drier climate in the Holocene (Seppä et al. 2005, 2009), in Sweden the HTM is dated to have lasted from ~7000 BP to ~4000 BP (Seppä et al. 2009). The establishment and spread of Tilia is one indicator for the HTM and the Holtjärnen pollen record shows the establishment of Tilia pollen in 7200 BP. Tilia expansion in south Sweden is dated to 8000 BP (Digerfeldt 1972, 1977; Göransson 1977; Risberg and Karlsson 1989), while 100 km south of Holtjärnen, in Ljustjärnen, the expansion was dated to ~7100 BP (Almquist-Jacobson, 1994). The change to a warmer climate favored Tilia and Quercus over other broadleaved trees (Ulmus, Corylanus). The warmer climate increased production of OM in the catchment and organic acids in the catchment soils, from decomposition of OM. Increased peatland decomposition during the HTM has been documented by Kylander et al. (2013). Most of the variation in the organic components is in authigenic elements such as Fe, Mn, which indicates an intensification of authigenic processes, while the lithogenic components are almost unchanged. The increased terrestrial production and decomposition would increase

acidity from organic acids, which in turn intensified the weathering of silicate minerals and mobilized Fe, Ca and Al (Jansen et al. 2003; Salminen 2005). Both lakes showed decreases in Al, Ca and Mg. In Holtjärnen since ~7000 BP and in Stångtjärnen beginning in ~3000 BP. The long-term gradual decrease may be an effect of the natural acidification observed in several boreal forest lakes (Renberg et al. 1993; Engström et al. 2000; Boyle 2007) through the Holocene. The HTM is the period with the highest concentration of LW-TOC in the entire profile of both lakes. These stable conditions in LW-TOC during the HTM have been found in other lakes (Rosén et al. 2011; Meyer-Jacob et al. 2015). Towards the end of the HTM the LW-TOC starts to decrease in Holtjärnen after 4000 BP in contrast to Stångtjärnen, where LW_TOC remains constant at 19.3 mg L-1 until 1000 BP. The end of the HTM came with a reduction in temperature and a shift towards a more humid climate HTM (Seppä et al. 2005, 2009). A humid climate would favor mire expansion and production of humic substances and subsequent allochtonous input, which would explain the stable LW-TOC in Stångtjärnen. Lakes studied by Rosén et al. (2005) show similar stable LW-TOC in this time and observations showing the importance of mires for the export of TOC to lakes (Kortelainen 1993; Laudon et al. 2004) would explain the stable LW-TOC in contrast to Holtjärnen. The decline in LW-TOC in Holtjärnen on the other hand may be linked to the temperature decrease and therefore reduced productivity of the terrestrial vegetation, while the Stångtjärnen mires mask this effect. As seen in the drastic changes in ~7300 BP, Holtjärnen seems to be more closely linked to the processes in the catchment, while Stångtjärnen’s mires dominate the influence on the lake.

4.1.4 The Late Holocene (<3000 BP)

Both lakes show an increase in the organic component, mainly Br and Cl, ~3000 BP in Stångtjärnen and ~2600 BP in Holtjärnen. The decrease in LW-TOC and increase in organic component is conflicting, but similar to changes observed in Storträsk, by Rantala et al. (2014), where allochtonous input increased while the LW-TOC declined. One explanation, proposed by Rantala et al. (2014) is the increase in effective precipitation from a moister and colder climate, leading to increased input of OM and higher water volume, decreasing the humic conditions. The increase of water levels in lakes over south Sweden has been established elsewhere (Korhola 1995; Seppä et al. 2005, 2009). This theory of increasing water levels diluting the LW-TOC is supported by increases in periphytic and epiphytic diatom taxa indicating increased light penetration in Storträsk (Rantala et al. 2014). Holtjärnen shows minor increases in BSi and chl a concomitant with the LW-TOC decrease, suggesting similar improving light conditions and increasing diatom productivity in Holtjärnen. The same pattern of increased productivity (BSI, chl a) with decreasing TOC was observed in Stångtjärnen in 1000 BP. In 2300 BP, with the expansion of Picea abies, changes in the catchment vegetation composition and soil chemistry influenced the geochemistry of the profiles. The proportion of broadleaved trees decreased (e.g. Betula, Quercus, Corylanus, Tilia) in favor of Picea abies. Giesecke (2005) suggested changes in the field layer of the boreal forest after Picea establishment that would increase erosional input. Substantial increases in lithogenic component were not found in either profile. Stångtjärnen shows changes in PC 3 (quality of mineral matter), but these predate Picea expansion and are more likely related to climatic changes after the end of the HTM. Holtjärnen also lacks clear signs of increased erosion following Picea establishment. The establishment of Picea abies may have contributed to an increase in the accumulation of OM (Korsman et al. 1994; Saulnier-Talbot et al. 2003; Rosén 2005). Increases in the organic component in both profiles after 2300 BP support the theory of increasing OM input from Picea expansion, while it is conflicted by the decreasing LW-TOC concentrations. The humic state of Stångtjärnen seems to be buffered by the mires in comparison to Holtjärnen, where changes in the catchment translate to more immediate changes in LW-TOC, BSi and chl a. Stångtjärnen on the other hand first shows drastic changes with the beginning

of grazing and farming in medieval times (800 BP to 500 BP), while the end of the HTM and the expansion of Picea abies had less effect on LW-TOC, BSi and chl a.

4.2 Impact of Summer Farming on Stångtjärnen

The practice of summer farming and animal husbandry has been shown elsewhere in central Sweden, such as studies at Läde (Emanuelsson 1997; Emanuellson and Segerström 1998) and Persbo (Sandberg et al. 2000; Emanuelsson and Segerström 2001) as well as Lång-Älgsjön (Meyer-Jacob et al. 2015). The earliest signs of forest grazing and farming in Sweden trace back into the Neolithic (Kvamme 1988; Sandnes 1991; Myrdal 1999; Larsson 2009), but the Viking and early middle ages were the first period of economic expansion and settlement of the inlands (Jönsson et al. 1991; Lagerås 1995, Lagerås 1996). This boom turned into recession during the late medieval crisis in 1350 (Gissel et al. 1981; Myrdal 1999; Harrison 2000), when the Black Death spread throughout Europe. The following economic recession led to an intensification of outland animal husbandry and extensive production (Myrdal 1999) in response to increasing costs, demand in labor and decrease in agrarian production and population. The central forest region and the mining district developed an economic structure that proved more resistant to the economic crisis. Emanuelsson (2001) proposed the intensification in utilization of forest resources, e.g. the intensification in animal husbandry in Värmland (Svensson 1998; Emanuelsson 2001) and Dalarna (Ersgård 1997) was linked to the economic growth in the mining district, which lead to expansions in agriculture in adjacent regions. In Larsson (2012), the development of a regional market for agricultural commodities, such as hides, fur and wool was named as a reason for the growth of forest grazing and summer farms. The increasing market for hides, fur, charcoal, cheese from the mining district enhanced the growth of forest grazing in places like Stångtjärnen and while the importance of these niches is difficult to determine, this mix in forest utilization may have made the forest economy more resistant to crisis (Brunius 1980) and promoted trade (Svensson 1998) and expansion (Baudou 1987). In addition to the larger demand for animal products, summer farms were also a result of the increased use of marginal lands that came with the agricultural expansion in the 16th century (Söderberg and Myrdal 2002; Larsson 2012). Segerstöm and Emanuelsson (2002) demonstrated the effects of medieval animal husbandry and later cereal farming during the Middle Ages on the shieling, mires and surrounding forest. The results from Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002) combined with the geochemical results from this study demonstrate the changes in geochemistry caused by the land use of mires and forests in the Stångtjärnen catchment.

4.2.1 Before AD 1300 - 1500

The vegetation surrounding Stångtjärnen is a Pinus and Betula dominated forest with Picea established since ~2200 BP and low percentages of broadleaved trees. This, coupled with occasional charcoal findings suggest a closed forest landscape with infrequent fires (Segerström and Emanuelsson 2002). Signs of typical farming indicators such as anthropochores and apophytes are missing from the record before AD 1300. Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002) identify low counts of Melampyrum, which is a weak indicator for grazing disturbance and also populates sites after burning. Herbs, Ericaceae as well as Juniperus show elevated percentages after AD 900, suggesting some kind of disturbance in the catchment before AD 1300 - 1500. The pollen assemblage also shows a small decrease in Picea and increase in Betula after AD 900, which could indicate the opening of part of the forest for the grazing of animals. This type of indication of disturbance before the documented onset of grazing and farming has been observed in other locations with medieval land-use (Kvamme, 1988; Emanuelsson, 2000, 2001; Karlsson 2001). In AD 600 the PCA identifies changes in the geochemistry. The lithogenic component (PC 4) shows increased concentrations of K/Al and Ti (K/Al: 0.01 to >0.02; Ti: 210 to 280 ppm) between AD 600 until AD 1200. The increase is most visible in Ca concentration with a distinct

increase in AD 600 and later decrease in AD 1600. PC 3 (P, Pb, Hg, S) shows increasing in scores after AD 800, where the concentrations of P, Pb, Hg and S begin to increase. Pb and Hg are used as proxies for anthropogenic atmospheric pollution and indicate the general increase in human activity. P in lake sediments has been linked to population density by Boyle et al. (2015), where stepwise increases in P concentration coincided with the population density and settlement history of the area around Hatchmere, UK. While the atmospheric deposition gives less information about the local pollution, the disturbance indicating pollen, increase in lithogenic component and P increase suggest some kind of land-use of the forests surrounding Stångtjärnen. The utilization and cultivation of the landscape in Dalarna is known since the Viking Age (Helmfrid et al. 1994) and several locations show signs of forest grazing preceding the widespread expansion of summer farming in the medieval period (Emanuelsson 2001). The forest in Dalarna was also used for the production of charcoal. Radiocarbon dating of production locations in Dalarna identified intensification of charcoal and small scale iron production from AD 600 to 1100 (Berglund 2009). According to Riksantikvarieämbetet (2015) several “Kolningsanlägning” (kiln; Fig. 1) were found in the Stångtjärnen catchment, but this information lacks any reliable dating. The change in Picea and Betula pollen could be interpreted as signs of wood cutting for the production of charcoal, but it seems more likely that the kilns were established in the late Middle Ages together with the shieling of Brändskog.

4.2.2 Agrarian land use AD 1300 – 1500 until AD 1600 - Forest thinning and grazing

The agrarian land use at Stångtjärnen developed and changed over time. In the beginning (AD 1300 to AD 1500) the pollen records show mostly influences of systematic forest thinning and grazing. Sometime in the 15th century the haymaking on the mires commenced as seen in the hiatus of the peat profile in the large mire. With the cultivation of cereals at Skallskog and Bränskog in AD 1600 the shielings around Stångtjärnen had developed into farms themselves. The effects of land use changes on the lake sediment as well as mires are discussed in the following segments with respect to geochemistry and carbon dynamics. The decrease in LW-TOC and organic component PC 2 (Br, Cl, Fe) after AD 1300 seems to be linked with the landscape utilization in the shielings of Brändskog and Skallskog indicated in the pollen assemblage. A decrease in PC 2 scores and LW-TOC, matches the estimated onset of farming in the shielings by Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002) at AD 1300 – 1500 (700 – 500 BP). The changes in anthropogenic land use over the next centuries had significant effect on the carbon dynamics and lake sediment geochemistry. After AD 1300, the pollen assemblage shows the opening of the forest for grazing and farming. Both mire records show a decrease in Betula pollen and increase of shrub, herb and apophyte pollen (Fig. 12 and Fig. 13). These signs indicating the opening of forest have been well documented for the medieval time period in this region of Sweden, with traces back into the Iron Age (Wallin 1996; Lindbladh 1998; Emanuelsson 2001; Segerström 1996). The pollen record of Lång-Älgsjön (Meyer-Jacob et al. 2015), located 60 km southwest of Stångtjärnen, shows comparable timing (AD 1450) in anthropochore and apophyte increase. Fire was used to clear the forests and encourage open land vegetation (Jirlow 1945). The opening of the forest was necessary to encourage regeneration of palatable herbs and grasses (e.g. Poaceae) for the grazing livestock (Jirlow, 1945) and create the grazing grounds. The livestock (sheep, goats and later cattle; Montelius, 1975) grazing and trampling suppressed tree regeneration (Jefferies et a l., 1994; Austrheim & Eriksson 2001). The mire records show increased percentages of Poaceae and Juniperus after AD 1300, confirming the grazing of livestock near the mires and the use of controlled surface fires. The opening of the forest and animal grazing resulted in decreasing concentrations of LW-TOC and OM elements in the sediment from AD 1300 to AD 1600. LW-TOC concentrations in Stångtjärnen decreased from 19.7 mg L-1 with the beginning of summer farming in AD 1300 to 16 mg L-1 in AD 1800. PC 2, comprised of mostly elements associated with OM (Br, Cl) decreased after AD 1300 with Br reducing concentration from 80 ppm to 50 ppm (Fig. 10).

The transformation into open forest land significantly changed the carbon dynamics in the catchment soils and transport into Ståntjärnen. Forest thinning and the grazing of livestock reduces the biomass and decreases the litter production in the catchment, which reduces the labile organic carbon pool. Grazing and frequent fires significantly reduced the aboveground carbon pool on peatland (Ward et al. 2007). This reduction in soil organic carbon consequently reduces the production and export of TOC from the catchment into the lake. The grazing and trampling disturbance of livestock exposes fresh mineral matter, facilitating the adsorption of DOC to mineral surfaces (Kalbitz et al. 2000). These mechanisms led to the reduction in input of OM into the lake and consequent changes in the LW-TOC and PC 2 (Br, Cl). Reductions in LW-TOC concentrations connected to medieval landscape utilization have been demonstrated elsewhere (Rosén et al. 2011; Meyer-Jacob et al. 2015). In Lång-Älgsjön (Meyer-Jacob et al. 2015) the LW-TOC decreased from 18 mg L-1 to 8 mg L-1 starting in AD 1450. Lång-Älgsjön has several summer enclosures documented in the vicinity of the lake, which makes it a suitable comparison in terms of LW-TOC to Stångtjärnen. In contrast to PC 2, P (PC 1) concentrations increase with the onset of land use in AD 1300, from 880 ppm in AD 1000 to 980 ppm in 1450 and to over 1300 ppm in AD 1500. PC 1 is describing a combination of factors, which seem to be connected. First, lake productivity, represented by Chl a, P and to an extent BSi. Chl a is used as a proxy for algal productivity by Michelutti et al. (2010) and Das et al. (2005) and is dependent on P as a nutrient (Conley and Schelske 2001). Secondly, anthropogenic pollution (Hg, Pb, S and Zn) represents the increasing influence of anthropogenic disturbance. The positive loading of Ti, K and K/Al indicates a mineral component as well. The positive loading of P in PC 1 and not PC 2 seems to indicate that P association with anthropogenic input is stronger than OM. In this case the association with Hg and Pb does not mean atmospheric input of P into the lakes, but anthropogenic driven input of P. The intensification of the land use around Stångtjärnen seems to increase the P input. Boyle et al. (2015) documented the increase in P and Ti concentrations in a UK lake with changes in land cover, archeological activity and population density increase. Boyle et al. (2015) findings would suggest that the increasing concentrations of P are related to the agricultural cultivation of the Stångtjärnen catchment. Human activity has been shown to increase soil P pools (Heijcman et al. 2013; Holliday and Gartner 2007) and grazing was documented to concentrate P in one spot and promote runoff (Jewell et al. 2007). Boyle et al. (2015) correlation between P and Ti loading suggests that part of the transport of P into the lake is erosional. This would explain the positive loading of Ti for PC 1. The increase in P and Ti alongside increasing land-use in the Stångtjärnen catchment, suggests partly erosional input of P and Ti into the lake sediment from disturbance by grazing pressure, cereal farming as well as construction of enclosures and sheds. The map shows a stream draining the area of the Brändskog shieling as a possible conduit for the transport. Several houses and stables are documented in the shielings surrounding Stångtjärnen, which had developed into full fletched farms by 17th century and represented an intensive influence on the catchment of Stångtjärnen, as seen from these results. The concentrations of P decreased again to pre-farming concentrations (750 ppm) after AD 1890, which marked the cessation of the fäbod-system in Sweden (Larsson et al. 2012).

4.2.3 Agrarian land use AD 1300 – 1500 until AD 1600 - Effects of mire exploitation

Mires were an important part of the system of summer farming. Apart from hay-making, peat was a useful resource in the pre-industrial agricultural society (van Dam 2001). The large mire shows a hiatus in the peat core which is attributed to peat cutting by Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002). According to the age model the growth of peat stopped or was removed down to AD ~1450 and substantial amounts of new peat did not form until AD ~1800. The drastic change towards lower peat humification and higher percentage in aquatic pollen after the hiatus suggest the peat formed under wetter conditions (Blackford & Chambers 1993; Mauquoy & Barber 2002; Booth & Jackson 2003). The construction of a dam to manage the waterlevel in the mires surrounding the shielings is plausible, considering the remnants of

dams have been found on other cultivated mires (Segerström et al. 1996; Emanuelsson 2001; Campbell 1948; Frödin 1952). The manipulation of the water level in mires was also used to manage mire vegetation and increase hay production, e.g. use of flooding to remove woody plants (Vasari 1988). It is therefore unlikely that the mire in Skallskog was used for peat cutting and more likely that the hiatus in peat stems from water manipulation in order improve hay-production, which led to frequent aeration and wetting of the peat, increasing the decomposition. The hay-making had several effects on mires. The selective cutting led to a reduction of shrubs, herbs and increased the proportion of graminoids (e.g. Cyperaceae) (Moen et al. 1999). Hay-making results in loss of above-ground biomass through harvest but also belowground biomass, due to the stress exerted on the plants by periodic cutting to mobilize resources for new shoots (Moen et al. 1999). The recurring aeration and rewetting depending on season or from the intentional altering of the water levels accelerates the decay of peat and reduces peat growth (Elveland and Sjöberg 1982). Since Stångtjärnen is connected to the mire system of the large mire, the cultivation would lead to a reduction in organic input, based on the decreased biomass and litter production on the mires and increased decomposition from water-level manipulation. The decline in the organic component (PC 2) after AD 1550 and the following 200 years of minimum concentrations suggest a link between the hay-making practices and the lowered allochtonous input into Ståntjärnen. The strong decline after AD 1550 would suggest that the hay-making started at that time with ~200 years of cultivation of the mires indicated by the low concentrations and PC 2 values. The loss of biomass from hay-making, increased decomposition on the cultivated mires, removal due to cutting and damming reduced the export of OM into lake Stångtjärnen. PC 2 as well as K/Al increase again from AD 1800 coinciding with the continuation of the peat core.

4.2.4 Changes in land use and decline from AD 1600 to 1920

The intensified cultivation of cereals began in the shielings of Stångtjärnen after AD 1600, seen by the increase in anthropochores in the small mire (>1%), even though small amounts can be found in the small mire since the onset of grazing. Cereals make up most of the anthropochore pollen in the pollen assemblage (Table 1). Together with the cereal pollen Chenopodiaceae pollen is another well-established indicator of field agriculture of rye and barley on tilled and manured fields (Behre 1981; Hicks 1985; Viklund 1998; Emanuelsson 2001). In the organic component PC 2, the period between AD 1600 and 1800 shows the lowest scores, while the lithogenic component PC 3 starts to increase during this time. The components and pollen data taken together with the continued elevated concentrations of P, suggests the intensification of agriculture in the Stångtjärnen shielings. The continued grazing, hay-cutting and now cereal cultivation is reducing the allochtonous input into the lake, while the erosional input seems to have increased, based on the increases in K/Al and PC 3, which is probably related to the tilling of the established cereal fields and the construction of houses in the shielings. Brändskog (11 ha) and Skallskog (13 ha) were two of the largest summer farms in terms of cultivated fields in the Leksand parish according to tax documents from the 18th century (Montelius 1975). With the continuation of the peat core in the large mire, the pollen assemblage gives insights into land use changes on the shielings and the mire itself. The high percentages of Poaceae indicate that the south slope at Skallskog was used as a dry meadow and regularly cut, favoring Poaceae. The sudden decline after AD 1800 suggest that this meadow was transformed into a pasture. The economic reason for this transformation could be the increase in livestock. Tax records for Leksand show the increase in animals until 1880. Larsson (2012) showed similar increase in animal numbers. Increased erosion following the transformation to pasture in the catchment can be seen in the increasing K/Al ratio and sedimentation rate after AD ~1800. What follows is an increase in Cyperaceae pollen on the large mire (Fig. 12), indicating an increase in hay-making on the mires to meet winter fodder demands. The agricultural land use intensified in this time period and the fäbod system reached its peak. During the 18th and beginning of the 19th century summer farms were integral to the agricultural system of central Sweden, filling the role as summer pasture and source of winter fodder for the livestock (Larsson 2012). Over the course of the 19th century the use of summer farms began to decline

for a number of reasons (Larsson 2012, 2011). The value of forests as sources of wood increased and the change to rotation farming decreased the need for dedicated summer farms, since fodder could now be produced on the same field as crops. Labor was harder to find and the costs of maintaining summer farms led to more and more abandonments (Montelius 1975). By the beginnings of the 20th century the practice of summer farms had ended in most regions (Hafsten 1992; Karlsson 2001; Hansson et al. 2005; Berglund et al. 2009). First slowly, the abandonment of summer farms accelerated when the 20th began. The number of livestock decreased after 1880, from ~5160 cows, ~10000 sheep and ~3100 goats in 1880 to ~4890 cows, ~6500 sheep and ~1700 goats in 1900 (Montelius 1975). Cultivation and grazing in Skallskog ended in 1900 (Emanuelsson, 2001; Segerström and Emanuelsson, 2002). Both mire records show decreases in anthropochores and apophytes and increases in tree pollen, signifying the establishment of a new forest field layer of open landscape herbs, maintained by logging and forest management. This forest is significantly different from the forest before farming began, in that deciduous trees have almost completely disappeared and the percentage of Betula has been reduced. The sediment profile reflects this change to forestry in increasing K/Al ratio and lithogenic elements from AD 1900 onwards. The summer farming and grazing for the past 500 to 600 years had significant changes on the vegetation as well as the carbon dynamics in Stångtjärnen.

4.3 Is there an anthropogenic impact (e.g. land use) on the geochemistry of Lake Holtjärnen?

The changes in the geochemistry of the Holtjärnen sediment seem to be more driven by climatic variation throughout the late Holocene. Stångtjärnen showed no changes in LW-TOC and productivity before AD 1300, while Holtjärnen showed decreases in LW-TOC in the cooling following the HTM (after 4000 BP) as well as increased Br and chl a concentration after the establishment of Picea in ~2400 BP. The climatic cooling after the end of the HTM and vegetation changes seem to have had a greater influence on Holtjärnen than Stångtjärnen. Similar to Stångtjärnen, LW-TOC and Br in the Holtjärnen profile decreased after 1500 and Ti increased in concentration, indicating a disturbance in the catchment. The principal components from both lakes show differences in component ranking however, while the lithogenic component in Stångtjärnen explained 12% of the variation, in Holtjärnen the lithogenic component explained 32% of the variance together with parts of the OM related elements as negative loading. From this Holtjärnen seems to be more influenced by the lithogenic portion and to a lesser extent by the organic, which emphasizes the important role of the Stångtjärnen mire systems on the input into the lake in contrast to Holtjärnen, which located at the slope is more influenced by lithogenic input. Still, the pollen record of Holtjärnen also showed the opening of the forest layer and anthropogenic disturbance after AD 1500. The sum tree percentage in Holtjärnen decreased at the cost of Pinus and Picea, while Betula decreased more in Stångtjärnen, which was related to the water alteration in the mires. At the same time both pollen records show increased Alnus percentages and the opening of the forests. Apophytes, herbs as well as anthropochores increased after AD 1400 in Holtjärnen, similar to Stångtjärnen, even Cyperaceae increased slightly, but due to lack of hay-cultivation does not exceed 3 %. The increase in Cyperaceae could be due to the opening of the forest or an indication of hay-making in the mires to the east (400 m) of Holtjärnen (Fig 1). Both pollen records show the opening of the forest and grazing indicating signs at both locations, but only the Stångtjärnen catchment continued to be intensely influenced by agriculture, while the anthropogenic disturbance around Holtjärnen remained as grazing and maybe some cereal farming in the vicinity, indicated by <1% proportion of cereal pollen in the record. There were several shielings in the area of ~3 km around Holtjärnen: Nålberg to the northwest, Östanmor and Backen to the south and Kråkbodarna and Prästgnet to the north (Montelius 1975). Pollen from these shielings could have caused the increase in cereal pollen in Holtjärnen, given the low counts (<12 for Secale cereale). In several studies (Sugita 1999; Hjelle and Sugita 2011) the relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) in an open or semi-open landscape was estimated to 900 – 1100 m for lakes

with a radius of 100 m. In addition to the RSAP an estimated 35 % to 45 % is coming from outside this area for a lake the size of Holtjärnen (Sugita 1994). Secale cereale produces more pollen than other cereals (Wolfenbarger 1946) and was the most common cultivated cereal in this time which makes it plausible that some of the pollen originated from the surrounding shielings, considering the overall openness of the Swedish forest at this time (AD ~1500 to ~1800). Nevertheless some production of Secale cereale in closer vicinity (<1 km) to the Holtjärnen catchment seems plausible considering the indicators of grazing and the fact that most of the marginal land was used in the central forest region of Sweden during the expansion of summer farms in AD 1500 to 1700 (Larsson, 2012). The land-use at Holtjärnen lacks the intensity of the agricultural activity in Stångtjärnen and instead shows the extent of land-use in the Late Middle Ages into sites like Holtjärnen, which in an upland setting was harder to reach than Stångtjärnen and the topography and abundance of boulders and till makes it land with low agricultural value. During the expansion of the fäbod system, the use of marginal land, like the Holtjärnen catchment, was driving the expansion. The land use of the time encompassed almost the entire accessible land in central and southern Sweden seen in the transformation of the forests from partly deciduous to mostly coniferous forest (Lindbladh 1998). Similar to Stångtjärnen and other locations with documented summer farming (Emanuelsson, 2001), the Holtjärnen pollen record shows decreases in apophytes and anthropochores and a closing of the forest layer after the middle of the 19th century. The last 100 years of the profile are dominated by strong increases in lithogenic elements and pollution indicating elements Pb and Hg. These developments match the conditions in Stångtjärnen and show the increasing influence of the forestry that became the main land use of the Swedish forests and anthropogenic industrial pollution.

4.4 Conclusions

In this multiproxy study the influence of natural processes on the development of two lakes in the forest region of Sweden throughout the Holocene were investigated. In addition to the natural processes a detailed study of the influences of historic land-use in the Middle Ages established links between land-use in the shielings and changes in the geochemistry of the lake sediments. Following deglaciation the two lakes main influences were the lithogenic inputs into the lake and the continuous buildup of OM from the establishing vegetation. In the initial phase after deglaciation, both lakes differed quite significantly. In the Stångtjärnen catchment mire development began almost immediately following deglaciation, seen in strong LW-TOC and OM (Br, Cl) increases and Fe/Mn ratio indicating anoxia and water logging. Holtjärnen on the other hand was characterized as a more productive lake, with diatom (BSi) and to an extent algal (chl. a) OM dominating the composition of the lake sediment. With the transition into the HTM the two lakes became more similar. Holtjärnen transitioned into a more humic lake, with higher LW-TOC and more importance of allochtonous OM, while BSi decreased drastically. In Stångtjärnen, the mires had established by this point and informed the composition of the sediment. The proxies during the HTM show little changes in both lake profiles, with changes in authigenic processes and high stable LW-TOC concentrations characterizing both profiles. With the end of the HTM the temperature decrease and overall more labile and humid climate led to decreases in LW-TOC and increases in lake productivity in Holtjärnen, while Stångtjärnen remained mostly unaffected. The changes in climate seem to affect Holtjärnen more directly than Stångtjärnen, which is believed to be caused by the buffering effect of the mires surrounding the latter lake, while Holtjärnen is more directly affected by the changes in the catchment. This observation is in line with the hypothesized closer link of the Holtjärnen sediment to the catchment processes in contrast to Stångtjärnens, where changes in the mire system seems to drive most the changes in the sediment. The second part of this study was the effects of land use changes related to forest grazing and summer farming in the Stångtjärnen shielings on the geochemistry of the lake sediment. With hypothesis II a reduction in LW-TOC and organic element in the sediment concomitant with the establishment of the shielings around Stångtjärnen was expected. This has been observed

in other lakes in the region already and decreases in LW-TOC as well as Br and Cl confirm the hypothesis II. I further took a closer look at the changes and processes that took place in the shielings with help of the pollen records collected by Segerström and Emanuelsson (2002). The opening of the forest was apparent from the pollen record and mirrored the timings in other locations with forest grazing. The beginning of forest grazing was accompanied by decreases in LW-TOC, organic elements and increases in P, lithogenic elements and pollution indicating Pb and Hg. The hiatus in the peat core after AD ~1420 was linked to strong decreases in the organic component of the Stångtjärnen sediment and was interpreted as the consequence of biomass removal and alteration of the carbon cycling in the mires by hay-making. The intensification of land-use in the Stångtjärnen shieling was identified when cereal cultivation began at the shielings after AD ~1600. The intensification of activity was linked to increased z-scores of PC 1, which has positive loadings for P and the passively plotted Pb and Hg. The effects of the land-use in the sediment reversed, when the farming and grazing ceased in the shielings in AD ~1900. In the Holtjärnen sediment the effects of anthropogenic land-use were also present, but to a smaller extent, while the reduction in the organic component were evident, it explained less variation (~12 %) than in Stångtjärnen (~24 %). Moreover, the land-use at Holtjärnen was limited to forest grazing and probably some influence of cereal farming, indicated by Secale cereale pollen, in the closer vicinity (<1 km) or from the shielings at 3 km distance. Overall hypothesis III was confirmed because no direct signs of land-use were found in the geochemistry of the sediment. The comparison between the two lakes displayed the intensive influence of land-use on a local scale on the catchment and lake in Stångtjärnen, showcased by changes in sediment geochemistry and pollen records of the adjacent mires, while the changes in Holtjärnen exemplified the wide-ranging utilization of the landscape by humans starting after the late medieval crisis in the forest grazing system. These findings show the anthropogenic influence on the environment, by linking land-use changes in the shielings determined by pollen to changes in the sediment and the different land-use intensities in both lakes, by varying intensity of changes in the sediment profiles. Furthermore, the importance in understanding a lakes position in the landscape and how it affects the development in response to natural processes. The PCA helped to identify differences in components that explained most of the variation in the profiles (organic PC 1 in Holtjärnen, while PC 1 in Stångtjärnen was lithogenic). Understanding the past influences of human disturbance is important to understand the

context of the changes happening today and the extent of preindustrial anthropogenic

influence on the landscape and alteration of the forests by widespread grazing and farming.

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Richard Bindler for the opportunity to study this topic and giving me the

time that I needed. Johan Rydberg, Carsten Meyer-Jacob for introducing me into the lab-work

and Erik Myrstener for the help handling radiocarbon dating. Furthermore, Ulf Segerström for

providing the pollen data and Sofia Ninnes and Dominique Meyer, for asking how it is going.

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Attachments Attachment 1. Stångtjärnen data set Part 1 AD BP depth Na (%) Mg (%) Al (%) Si (%) P (PPM)S (%) Cl (PPM) K (%) Ca (%) Ti (PPM) Mn (PPM) Fe (%) Zn (PPM) Br (PPM) Sr (PPM) Pb (ppm) Hg (ppb) K/Al Si detr (%)Bsi (%) LW-TOC (mg L-1)chl a mg g-1CO2 (%) Fe/Mn

2011 4 0.0 0.08 0.05 1.5 11.3 1968 0.95 743 0.17 0.93 438 299 4.8 59 77.8 22 57 483 0.12 62.8 0.0162

2009 6 0.5 0.08 0.04 1.7 12.6 1331 0.84 514 0.20 0.88 603 273 4.6 76 76.5 18 59 483 0.12 60.36 0.0167

2007 8 1.0 0.08 0.04 1.8 12.8 1229 0.90 494 0.20 0.89 600 303 4.6 102 89 25 72 468 0.11 59.7 0.0152

2004 11 1.5 0.07 0.04 1.8 12.3 1007 1.01 450 0.17 0.95 535 322 4.7 105 77.8 24 71 476 0.10 60.37 0.0147

2002 13 2.0 0.12 0.05 2.0 11.9 936 1.38 407 0.21 1.02 581 347 5.5 147 78 35 89 460 0.10 8.1 3.8 17.2 0.035 59.2 0.0157

2000 15 2.5 0.11 0.05 2.1 12.2 971 1.44 375 0.23 0.99 643 341 5.5 139 76.9 37 101 449 0.11 58.23 0.0162

1998 17 3.0 0.10 0.05 2.1 12.1 876 1.66 354 0.23 0.96 642 320 5.4 138 58.1 28 93 445 0.11 58.54 0.0168

1995 20 3.5 0.12 0.04 2.1 12.8 887 2.13 351 0.22 0.92 627 313 6.0 162 57.6 33 113 405 0.10 55.54 0.0193

1993 22 4.0 0.24 0.07 2.7 16.7 858 1.13 246 0.55 0.80 1206 277 4.3 99 32.4 34 78 337 0.21 49.1 0.0156

1990 25 4.5 0.15 0.05 2.4 13.7 877 1.83 315 0.33 0.91 816 327 5.6 161 48.9 37 113 362 0.13 53.75 0.0172

1988 27 5 0.22 0.06 2.4 17.4 812 1.03 227 0.53 0.80 1063 276 4.1 98 39 35 74 301 0.22 48.58 0.0150

1982 33 6 0.05 0.02 1.9 15.7 786 1.29 339 0.13 0.97 460 326 5.3 135 45.6 27 99 366 0.07 52.02 0.0161

1976 39 7 0.04 0.03 1.9 16.1 853 1.13 338 0.12 1.00 460 335 5.2 138 50.5 30 112 396 0.06 9.6 6.5 13.9 0.031 51.33 0.0155

1969 46 8 0.05 0.03 2.0 15.5 850 0.92 358 0.13 1.04 489 343 5.1 136 49.2 29 114 368 0.06 52.62 0.0149

1962 53 9 0.06 0.04 2.3 15.2 929 0.80 358 0.17 1.05 597 362 5.3 150 47.3 29 113 320 0.07 52.42 0.0147

1953 62 10 0.06 0.03 2.4 15.2 973 0.72 323 0.15 1.04 578 365 5.2 148 50.6 37 122 285 0.07 52.64 0.0143

1944 71 11 0.05 0.03 2.3 15.0 991 0.69 349 0.14 1.03 545 368 5.1 143 50.6 35 116 262 0.06 53.42 0.0137

1934 81 12 0.05 0.03 2.2 15.6 947 0.68 336 0.12 1.05 506 372 5.0 127 46.6 27 101 236 0.05 52.44 0.0135

1923 92 13 0.06 0.03 2.3 16.5 968 0.66 352 0.12 1.02 519 374 5.0 114 51.1 30 112 229 0.05 10.6 5.9 15.8 0.035 50.63 0.0132

1911 104 14 0.05 0.02 2.3 15.6 985 0.65 343 0.11 1.02 495 379 4.9 119 48.9 29 108 219 0.05 52.41 0.0130

1898 117 15 0.04 0.03 2.3 15.6 1056 0.65 368 0.11 1.03 500 377 4.8 114 44.4 24 105 209 0.05 52.41 0.0129

1885 130 16 0.05 0.02 2.4 14.4 1087 0.65 343 0.10 1.04 499 387 5.1 121 49.6 31 120 204 0.04 54.43 0.0133

1870 145 17 0.04 0.02 2.4 15.1 1193 0.63 370 0.08 1.04 426 413 4.6 145 52.7 33 117 168 0.03 53.69 0.0112

1855 160 18 0.03 0.01 2.2 17.3 1090 0.61 345 0.06 0.98 380 387 4.4 131 52.2 26 95 166 0.03 9.0 8.3 16.9 0.037 50.14 0.0114

1839 176 19 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 1069 0.59 309 0.05 0.96 354 379 4.4 109 43.8 20 79 161 0.03 50.47 0.0115

1822 193 20 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.2 1116 0.59 313 0.05 0.97 336 384 4.3 117 47.7 25 84 158 0.03 50.62 0.0111

1805 210 21 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.5 1095 0.59 319 0.06 0.96 330 377 4.3 108 45 21 73 161 0.03 8.6 8.8 16.3 0.036 49.87 0.0115

1788 227 22 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1090 0.58 328 0.05 0.98 334 397 4.3 117 48.6 23 68 150 0.02 49.82 0.0109

1770 245 23 0.02 0.02 2.1 17.4 1141 0.61 336 0.05 1.00 329 405 4.4 121 50.4 23 69 152 0.02 49.73 0.0110

1751 264 24 0.04 0.01 2.0 18.8 1052 0.60 297 0.05 0.97 322 386 4.3 120 49.5 25 65 159 0.02 47.28 0.0111

1733 282 25 0.03 0.02 2.0 19.3 1052 0.59 332 0.05 0.95 350 387 4.1 103 45.1 20 56 153 0.03 46.66 0.0106

1714 301 26 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.2 1040 0.59 314 0.05 0.94 318 384 4.1 106 48.7 21 52 150 0.02 8.1 11.1 16.6 0.036 47.17 0.0106

1694 321 27 0.04 0.01 1.9 18.7 1042 0.60 339 0.04 0.97 337 400 4.3 106 53 21 54 143 0.02 47.74 0.0107

1675 340 28 0.02 0.01 1.9 17.9 1082 0.56 275 0.04 0.98 312 418 4.2 116 54.1 22 45 137 0.02 9.7 8.3 17.3 0.038 49.75 0.0099

1656 359 29 0.02 0.01 1.8 19.5 1035 0.58 328 0.04 1.00 260 427 4.2 109 47.4 21 45 138 0.02 46.47 0.0098

1637 378 30 0.03 0.01 1.8 19.1 1017 0.57 282 0.04 0.97 256 406 4.2 98 48.7 22 48 137 0.02 47.14 0.0105

1617 398 31 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.9 1009 0.56 286 0.03 0.98 238 417 4.2 95 49.6 21 48 142 0.02 9.0 10.9 17.0 0.039 45.52 0.0102

1598 417 32 0.03 0.02 1.9 19.7 1021 0.57 302 0.03 1.01 233 435 4.4 89 52 23 54 133 0.02 8.7 11.0 17.1 0.040 45.63 0.0101

1580 435 33 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1239 0.65 329 0.04 1.12 250 496 5.1 103 54.8 27 62 120 0.02 48.34 0.0102

1561 454 34 0.04 0.02 2.3 15.6 1313 0.66 351 0.03 1.21 257 542 5.5 118 63.9 35 77 135 0.01 51.35 0.0102

1542 473 35 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.3 1145 0.63 342 0.03 1.19 261 527 5.2 113 64 35 82 136 0.02 7.9 8.3 18.1 0.039 50.72 0.0099

1523 492 36 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.5 1135 0.66 353 0.03 1.23 283 542 5.0 110 58.4 33 73 148 0.01 50.42 0.0093

1503 512 37 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.1 1160 0.64 345 0.04 1.23 301 542 5.1 110 60 32 74 144 0.02 7.1 9.0 18.1 0.040 51.06 0.0095

1484 531 38 0.02 0.02 2.3 16.8 1073 0.67 334 0.04 1.15 308 500 5.3 99 56.3 28 70 138 0.02 49.48 0.0106

1463 552 39 0.04 0.03 2.2 18.2 995 0.62 351 0.04 1.21 360 505 5.0 95 53.3 26 43 121 0.02 9.0 9.2 18.2 0.038 46.81 0.0099

1443 572 40 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 966 0.57 283 0.04 1.15 257 502 4.9 104 57.1 29 34 130 0.02 49.53 0.0098

1422 593 41 0.02 0.02 2.0 18.8 979 0.60 363 0.04 1.14 241 492 4.7 98 56.5 25 26 130 0.02 9.1 9.6 17.6 0.039 46.58 0.0096

1401 614 42 0.04 0.02 2.0 17.8 1024 0.61 421 0.04 1.15 255 496 4.9 106 63.4 30 28 134 0.02 48.38 0.0099

1380 635 43 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.3 1107 0.63 365 0.04 1.23 296 541 5.1 107 62.2 27 28 129 0.02 50.82 0.0095

1359 656 44 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.7 1183 0.67 359 0.05 1.21 287 529 5.4 97 67.4 29 27 128 0.02 8.4 7.3 18.5 0.034 51.44 0.0103

1337 678 45 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.5 1217 0.68 380 0.04 1.29 279 579 5.5 103 68.8 34 27 134 0.02 51.45 0.0095

1316 699 46 0.03 0.02 2.3 14.9 1281 0.67 403 0.04 1.28 280 574 5.6 105 74.5 34 31 145 0.02 52.54 0.0098

1294 721 47 0.04 0.03 2.5 13.4 1410 0.74 421 0.04 1.35 268 611 6.1 125 80.4 34 40 135 0.02 8.3 5.1 19.1 0.034 54.75 0.0099

1272 743 48 0.03 0.02 2.3 13.0 1309 0.74 382 0.04 1.35 281 618 5.8 134 84.1 36 36 127 0.02 56.34 0.0093

1251 764 49 0.03 0.02 2.2 14.7 1138 0.65 429 0.04 1.27 255 593 5.9 119 83.3 35 40 133 0.02 52.97 0.0099

1230 785 50 0.03 0.02 2.1 14.8 1070 0.69 412 0.04 1.30 273 583 5.8 117 86.7 36 36 122 0.02 8.0 6.8 18.1 0.034 53.12 0.0099

1208 807 51 0.04 0.02 2.1 16.8 964 0.64 415 0.06 1.29 276 559 5.4 93 73.5 28 32 108 0.03 49.39 0.0097

1187 828 52 0.02 0.03 2.0 16.9 920 0.62 405 0.05 1.33 268 584 5.2 91 72.8 34 30 116 0.03 49.7 0.0089

1166 849 53 0.04 0.03 1.9 17.2 876 0.62 404 0.04 1.33 252 566 5.3 86 69.8 33 26 111 0.02 49.22 0.0093

1145 870 54 0.04 0.02 1.9 17.1 925 0.65 440 0.04 1.36 270 589 5.7 96 78.9 37 27 106 0.02 48.7 0.0096

1124 891 55 0.03 0.02 1.8 17.8 842 0.59 395 0.05 1.30 272 556 5.1 76 68.6 30 29 122 0.03 48.35 0.0091

1103 912 56 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.6 874 0.59 415 0.05 1.33 289 558 5.3 76 76.8 37 26 119 0.03 8.8 7.8 18.9 0.032 50.37 0.0096

1083 932 57 0.03 0.02 1.8 16.0 879 0.59 380 0.05 1.36 286 581 5.5 85 72.3 37 23 115 0.03 51.36 0.0095

1062 953 58 0.03 0.03 1.9 16.6 897 0.58 383 0.04 1.37 281 595 5.5 99 64.2 36 17 121 0.02 50.01 0.0092

1042 973 59 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.4 884 0.56 353 0.05 1.36 289 575 5.4 93 68.1 35 16 130 0.03 48.59 0.0094

1021 994 60 0.04 0.02 1.9 16.9 868 0.58 396 0.05 1.32 274 547 5.3 95 72.2 38 13 115 0.02 49.74 0.0097

1001 1014 61 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.9 897 0.59 391 0.04 1.37 269 570 5.5 94 76.7 39 12 98 0.02 49.45 0.0096

981 1034 62 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.8 879 0.61 464 0.03 1.38 251 579 5.3 92 78.8 37 13 89 0.02 49.84 0.0091

960 1055 63 0.04 0.02 2.0 15.8 902 0.63 446 0.04 1.43 258 593 5.6 82 83.7 41 12 93 0.02 51.2 0.0095

940 1075 64 0.04 0.03 2.1 15.5 898 0.65 402 0.05 1.52 300 629 6.0 91 80.6 43 12 93 0.02 9.1 6.4 19.1 0.028 50.87 0.0096

920 1095 65 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.1 923 0.67 436 0.03 1.54 285 642 6.2 97 87 43 8 93 0.01 51.36 0.0097

900 1115 66 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.7 872 0.61 400 0.04 1.43 291 583 5.7 100 75.3 41 8 102 0.02 51.24 0.0098

879 1136 67 0.03 0.02 2.0 17.2 836 0.57 416 0.04 1.41 306 565 5.4 96 72.6 37 7 105 0.02 48.8 0.0095

859 1156 68 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.8 796 0.55 397 0.04 1.35 272 529 5.0 81 67.1 34 7 110 0.02 48.29 0.0095

839 1176 69 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.6 877 0.58 396 0.04 1.44 292 581 5.1 84 71.4 35 8 110 0.02 50.2 0.0088

819 1196 70 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.0 831 0.57 385 0.04 1.39 279 550 5.5 81 84.8 43 11 112 0.02 50.82 0.0100

798 1217 71 0.04 0.03 2.2 15.9 881 0.59 415 0.04 1.49 275 583 5.7 93 76.1 35 8 104 0.02 50.42 0.0097

778 1237 72 0.03 0.03 2.3 15.3 897 0.62 440 0.03 1.46 283 576 5.6 88 74.9 39 6 99 0.01 51.88 0.0096

757 1258 73 0.03 0.03 2.2 15.3 867 0.59 432 0.03 1.51 302 584 5.3 74 74.7 35 8 103 0.01 52.19 0.0091

737 1278 74 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.2 900 0.58 425 0.03 1.47 312 564 5.3 57 68.7 30 7 110 0.01 52.23 0.0095

716 1299 75 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.8 861 0.55 404 0.03 1.34 261 513 5.2 61 70.8 30 9 119 0.01 9.7 7.1 19.4 0.028 49.35 0.0101

696 1319 76 0.05 0.02 2.3 16.8 808 0.56 386 0.03 1.31 248 500 5.0 77 69.8 32 6 114 0.01 49.74 0.0099

675 1340 77 0.03 0.02 2.1 18.8 751 0.54 356 0.03 1.23 236 464 4.8 101 64.1 27 7 110 0.02 46.25 0.0104

654 1361 78 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.3 803 0.56 359 0.03 1.33 249 497 5.1 94 70 32 7 95 0.01 50.75 0.0102

633 1382 79 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.5 766 0.53 306 0.03 1.29 240 491 4.8 82 70.7 32 8 88 0.01 48.66 0.0099

612 1403 80 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.1 765 0.53 330 0.03 1.30 246 494 5.0 77 72.1 35 9 90 0.01 49.05 0.0102

591 1424 81 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 721 0.52 346 0.03 1.31 236 484 4.9 72 64.5 31 5 108 0.01 48.35 0.0101

569 1446 82 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.7 731 0.57 325 0.03 1.30 207 465 4.6 74 64.3 28 5 108 0.01 48.62 0.0098

548 1467 83 0.03 0.02 2.2 17.6 771 0.54 322 0.03 1.34 220 493 4.8 76 61.9 31 8 102 0.01 48.42 0.0097

526 1489 84 0.03 0.02 2.4 16.9 864 0.58 354 0.03 1.42 239 516 5.1 106 67.1 36 6 110 0.01 48.96 0.0099

504 1511 85 0.04 0.03 2.5 15.2 868 0.60 383 0.03 1.52 243 555 5.5 110 67.7 38 7 95 0.01 11.1 6.3 19.4 0.027 51.56 0.0098

482 1533 86 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.4 708 0.55 360 0.03 1.34 211 491 5.1 97 65.5 31 8 96 0.01 48.53 0.0104

459 1556 87 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.4 794 0.59 360 0.03 1.49 232 557 5.5 106 69.3 33 8 103 0.01 47.5 0.0098

437 1578 88 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.7 799 0.63 363 0.02 1.52 224 555 5.8 94 65.5 30 7 93 0.01 50.3 0.0105

414 1601 89 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 767 0.61 325 0.03 1.39 215 510 5.8 109 76.4 35 7 94 0.01 46.53 0.0114

391 1624 90 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 732 0.57 344 0.03 1.34 225 493 5.5 119 74.3 35 9 93 0.01 46.17 0.0111

368 1647 91 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.4 760 0.56 360 0.03 1.40 211 511 5.3 115 71 33 6 100 0.01 45.79 0.0103

345 1670 92 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 710 0.56 353 0.02 1.43 205 503 5.4 107 75.2 38 7 85 0.01 46.29 0.0107

321 1694 93 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.4 749 0.55 372 0.03 1.38 198 475 5.0 85 70 33 8 82 0.01 48.12 0.0105

297 1718 94 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.9 757 0.55 336 0.03 1.39 206 485 5.2 89 69.5 33 8 84 0.01 46.99 0.0107

273 1742 95 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.6 764 0.56 316 0.03 1.43 210 505 5.1 88 65.2 35 5 90 0.01 9.7 7.9 19.5 0.028 47.55 0.0101

248 1767 96 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.5 737 0.58 347 0.03 1.42 208 496 5.0 93 61.9 31 9 97 0.01 46 0.0101

223 1792 97 0.04 0.03 2.4 16.8 768 0.58 333 0.03 1.47 239 510 5.5 116 71.5 36 9 105 0.01 48.49 0.0107

198 1817 98 0.05 0.03 2.4 16.8 775 0.59 366 0.03 1.49 220 520 5.3 108 79.8 37 14 94 0.01 10.9 5.9 19.4 0.027 48.72 0.0101

173 1842 99 0.04 0.03 2.5 17.5 760 0.58 379 0.03 1.48 225 502 5.0 82 75.7 33 12 101 0.01 47.69 0.0100

147 1868 100 0.03 0.03 2.6 17.2 823 0.63 367 0.03 1.61 244 556 5.4 80 86.1 41 14 94 0.01 11.0 6.2 19.4 0.030 47.15 0.0097

41 1974 105 0.02 0.03 2.6 17.3 748 0.56 350 0.03 1.51 227 459 4.6 97 76.6 37 8 97 0.01 48.34 0.0100

-70 2085 109 0.03 0.03 2.6 16.4 681 0.54 355 0.03 1.55 231 454 4.5 69 64.4 30 4 79 0.01 8.9 7.5 19.3 0.027 50.66 0.0098

-186 2201 113 0.02 0.04 2.8 16.5 634 0.52 352 0.03 1.54 234 433 4.4 85 65.7 34 7 91 0.01 49.93 0.0103

-305 2320 117 0.04 0.04 3.0 15.2 767 0.54 348 0.03 1.66 262 461 4.7 103 67 33 7 95 0.01 51.81 0.0101

-428 2443 121 0.02 0.04 3.0 17.0 687 0.51 309 0.03 1.62 265 427 4.1 81 59.8 29 6 98 0.01 10.5 6.5 19.4 0.030 49.02 0.0095

-555 2570 125 0.03 0.04 2.9 17.9 720 0.50 309 0.04 1.53 274 414 3.9 79 62.6 34 7 87 0.01 47.65 0.0093

-684 2699 129 0.02 0.04 3.1 15.9 798 0.54 319 0.03 1.76 258 462 4.2 100 66.4 42 11 97 0.01 10.4 5.5 19.3 0.032 50.55 0.0092

-749 2764 131 0.03 0.04 3.2 15.0 817 0.54 321 0.03 1.78 277 469 4.2 91 61.1 44 8 115 0.01 52.27 0.0090

-782 2797 132 0.04 0.04 3.1 14.4 681 0.50 305 0.03 1.68 249 435 4.0 86 61.6 40 9 124 0.01 54.32 0.0092

-815 2830 133 0.04 0.05 3.3 14.2 797 0.53 340 0.03 1.81 263 475 4.3 101 56.2 45 5 107 0.01 53.63 0.0090

-848 2863 134 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.6 836 0.55 322 0.03 1.84 261 467 4.3 112 60.5 43 7 114 0.01 52.41 0.0092

-881 2896 135 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.4 806 0.59 339 0.03 1.77 266 445 4.2 103 59.4 36 6 109 0.01 51.31 0.0095

-915 2930 136 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.8 802 0.59 338 0.04 1.79 269 451 4.2 91 62.7 34 8 97 0.01 50.28 0.0093

-948 2963 137 0.03 0.04 3.3 15.0 816 0.59 343 0.04 1.84 277 469 4.2 96 66.8 42 10 98 0.01 8.7 6.2 19.3 0.032 51.99 0.0090

-981 2996 138 0.03 0.05 3.2 15.5 792 0.58 355 0.04 1.81 286 451 4.3 105 65 42 7 123 0.01 50.89 0.0095

-1015 3030 139 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.2 876 0.60 352 0.03 1.91 280 476 4.1 85 59.6 37 6 99 0.01 51.29 0.0087

-1049 3064 140 0.05 0.05 3.5 15.7 855 0.58 341 0.04 1.86 279 458 4.0 88 53.1 36 7 109 0.01 50.34 0.0087

-1082 3097 141 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.7 786 0.53 287 0.04 1.77 264 446 3.8 79 49.1 37 4 117 0.01 53.34 0.0084

-1116 3131 142 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 933 0.60 354 0.04 1.88 271 459 4.0 86 50.9 39 6 119 0.01 53.39 0.0086

-1150 3165 143 0.03 0.05 3.5 13.5 919 0.59 355 0.05 1.83 277 434 3.6 69 41.1 26 4 120 0.01 55.86 0.0082

-1184 3199 144 0.04 0.05 3.4 13.7 853 0.54 314 0.03 1.80 258 445 3.8 82 47.7 36 5 104 0.01 55.34 0.0086

-1218 3233 145 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.5 781 0.51 310 0.04 1.68 265 403 3.8 56 46.6 34 3 91 0.01 9.2 6.3 18.2 0.034 52.11 0.0094

-1252 3267 146 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.2 778 0.52 309 0.04 1.69 284 407 3.5 82 42 27 4 102 0.01 52.92 0.0087

-1286 3301 147 0.04 0.04 3.2 15.3 747 0.50 303 0.04 1.69 281 420 3.9 74 52.7 39 5 92 0.01 52.35 0.0092

-1320 3335 148 0.04 0.04 3.3 15.3 777 0.51 295 0.03 1.72 270 405 3.7 100 53.3 39 5 106 0.01 52.43 0.0091

-1354 3369 149 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.4 779 0.49 298 0.04 1.67 272 398 3.5 67 46.4 33 5 81 0.01 50.49 0.0088

-1388 3403 150 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 804 0.49 287 0.04 1.71 277 401 3.5 40 44.6 38 4 82 0.01 50.03 0.0087

-1422 3437 151 0.02 0.05 3.3 15.5 786 0.47 283 0.04 1.68 266 402 3.5 60 48.3 42 6 101 0.01 52.34 0.0087

-1456 3471 152 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.7 791 0.48 277 0.04 1.65 271 393 3.5 42 46.3 37 6 95 0.01 49.61 0.0090

-1491 3506 153 0.03 0.04 3.2 16.8 755 0.47 268 0.04 1.65 266 393 3.4 25 42.2 33 1 97 0.01 49.82 0.0088

-1525 3540 154 0.02 0.05 3.1 17.7 742 0.46 285 0.04 1.61 284 375 3.4 64 41.8 33 3 114 0.01 48.09 0.0090

-1559 3574 155 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.6 728 0.47 278 0.04 1.61 276 368 3.3 80 39.2 27 4 100 0.01 9.9 7.7 18.8 0.031 48.66 0.0090

-1593 3608 156 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.3 750 0.47 295 0.04 1.65 270 386 3.5 66 40.7 29 4 97 0.01 48.97 0.0089

-1628 3643 157 0.03 0.05 3.1 17.2 778 0.47 285 0.04 1.66 284 382 3.5 77 40.8 33 6 91 0.01 48.89 0.0092

-1662 3677 158 0.04 0.04 3.1 16.7 773 0.49 291 0.04 1.71 287 399 3.6 83 37.9 27 7 109 0.01 49.81 0.0090

-1696 3711 159 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.4 777 0.48 258 0.04 1.77 297 405 3.6 59 38.6 32 4 84 0.01 50.27 0.0088

-1730 3745 160 0.03 0.04 3.3 16.0 807 0.48 286 0.04 1.78 294 412 3.6 35 43.3 36 5 80 0.01 9.5 6.5 18.9 0.032 50.95 0.0087

-1765 3780 161 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.6 824 0.50 279 0.04 1.72 286 392 3.5 88 44.2 38 6 131 0.01 49.75 0.0089

-1799 3814 162 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.8 863 0.52 271 0.04 1.72 296 397 3.3 145 45.2 39 6 134 0.01 51.81 0.0084

-1834 3849 163 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 855 0.52 296 0.04 1.77 299 407 3.6 110 48.6 38 6 119 0.01 50.61 0.0089

-1868 3883 164 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 869 0.51 300 0.04 1.79 297 405 3.5 67 41.6 31 5 101 0.01 49.95 0.0086

-1903 3918 165 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.0 824 0.49 295 0.03 1.77 288 405 3.5 77 46.5 41 6 96 0.01 51.25 0.0087

-1937 3952 166 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.0 829 0.50 302 0.04 1.79 305 401 3.6 110 41.6 37 6 106 0.01 50.93 0.0089

-1972 3987 167 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.4 858 0.50 266 0.04 1.83 294 413 3.5 75 39.8 33 5 100 0.01 52.27 0.0084

-2006 4021 168 0.04 0.04 3.1 16.2 829 0.48 267 0.04 1.77 278 402 3.5 116 44 40 9 132 0.01 10.2 6.0 18.9 0.032 51.03 0.0087

-2041 4056 169 0.04 0.05 3.3 15.7 892 0.50 287 0.04 1.80 288 405 3.4 65 42.5 41 7 92 0.01 51.84 0.0083

-2075 4090 170 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.8 932 0.51 287 0.04 1.82 310 412 3.6 58 41.9 39 7 90 0.01 53.23 0.0086

-2110 4125 171 0.03 0.05 3.3 14.2 881 0.48 271 0.04 1.79 288 403 3.5 36 41 39 7 95 0.01 54.88 0.0086

-2145 4160 172 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 993 0.51 267 0.03 1.86 283 425 3.6 73 44.3 45 8 100 0.01 53.04 0.0085

-2179 4194 173 0.03 0.05 3.5 15.7 1113 0.56 278 0.03 1.79 266 414 3.7 183 45.4 38 9 132 0.01 50.81 0.0089

-2214 4229 174 0.02 0.05 3.2 15.2 1157 0.61 241 0.03 1.64 268 374 3.3 211 42.3 31 7 146 0.01 53.31 0.0088

-2249 4264 175 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 1136 0.57 281 0.04 1.88 313 436 3.7 128 42.7 39 7 117 0.01 52.81 0.0085

-2283 4298 176 0.02 0.06 3.5 15.1 1007 0.53 265 0.04 1.93 331 438 3.8 91 46.2 42 3 112 0.01 52.02 0.0086

-2318 4333 177 0.03 0.06 3.7 14.9 1047 0.55 271 0.04 1.97 295 452 3.9 105 47.8 43 6 144 0.01 51.77 0.0086

-2353 4368 178 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 928 0.50 259 0.04 1.88 302 419 3.8 98 45.1 42 5 129 0.01 9.0 5.3 19.3 0.029 53.96 0.0090

-2388 4403 179 0.04 0.05 3.6 15.0 969 0.52 272 0.04 1.90 293 427 3.7 89 42.5 36 5 111 0.01 51.98 0.0088

-2423 4438 180 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.5 908 0.50 257 0.03 1.85 294 423 3.6 98 42.4 33 6 115 0.01 53.72 0.0085

-2597 4612 185 0.04 0.05 3.6 14.2 915 0.52 244 0.03 1.87 298 449 4.4 147 51.6 48 5 121 0.01 52.84 0.0098

-2737 4752 189 0.03 0.04 3.5 15.1 880 0.51 227 0.04 1.76 284 419 4.1 117 50.8 42 2 111 0.01 10.0 5.1 18.9 0.028 51.85 0.0097

-2877 4892 193 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.9 905 0.50 233 0.03 1.78 293 425 3.8 103 44.2 35 3 108 0.01 52.7 0.0089

-3018 5033 197 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 931 0.53 218 0.03 1.86 294 420 3.8 134 46.5 38 5 113 0.01 53.77 0.0090

-3159 5174 201 0.02 0.04 3.1 16.7 933 0.53 228 0.04 1.63 299 374 3.0 147 43.6 33 7 128 0.01 50.62 0.0080

-3300 5315 205 0.03 0.04 3.4 16.4 975 0.52 234 0.04 1.70 309 383 3.0 125 42.9 34 5 121 0.01 50.85 0.0079

-3442 5457 209 0.02 0.04 3.4 16.5 980 0.49 200 0.04 1.70 291 380 2.9 97 42.1 32 5 115 0.01 9.5 7.0 18.2 0.029 50.57 0.0076

-3584 5599 213 0.02 0.04 2.9 18.8 800 0.47 225 0.03 1.56 273 353 2.8 79 40.6 30 5 113 0.01 47.18 0.0078

-3726 5741 217 0.03 0.05 3.4 16.4 1087 0.52 228 0.04 1.74 297 378 2.7 115 47.1 34 8 133 0.01 50.96 0.0072

-3869 5884 221 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.9 1085 0.54 217 0.04 1.69 303 371 2.4 70 38.4 19 4 146 0.01 10.1 6.8 16.7 0.033 50.74 0.0066

-4011 6026 225 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.8 1110 0.53 231 0.04 1.67 315 363 2.3 105 43.8 26 5 136 0.01 53.74 0.0063

-4155 6170 229 0.03 0.05 3.1 15.8 1189 0.55 204 0.04 1.72 315 380 2.3 98 47 30 4 147 0.01 53.41 0.0062

-4298 6313 233 0.03 0.05 3.4 15.4 1283 0.55 207 0.04 1.75 329 376 2.3 54 46.5 32 6 124 0.01 53.7 0.0062

-4441 6456 237 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 1410 0.55 211 0.04 1.80 394 379 2.4 78 45.1 28 3 186 0.01 9.3 4.9 17.8 0.031 55.96 0.0063

-4585 6600 241 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 1407 0.54 206 0.04 1.80 351 388 2.3 91 47.8 29 3 125 0.01 52.39 0.0060

-4729 6744 245 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.5 1512 0.62 181 0.05 1.78 333 387 2.4 87 50.5 30 4 176 0.01 53.55 0.0061

-4874 6889 249 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.6 1774 0.63 195 0.05 1.91 336 407 2.5 89 45.7 28 4 203 0.01 52.32 0.0061

-4946 6961 251 0.05 0.05 3.3 16.8 1859 0.63 183 0.05 1.84 309 369 2.1 110 46.1 32 5 187 0.02 10.3 6.4 16.3 0.032 50.95 0.0058

-5090 7105 255 0.05 0.06 3.4 17.1 1977 0.57 201 0.06 1.80 327 364 2.0 56 41.7 28 4 182 0.02 50.25 0.0054

-5235 7250 259 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.8 1927 0.55 156 0.06 1.75 312 352 1.9 117 48.7 28 3 211 0.02 51.6 0.0055

-5380 7395 263 0.03 0.05 2.9 17.9 1709 0.54 155 0.07 1.60 296 324 1.8 100 49.7 25 4 170 0.02 11.2 6.8 14.7 0.034 50.11 0.0055

-5525 7540 267 0.05 0.05 2.7 20.2 1811 0.59 166 0.09 1.58 346 318 1.7 113 50.2 19 6 187 0.03 45.64 0.0054

-5671 7686 271 0.05 0.06 3.1 18.2 2246 0.70 177 0.09 1.76 344 353 2.0 151 51.7 23 4 239 0.03 48.27 0.0057

-5816 7831 275 0.06 0.06 2.7 19.6 1961 0.60 177 0.12 1.65 357 345 1.9 148 46.8 20 5 185 0.05 46.37 0.0055

-5962 7977 279 0.09 0.06 2.4 23.0 1727 0.61 160 0.19 1.53 409 315 1.8 119 45.8 18 5 144 0.08 11.1 11.9 15.0 0.026 39.89 0.0056

-6108 8123 283 0.08 0.05 2.2 24.6 1493 0.59 177 0.19 1.42 398 291 1.7 138 46.5 20 5 135 0.09 37.31 0.0058

-6254 8269 287 0.07 0.06 2.3 22.4 1733 0.65 173 0.16 1.54 371 321 1.8 152 46 19 4 190 0.07 41.28 0.0056

-6400 8415 291 0.08 0.06 2.4 22.0 1911 0.59 197 0.18 1.66 395 361 1.8 161 51.1 21 5 112 0.07 12.1 9.9 14.7 0.029 41.86 0.0049

-6546 8561 295 0.07 0.06 2.3 20.4 1914 0.68 178 0.17 1.61 404 328 1.8 150 52.2 23 7 138 0.08 11.2 7.3 13.6 0.035 45.47 0.0056

-6693 8708 299 0.09 0.06 2.2 21.9 1857 0.67 177 0.19 1.57 400 348 1.8 164 52.4 22 4 155 0.09 42.48 0.0050

-6839 8854 303 0.05 0.06 2.2 20.2 2106 0.77 178 0.13 1.63 336 348 2.0 174 54.7 18 4 163 0.06 6.3 0.3 11.6 0.028 45.69 0.0059

-6913 8928 305 0.05 0.04 1.9 18.5 1909 0.82 174 0.11 1.51 326 412 4.4 201 60 13 3 184 0.06 46.82 0.0107

-7059 9074 309 0.06 0.05 1.5 15.6 1088 0.85 170 0.13 1.45 325 424 6.2 192 65.6 11 3 121 0.09 51.38 0.0146

-7206 9221 313 0.08 0.06 1.6 6.5 770 1.54 194 0.15 1.49 333 468 12.2 256 77.1 8 3 103 0.09 61.2 0.0261

-7353 9368 317 0.11 0.07 1.5 7.5 454 1.49 173 0.22 1.41 437 477 12.6 242 65.7 1 5 117 0.15 58.77 0.0265

-7500 9515 321 0.19 0.09 1.7 9.9 354 1.05 199 0.41 1.23 701 429 11.9 221 56.8 5 5 107 0.24 54.62 0.0277

-7647 9662 325 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.2 303 0.86 183 0.78 1.05 1096 376 9.5 195 42.2 19 7 121 0.36 14.1 0.1 9.0 0.023 47.37 0.0253

-7794 9809 329 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.7 326 0.90 184 0.80 1.04 1193 386 10.1 206 41.4 21 6 129 0.37 45.66 0.0262

-7941 9956 333 0.42 0.15 2.2 16.1 321 0.86 125 0.87 1.01 1215 391 10.3 176 38 29 9 100 0.39 42.11 0.0264

-8088 10103 337 0.69 0.17 2.4 21.1 299 0.77 66 1.27 0.83 1655 291 5.8 91 20.7 42 11 78 0.52 36.96 0.0199

-8235 10250 341 0.74 0.18 2.5 21.8 285 0.62 64 1.38 0.85 1922 297 5.2 77 18.5 39 11 64 0.54 21.8 0.0 8.4 0.016 35.92 0.0174

-8382 10397 345 0.86 0.19 2.7 24.6 260 0.39 50 1.62 0.75 2051 234 2.9 39 9.7 33 9 38 0.61 32.81 0.0126

-8530 10545 349 1.07 0.18 3.0 29.1 320 0.21 46 1.96 0.69 2243 229 2.6 30 5.9 44 13 23 0.65 22.61 0.0113

-8677 10692 353 0.93 0.18 2.8 27.3 259 0.20 1 1.84 0.61 2108 211 2.5 19 6.3 56 13 20 0.66 27.3 0.0 6.3 0.018 27.46 0.0119

Attachment 1 continued. Stångtjärnen data set Part 2

AD BP depth Na (%) Mg (%) Al (%) Si (%) P (PPM)S (%) Cl (PPM) K (%) Ca (%) Ti (PPM) Mn (PPM) Fe (%) Zn (PPM) Br (PPM) Sr (PPM) Pb (ppm) Hg (ppb) K/Al Si detr (%)Bsi (%) LW-TOC (mg L-1)chl a mg g-1CO2 (%) Fe/Mn

2011 4 0.0 0.08 0.05 1.5 11.3 1968 0.95 743 0.17 0.93 438 299 4.8 59 77.8 22 57 483 0.12 62.8 0.0162

2009 6 0.5 0.08 0.04 1.7 12.6 1331 0.84 514 0.20 0.88 603 273 4.6 76 76.5 18 59 483 0.12 60.36 0.0167

2007 8 1.0 0.08 0.04 1.8 12.8 1229 0.90 494 0.20 0.89 600 303 4.6 102 89 25 72 468 0.11 59.7 0.0152

2004 11 1.5 0.07 0.04 1.8 12.3 1007 1.01 450 0.17 0.95 535 322 4.7 105 77.8 24 71 476 0.10 60.37 0.0147

2002 13 2.0 0.12 0.05 2.0 11.9 936 1.38 407 0.21 1.02 581 347 5.5 147 78 35 89 460 0.10 8.1 3.8 17.2 0.035 59.2 0.0157

2000 15 2.5 0.11 0.05 2.1 12.2 971 1.44 375 0.23 0.99 643 341 5.5 139 76.9 37 101 449 0.11 58.23 0.0162

1998 17 3.0 0.10 0.05 2.1 12.1 876 1.66 354 0.23 0.96 642 320 5.4 138 58.1 28 93 445 0.11 58.54 0.0168

1995 20 3.5 0.12 0.04 2.1 12.8 887 2.13 351 0.22 0.92 627 313 6.0 162 57.6 33 113 405 0.10 55.54 0.0193

1993 22 4.0 0.24 0.07 2.7 16.7 858 1.13 246 0.55 0.80 1206 277 4.3 99 32.4 34 78 337 0.21 49.1 0.0156

1990 25 4.5 0.15 0.05 2.4 13.7 877 1.83 315 0.33 0.91 816 327 5.6 161 48.9 37 113 362 0.13 53.75 0.0172

1988 27 5 0.22 0.06 2.4 17.4 812 1.03 227 0.53 0.80 1063 276 4.1 98 39 35 74 301 0.22 48.58 0.0150

1982 33 6 0.05 0.02 1.9 15.7 786 1.29 339 0.13 0.97 460 326 5.3 135 45.6 27 99 366 0.07 52.02 0.0161

1976 39 7 0.04 0.03 1.9 16.1 853 1.13 338 0.12 1.00 460 335 5.2 138 50.5 30 112 396 0.06 9.6 6.5 13.9 0.031 51.33 0.0155

1969 46 8 0.05 0.03 2.0 15.5 850 0.92 358 0.13 1.04 489 343 5.1 136 49.2 29 114 368 0.06 52.62 0.0149

1962 53 9 0.06 0.04 2.3 15.2 929 0.80 358 0.17 1.05 597 362 5.3 150 47.3 29 113 320 0.07 52.42 0.0147

1953 62 10 0.06 0.03 2.4 15.2 973 0.72 323 0.15 1.04 578 365 5.2 148 50.6 37 122 285 0.07 52.64 0.0143

1944 71 11 0.05 0.03 2.3 15.0 991 0.69 349 0.14 1.03 545 368 5.1 143 50.6 35 116 262 0.06 53.42 0.0137

1934 81 12 0.05 0.03 2.2 15.6 947 0.68 336 0.12 1.05 506 372 5.0 127 46.6 27 101 236 0.05 52.44 0.0135

1923 92 13 0.06 0.03 2.3 16.5 968 0.66 352 0.12 1.02 519 374 5.0 114 51.1 30 112 229 0.05 10.6 5.9 15.8 0.035 50.63 0.0132

1911 104 14 0.05 0.02 2.3 15.6 985 0.65 343 0.11 1.02 495 379 4.9 119 48.9 29 108 219 0.05 52.41 0.0130

1898 117 15 0.04 0.03 2.3 15.6 1056 0.65 368 0.11 1.03 500 377 4.8 114 44.4 24 105 209 0.05 52.41 0.0129

1885 130 16 0.05 0.02 2.4 14.4 1087 0.65 343 0.10 1.04 499 387 5.1 121 49.6 31 120 204 0.04 54.43 0.0133

1870 145 17 0.04 0.02 2.4 15.1 1193 0.63 370 0.08 1.04 426 413 4.6 145 52.7 33 117 168 0.03 53.69 0.0112

1855 160 18 0.03 0.01 2.2 17.3 1090 0.61 345 0.06 0.98 380 387 4.4 131 52.2 26 95 166 0.03 9.0 8.3 16.9 0.037 50.14 0.0114

1839 176 19 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 1069 0.59 309 0.05 0.96 354 379 4.4 109 43.8 20 79 161 0.03 50.47 0.0115

1822 193 20 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.2 1116 0.59 313 0.05 0.97 336 384 4.3 117 47.7 25 84 158 0.03 50.62 0.0111

1805 210 21 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.5 1095 0.59 319 0.06 0.96 330 377 4.3 108 45 21 73 161 0.03 8.6 8.8 16.3 0.036 49.87 0.0115

1788 227 22 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1090 0.58 328 0.05 0.98 334 397 4.3 117 48.6 23 68 150 0.02 49.82 0.0109

1770 245 23 0.02 0.02 2.1 17.4 1141 0.61 336 0.05 1.00 329 405 4.4 121 50.4 23 69 152 0.02 49.73 0.0110

1751 264 24 0.04 0.01 2.0 18.8 1052 0.60 297 0.05 0.97 322 386 4.3 120 49.5 25 65 159 0.02 47.28 0.0111

1733 282 25 0.03 0.02 2.0 19.3 1052 0.59 332 0.05 0.95 350 387 4.1 103 45.1 20 56 153 0.03 46.66 0.0106

1714 301 26 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.2 1040 0.59 314 0.05 0.94 318 384 4.1 106 48.7 21 52 150 0.02 8.1 11.1 16.6 0.036 47.17 0.0106

1694 321 27 0.04 0.01 1.9 18.7 1042 0.60 339 0.04 0.97 337 400 4.3 106 53 21 54 143 0.02 47.74 0.0107

1675 340 28 0.02 0.01 1.9 17.9 1082 0.56 275 0.04 0.98 312 418 4.2 116 54.1 22 45 137 0.02 9.7 8.3 17.3 0.038 49.75 0.0099

1656 359 29 0.02 0.01 1.8 19.5 1035 0.58 328 0.04 1.00 260 427 4.2 109 47.4 21 45 138 0.02 46.47 0.0098

1637 378 30 0.03 0.01 1.8 19.1 1017 0.57 282 0.04 0.97 256 406 4.2 98 48.7 22 48 137 0.02 47.14 0.0105

1617 398 31 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.9 1009 0.56 286 0.03 0.98 238 417 4.2 95 49.6 21 48 142 0.02 9.0 10.9 17.0 0.039 45.52 0.0102

1598 417 32 0.03 0.02 1.9 19.7 1021 0.57 302 0.03 1.01 233 435 4.4 89 52 23 54 133 0.02 8.7 11.0 17.1 0.040 45.63 0.0101

1580 435 33 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1239 0.65 329 0.04 1.12 250 496 5.1 103 54.8 27 62 120 0.02 48.34 0.0102

1561 454 34 0.04 0.02 2.3 15.6 1313 0.66 351 0.03 1.21 257 542 5.5 118 63.9 35 77 135 0.01 51.35 0.0102

1542 473 35 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.3 1145 0.63 342 0.03 1.19 261 527 5.2 113 64 35 82 136 0.02 7.9 8.3 18.1 0.039 50.72 0.0099

1523 492 36 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.5 1135 0.66 353 0.03 1.23 283 542 5.0 110 58.4 33 73 148 0.01 50.42 0.0093

1503 512 37 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.1 1160 0.64 345 0.04 1.23 301 542 5.1 110 60 32 74 144 0.02 7.1 9.0 18.1 0.040 51.06 0.0095

1484 531 38 0.02 0.02 2.3 16.8 1073 0.67 334 0.04 1.15 308 500 5.3 99 56.3 28 70 138 0.02 49.48 0.0106

1463 552 39 0.04 0.03 2.2 18.2 995 0.62 351 0.04 1.21 360 505 5.0 95 53.3 26 43 121 0.02 9.0 9.2 18.2 0.038 46.81 0.0099

1443 572 40 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 966 0.57 283 0.04 1.15 257 502 4.9 104 57.1 29 34 130 0.02 49.53 0.0098

1422 593 41 0.02 0.02 2.0 18.8 979 0.60 363 0.04 1.14 241 492 4.7 98 56.5 25 26 130 0.02 9.1 9.6 17.6 0.039 46.58 0.0096

1401 614 42 0.04 0.02 2.0 17.8 1024 0.61 421 0.04 1.15 255 496 4.9 106 63.4 30 28 134 0.02 48.38 0.0099

1380 635 43 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.3 1107 0.63 365 0.04 1.23 296 541 5.1 107 62.2 27 28 129 0.02 50.82 0.0095

1359 656 44 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.7 1183 0.67 359 0.05 1.21 287 529 5.4 97 67.4 29 27 128 0.02 8.4 7.3 18.5 0.034 51.44 0.0103

1337 678 45 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.5 1217 0.68 380 0.04 1.29 279 579 5.5 103 68.8 34 27 134 0.02 51.45 0.0095

1316 699 46 0.03 0.02 2.3 14.9 1281 0.67 403 0.04 1.28 280 574 5.6 105 74.5 34 31 145 0.02 52.54 0.0098

1294 721 47 0.04 0.03 2.5 13.4 1410 0.74 421 0.04 1.35 268 611 6.1 125 80.4 34 40 135 0.02 8.3 5.1 19.1 0.034 54.75 0.0099

1272 743 48 0.03 0.02 2.3 13.0 1309 0.74 382 0.04 1.35 281 618 5.8 134 84.1 36 36 127 0.02 56.34 0.0093

1251 764 49 0.03 0.02 2.2 14.7 1138 0.65 429 0.04 1.27 255 593 5.9 119 83.3 35 40 133 0.02 52.97 0.0099

1230 785 50 0.03 0.02 2.1 14.8 1070 0.69 412 0.04 1.30 273 583 5.8 117 86.7 36 36 122 0.02 8.0 6.8 18.1 0.034 53.12 0.0099

1208 807 51 0.04 0.02 2.1 16.8 964 0.64 415 0.06 1.29 276 559 5.4 93 73.5 28 32 108 0.03 49.39 0.0097

1187 828 52 0.02 0.03 2.0 16.9 920 0.62 405 0.05 1.33 268 584 5.2 91 72.8 34 30 116 0.03 49.7 0.0089

1166 849 53 0.04 0.03 1.9 17.2 876 0.62 404 0.04 1.33 252 566 5.3 86 69.8 33 26 111 0.02 49.22 0.0093

1145 870 54 0.04 0.02 1.9 17.1 925 0.65 440 0.04 1.36 270 589 5.7 96 78.9 37 27 106 0.02 48.7 0.0096

1124 891 55 0.03 0.02 1.8 17.8 842 0.59 395 0.05 1.30 272 556 5.1 76 68.6 30 29 122 0.03 48.35 0.0091

1103 912 56 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.6 874 0.59 415 0.05 1.33 289 558 5.3 76 76.8 37 26 119 0.03 8.8 7.8 18.9 0.032 50.37 0.0096

1083 932 57 0.03 0.02 1.8 16.0 879 0.59 380 0.05 1.36 286 581 5.5 85 72.3 37 23 115 0.03 51.36 0.0095

1062 953 58 0.03 0.03 1.9 16.6 897 0.58 383 0.04 1.37 281 595 5.5 99 64.2 36 17 121 0.02 50.01 0.0092

1042 973 59 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.4 884 0.56 353 0.05 1.36 289 575 5.4 93 68.1 35 16 130 0.03 48.59 0.0094

1021 994 60 0.04 0.02 1.9 16.9 868 0.58 396 0.05 1.32 274 547 5.3 95 72.2 38 13 115 0.02 49.74 0.0097

1001 1014 61 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.9 897 0.59 391 0.04 1.37 269 570 5.5 94 76.7 39 12 98 0.02 49.45 0.0096

981 1034 62 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.8 879 0.61 464 0.03 1.38 251 579 5.3 92 78.8 37 13 89 0.02 49.84 0.0091

960 1055 63 0.04 0.02 2.0 15.8 902 0.63 446 0.04 1.43 258 593 5.6 82 83.7 41 12 93 0.02 51.2 0.0095

940 1075 64 0.04 0.03 2.1 15.5 898 0.65 402 0.05 1.52 300 629 6.0 91 80.6 43 12 93 0.02 9.1 6.4 19.1 0.028 50.87 0.0096

920 1095 65 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.1 923 0.67 436 0.03 1.54 285 642 6.2 97 87 43 8 93 0.01 51.36 0.0097

900 1115 66 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.7 872 0.61 400 0.04 1.43 291 583 5.7 100 75.3 41 8 102 0.02 51.24 0.0098

879 1136 67 0.03 0.02 2.0 17.2 836 0.57 416 0.04 1.41 306 565 5.4 96 72.6 37 7 105 0.02 48.8 0.0095

859 1156 68 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.8 796 0.55 397 0.04 1.35 272 529 5.0 81 67.1 34 7 110 0.02 48.29 0.0095

839 1176 69 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.6 877 0.58 396 0.04 1.44 292 581 5.1 84 71.4 35 8 110 0.02 50.2 0.0088

819 1196 70 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.0 831 0.57 385 0.04 1.39 279 550 5.5 81 84.8 43 11 112 0.02 50.82 0.0100

798 1217 71 0.04 0.03 2.2 15.9 881 0.59 415 0.04 1.49 275 583 5.7 93 76.1 35 8 104 0.02 50.42 0.0097

778 1237 72 0.03 0.03 2.3 15.3 897 0.62 440 0.03 1.46 283 576 5.6 88 74.9 39 6 99 0.01 51.88 0.0096

757 1258 73 0.03 0.03 2.2 15.3 867 0.59 432 0.03 1.51 302 584 5.3 74 74.7 35 8 103 0.01 52.19 0.0091

737 1278 74 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.2 900 0.58 425 0.03 1.47 312 564 5.3 57 68.7 30 7 110 0.01 52.23 0.0095

716 1299 75 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.8 861 0.55 404 0.03 1.34 261 513 5.2 61 70.8 30 9 119 0.01 9.7 7.1 19.4 0.028 49.35 0.0101

696 1319 76 0.05 0.02 2.3 16.8 808 0.56 386 0.03 1.31 248 500 5.0 77 69.8 32 6 114 0.01 49.74 0.0099

675 1340 77 0.03 0.02 2.1 18.8 751 0.54 356 0.03 1.23 236 464 4.8 101 64.1 27 7 110 0.02 46.25 0.0104

654 1361 78 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.3 803 0.56 359 0.03 1.33 249 497 5.1 94 70 32 7 95 0.01 50.75 0.0102

633 1382 79 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.5 766 0.53 306 0.03 1.29 240 491 4.8 82 70.7 32 8 88 0.01 48.66 0.0099

612 1403 80 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.1 765 0.53 330 0.03 1.30 246 494 5.0 77 72.1 35 9 90 0.01 49.05 0.0102

591 1424 81 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 721 0.52 346 0.03 1.31 236 484 4.9 72 64.5 31 5 108 0.01 48.35 0.0101

569 1446 82 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.7 731 0.57 325 0.03 1.30 207 465 4.6 74 64.3 28 5 108 0.01 48.62 0.0098

548 1467 83 0.03 0.02 2.2 17.6 771 0.54 322 0.03 1.34 220 493 4.8 76 61.9 31 8 102 0.01 48.42 0.0097

526 1489 84 0.03 0.02 2.4 16.9 864 0.58 354 0.03 1.42 239 516 5.1 106 67.1 36 6 110 0.01 48.96 0.0099

504 1511 85 0.04 0.03 2.5 15.2 868 0.60 383 0.03 1.52 243 555 5.5 110 67.7 38 7 95 0.01 11.1 6.3 19.4 0.027 51.56 0.0098

482 1533 86 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.4 708 0.55 360 0.03 1.34 211 491 5.1 97 65.5 31 8 96 0.01 48.53 0.0104

459 1556 87 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.4 794 0.59 360 0.03 1.49 232 557 5.5 106 69.3 33 8 103 0.01 47.5 0.0098

437 1578 88 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.7 799 0.63 363 0.02 1.52 224 555 5.8 94 65.5 30 7 93 0.01 50.3 0.0105

414 1601 89 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 767 0.61 325 0.03 1.39 215 510 5.8 109 76.4 35 7 94 0.01 46.53 0.0114

391 1624 90 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 732 0.57 344 0.03 1.34 225 493 5.5 119 74.3 35 9 93 0.01 46.17 0.0111

368 1647 91 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.4 760 0.56 360 0.03 1.40 211 511 5.3 115 71 33 6 100 0.01 45.79 0.0103

345 1670 92 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 710 0.56 353 0.02 1.43 205 503 5.4 107 75.2 38 7 85 0.01 46.29 0.0107

321 1694 93 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.4 749 0.55 372 0.03 1.38 198 475 5.0 85 70 33 8 82 0.01 48.12 0.0105

297 1718 94 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.9 757 0.55 336 0.03 1.39 206 485 5.2 89 69.5 33 8 84 0.01 46.99 0.0107

273 1742 95 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.6 764 0.56 316 0.03 1.43 210 505 5.1 88 65.2 35 5 90 0.01 9.7 7.9 19.5 0.028 47.55 0.0101

248 1767 96 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.5 737 0.58 347 0.03 1.42 208 496 5.0 93 61.9 31 9 97 0.01 46 0.0101

223 1792 97 0.04 0.03 2.4 16.8 768 0.58 333 0.03 1.47 239 510 5.5 116 71.5 36 9 105 0.01 48.49 0.0107

198 1817 98 0.05 0.03 2.4 16.8 775 0.59 366 0.03 1.49 220 520 5.3 108 79.8 37 14 94 0.01 10.9 5.9 19.4 0.027 48.72 0.0101

173 1842 99 0.04 0.03 2.5 17.5 760 0.58 379 0.03 1.48 225 502 5.0 82 75.7 33 12 101 0.01 47.69 0.0100

147 1868 100 0.03 0.03 2.6 17.2 823 0.63 367 0.03 1.61 244 556 5.4 80 86.1 41 14 94 0.01 11.0 6.2 19.4 0.030 47.15 0.0097

41 1974 105 0.02 0.03 2.6 17.3 748 0.56 350 0.03 1.51 227 459 4.6 97 76.6 37 8 97 0.01 48.34 0.0100

-70 2085 109 0.03 0.03 2.6 16.4 681 0.54 355 0.03 1.55 231 454 4.5 69 64.4 30 4 79 0.01 8.9 7.5 19.3 0.027 50.66 0.0098

-186 2201 113 0.02 0.04 2.8 16.5 634 0.52 352 0.03 1.54 234 433 4.4 85 65.7 34 7 91 0.01 49.93 0.0103

-305 2320 117 0.04 0.04 3.0 15.2 767 0.54 348 0.03 1.66 262 461 4.7 103 67 33 7 95 0.01 51.81 0.0101

-428 2443 121 0.02 0.04 3.0 17.0 687 0.51 309 0.03 1.62 265 427 4.1 81 59.8 29 6 98 0.01 10.5 6.5 19.4 0.030 49.02 0.0095

-555 2570 125 0.03 0.04 2.9 17.9 720 0.50 309 0.04 1.53 274 414 3.9 79 62.6 34 7 87 0.01 47.65 0.0093

-684 2699 129 0.02 0.04 3.1 15.9 798 0.54 319 0.03 1.76 258 462 4.2 100 66.4 42 11 97 0.01 10.4 5.5 19.3 0.032 50.55 0.0092

-749 2764 131 0.03 0.04 3.2 15.0 817 0.54 321 0.03 1.78 277 469 4.2 91 61.1 44 8 115 0.01 52.27 0.0090

-782 2797 132 0.04 0.04 3.1 14.4 681 0.50 305 0.03 1.68 249 435 4.0 86 61.6 40 9 124 0.01 54.32 0.0092

-815 2830 133 0.04 0.05 3.3 14.2 797 0.53 340 0.03 1.81 263 475 4.3 101 56.2 45 5 107 0.01 53.63 0.0090

-848 2863 134 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.6 836 0.55 322 0.03 1.84 261 467 4.3 112 60.5 43 7 114 0.01 52.41 0.0092

-881 2896 135 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.4 806 0.59 339 0.03 1.77 266 445 4.2 103 59.4 36 6 109 0.01 51.31 0.0095

-915 2930 136 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.8 802 0.59 338 0.04 1.79 269 451 4.2 91 62.7 34 8 97 0.01 50.28 0.0093

-948 2963 137 0.03 0.04 3.3 15.0 816 0.59 343 0.04 1.84 277 469 4.2 96 66.8 42 10 98 0.01 8.7 6.2 19.3 0.032 51.99 0.0090

-981 2996 138 0.03 0.05 3.2 15.5 792 0.58 355 0.04 1.81 286 451 4.3 105 65 42 7 123 0.01 50.89 0.0095

-1015 3030 139 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.2 876 0.60 352 0.03 1.91 280 476 4.1 85 59.6 37 6 99 0.01 51.29 0.0087

-1049 3064 140 0.05 0.05 3.5 15.7 855 0.58 341 0.04 1.86 279 458 4.0 88 53.1 36 7 109 0.01 50.34 0.0087

-1082 3097 141 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.7 786 0.53 287 0.04 1.77 264 446 3.8 79 49.1 37 4 117 0.01 53.34 0.0084

-1116 3131 142 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 933 0.60 354 0.04 1.88 271 459 4.0 86 50.9 39 6 119 0.01 53.39 0.0086

-1150 3165 143 0.03 0.05 3.5 13.5 919 0.59 355 0.05 1.83 277 434 3.6 69 41.1 26 4 120 0.01 55.86 0.0082

-1184 3199 144 0.04 0.05 3.4 13.7 853 0.54 314 0.03 1.80 258 445 3.8 82 47.7 36 5 104 0.01 55.34 0.0086

-1218 3233 145 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.5 781 0.51 310 0.04 1.68 265 403 3.8 56 46.6 34 3 91 0.01 9.2 6.3 18.2 0.034 52.11 0.0094

-1252 3267 146 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.2 778 0.52 309 0.04 1.69 284 407 3.5 82 42 27 4 102 0.01 52.92 0.0087

-1286 3301 147 0.04 0.04 3.2 15.3 747 0.50 303 0.04 1.69 281 420 3.9 74 52.7 39 5 92 0.01 52.35 0.0092

-1320 3335 148 0.04 0.04 3.3 15.3 777 0.51 295 0.03 1.72 270 405 3.7 100 53.3 39 5 106 0.01 52.43 0.0091

-1354 3369 149 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.4 779 0.49 298 0.04 1.67 272 398 3.5 67 46.4 33 5 81 0.01 50.49 0.0088

-1388 3403 150 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 804 0.49 287 0.04 1.71 277 401 3.5 40 44.6 38 4 82 0.01 50.03 0.0087

-1422 3437 151 0.02 0.05 3.3 15.5 786 0.47 283 0.04 1.68 266 402 3.5 60 48.3 42 6 101 0.01 52.34 0.0087

-1456 3471 152 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.7 791 0.48 277 0.04 1.65 271 393 3.5 42 46.3 37 6 95 0.01 49.61 0.0090

-1491 3506 153 0.03 0.04 3.2 16.8 755 0.47 268 0.04 1.65 266 393 3.4 25 42.2 33 1 97 0.01 49.82 0.0088

-1525 3540 154 0.02 0.05 3.1 17.7 742 0.46 285 0.04 1.61 284 375 3.4 64 41.8 33 3 114 0.01 48.09 0.0090

-1559 3574 155 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.6 728 0.47 278 0.04 1.61 276 368 3.3 80 39.2 27 4 100 0.01 9.9 7.7 18.8 0.031 48.66 0.0090

-1593 3608 156 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.3 750 0.47 295 0.04 1.65 270 386 3.5 66 40.7 29 4 97 0.01 48.97 0.0089

-1628 3643 157 0.03 0.05 3.1 17.2 778 0.47 285 0.04 1.66 284 382 3.5 77 40.8 33 6 91 0.01 48.89 0.0092

-1662 3677 158 0.04 0.04 3.1 16.7 773 0.49 291 0.04 1.71 287 399 3.6 83 37.9 27 7 109 0.01 49.81 0.0090

-1696 3711 159 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.4 777 0.48 258 0.04 1.77 297 405 3.6 59 38.6 32 4 84 0.01 50.27 0.0088

-1730 3745 160 0.03 0.04 3.3 16.0 807 0.48 286 0.04 1.78 294 412 3.6 35 43.3 36 5 80 0.01 9.5 6.5 18.9 0.032 50.95 0.0087

-1765 3780 161 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.6 824 0.50 279 0.04 1.72 286 392 3.5 88 44.2 38 6 131 0.01 49.75 0.0089

-1799 3814 162 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.8 863 0.52 271 0.04 1.72 296 397 3.3 145 45.2 39 6 134 0.01 51.81 0.0084

-1834 3849 163 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 855 0.52 296 0.04 1.77 299 407 3.6 110 48.6 38 6 119 0.01 50.61 0.0089

-1868 3883 164 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 869 0.51 300 0.04 1.79 297 405 3.5 67 41.6 31 5 101 0.01 49.95 0.0086

-1903 3918 165 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.0 824 0.49 295 0.03 1.77 288 405 3.5 77 46.5 41 6 96 0.01 51.25 0.0087

-1937 3952 166 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.0 829 0.50 302 0.04 1.79 305 401 3.6 110 41.6 37 6 106 0.01 50.93 0.0089

-1972 3987 167 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.4 858 0.50 266 0.04 1.83 294 413 3.5 75 39.8 33 5 100 0.01 52.27 0.0084

-2006 4021 168 0.04 0.04 3.1 16.2 829 0.48 267 0.04 1.77 278 402 3.5 116 44 40 9 132 0.01 10.2 6.0 18.9 0.032 51.03 0.0087

-2041 4056 169 0.04 0.05 3.3 15.7 892 0.50 287 0.04 1.80 288 405 3.4 65 42.5 41 7 92 0.01 51.84 0.0083

-2075 4090 170 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.8 932 0.51 287 0.04 1.82 310 412 3.6 58 41.9 39 7 90 0.01 53.23 0.0086

-2110 4125 171 0.03 0.05 3.3 14.2 881 0.48 271 0.04 1.79 288 403 3.5 36 41 39 7 95 0.01 54.88 0.0086

-2145 4160 172 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 993 0.51 267 0.03 1.86 283 425 3.6 73 44.3 45 8 100 0.01 53.04 0.0085

-2179 4194 173 0.03 0.05 3.5 15.7 1113 0.56 278 0.03 1.79 266 414 3.7 183 45.4 38 9 132 0.01 50.81 0.0089

-2214 4229 174 0.02 0.05 3.2 15.2 1157 0.61 241 0.03 1.64 268 374 3.3 211 42.3 31 7 146 0.01 53.31 0.0088

-2249 4264 175 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 1136 0.57 281 0.04 1.88 313 436 3.7 128 42.7 39 7 117 0.01 52.81 0.0085

-2283 4298 176 0.02 0.06 3.5 15.1 1007 0.53 265 0.04 1.93 331 438 3.8 91 46.2 42 3 112 0.01 52.02 0.0086

-2318 4333 177 0.03 0.06 3.7 14.9 1047 0.55 271 0.04 1.97 295 452 3.9 105 47.8 43 6 144 0.01 51.77 0.0086

-2353 4368 178 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 928 0.50 259 0.04 1.88 302 419 3.8 98 45.1 42 5 129 0.01 9.0 5.3 19.3 0.029 53.96 0.0090

-2388 4403 179 0.04 0.05 3.6 15.0 969 0.52 272 0.04 1.90 293 427 3.7 89 42.5 36 5 111 0.01 51.98 0.0088

-2423 4438 180 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.5 908 0.50 257 0.03 1.85 294 423 3.6 98 42.4 33 6 115 0.01 53.72 0.0085

-2597 4612 185 0.04 0.05 3.6 14.2 915 0.52 244 0.03 1.87 298 449 4.4 147 51.6 48 5 121 0.01 52.84 0.0098

-2737 4752 189 0.03 0.04 3.5 15.1 880 0.51 227 0.04 1.76 284 419 4.1 117 50.8 42 2 111 0.01 10.0 5.1 18.9 0.028 51.85 0.0097

-2877 4892 193 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.9 905 0.50 233 0.03 1.78 293 425 3.8 103 44.2 35 3 108 0.01 52.7 0.0089

-3018 5033 197 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 931 0.53 218 0.03 1.86 294 420 3.8 134 46.5 38 5 113 0.01 53.77 0.0090

-3159 5174 201 0.02 0.04 3.1 16.7 933 0.53 228 0.04 1.63 299 374 3.0 147 43.6 33 7 128 0.01 50.62 0.0080

-3300 5315 205 0.03 0.04 3.4 16.4 975 0.52 234 0.04 1.70 309 383 3.0 125 42.9 34 5 121 0.01 50.85 0.0079

-3442 5457 209 0.02 0.04 3.4 16.5 980 0.49 200 0.04 1.70 291 380 2.9 97 42.1 32 5 115 0.01 9.5 7.0 18.2 0.029 50.57 0.0076

-3584 5599 213 0.02 0.04 2.9 18.8 800 0.47 225 0.03 1.56 273 353 2.8 79 40.6 30 5 113 0.01 47.18 0.0078

-3726 5741 217 0.03 0.05 3.4 16.4 1087 0.52 228 0.04 1.74 297 378 2.7 115 47.1 34 8 133 0.01 50.96 0.0072

-3869 5884 221 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.9 1085 0.54 217 0.04 1.69 303 371 2.4 70 38.4 19 4 146 0.01 10.1 6.8 16.7 0.033 50.74 0.0066

-4011 6026 225 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.8 1110 0.53 231 0.04 1.67 315 363 2.3 105 43.8 26 5 136 0.01 53.74 0.0063

-4155 6170 229 0.03 0.05 3.1 15.8 1189 0.55 204 0.04 1.72 315 380 2.3 98 47 30 4 147 0.01 53.41 0.0062

-4298 6313 233 0.03 0.05 3.4 15.4 1283 0.55 207 0.04 1.75 329 376 2.3 54 46.5 32 6 124 0.01 53.7 0.0062

-4441 6456 237 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 1410 0.55 211 0.04 1.80 394 379 2.4 78 45.1 28 3 186 0.01 9.3 4.9 17.8 0.031 55.96 0.0063

-4585 6600 241 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 1407 0.54 206 0.04 1.80 351 388 2.3 91 47.8 29 3 125 0.01 52.39 0.0060

-4729 6744 245 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.5 1512 0.62 181 0.05 1.78 333 387 2.4 87 50.5 30 4 176 0.01 53.55 0.0061

-4874 6889 249 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.6 1774 0.63 195 0.05 1.91 336 407 2.5 89 45.7 28 4 203 0.01 52.32 0.0061

-4946 6961 251 0.05 0.05 3.3 16.8 1859 0.63 183 0.05 1.84 309 369 2.1 110 46.1 32 5 187 0.02 10.3 6.4 16.3 0.032 50.95 0.0058

-5090 7105 255 0.05 0.06 3.4 17.1 1977 0.57 201 0.06 1.80 327 364 2.0 56 41.7 28 4 182 0.02 50.25 0.0054

-5235 7250 259 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.8 1927 0.55 156 0.06 1.75 312 352 1.9 117 48.7 28 3 211 0.02 51.6 0.0055

-5380 7395 263 0.03 0.05 2.9 17.9 1709 0.54 155 0.07 1.60 296 324 1.8 100 49.7 25 4 170 0.02 11.2 6.8 14.7 0.034 50.11 0.0055

-5525 7540 267 0.05 0.05 2.7 20.2 1811 0.59 166 0.09 1.58 346 318 1.7 113 50.2 19 6 187 0.03 45.64 0.0054

-5671 7686 271 0.05 0.06 3.1 18.2 2246 0.70 177 0.09 1.76 344 353 2.0 151 51.7 23 4 239 0.03 48.27 0.0057

-5816 7831 275 0.06 0.06 2.7 19.6 1961 0.60 177 0.12 1.65 357 345 1.9 148 46.8 20 5 185 0.05 46.37 0.0055

-5962 7977 279 0.09 0.06 2.4 23.0 1727 0.61 160 0.19 1.53 409 315 1.8 119 45.8 18 5 144 0.08 11.1 11.9 15.0 0.026 39.89 0.0056

-6108 8123 283 0.08 0.05 2.2 24.6 1493 0.59 177 0.19 1.42 398 291 1.7 138 46.5 20 5 135 0.09 37.31 0.0058

-6254 8269 287 0.07 0.06 2.3 22.4 1733 0.65 173 0.16 1.54 371 321 1.8 152 46 19 4 190 0.07 41.28 0.0056

-6400 8415 291 0.08 0.06 2.4 22.0 1911 0.59 197 0.18 1.66 395 361 1.8 161 51.1 21 5 112 0.07 12.1 9.9 14.7 0.029 41.86 0.0049

-6546 8561 295 0.07 0.06 2.3 20.4 1914 0.68 178 0.17 1.61 404 328 1.8 150 52.2 23 7 138 0.08 11.2 7.3 13.6 0.035 45.47 0.0056

-6693 8708 299 0.09 0.06 2.2 21.9 1857 0.67 177 0.19 1.57 400 348 1.8 164 52.4 22 4 155 0.09 42.48 0.0050

-6839 8854 303 0.05 0.06 2.2 20.2 2106 0.77 178 0.13 1.63 336 348 2.0 174 54.7 18 4 163 0.06 6.3 0.3 11.6 0.028 45.69 0.0059

-6913 8928 305 0.05 0.04 1.9 18.5 1909 0.82 174 0.11 1.51 326 412 4.4 201 60 13 3 184 0.06 46.82 0.0107

-7059 9074 309 0.06 0.05 1.5 15.6 1088 0.85 170 0.13 1.45 325 424 6.2 192 65.6 11 3 121 0.09 51.38 0.0146

-7206 9221 313 0.08 0.06 1.6 6.5 770 1.54 194 0.15 1.49 333 468 12.2 256 77.1 8 3 103 0.09 61.2 0.0261

-7353 9368 317 0.11 0.07 1.5 7.5 454 1.49 173 0.22 1.41 437 477 12.6 242 65.7 1 5 117 0.15 58.77 0.0265

-7500 9515 321 0.19 0.09 1.7 9.9 354 1.05 199 0.41 1.23 701 429 11.9 221 56.8 5 5 107 0.24 54.62 0.0277

-7647 9662 325 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.2 303 0.86 183 0.78 1.05 1096 376 9.5 195 42.2 19 7 121 0.36 14.1 0.1 9.0 0.023 47.37 0.0253

-7794 9809 329 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.7 326 0.90 184 0.80 1.04 1193 386 10.1 206 41.4 21 6 129 0.37 45.66 0.0262

-7941 9956 333 0.42 0.15 2.2 16.1 321 0.86 125 0.87 1.01 1215 391 10.3 176 38 29 9 100 0.39 42.11 0.0264

-8088 10103 337 0.69 0.17 2.4 21.1 299 0.77 66 1.27 0.83 1655 291 5.8 91 20.7 42 11 78 0.52 36.96 0.0199

-8235 10250 341 0.74 0.18 2.5 21.8 285 0.62 64 1.38 0.85 1922 297 5.2 77 18.5 39 11 64 0.54 21.8 0.0 8.4 0.016 35.92 0.0174

-8382 10397 345 0.86 0.19 2.7 24.6 260 0.39 50 1.62 0.75 2051 234 2.9 39 9.7 33 9 38 0.61 32.81 0.0126

-8530 10545 349 1.07 0.18 3.0 29.1 320 0.21 46 1.96 0.69 2243 229 2.6 30 5.9 44 13 23 0.65 22.61 0.0113

-8677 10692 353 0.93 0.18 2.8 27.3 259 0.20 1 1.84 0.61 2108 211 2.5 19 6.3 56 13 20 0.66 27.3 0.0 6.3 0.018 27.46 0.0119


2011 4 0.0 0.08 0.05 1.5 11.3 1968 0.95 743 0.17 0.93 438 299 4.8 59 77.8 22 57 483 0.12 62.8 0.0162

2009 6 0.5 0.08 0.04 1.7 12.6 1331 0.84 514 0.20 0.88 603 273 4.6 76 76.5 18 59 483 0.12 60.36 0.0167

2007 8 1.0 0.08 0.04 1.8 12.8 1229 0.90 494 0.20 0.89 600 303 4.6 102 89 25 72 468 0.11 59.7 0.0152

2004 11 1.5 0.07 0.04 1.8 12.3 1007 1.01 450 0.17 0.95 535 322 4.7 105 77.8 24 71 476 0.10 60.37 0.0147

2002 13 2.0 0.12 0.05 2.0 11.9 936 1.38 407 0.21 1.02 581 347 5.5 147 78 35 89 460 0.10 8.1 3.8 17.2 0.035 59.2 0.0157

2000 15 2.5 0.11 0.05 2.1 12.2 971 1.44 375 0.23 0.99 643 341 5.5 139 76.9 37 101 449 0.11 58.23 0.0162

1998 17 3.0 0.10 0.05 2.1 12.1 876 1.66 354 0.23 0.96 642 320 5.4 138 58.1 28 93 445 0.11 58.54 0.0168

1995 20 3.5 0.12 0.04 2.1 12.8 887 2.13 351 0.22 0.92 627 313 6.0 162 57.6 33 113 405 0.10 55.54 0.0193

1993 22 4.0 0.24 0.07 2.7 16.7 858 1.13 246 0.55 0.80 1206 277 4.3 99 32.4 34 78 337 0.21 49.1 0.0156

1990 25 4.5 0.15 0.05 2.4 13.7 877 1.83 315 0.33 0.91 816 327 5.6 161 48.9 37 113 362 0.13 53.75 0.0172

1988 27 5 0.22 0.06 2.4 17.4 812 1.03 227 0.53 0.80 1063 276 4.1 98 39 35 74 301 0.22 48.58 0.0150

1982 33 6 0.05 0.02 1.9 15.7 786 1.29 339 0.13 0.97 460 326 5.3 135 45.6 27 99 366 0.07 52.02 0.0161

1976 39 7 0.04 0.03 1.9 16.1 853 1.13 338 0.12 1.00 460 335 5.2 138 50.5 30 112 396 0.06 9.6 6.5 13.9 0.031 51.33 0.0155

1969 46 8 0.05 0.03 2.0 15.5 850 0.92 358 0.13 1.04 489 343 5.1 136 49.2 29 114 368 0.06 52.62 0.0149

1962 53 9 0.06 0.04 2.3 15.2 929 0.80 358 0.17 1.05 597 362 5.3 150 47.3 29 113 320 0.07 52.42 0.0147

1953 62 10 0.06 0.03 2.4 15.2 973 0.72 323 0.15 1.04 578 365 5.2 148 50.6 37 122 285 0.07 52.64 0.0143

1944 71 11 0.05 0.03 2.3 15.0 991 0.69 349 0.14 1.03 545 368 5.1 143 50.6 35 116 262 0.06 53.42 0.0137

1934 81 12 0.05 0.03 2.2 15.6 947 0.68 336 0.12 1.05 506 372 5.0 127 46.6 27 101 236 0.05 52.44 0.0135

1923 92 13 0.06 0.03 2.3 16.5 968 0.66 352 0.12 1.02 519 374 5.0 114 51.1 30 112 229 0.05 10.6 5.9 15.8 0.035 50.63 0.0132

1911 104 14 0.05 0.02 2.3 15.6 985 0.65 343 0.11 1.02 495 379 4.9 119 48.9 29 108 219 0.05 52.41 0.0130

1898 117 15 0.04 0.03 2.3 15.6 1056 0.65 368 0.11 1.03 500 377 4.8 114 44.4 24 105 209 0.05 52.41 0.0129

1885 130 16 0.05 0.02 2.4 14.4 1087 0.65 343 0.10 1.04 499 387 5.1 121 49.6 31 120 204 0.04 54.43 0.0133

1870 145 17 0.04 0.02 2.4 15.1 1193 0.63 370 0.08 1.04 426 413 4.6 145 52.7 33 117 168 0.03 53.69 0.0112

1855 160 18 0.03 0.01 2.2 17.3 1090 0.61 345 0.06 0.98 380 387 4.4 131 52.2 26 95 166 0.03 9.0 8.3 16.9 0.037 50.14 0.0114

1839 176 19 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 1069 0.59 309 0.05 0.96 354 379 4.4 109 43.8 20 79 161 0.03 50.47 0.0115

1822 193 20 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.2 1116 0.59 313 0.05 0.97 336 384 4.3 117 47.7 25 84 158 0.03 50.62 0.0111

1805 210 21 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.5 1095 0.59 319 0.06 0.96 330 377 4.3 108 45 21 73 161 0.03 8.6 8.8 16.3 0.036 49.87 0.0115

1788 227 22 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1090 0.58 328 0.05 0.98 334 397 4.3 117 48.6 23 68 150 0.02 49.82 0.0109

1770 245 23 0.02 0.02 2.1 17.4 1141 0.61 336 0.05 1.00 329 405 4.4 121 50.4 23 69 152 0.02 49.73 0.0110

1751 264 24 0.04 0.01 2.0 18.8 1052 0.60 297 0.05 0.97 322 386 4.3 120 49.5 25 65 159 0.02 47.28 0.0111

1733 282 25 0.03 0.02 2.0 19.3 1052 0.59 332 0.05 0.95 350 387 4.1 103 45.1 20 56 153 0.03 46.66 0.0106

1714 301 26 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.2 1040 0.59 314 0.05 0.94 318 384 4.1 106 48.7 21 52 150 0.02 8.1 11.1 16.6 0.036 47.17 0.0106

1694 321 27 0.04 0.01 1.9 18.7 1042 0.60 339 0.04 0.97 337 400 4.3 106 53 21 54 143 0.02 47.74 0.0107

1675 340 28 0.02 0.01 1.9 17.9 1082 0.56 275 0.04 0.98 312 418 4.2 116 54.1 22 45 137 0.02 9.7 8.3 17.3 0.038 49.75 0.0099

1656 359 29 0.02 0.01 1.8 19.5 1035 0.58 328 0.04 1.00 260 427 4.2 109 47.4 21 45 138 0.02 46.47 0.0098

1637 378 30 0.03 0.01 1.8 19.1 1017 0.57 282 0.04 0.97 256 406 4.2 98 48.7 22 48 137 0.02 47.14 0.0105

1617 398 31 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.9 1009 0.56 286 0.03 0.98 238 417 4.2 95 49.6 21 48 142 0.02 9.0 10.9 17.0 0.039 45.52 0.0102

1598 417 32 0.03 0.02 1.9 19.7 1021 0.57 302 0.03 1.01 233 435 4.4 89 52 23 54 133 0.02 8.7 11.0 17.1 0.040 45.63 0.0101

1580 435 33 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1239 0.65 329 0.04 1.12 250 496 5.1 103 54.8 27 62 120 0.02 48.34 0.0102

1561 454 34 0.04 0.02 2.3 15.6 1313 0.66 351 0.03 1.21 257 542 5.5 118 63.9 35 77 135 0.01 51.35 0.0102

1542 473 35 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.3 1145 0.63 342 0.03 1.19 261 527 5.2 113 64 35 82 136 0.02 7.9 8.3 18.1 0.039 50.72 0.0099

1523 492 36 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.5 1135 0.66 353 0.03 1.23 283 542 5.0 110 58.4 33 73 148 0.01 50.42 0.0093

1503 512 37 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.1 1160 0.64 345 0.04 1.23 301 542 5.1 110 60 32 74 144 0.02 7.1 9.0 18.1 0.040 51.06 0.0095

1484 531 38 0.02 0.02 2.3 16.8 1073 0.67 334 0.04 1.15 308 500 5.3 99 56.3 28 70 138 0.02 49.48 0.0106

1463 552 39 0.04 0.03 2.2 18.2 995 0.62 351 0.04 1.21 360 505 5.0 95 53.3 26 43 121 0.02 9.0 9.2 18.2 0.038 46.81 0.0099

1443 572 40 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 966 0.57 283 0.04 1.15 257 502 4.9 104 57.1 29 34 130 0.02 49.53 0.0098

1422 593 41 0.02 0.02 2.0 18.8 979 0.60 363 0.04 1.14 241 492 4.7 98 56.5 25 26 130 0.02 9.1 9.6 17.6 0.039 46.58 0.0096

1401 614 42 0.04 0.02 2.0 17.8 1024 0.61 421 0.04 1.15 255 496 4.9 106 63.4 30 28 134 0.02 48.38 0.0099

1380 635 43 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.3 1107 0.63 365 0.04 1.23 296 541 5.1 107 62.2 27 28 129 0.02 50.82 0.0095

1359 656 44 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.7 1183 0.67 359 0.05 1.21 287 529 5.4 97 67.4 29 27 128 0.02 8.4 7.3 18.5 0.034 51.44 0.0103

1337 678 45 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.5 1217 0.68 380 0.04 1.29 279 579 5.5 103 68.8 34 27 134 0.02 51.45 0.0095

1316 699 46 0.03 0.02 2.3 14.9 1281 0.67 403 0.04 1.28 280 574 5.6 105 74.5 34 31 145 0.02 52.54 0.0098

1294 721 47 0.04 0.03 2.5 13.4 1410 0.74 421 0.04 1.35 268 611 6.1 125 80.4 34 40 135 0.02 8.3 5.1 19.1 0.034 54.75 0.0099

1272 743 48 0.03 0.02 2.3 13.0 1309 0.74 382 0.04 1.35 281 618 5.8 134 84.1 36 36 127 0.02 56.34 0.0093

1251 764 49 0.03 0.02 2.2 14.7 1138 0.65 429 0.04 1.27 255 593 5.9 119 83.3 35 40 133 0.02 52.97 0.0099

1230 785 50 0.03 0.02 2.1 14.8 1070 0.69 412 0.04 1.30 273 583 5.8 117 86.7 36 36 122 0.02 8.0 6.8 18.1 0.034 53.12 0.0099

1208 807 51 0.04 0.02 2.1 16.8 964 0.64 415 0.06 1.29 276 559 5.4 93 73.5 28 32 108 0.03 49.39 0.0097

1187 828 52 0.02 0.03 2.0 16.9 920 0.62 405 0.05 1.33 268 584 5.2 91 72.8 34 30 116 0.03 49.7 0.0089

1166 849 53 0.04 0.03 1.9 17.2 876 0.62 404 0.04 1.33 252 566 5.3 86 69.8 33 26 111 0.02 49.22 0.0093

1145 870 54 0.04 0.02 1.9 17.1 925 0.65 440 0.04 1.36 270 589 5.7 96 78.9 37 27 106 0.02 48.7 0.0096

1124 891 55 0.03 0.02 1.8 17.8 842 0.59 395 0.05 1.30 272 556 5.1 76 68.6 30 29 122 0.03 48.35 0.0091

1103 912 56 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.6 874 0.59 415 0.05 1.33 289 558 5.3 76 76.8 37 26 119 0.03 8.8 7.8 18.9 0.032 50.37 0.0096

1083 932 57 0.03 0.02 1.8 16.0 879 0.59 380 0.05 1.36 286 581 5.5 85 72.3 37 23 115 0.03 51.36 0.0095

1062 953 58 0.03 0.03 1.9 16.6 897 0.58 383 0.04 1.37 281 595 5.5 99 64.2 36 17 121 0.02 50.01 0.0092

1042 973 59 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.4 884 0.56 353 0.05 1.36 289 575 5.4 93 68.1 35 16 130 0.03 48.59 0.0094

1021 994 60 0.04 0.02 1.9 16.9 868 0.58 396 0.05 1.32 274 547 5.3 95 72.2 38 13 115 0.02 49.74 0.0097

1001 1014 61 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.9 897 0.59 391 0.04 1.37 269 570 5.5 94 76.7 39 12 98 0.02 49.45 0.0096

981 1034 62 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.8 879 0.61 464 0.03 1.38 251 579 5.3 92 78.8 37 13 89 0.02 49.84 0.0091

960 1055 63 0.04 0.02 2.0 15.8 902 0.63 446 0.04 1.43 258 593 5.6 82 83.7 41 12 93 0.02 51.2 0.0095

940 1075 64 0.04 0.03 2.1 15.5 898 0.65 402 0.05 1.52 300 629 6.0 91 80.6 43 12 93 0.02 9.1 6.4 19.1 0.028 50.87 0.0096

920 1095 65 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.1 923 0.67 436 0.03 1.54 285 642 6.2 97 87 43 8 93 0.01 51.36 0.0097

900 1115 66 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.7 872 0.61 400 0.04 1.43 291 583 5.7 100 75.3 41 8 102 0.02 51.24 0.0098

879 1136 67 0.03 0.02 2.0 17.2 836 0.57 416 0.04 1.41 306 565 5.4 96 72.6 37 7 105 0.02 48.8 0.0095

859 1156 68 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.8 796 0.55 397 0.04 1.35 272 529 5.0 81 67.1 34 7 110 0.02 48.29 0.0095

839 1176 69 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.6 877 0.58 396 0.04 1.44 292 581 5.1 84 71.4 35 8 110 0.02 50.2 0.0088

819 1196 70 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.0 831 0.57 385 0.04 1.39 279 550 5.5 81 84.8 43 11 112 0.02 50.82 0.0100

798 1217 71 0.04 0.03 2.2 15.9 881 0.59 415 0.04 1.49 275 583 5.7 93 76.1 35 8 104 0.02 50.42 0.0097

778 1237 72 0.03 0.03 2.3 15.3 897 0.62 440 0.03 1.46 283 576 5.6 88 74.9 39 6 99 0.01 51.88 0.0096

757 1258 73 0.03 0.03 2.2 15.3 867 0.59 432 0.03 1.51 302 584 5.3 74 74.7 35 8 103 0.01 52.19 0.0091

737 1278 74 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.2 900 0.58 425 0.03 1.47 312 564 5.3 57 68.7 30 7 110 0.01 52.23 0.0095

716 1299 75 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.8 861 0.55 404 0.03 1.34 261 513 5.2 61 70.8 30 9 119 0.01 9.7 7.1 19.4 0.028 49.35 0.0101

696 1319 76 0.05 0.02 2.3 16.8 808 0.56 386 0.03 1.31 248 500 5.0 77 69.8 32 6 114 0.01 49.74 0.0099

675 1340 77 0.03 0.02 2.1 18.8 751 0.54 356 0.03 1.23 236 464 4.8 101 64.1 27 7 110 0.02 46.25 0.0104

654 1361 78 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.3 803 0.56 359 0.03 1.33 249 497 5.1 94 70 32 7 95 0.01 50.75 0.0102

633 1382 79 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.5 766 0.53 306 0.03 1.29 240 491 4.8 82 70.7 32 8 88 0.01 48.66 0.0099

612 1403 80 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.1 765 0.53 330 0.03 1.30 246 494 5.0 77 72.1 35 9 90 0.01 49.05 0.0102

591 1424 81 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 721 0.52 346 0.03 1.31 236 484 4.9 72 64.5 31 5 108 0.01 48.35 0.0101

569 1446 82 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.7 731 0.57 325 0.03 1.30 207 465 4.6 74 64.3 28 5 108 0.01 48.62 0.0098

548 1467 83 0.03 0.02 2.2 17.6 771 0.54 322 0.03 1.34 220 493 4.8 76 61.9 31 8 102 0.01 48.42 0.0097

526 1489 84 0.03 0.02 2.4 16.9 864 0.58 354 0.03 1.42 239 516 5.1 106 67.1 36 6 110 0.01 48.96 0.0099

504 1511 85 0.04 0.03 2.5 15.2 868 0.60 383 0.03 1.52 243 555 5.5 110 67.7 38 7 95 0.01 11.1 6.3 19.4 0.027 51.56 0.0098

482 1533 86 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.4 708 0.55 360 0.03 1.34 211 491 5.1 97 65.5 31 8 96 0.01 48.53 0.0104

459 1556 87 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.4 794 0.59 360 0.03 1.49 232 557 5.5 106 69.3 33 8 103 0.01 47.5 0.0098

437 1578 88 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.7 799 0.63 363 0.02 1.52 224 555 5.8 94 65.5 30 7 93 0.01 50.3 0.0105

414 1601 89 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 767 0.61 325 0.03 1.39 215 510 5.8 109 76.4 35 7 94 0.01 46.53 0.0114

391 1624 90 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 732 0.57 344 0.03 1.34 225 493 5.5 119 74.3 35 9 93 0.01 46.17 0.0111

368 1647 91 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.4 760 0.56 360 0.03 1.40 211 511 5.3 115 71 33 6 100 0.01 45.79 0.0103

345 1670 92 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 710 0.56 353 0.02 1.43 205 503 5.4 107 75.2 38 7 85 0.01 46.29 0.0107

321 1694 93 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.4 749 0.55 372 0.03 1.38 198 475 5.0 85 70 33 8 82 0.01 48.12 0.0105

297 1718 94 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.9 757 0.55 336 0.03 1.39 206 485 5.2 89 69.5 33 8 84 0.01 46.99 0.0107

273 1742 95 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.6 764 0.56 316 0.03 1.43 210 505 5.1 88 65.2 35 5 90 0.01 9.7 7.9 19.5 0.028 47.55 0.0101

248 1767 96 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.5 737 0.58 347 0.03 1.42 208 496 5.0 93 61.9 31 9 97 0.01 46 0.0101

223 1792 97 0.04 0.03 2.4 16.8 768 0.58 333 0.03 1.47 239 510 5.5 116 71.5 36 9 105 0.01 48.49 0.0107

198 1817 98 0.05 0.03 2.4 16.8 775 0.59 366 0.03 1.49 220 520 5.3 108 79.8 37 14 94 0.01 10.9 5.9 19.4 0.027 48.72 0.0101

173 1842 99 0.04 0.03 2.5 17.5 760 0.58 379 0.03 1.48 225 502 5.0 82 75.7 33 12 101 0.01 47.69 0.0100

147 1868 100 0.03 0.03 2.6 17.2 823 0.63 367 0.03 1.61 244 556 5.4 80 86.1 41 14 94 0.01 11.0 6.2 19.4 0.030 47.15 0.0097

41 1974 105 0.02 0.03 2.6 17.3 748 0.56 350 0.03 1.51 227 459 4.6 97 76.6 37 8 97 0.01 48.34 0.0100

-70 2085 109 0.03 0.03 2.6 16.4 681 0.54 355 0.03 1.55 231 454 4.5 69 64.4 30 4 79 0.01 8.9 7.5 19.3 0.027 50.66 0.0098

-186 2201 113 0.02 0.04 2.8 16.5 634 0.52 352 0.03 1.54 234 433 4.4 85 65.7 34 7 91 0.01 49.93 0.0103

-305 2320 117 0.04 0.04 3.0 15.2 767 0.54 348 0.03 1.66 262 461 4.7 103 67 33 7 95 0.01 51.81 0.0101

-428 2443 121 0.02 0.04 3.0 17.0 687 0.51 309 0.03 1.62 265 427 4.1 81 59.8 29 6 98 0.01 10.5 6.5 19.4 0.030 49.02 0.0095

-555 2570 125 0.03 0.04 2.9 17.9 720 0.50 309 0.04 1.53 274 414 3.9 79 62.6 34 7 87 0.01 47.65 0.0093

-684 2699 129 0.02 0.04 3.1 15.9 798 0.54 319 0.03 1.76 258 462 4.2 100 66.4 42 11 97 0.01 10.4 5.5 19.3 0.032 50.55 0.0092

-749 2764 131 0.03 0.04 3.2 15.0 817 0.54 321 0.03 1.78 277 469 4.2 91 61.1 44 8 115 0.01 52.27 0.0090

-782 2797 132 0.04 0.04 3.1 14.4 681 0.50 305 0.03 1.68 249 435 4.0 86 61.6 40 9 124 0.01 54.32 0.0092

-815 2830 133 0.04 0.05 3.3 14.2 797 0.53 340 0.03 1.81 263 475 4.3 101 56.2 45 5 107 0.01 53.63 0.0090

-848 2863 134 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.6 836 0.55 322 0.03 1.84 261 467 4.3 112 60.5 43 7 114 0.01 52.41 0.0092

-881 2896 135 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.4 806 0.59 339 0.03 1.77 266 445 4.2 103 59.4 36 6 109 0.01 51.31 0.0095

-915 2930 136 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.8 802 0.59 338 0.04 1.79 269 451 4.2 91 62.7 34 8 97 0.01 50.28 0.0093

-948 2963 137 0.03 0.04 3.3 15.0 816 0.59 343 0.04 1.84 277 469 4.2 96 66.8 42 10 98 0.01 8.7 6.2 19.3 0.032 51.99 0.0090

-981 2996 138 0.03 0.05 3.2 15.5 792 0.58 355 0.04 1.81 286 451 4.3 105 65 42 7 123 0.01 50.89 0.0095

-1015 3030 139 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.2 876 0.60 352 0.03 1.91 280 476 4.1 85 59.6 37 6 99 0.01 51.29 0.0087

-1049 3064 140 0.05 0.05 3.5 15.7 855 0.58 341 0.04 1.86 279 458 4.0 88 53.1 36 7 109 0.01 50.34 0.0087

-1082 3097 141 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.7 786 0.53 287 0.04 1.77 264 446 3.8 79 49.1 37 4 117 0.01 53.34 0.0084

-1116 3131 142 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 933 0.60 354 0.04 1.88 271 459 4.0 86 50.9 39 6 119 0.01 53.39 0.0086

-1150 3165 143 0.03 0.05 3.5 13.5 919 0.59 355 0.05 1.83 277 434 3.6 69 41.1 26 4 120 0.01 55.86 0.0082

-1184 3199 144 0.04 0.05 3.4 13.7 853 0.54 314 0.03 1.80 258 445 3.8 82 47.7 36 5 104 0.01 55.34 0.0086

-1218 3233 145 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.5 781 0.51 310 0.04 1.68 265 403 3.8 56 46.6 34 3 91 0.01 9.2 6.3 18.2 0.034 52.11 0.0094

-1252 3267 146 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.2 778 0.52 309 0.04 1.69 284 407 3.5 82 42 27 4 102 0.01 52.92 0.0087

-1286 3301 147 0.04 0.04 3.2 15.3 747 0.50 303 0.04 1.69 281 420 3.9 74 52.7 39 5 92 0.01 52.35 0.0092

-1320 3335 148 0.04 0.04 3.3 15.3 777 0.51 295 0.03 1.72 270 405 3.7 100 53.3 39 5 106 0.01 52.43 0.0091

-1354 3369 149 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.4 779 0.49 298 0.04 1.67 272 398 3.5 67 46.4 33 5 81 0.01 50.49 0.0088

-1388 3403 150 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 804 0.49 287 0.04 1.71 277 401 3.5 40 44.6 38 4 82 0.01 50.03 0.0087

-1422 3437 151 0.02 0.05 3.3 15.5 786 0.47 283 0.04 1.68 266 402 3.5 60 48.3 42 6 101 0.01 52.34 0.0087

-1456 3471 152 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.7 791 0.48 277 0.04 1.65 271 393 3.5 42 46.3 37 6 95 0.01 49.61 0.0090

-1491 3506 153 0.03 0.04 3.2 16.8 755 0.47 268 0.04 1.65 266 393 3.4 25 42.2 33 1 97 0.01 49.82 0.0088

-1525 3540 154 0.02 0.05 3.1 17.7 742 0.46 285 0.04 1.61 284 375 3.4 64 41.8 33 3 114 0.01 48.09 0.0090

-1559 3574 155 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.6 728 0.47 278 0.04 1.61 276 368 3.3 80 39.2 27 4 100 0.01 9.9 7.7 18.8 0.031 48.66 0.0090

-1593 3608 156 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.3 750 0.47 295 0.04 1.65 270 386 3.5 66 40.7 29 4 97 0.01 48.97 0.0089

-1628 3643 157 0.03 0.05 3.1 17.2 778 0.47 285 0.04 1.66 284 382 3.5 77 40.8 33 6 91 0.01 48.89 0.0092

-1662 3677 158 0.04 0.04 3.1 16.7 773 0.49 291 0.04 1.71 287 399 3.6 83 37.9 27 7 109 0.01 49.81 0.0090

-1696 3711 159 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.4 777 0.48 258 0.04 1.77 297 405 3.6 59 38.6 32 4 84 0.01 50.27 0.0088

-1730 3745 160 0.03 0.04 3.3 16.0 807 0.48 286 0.04 1.78 294 412 3.6 35 43.3 36 5 80 0.01 9.5 6.5 18.9 0.032 50.95 0.0087

-1765 3780 161 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.6 824 0.50 279 0.04 1.72 286 392 3.5 88 44.2 38 6 131 0.01 49.75 0.0089

-1799 3814 162 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.8 863 0.52 271 0.04 1.72 296 397 3.3 145 45.2 39 6 134 0.01 51.81 0.0084

-1834 3849 163 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 855 0.52 296 0.04 1.77 299 407 3.6 110 48.6 38 6 119 0.01 50.61 0.0089

-1868 3883 164 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 869 0.51 300 0.04 1.79 297 405 3.5 67 41.6 31 5 101 0.01 49.95 0.0086

-1903 3918 165 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.0 824 0.49 295 0.03 1.77 288 405 3.5 77 46.5 41 6 96 0.01 51.25 0.0087

-1937 3952 166 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.0 829 0.50 302 0.04 1.79 305 401 3.6 110 41.6 37 6 106 0.01 50.93 0.0089

-1972 3987 167 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.4 858 0.50 266 0.04 1.83 294 413 3.5 75 39.8 33 5 100 0.01 52.27 0.0084

-2006 4021 168 0.04 0.04 3.1 16.2 829 0.48 267 0.04 1.77 278 402 3.5 116 44 40 9 132 0.01 10.2 6.0 18.9 0.032 51.03 0.0087

-2041 4056 169 0.04 0.05 3.3 15.7 892 0.50 287 0.04 1.80 288 405 3.4 65 42.5 41 7 92 0.01 51.84 0.0083

-2075 4090 170 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.8 932 0.51 287 0.04 1.82 310 412 3.6 58 41.9 39 7 90 0.01 53.23 0.0086

-2110 4125 171 0.03 0.05 3.3 14.2 881 0.48 271 0.04 1.79 288 403 3.5 36 41 39 7 95 0.01 54.88 0.0086

-2145 4160 172 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 993 0.51 267 0.03 1.86 283 425 3.6 73 44.3 45 8 100 0.01 53.04 0.0085

-2179 4194 173 0.03 0.05 3.5 15.7 1113 0.56 278 0.03 1.79 266 414 3.7 183 45.4 38 9 132 0.01 50.81 0.0089

-2214 4229 174 0.02 0.05 3.2 15.2 1157 0.61 241 0.03 1.64 268 374 3.3 211 42.3 31 7 146 0.01 53.31 0.0088

-2249 4264 175 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 1136 0.57 281 0.04 1.88 313 436 3.7 128 42.7 39 7 117 0.01 52.81 0.0085

-2283 4298 176 0.02 0.06 3.5 15.1 1007 0.53 265 0.04 1.93 331 438 3.8 91 46.2 42 3 112 0.01 52.02 0.0086

-2318 4333 177 0.03 0.06 3.7 14.9 1047 0.55 271 0.04 1.97 295 452 3.9 105 47.8 43 6 144 0.01 51.77 0.0086

-2353 4368 178 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 928 0.50 259 0.04 1.88 302 419 3.8 98 45.1 42 5 129 0.01 9.0 5.3 19.3 0.029 53.96 0.0090

-2388 4403 179 0.04 0.05 3.6 15.0 969 0.52 272 0.04 1.90 293 427 3.7 89 42.5 36 5 111 0.01 51.98 0.0088

-2423 4438 180 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.5 908 0.50 257 0.03 1.85 294 423 3.6 98 42.4 33 6 115 0.01 53.72 0.0085

-2597 4612 185 0.04 0.05 3.6 14.2 915 0.52 244 0.03 1.87 298 449 4.4 147 51.6 48 5 121 0.01 52.84 0.0098

-2737 4752 189 0.03 0.04 3.5 15.1 880 0.51 227 0.04 1.76 284 419 4.1 117 50.8 42 2 111 0.01 10.0 5.1 18.9 0.028 51.85 0.0097

-2877 4892 193 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.9 905 0.50 233 0.03 1.78 293 425 3.8 103 44.2 35 3 108 0.01 52.7 0.0089

-3018 5033 197 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 931 0.53 218 0.03 1.86 294 420 3.8 134 46.5 38 5 113 0.01 53.77 0.0090

-3159 5174 201 0.02 0.04 3.1 16.7 933 0.53 228 0.04 1.63 299 374 3.0 147 43.6 33 7 128 0.01 50.62 0.0080

-3300 5315 205 0.03 0.04 3.4 16.4 975 0.52 234 0.04 1.70 309 383 3.0 125 42.9 34 5 121 0.01 50.85 0.0079

-3442 5457 209 0.02 0.04 3.4 16.5 980 0.49 200 0.04 1.70 291 380 2.9 97 42.1 32 5 115 0.01 9.5 7.0 18.2 0.029 50.57 0.0076

-3584 5599 213 0.02 0.04 2.9 18.8 800 0.47 225 0.03 1.56 273 353 2.8 79 40.6 30 5 113 0.01 47.18 0.0078

-3726 5741 217 0.03 0.05 3.4 16.4 1087 0.52 228 0.04 1.74 297 378 2.7 115 47.1 34 8 133 0.01 50.96 0.0072

-3869 5884 221 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.9 1085 0.54 217 0.04 1.69 303 371 2.4 70 38.4 19 4 146 0.01 10.1 6.8 16.7 0.033 50.74 0.0066

-4011 6026 225 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.8 1110 0.53 231 0.04 1.67 315 363 2.3 105 43.8 26 5 136 0.01 53.74 0.0063

-4155 6170 229 0.03 0.05 3.1 15.8 1189 0.55 204 0.04 1.72 315 380 2.3 98 47 30 4 147 0.01 53.41 0.0062

-4298 6313 233 0.03 0.05 3.4 15.4 1283 0.55 207 0.04 1.75 329 376 2.3 54 46.5 32 6 124 0.01 53.7 0.0062

-4441 6456 237 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 1410 0.55 211 0.04 1.80 394 379 2.4 78 45.1 28 3 186 0.01 9.3 4.9 17.8 0.031 55.96 0.0063

-4585 6600 241 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 1407 0.54 206 0.04 1.80 351 388 2.3 91 47.8 29 3 125 0.01 52.39 0.0060

-4729 6744 245 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.5 1512 0.62 181 0.05 1.78 333 387 2.4 87 50.5 30 4 176 0.01 53.55 0.0061

-4874 6889 249 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.6 1774 0.63 195 0.05 1.91 336 407 2.5 89 45.7 28 4 203 0.01 52.32 0.0061

-4946 6961 251 0.05 0.05 3.3 16.8 1859 0.63 183 0.05 1.84 309 369 2.1 110 46.1 32 5 187 0.02 10.3 6.4 16.3 0.032 50.95 0.0058

-5090 7105 255 0.05 0.06 3.4 17.1 1977 0.57 201 0.06 1.80 327 364 2.0 56 41.7 28 4 182 0.02 50.25 0.0054

-5235 7250 259 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.8 1927 0.55 156 0.06 1.75 312 352 1.9 117 48.7 28 3 211 0.02 51.6 0.0055

-5380 7395 263 0.03 0.05 2.9 17.9 1709 0.54 155 0.07 1.60 296 324 1.8 100 49.7 25 4 170 0.02 11.2 6.8 14.7 0.034 50.11 0.0055

-5525 7540 267 0.05 0.05 2.7 20.2 1811 0.59 166 0.09 1.58 346 318 1.7 113 50.2 19 6 187 0.03 45.64 0.0054

-5671 7686 271 0.05 0.06 3.1 18.2 2246 0.70 177 0.09 1.76 344 353 2.0 151 51.7 23 4 239 0.03 48.27 0.0057

-5816 7831 275 0.06 0.06 2.7 19.6 1961 0.60 177 0.12 1.65 357 345 1.9 148 46.8 20 5 185 0.05 46.37 0.0055

-5962 7977 279 0.09 0.06 2.4 23.0 1727 0.61 160 0.19 1.53 409 315 1.8 119 45.8 18 5 144 0.08 11.1 11.9 15.0 0.026 39.89 0.0056

-6108 8123 283 0.08 0.05 2.2 24.6 1493 0.59 177 0.19 1.42 398 291 1.7 138 46.5 20 5 135 0.09 37.31 0.0058

-6254 8269 287 0.07 0.06 2.3 22.4 1733 0.65 173 0.16 1.54 371 321 1.8 152 46 19 4 190 0.07 41.28 0.0056

-6400 8415 291 0.08 0.06 2.4 22.0 1911 0.59 197 0.18 1.66 395 361 1.8 161 51.1 21 5 112 0.07 12.1 9.9 14.7 0.029 41.86 0.0049

-6546 8561 295 0.07 0.06 2.3 20.4 1914 0.68 178 0.17 1.61 404 328 1.8 150 52.2 23 7 138 0.08 11.2 7.3 13.6 0.035 45.47 0.0056

-6693 8708 299 0.09 0.06 2.2 21.9 1857 0.67 177 0.19 1.57 400 348 1.8 164 52.4 22 4 155 0.09 42.48 0.0050

-6839 8854 303 0.05 0.06 2.2 20.2 2106 0.77 178 0.13 1.63 336 348 2.0 174 54.7 18 4 163 0.06 6.3 0.3 11.6 0.028 45.69 0.0059

-6913 8928 305 0.05 0.04 1.9 18.5 1909 0.82 174 0.11 1.51 326 412 4.4 201 60 13 3 184 0.06 46.82 0.0107

-7059 9074 309 0.06 0.05 1.5 15.6 1088 0.85 170 0.13 1.45 325 424 6.2 192 65.6 11 3 121 0.09 51.38 0.0146

-7206 9221 313 0.08 0.06 1.6 6.5 770 1.54 194 0.15 1.49 333 468 12.2 256 77.1 8 3 103 0.09 61.2 0.0261

-7353 9368 317 0.11 0.07 1.5 7.5 454 1.49 173 0.22 1.41 437 477 12.6 242 65.7 1 5 117 0.15 58.77 0.0265

-7500 9515 321 0.19 0.09 1.7 9.9 354 1.05 199 0.41 1.23 701 429 11.9 221 56.8 5 5 107 0.24 54.62 0.0277

-7647 9662 325 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.2 303 0.86 183 0.78 1.05 1096 376 9.5 195 42.2 19 7 121 0.36 14.1 0.1 9.0 0.023 47.37 0.0253

-7794 9809 329 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.7 326 0.90 184 0.80 1.04 1193 386 10.1 206 41.4 21 6 129 0.37 45.66 0.0262

-7941 9956 333 0.42 0.15 2.2 16.1 321 0.86 125 0.87 1.01 1215 391 10.3 176 38 29 9 100 0.39 42.11 0.0264

-8088 10103 337 0.69 0.17 2.4 21.1 299 0.77 66 1.27 0.83 1655 291 5.8 91 20.7 42 11 78 0.52 36.96 0.0199

-8235 10250 341 0.74 0.18 2.5 21.8 285 0.62 64 1.38 0.85 1922 297 5.2 77 18.5 39 11 64 0.54 21.8 0.0 8.4 0.016 35.92 0.0174

-8382 10397 345 0.86 0.19 2.7 24.6 260 0.39 50 1.62 0.75 2051 234 2.9 39 9.7 33 9 38 0.61 32.81 0.0126

-8530 10545 349 1.07 0.18 3.0 29.1 320 0.21 46 1.96 0.69 2243 229 2.6 30 5.9 44 13 23 0.65 22.61 0.0113

-8677 10692 353 0.93 0.18 2.8 27.3 259 0.20 1 1.84 0.61 2108 211 2.5 19 6.3 56 13 20 0.66 27.3 0.0 6.3 0.018 27.46 0.0119

Attachment 1 continued. Stångtjärnen data set Part 3

Attachment 2. Holtjärnen data set Part 1


2011 4 0.0 0.08 0.05 1.5 11.3 1968 0.95 743 0.17 0.93 438 299 4.8 59 77.8 22 57 483 0.12 62.8 0.0162

2009 6 0.5 0.08 0.04 1.7 12.6 1331 0.84 514 0.20 0.88 603 273 4.6 76 76.5 18 59 483 0.12 60.36 0.0167

2007 8 1.0 0.08 0.04 1.8 12.8 1229 0.90 494 0.20 0.89 600 303 4.6 102 89 25 72 468 0.11 59.7 0.0152

2004 11 1.5 0.07 0.04 1.8 12.3 1007 1.01 450 0.17 0.95 535 322 4.7 105 77.8 24 71 476 0.10 60.37 0.0147

2002 13 2.0 0.12 0.05 2.0 11.9 936 1.38 407 0.21 1.02 581 347 5.5 147 78 35 89 460 0.10 8.1 3.8 17.2 0.035 59.2 0.0157

2000 15 2.5 0.11 0.05 2.1 12.2 971 1.44 375 0.23 0.99 643 341 5.5 139 76.9 37 101 449 0.11 58.23 0.0162

1998 17 3.0 0.10 0.05 2.1 12.1 876 1.66 354 0.23 0.96 642 320 5.4 138 58.1 28 93 445 0.11 58.54 0.0168

1995 20 3.5 0.12 0.04 2.1 12.8 887 2.13 351 0.22 0.92 627 313 6.0 162 57.6 33 113 405 0.10 55.54 0.0193

1993 22 4.0 0.24 0.07 2.7 16.7 858 1.13 246 0.55 0.80 1206 277 4.3 99 32.4 34 78 337 0.21 49.1 0.0156

1990 25 4.5 0.15 0.05 2.4 13.7 877 1.83 315 0.33 0.91 816 327 5.6 161 48.9 37 113 362 0.13 53.75 0.0172

1988 27 5 0.22 0.06 2.4 17.4 812 1.03 227 0.53 0.80 1063 276 4.1 98 39 35 74 301 0.22 48.58 0.0150

1982 33 6 0.05 0.02 1.9 15.7 786 1.29 339 0.13 0.97 460 326 5.3 135 45.6 27 99 366 0.07 52.02 0.0161

1976 39 7 0.04 0.03 1.9 16.1 853 1.13 338 0.12 1.00 460 335 5.2 138 50.5 30 112 396 0.06 9.6 6.5 13.9 0.031 51.33 0.0155

1969 46 8 0.05 0.03 2.0 15.5 850 0.92 358 0.13 1.04 489 343 5.1 136 49.2 29 114 368 0.06 52.62 0.0149

1962 53 9 0.06 0.04 2.3 15.2 929 0.80 358 0.17 1.05 597 362 5.3 150 47.3 29 113 320 0.07 52.42 0.0147

1953 62 10 0.06 0.03 2.4 15.2 973 0.72 323 0.15 1.04 578 365 5.2 148 50.6 37 122 285 0.07 52.64 0.0143

1944 71 11 0.05 0.03 2.3 15.0 991 0.69 349 0.14 1.03 545 368 5.1 143 50.6 35 116 262 0.06 53.42 0.0137

1934 81 12 0.05 0.03 2.2 15.6 947 0.68 336 0.12 1.05 506 372 5.0 127 46.6 27 101 236 0.05 52.44 0.0135

1923 92 13 0.06 0.03 2.3 16.5 968 0.66 352 0.12 1.02 519 374 5.0 114 51.1 30 112 229 0.05 10.6 5.9 15.8 0.035 50.63 0.0132

1911 104 14 0.05 0.02 2.3 15.6 985 0.65 343 0.11 1.02 495 379 4.9 119 48.9 29 108 219 0.05 52.41 0.0130

1898 117 15 0.04 0.03 2.3 15.6 1056 0.65 368 0.11 1.03 500 377 4.8 114 44.4 24 105 209 0.05 52.41 0.0129

1885 130 16 0.05 0.02 2.4 14.4 1087 0.65 343 0.10 1.04 499 387 5.1 121 49.6 31 120 204 0.04 54.43 0.0133

1870 145 17 0.04 0.02 2.4 15.1 1193 0.63 370 0.08 1.04 426 413 4.6 145 52.7 33 117 168 0.03 53.69 0.0112

1855 160 18 0.03 0.01 2.2 17.3 1090 0.61 345 0.06 0.98 380 387 4.4 131 52.2 26 95 166 0.03 9.0 8.3 16.9 0.037 50.14 0.0114

1839 176 19 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 1069 0.59 309 0.05 0.96 354 379 4.4 109 43.8 20 79 161 0.03 50.47 0.0115

1822 193 20 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.2 1116 0.59 313 0.05 0.97 336 384 4.3 117 47.7 25 84 158 0.03 50.62 0.0111

1805 210 21 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.5 1095 0.59 319 0.06 0.96 330 377 4.3 108 45 21 73 161 0.03 8.6 8.8 16.3 0.036 49.87 0.0115

1788 227 22 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1090 0.58 328 0.05 0.98 334 397 4.3 117 48.6 23 68 150 0.02 49.82 0.0109

1770 245 23 0.02 0.02 2.1 17.4 1141 0.61 336 0.05 1.00 329 405 4.4 121 50.4 23 69 152 0.02 49.73 0.0110

1751 264 24 0.04 0.01 2.0 18.8 1052 0.60 297 0.05 0.97 322 386 4.3 120 49.5 25 65 159 0.02 47.28 0.0111

1733 282 25 0.03 0.02 2.0 19.3 1052 0.59 332 0.05 0.95 350 387 4.1 103 45.1 20 56 153 0.03 46.66 0.0106

1714 301 26 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.2 1040 0.59 314 0.05 0.94 318 384 4.1 106 48.7 21 52 150 0.02 8.1 11.1 16.6 0.036 47.17 0.0106

1694 321 27 0.04 0.01 1.9 18.7 1042 0.60 339 0.04 0.97 337 400 4.3 106 53 21 54 143 0.02 47.74 0.0107

1675 340 28 0.02 0.01 1.9 17.9 1082 0.56 275 0.04 0.98 312 418 4.2 116 54.1 22 45 137 0.02 9.7 8.3 17.3 0.038 49.75 0.0099

1656 359 29 0.02 0.01 1.8 19.5 1035 0.58 328 0.04 1.00 260 427 4.2 109 47.4 21 45 138 0.02 46.47 0.0098

1637 378 30 0.03 0.01 1.8 19.1 1017 0.57 282 0.04 0.97 256 406 4.2 98 48.7 22 48 137 0.02 47.14 0.0105

1617 398 31 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.9 1009 0.56 286 0.03 0.98 238 417 4.2 95 49.6 21 48 142 0.02 9.0 10.9 17.0 0.039 45.52 0.0102

1598 417 32 0.03 0.02 1.9 19.7 1021 0.57 302 0.03 1.01 233 435 4.4 89 52 23 54 133 0.02 8.7 11.0 17.1 0.040 45.63 0.0101

1580 435 33 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1239 0.65 329 0.04 1.12 250 496 5.1 103 54.8 27 62 120 0.02 48.34 0.0102

1561 454 34 0.04 0.02 2.3 15.6 1313 0.66 351 0.03 1.21 257 542 5.5 118 63.9 35 77 135 0.01 51.35 0.0102

1542 473 35 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.3 1145 0.63 342 0.03 1.19 261 527 5.2 113 64 35 82 136 0.02 7.9 8.3 18.1 0.039 50.72 0.0099

1523 492 36 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.5 1135 0.66 353 0.03 1.23 283 542 5.0 110 58.4 33 73 148 0.01 50.42 0.0093

1503 512 37 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.1 1160 0.64 345 0.04 1.23 301 542 5.1 110 60 32 74 144 0.02 7.1 9.0 18.1 0.040 51.06 0.0095

1484 531 38 0.02 0.02 2.3 16.8 1073 0.67 334 0.04 1.15 308 500 5.3 99 56.3 28 70 138 0.02 49.48 0.0106

1463 552 39 0.04 0.03 2.2 18.2 995 0.62 351 0.04 1.21 360 505 5.0 95 53.3 26 43 121 0.02 9.0 9.2 18.2 0.038 46.81 0.0099

1443 572 40 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 966 0.57 283 0.04 1.15 257 502 4.9 104 57.1 29 34 130 0.02 49.53 0.0098

1422 593 41 0.02 0.02 2.0 18.8 979 0.60 363 0.04 1.14 241 492 4.7 98 56.5 25 26 130 0.02 9.1 9.6 17.6 0.039 46.58 0.0096

1401 614 42 0.04 0.02 2.0 17.8 1024 0.61 421 0.04 1.15 255 496 4.9 106 63.4 30 28 134 0.02 48.38 0.0099

1380 635 43 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.3 1107 0.63 365 0.04 1.23 296 541 5.1 107 62.2 27 28 129 0.02 50.82 0.0095

1359 656 44 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.7 1183 0.67 359 0.05 1.21 287 529 5.4 97 67.4 29 27 128 0.02 8.4 7.3 18.5 0.034 51.44 0.0103

1337 678 45 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.5 1217 0.68 380 0.04 1.29 279 579 5.5 103 68.8 34 27 134 0.02 51.45 0.0095

1316 699 46 0.03 0.02 2.3 14.9 1281 0.67 403 0.04 1.28 280 574 5.6 105 74.5 34 31 145 0.02 52.54 0.0098

1294 721 47 0.04 0.03 2.5 13.4 1410 0.74 421 0.04 1.35 268 611 6.1 125 80.4 34 40 135 0.02 8.3 5.1 19.1 0.034 54.75 0.0099

1272 743 48 0.03 0.02 2.3 13.0 1309 0.74 382 0.04 1.35 281 618 5.8 134 84.1 36 36 127 0.02 56.34 0.0093

1251 764 49 0.03 0.02 2.2 14.7 1138 0.65 429 0.04 1.27 255 593 5.9 119 83.3 35 40 133 0.02 52.97 0.0099

1230 785 50 0.03 0.02 2.1 14.8 1070 0.69 412 0.04 1.30 273 583 5.8 117 86.7 36 36 122 0.02 8.0 6.8 18.1 0.034 53.12 0.0099

1208 807 51 0.04 0.02 2.1 16.8 964 0.64 415 0.06 1.29 276 559 5.4 93 73.5 28 32 108 0.03 49.39 0.0097

1187 828 52 0.02 0.03 2.0 16.9 920 0.62 405 0.05 1.33 268 584 5.2 91 72.8 34 30 116 0.03 49.7 0.0089

1166 849 53 0.04 0.03 1.9 17.2 876 0.62 404 0.04 1.33 252 566 5.3 86 69.8 33 26 111 0.02 49.22 0.0093

1145 870 54 0.04 0.02 1.9 17.1 925 0.65 440 0.04 1.36 270 589 5.7 96 78.9 37 27 106 0.02 48.7 0.0096

1124 891 55 0.03 0.02 1.8 17.8 842 0.59 395 0.05 1.30 272 556 5.1 76 68.6 30 29 122 0.03 48.35 0.0091

1103 912 56 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.6 874 0.59 415 0.05 1.33 289 558 5.3 76 76.8 37 26 119 0.03 8.8 7.8 18.9 0.032 50.37 0.0096

1083 932 57 0.03 0.02 1.8 16.0 879 0.59 380 0.05 1.36 286 581 5.5 85 72.3 37 23 115 0.03 51.36 0.0095

1062 953 58 0.03 0.03 1.9 16.6 897 0.58 383 0.04 1.37 281 595 5.5 99 64.2 36 17 121 0.02 50.01 0.0092

1042 973 59 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.4 884 0.56 353 0.05 1.36 289 575 5.4 93 68.1 35 16 130 0.03 48.59 0.0094

1021 994 60 0.04 0.02 1.9 16.9 868 0.58 396 0.05 1.32 274 547 5.3 95 72.2 38 13 115 0.02 49.74 0.0097

1001 1014 61 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.9 897 0.59 391 0.04 1.37 269 570 5.5 94 76.7 39 12 98 0.02 49.45 0.0096

981 1034 62 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.8 879 0.61 464 0.03 1.38 251 579 5.3 92 78.8 37 13 89 0.02 49.84 0.0091

960 1055 63 0.04 0.02 2.0 15.8 902 0.63 446 0.04 1.43 258 593 5.6 82 83.7 41 12 93 0.02 51.2 0.0095

940 1075 64 0.04 0.03 2.1 15.5 898 0.65 402 0.05 1.52 300 629 6.0 91 80.6 43 12 93 0.02 9.1 6.4 19.1 0.028 50.87 0.0096

920 1095 65 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.1 923 0.67 436 0.03 1.54 285 642 6.2 97 87 43 8 93 0.01 51.36 0.0097

900 1115 66 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.7 872 0.61 400 0.04 1.43 291 583 5.7 100 75.3 41 8 102 0.02 51.24 0.0098

879 1136 67 0.03 0.02 2.0 17.2 836 0.57 416 0.04 1.41 306 565 5.4 96 72.6 37 7 105 0.02 48.8 0.0095

859 1156 68 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.8 796 0.55 397 0.04 1.35 272 529 5.0 81 67.1 34 7 110 0.02 48.29 0.0095

839 1176 69 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.6 877 0.58 396 0.04 1.44 292 581 5.1 84 71.4 35 8 110 0.02 50.2 0.0088

819 1196 70 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.0 831 0.57 385 0.04 1.39 279 550 5.5 81 84.8 43 11 112 0.02 50.82 0.0100

798 1217 71 0.04 0.03 2.2 15.9 881 0.59 415 0.04 1.49 275 583 5.7 93 76.1 35 8 104 0.02 50.42 0.0097

778 1237 72 0.03 0.03 2.3 15.3 897 0.62 440 0.03 1.46 283 576 5.6 88 74.9 39 6 99 0.01 51.88 0.0096

757 1258 73 0.03 0.03 2.2 15.3 867 0.59 432 0.03 1.51 302 584 5.3 74 74.7 35 8 103 0.01 52.19 0.0091

737 1278 74 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.2 900 0.58 425 0.03 1.47 312 564 5.3 57 68.7 30 7 110 0.01 52.23 0.0095

716 1299 75 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.8 861 0.55 404 0.03 1.34 261 513 5.2 61 70.8 30 9 119 0.01 9.7 7.1 19.4 0.028 49.35 0.0101

696 1319 76 0.05 0.02 2.3 16.8 808 0.56 386 0.03 1.31 248 500 5.0 77 69.8 32 6 114 0.01 49.74 0.0099

675 1340 77 0.03 0.02 2.1 18.8 751 0.54 356 0.03 1.23 236 464 4.8 101 64.1 27 7 110 0.02 46.25 0.0104

654 1361 78 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.3 803 0.56 359 0.03 1.33 249 497 5.1 94 70 32 7 95 0.01 50.75 0.0102

633 1382 79 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.5 766 0.53 306 0.03 1.29 240 491 4.8 82 70.7 32 8 88 0.01 48.66 0.0099

612 1403 80 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.1 765 0.53 330 0.03 1.30 246 494 5.0 77 72.1 35 9 90 0.01 49.05 0.0102

591 1424 81 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 721 0.52 346 0.03 1.31 236 484 4.9 72 64.5 31 5 108 0.01 48.35 0.0101

569 1446 82 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.7 731 0.57 325 0.03 1.30 207 465 4.6 74 64.3 28 5 108 0.01 48.62 0.0098

548 1467 83 0.03 0.02 2.2 17.6 771 0.54 322 0.03 1.34 220 493 4.8 76 61.9 31 8 102 0.01 48.42 0.0097

526 1489 84 0.03 0.02 2.4 16.9 864 0.58 354 0.03 1.42 239 516 5.1 106 67.1 36 6 110 0.01 48.96 0.0099

504 1511 85 0.04 0.03 2.5 15.2 868 0.60 383 0.03 1.52 243 555 5.5 110 67.7 38 7 95 0.01 11.1 6.3 19.4 0.027 51.56 0.0098

482 1533 86 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.4 708 0.55 360 0.03 1.34 211 491 5.1 97 65.5 31 8 96 0.01 48.53 0.0104

459 1556 87 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.4 794 0.59 360 0.03 1.49 232 557 5.5 106 69.3 33 8 103 0.01 47.5 0.0098

437 1578 88 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.7 799 0.63 363 0.02 1.52 224 555 5.8 94 65.5 30 7 93 0.01 50.3 0.0105

414 1601 89 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 767 0.61 325 0.03 1.39 215 510 5.8 109 76.4 35 7 94 0.01 46.53 0.0114

391 1624 90 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 732 0.57 344 0.03 1.34 225 493 5.5 119 74.3 35 9 93 0.01 46.17 0.0111

368 1647 91 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.4 760 0.56 360 0.03 1.40 211 511 5.3 115 71 33 6 100 0.01 45.79 0.0103

345 1670 92 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 710 0.56 353 0.02 1.43 205 503 5.4 107 75.2 38 7 85 0.01 46.29 0.0107

321 1694 93 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.4 749 0.55 372 0.03 1.38 198 475 5.0 85 70 33 8 82 0.01 48.12 0.0105

297 1718 94 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.9 757 0.55 336 0.03 1.39 206 485 5.2 89 69.5 33 8 84 0.01 46.99 0.0107

273 1742 95 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.6 764 0.56 316 0.03 1.43 210 505 5.1 88 65.2 35 5 90 0.01 9.7 7.9 19.5 0.028 47.55 0.0101

248 1767 96 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.5 737 0.58 347 0.03 1.42 208 496 5.0 93 61.9 31 9 97 0.01 46 0.0101

223 1792 97 0.04 0.03 2.4 16.8 768 0.58 333 0.03 1.47 239 510 5.5 116 71.5 36 9 105 0.01 48.49 0.0107

198 1817 98 0.05 0.03 2.4 16.8 775 0.59 366 0.03 1.49 220 520 5.3 108 79.8 37 14 94 0.01 10.9 5.9 19.4 0.027 48.72 0.0101

173 1842 99 0.04 0.03 2.5 17.5 760 0.58 379 0.03 1.48 225 502 5.0 82 75.7 33 12 101 0.01 47.69 0.0100

147 1868 100 0.03 0.03 2.6 17.2 823 0.63 367 0.03 1.61 244 556 5.4 80 86.1 41 14 94 0.01 11.0 6.2 19.4 0.030 47.15 0.0097

41 1974 105 0.02 0.03 2.6 17.3 748 0.56 350 0.03 1.51 227 459 4.6 97 76.6 37 8 97 0.01 48.34 0.0100

-70 2085 109 0.03 0.03 2.6 16.4 681 0.54 355 0.03 1.55 231 454 4.5 69 64.4 30 4 79 0.01 8.9 7.5 19.3 0.027 50.66 0.0098

-186 2201 113 0.02 0.04 2.8 16.5 634 0.52 352 0.03 1.54 234 433 4.4 85 65.7 34 7 91 0.01 49.93 0.0103

-305 2320 117 0.04 0.04 3.0 15.2 767 0.54 348 0.03 1.66 262 461 4.7 103 67 33 7 95 0.01 51.81 0.0101

-428 2443 121 0.02 0.04 3.0 17.0 687 0.51 309 0.03 1.62 265 427 4.1 81 59.8 29 6 98 0.01 10.5 6.5 19.4 0.030 49.02 0.0095

-555 2570 125 0.03 0.04 2.9 17.9 720 0.50 309 0.04 1.53 274 414 3.9 79 62.6 34 7 87 0.01 47.65 0.0093

-684 2699 129 0.02 0.04 3.1 15.9 798 0.54 319 0.03 1.76 258 462 4.2 100 66.4 42 11 97 0.01 10.4 5.5 19.3 0.032 50.55 0.0092

-749 2764 131 0.03 0.04 3.2 15.0 817 0.54 321 0.03 1.78 277 469 4.2 91 61.1 44 8 115 0.01 52.27 0.0090

-782 2797 132 0.04 0.04 3.1 14.4 681 0.50 305 0.03 1.68 249 435 4.0 86 61.6 40 9 124 0.01 54.32 0.0092

-815 2830 133 0.04 0.05 3.3 14.2 797 0.53 340 0.03 1.81 263 475 4.3 101 56.2 45 5 107 0.01 53.63 0.0090

-848 2863 134 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.6 836 0.55 322 0.03 1.84 261 467 4.3 112 60.5 43 7 114 0.01 52.41 0.0092

-881 2896 135 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.4 806 0.59 339 0.03 1.77 266 445 4.2 103 59.4 36 6 109 0.01 51.31 0.0095

-915 2930 136 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.8 802 0.59 338 0.04 1.79 269 451 4.2 91 62.7 34 8 97 0.01 50.28 0.0093

-948 2963 137 0.03 0.04 3.3 15.0 816 0.59 343 0.04 1.84 277 469 4.2 96 66.8 42 10 98 0.01 8.7 6.2 19.3 0.032 51.99 0.0090

-981 2996 138 0.03 0.05 3.2 15.5 792 0.58 355 0.04 1.81 286 451 4.3 105 65 42 7 123 0.01 50.89 0.0095

-1015 3030 139 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.2 876 0.60 352 0.03 1.91 280 476 4.1 85 59.6 37 6 99 0.01 51.29 0.0087

-1049 3064 140 0.05 0.05 3.5 15.7 855 0.58 341 0.04 1.86 279 458 4.0 88 53.1 36 7 109 0.01 50.34 0.0087

-1082 3097 141 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.7 786 0.53 287 0.04 1.77 264 446 3.8 79 49.1 37 4 117 0.01 53.34 0.0084

-1116 3131 142 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 933 0.60 354 0.04 1.88 271 459 4.0 86 50.9 39 6 119 0.01 53.39 0.0086

-1150 3165 143 0.03 0.05 3.5 13.5 919 0.59 355 0.05 1.83 277 434 3.6 69 41.1 26 4 120 0.01 55.86 0.0082

-1184 3199 144 0.04 0.05 3.4 13.7 853 0.54 314 0.03 1.80 258 445 3.8 82 47.7 36 5 104 0.01 55.34 0.0086

-1218 3233 145 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.5 781 0.51 310 0.04 1.68 265 403 3.8 56 46.6 34 3 91 0.01 9.2 6.3 18.2 0.034 52.11 0.0094

-1252 3267 146 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.2 778 0.52 309 0.04 1.69 284 407 3.5 82 42 27 4 102 0.01 52.92 0.0087

-1286 3301 147 0.04 0.04 3.2 15.3 747 0.50 303 0.04 1.69 281 420 3.9 74 52.7 39 5 92 0.01 52.35 0.0092

-1320 3335 148 0.04 0.04 3.3 15.3 777 0.51 295 0.03 1.72 270 405 3.7 100 53.3 39 5 106 0.01 52.43 0.0091

-1354 3369 149 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.4 779 0.49 298 0.04 1.67 272 398 3.5 67 46.4 33 5 81 0.01 50.49 0.0088

-1388 3403 150 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 804 0.49 287 0.04 1.71 277 401 3.5 40 44.6 38 4 82 0.01 50.03 0.0087

-1422 3437 151 0.02 0.05 3.3 15.5 786 0.47 283 0.04 1.68 266 402 3.5 60 48.3 42 6 101 0.01 52.34 0.0087

-1456 3471 152 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.7 791 0.48 277 0.04 1.65 271 393 3.5 42 46.3 37 6 95 0.01 49.61 0.0090

-1491 3506 153 0.03 0.04 3.2 16.8 755 0.47 268 0.04 1.65 266 393 3.4 25 42.2 33 1 97 0.01 49.82 0.0088

-1525 3540 154 0.02 0.05 3.1 17.7 742 0.46 285 0.04 1.61 284 375 3.4 64 41.8 33 3 114 0.01 48.09 0.0090

-1559 3574 155 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.6 728 0.47 278 0.04 1.61 276 368 3.3 80 39.2 27 4 100 0.01 9.9 7.7 18.8 0.031 48.66 0.0090

-1593 3608 156 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.3 750 0.47 295 0.04 1.65 270 386 3.5 66 40.7 29 4 97 0.01 48.97 0.0089

-1628 3643 157 0.03 0.05 3.1 17.2 778 0.47 285 0.04 1.66 284 382 3.5 77 40.8 33 6 91 0.01 48.89 0.0092

-1662 3677 158 0.04 0.04 3.1 16.7 773 0.49 291 0.04 1.71 287 399 3.6 83 37.9 27 7 109 0.01 49.81 0.0090

-1696 3711 159 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.4 777 0.48 258 0.04 1.77 297 405 3.6 59 38.6 32 4 84 0.01 50.27 0.0088

-1730 3745 160 0.03 0.04 3.3 16.0 807 0.48 286 0.04 1.78 294 412 3.6 35 43.3 36 5 80 0.01 9.5 6.5 18.9 0.032 50.95 0.0087

-1765 3780 161 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.6 824 0.50 279 0.04 1.72 286 392 3.5 88 44.2 38 6 131 0.01 49.75 0.0089

-1799 3814 162 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.8 863 0.52 271 0.04 1.72 296 397 3.3 145 45.2 39 6 134 0.01 51.81 0.0084

-1834 3849 163 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 855 0.52 296 0.04 1.77 299 407 3.6 110 48.6 38 6 119 0.01 50.61 0.0089

-1868 3883 164 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 869 0.51 300 0.04 1.79 297 405 3.5 67 41.6 31 5 101 0.01 49.95 0.0086

-1903 3918 165 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.0 824 0.49 295 0.03 1.77 288 405 3.5 77 46.5 41 6 96 0.01 51.25 0.0087

-1937 3952 166 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.0 829 0.50 302 0.04 1.79 305 401 3.6 110 41.6 37 6 106 0.01 50.93 0.0089

-1972 3987 167 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.4 858 0.50 266 0.04 1.83 294 413 3.5 75 39.8 33 5 100 0.01 52.27 0.0084

-2006 4021 168 0.04 0.04 3.1 16.2 829 0.48 267 0.04 1.77 278 402 3.5 116 44 40 9 132 0.01 10.2 6.0 18.9 0.032 51.03 0.0087

-2041 4056 169 0.04 0.05 3.3 15.7 892 0.50 287 0.04 1.80 288 405 3.4 65 42.5 41 7 92 0.01 51.84 0.0083

-2075 4090 170 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.8 932 0.51 287 0.04 1.82 310 412 3.6 58 41.9 39 7 90 0.01 53.23 0.0086

-2110 4125 171 0.03 0.05 3.3 14.2 881 0.48 271 0.04 1.79 288 403 3.5 36 41 39 7 95 0.01 54.88 0.0086

-2145 4160 172 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 993 0.51 267 0.03 1.86 283 425 3.6 73 44.3 45 8 100 0.01 53.04 0.0085

-2179 4194 173 0.03 0.05 3.5 15.7 1113 0.56 278 0.03 1.79 266 414 3.7 183 45.4 38 9 132 0.01 50.81 0.0089

-2214 4229 174 0.02 0.05 3.2 15.2 1157 0.61 241 0.03 1.64 268 374 3.3 211 42.3 31 7 146 0.01 53.31 0.0088

-2249 4264 175 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 1136 0.57 281 0.04 1.88 313 436 3.7 128 42.7 39 7 117 0.01 52.81 0.0085

-2283 4298 176 0.02 0.06 3.5 15.1 1007 0.53 265 0.04 1.93 331 438 3.8 91 46.2 42 3 112 0.01 52.02 0.0086

-2318 4333 177 0.03 0.06 3.7 14.9 1047 0.55 271 0.04 1.97 295 452 3.9 105 47.8 43 6 144 0.01 51.77 0.0086

-2353 4368 178 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 928 0.50 259 0.04 1.88 302 419 3.8 98 45.1 42 5 129 0.01 9.0 5.3 19.3 0.029 53.96 0.0090

-2388 4403 179 0.04 0.05 3.6 15.0 969 0.52 272 0.04 1.90 293 427 3.7 89 42.5 36 5 111 0.01 51.98 0.0088

-2423 4438 180 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.5 908 0.50 257 0.03 1.85 294 423 3.6 98 42.4 33 6 115 0.01 53.72 0.0085

-2597 4612 185 0.04 0.05 3.6 14.2 915 0.52 244 0.03 1.87 298 449 4.4 147 51.6 48 5 121 0.01 52.84 0.0098

-2737 4752 189 0.03 0.04 3.5 15.1 880 0.51 227 0.04 1.76 284 419 4.1 117 50.8 42 2 111 0.01 10.0 5.1 18.9 0.028 51.85 0.0097

-2877 4892 193 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.9 905 0.50 233 0.03 1.78 293 425 3.8 103 44.2 35 3 108 0.01 52.7 0.0089

-3018 5033 197 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 931 0.53 218 0.03 1.86 294 420 3.8 134 46.5 38 5 113 0.01 53.77 0.0090

-3159 5174 201 0.02 0.04 3.1 16.7 933 0.53 228 0.04 1.63 299 374 3.0 147 43.6 33 7 128 0.01 50.62 0.0080

-3300 5315 205 0.03 0.04 3.4 16.4 975 0.52 234 0.04 1.70 309 383 3.0 125 42.9 34 5 121 0.01 50.85 0.0079

-3442 5457 209 0.02 0.04 3.4 16.5 980 0.49 200 0.04 1.70 291 380 2.9 97 42.1 32 5 115 0.01 9.5 7.0 18.2 0.029 50.57 0.0076

-3584 5599 213 0.02 0.04 2.9 18.8 800 0.47 225 0.03 1.56 273 353 2.8 79 40.6 30 5 113 0.01 47.18 0.0078

-3726 5741 217 0.03 0.05 3.4 16.4 1087 0.52 228 0.04 1.74 297 378 2.7 115 47.1 34 8 133 0.01 50.96 0.0072

-3869 5884 221 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.9 1085 0.54 217 0.04 1.69 303 371 2.4 70 38.4 19 4 146 0.01 10.1 6.8 16.7 0.033 50.74 0.0066

-4011 6026 225 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.8 1110 0.53 231 0.04 1.67 315 363 2.3 105 43.8 26 5 136 0.01 53.74 0.0063

-4155 6170 229 0.03 0.05 3.1 15.8 1189 0.55 204 0.04 1.72 315 380 2.3 98 47 30 4 147 0.01 53.41 0.0062

-4298 6313 233 0.03 0.05 3.4 15.4 1283 0.55 207 0.04 1.75 329 376 2.3 54 46.5 32 6 124 0.01 53.7 0.0062

-4441 6456 237 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 1410 0.55 211 0.04 1.80 394 379 2.4 78 45.1 28 3 186 0.01 9.3 4.9 17.8 0.031 55.96 0.0063

-4585 6600 241 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 1407 0.54 206 0.04 1.80 351 388 2.3 91 47.8 29 3 125 0.01 52.39 0.0060

-4729 6744 245 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.5 1512 0.62 181 0.05 1.78 333 387 2.4 87 50.5 30 4 176 0.01 53.55 0.0061

-4874 6889 249 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.6 1774 0.63 195 0.05 1.91 336 407 2.5 89 45.7 28 4 203 0.01 52.32 0.0061

-4946 6961 251 0.05 0.05 3.3 16.8 1859 0.63 183 0.05 1.84 309 369 2.1 110 46.1 32 5 187 0.02 10.3 6.4 16.3 0.032 50.95 0.0058

-5090 7105 255 0.05 0.06 3.4 17.1 1977 0.57 201 0.06 1.80 327 364 2.0 56 41.7 28 4 182 0.02 50.25 0.0054

-5235 7250 259 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.8 1927 0.55 156 0.06 1.75 312 352 1.9 117 48.7 28 3 211 0.02 51.6 0.0055

-5380 7395 263 0.03 0.05 2.9 17.9 1709 0.54 155 0.07 1.60 296 324 1.8 100 49.7 25 4 170 0.02 11.2 6.8 14.7 0.034 50.11 0.0055

-5525 7540 267 0.05 0.05 2.7 20.2 1811 0.59 166 0.09 1.58 346 318 1.7 113 50.2 19 6 187 0.03 45.64 0.0054

-5671 7686 271 0.05 0.06 3.1 18.2 2246 0.70 177 0.09 1.76 344 353 2.0 151 51.7 23 4 239 0.03 48.27 0.0057

-5816 7831 275 0.06 0.06 2.7 19.6 1961 0.60 177 0.12 1.65 357 345 1.9 148 46.8 20 5 185 0.05 46.37 0.0055

-5962 7977 279 0.09 0.06 2.4 23.0 1727 0.61 160 0.19 1.53 409 315 1.8 119 45.8 18 5 144 0.08 11.1 11.9 15.0 0.026 39.89 0.0056

-6108 8123 283 0.08 0.05 2.2 24.6 1493 0.59 177 0.19 1.42 398 291 1.7 138 46.5 20 5 135 0.09 37.31 0.0058

-6254 8269 287 0.07 0.06 2.3 22.4 1733 0.65 173 0.16 1.54 371 321 1.8 152 46 19 4 190 0.07 41.28 0.0056

-6400 8415 291 0.08 0.06 2.4 22.0 1911 0.59 197 0.18 1.66 395 361 1.8 161 51.1 21 5 112 0.07 12.1 9.9 14.7 0.029 41.86 0.0049

-6546 8561 295 0.07 0.06 2.3 20.4 1914 0.68 178 0.17 1.61 404 328 1.8 150 52.2 23 7 138 0.08 11.2 7.3 13.6 0.035 45.47 0.0056

-6693 8708 299 0.09 0.06 2.2 21.9 1857 0.67 177 0.19 1.57 400 348 1.8 164 52.4 22 4 155 0.09 42.48 0.0050

-6839 8854 303 0.05 0.06 2.2 20.2 2106 0.77 178 0.13 1.63 336 348 2.0 174 54.7 18 4 163 0.06 6.3 0.3 11.6 0.028 45.69 0.0059

-6913 8928 305 0.05 0.04 1.9 18.5 1909 0.82 174 0.11 1.51 326 412 4.4 201 60 13 3 184 0.06 46.82 0.0107

-7059 9074 309 0.06 0.05 1.5 15.6 1088 0.85 170 0.13 1.45 325 424 6.2 192 65.6 11 3 121 0.09 51.38 0.0146

-7206 9221 313 0.08 0.06 1.6 6.5 770 1.54 194 0.15 1.49 333 468 12.2 256 77.1 8 3 103 0.09 61.2 0.0261

-7353 9368 317 0.11 0.07 1.5 7.5 454 1.49 173 0.22 1.41 437 477 12.6 242 65.7 1 5 117 0.15 58.77 0.0265

-7500 9515 321 0.19 0.09 1.7 9.9 354 1.05 199 0.41 1.23 701 429 11.9 221 56.8 5 5 107 0.24 54.62 0.0277

-7647 9662 325 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.2 303 0.86 183 0.78 1.05 1096 376 9.5 195 42.2 19 7 121 0.36 14.1 0.1 9.0 0.023 47.37 0.0253

-7794 9809 329 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.7 326 0.90 184 0.80 1.04 1193 386 10.1 206 41.4 21 6 129 0.37 45.66 0.0262

-7941 9956 333 0.42 0.15 2.2 16.1 321 0.86 125 0.87 1.01 1215 391 10.3 176 38 29 9 100 0.39 42.11 0.0264

-8088 10103 337 0.69 0.17 2.4 21.1 299 0.77 66 1.27 0.83 1655 291 5.8 91 20.7 42 11 78 0.52 36.96 0.0199

-8235 10250 341 0.74 0.18 2.5 21.8 285 0.62 64 1.38 0.85 1922 297 5.2 77 18.5 39 11 64 0.54 21.8 0.0 8.4 0.016 35.92 0.0174

-8382 10397 345 0.86 0.19 2.7 24.6 260 0.39 50 1.62 0.75 2051 234 2.9 39 9.7 33 9 38 0.61 32.81 0.0126

-8530 10545 349 1.07 0.18 3.0 29.1 320 0.21 46 1.96 0.69 2243 229 2.6 30 5.9 44 13 23 0.65 22.61 0.0113

-8677 10692 353 0.93 0.18 2.8 27.3 259 0.20 1 1.84 0.61 2108 211 2.5 19 6.3 56 13 20 0.66 27.3 0.0 6.3 0.018 27.46 0.0119


2011 4 0.0 0.08 0.05 1.5 11.3 1968 0.95 743 0.17 0.93 438 299 4.8 59 77.8 22 57 483 0.12 62.8 0.0162

2009 6 0.5 0.08 0.04 1.7 12.6 1331 0.84 514 0.20 0.88 603 273 4.6 76 76.5 18 59 483 0.12 60.36 0.0167

2007 8 1.0 0.08 0.04 1.8 12.8 1229 0.90 494 0.20 0.89 600 303 4.6 102 89 25 72 468 0.11 59.7 0.0152

2004 11 1.5 0.07 0.04 1.8 12.3 1007 1.01 450 0.17 0.95 535 322 4.7 105 77.8 24 71 476 0.10 60.37 0.0147

2002 13 2.0 0.12 0.05 2.0 11.9 936 1.38 407 0.21 1.02 581 347 5.5 147 78 35 89 460 0.10 8.1 3.8 17.2 0.035 59.2 0.0157

2000 15 2.5 0.11 0.05 2.1 12.2 971 1.44 375 0.23 0.99 643 341 5.5 139 76.9 37 101 449 0.11 58.23 0.0162

1998 17 3.0 0.10 0.05 2.1 12.1 876 1.66 354 0.23 0.96 642 320 5.4 138 58.1 28 93 445 0.11 58.54 0.0168

1995 20 3.5 0.12 0.04 2.1 12.8 887 2.13 351 0.22 0.92 627 313 6.0 162 57.6 33 113 405 0.10 55.54 0.0193

1993 22 4.0 0.24 0.07 2.7 16.7 858 1.13 246 0.55 0.80 1206 277 4.3 99 32.4 34 78 337 0.21 49.1 0.0156

1990 25 4.5 0.15 0.05 2.4 13.7 877 1.83 315 0.33 0.91 816 327 5.6 161 48.9 37 113 362 0.13 53.75 0.0172

1988 27 5 0.22 0.06 2.4 17.4 812 1.03 227 0.53 0.80 1063 276 4.1 98 39 35 74 301 0.22 48.58 0.0150

1982 33 6 0.05 0.02 1.9 15.7 786 1.29 339 0.13 0.97 460 326 5.3 135 45.6 27 99 366 0.07 52.02 0.0161

1976 39 7 0.04 0.03 1.9 16.1 853 1.13 338 0.12 1.00 460 335 5.2 138 50.5 30 112 396 0.06 9.6 6.5 13.9 0.031 51.33 0.0155

1969 46 8 0.05 0.03 2.0 15.5 850 0.92 358 0.13 1.04 489 343 5.1 136 49.2 29 114 368 0.06 52.62 0.0149

1962 53 9 0.06 0.04 2.3 15.2 929 0.80 358 0.17 1.05 597 362 5.3 150 47.3 29 113 320 0.07 52.42 0.0147

1953 62 10 0.06 0.03 2.4 15.2 973 0.72 323 0.15 1.04 578 365 5.2 148 50.6 37 122 285 0.07 52.64 0.0143

1944 71 11 0.05 0.03 2.3 15.0 991 0.69 349 0.14 1.03 545 368 5.1 143 50.6 35 116 262 0.06 53.42 0.0137

1934 81 12 0.05 0.03 2.2 15.6 947 0.68 336 0.12 1.05 506 372 5.0 127 46.6 27 101 236 0.05 52.44 0.0135

1923 92 13 0.06 0.03 2.3 16.5 968 0.66 352 0.12 1.02 519 374 5.0 114 51.1 30 112 229 0.05 10.6 5.9 15.8 0.035 50.63 0.0132

1911 104 14 0.05 0.02 2.3 15.6 985 0.65 343 0.11 1.02 495 379 4.9 119 48.9 29 108 219 0.05 52.41 0.0130

1898 117 15 0.04 0.03 2.3 15.6 1056 0.65 368 0.11 1.03 500 377 4.8 114 44.4 24 105 209 0.05 52.41 0.0129

1885 130 16 0.05 0.02 2.4 14.4 1087 0.65 343 0.10 1.04 499 387 5.1 121 49.6 31 120 204 0.04 54.43 0.0133

1870 145 17 0.04 0.02 2.4 15.1 1193 0.63 370 0.08 1.04 426 413 4.6 145 52.7 33 117 168 0.03 53.69 0.0112

1855 160 18 0.03 0.01 2.2 17.3 1090 0.61 345 0.06 0.98 380 387 4.4 131 52.2 26 95 166 0.03 9.0 8.3 16.9 0.037 50.14 0.0114

1839 176 19 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 1069 0.59 309 0.05 0.96 354 379 4.4 109 43.8 20 79 161 0.03 50.47 0.0115

1822 193 20 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.2 1116 0.59 313 0.05 0.97 336 384 4.3 117 47.7 25 84 158 0.03 50.62 0.0111

1805 210 21 0.04 0.02 2.1 17.5 1095 0.59 319 0.06 0.96 330 377 4.3 108 45 21 73 161 0.03 8.6 8.8 16.3 0.036 49.87 0.0115

1788 227 22 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1090 0.58 328 0.05 0.98 334 397 4.3 117 48.6 23 68 150 0.02 49.82 0.0109

1770 245 23 0.02 0.02 2.1 17.4 1141 0.61 336 0.05 1.00 329 405 4.4 121 50.4 23 69 152 0.02 49.73 0.0110

1751 264 24 0.04 0.01 2.0 18.8 1052 0.60 297 0.05 0.97 322 386 4.3 120 49.5 25 65 159 0.02 47.28 0.0111

1733 282 25 0.03 0.02 2.0 19.3 1052 0.59 332 0.05 0.95 350 387 4.1 103 45.1 20 56 153 0.03 46.66 0.0106

1714 301 26 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.2 1040 0.59 314 0.05 0.94 318 384 4.1 106 48.7 21 52 150 0.02 8.1 11.1 16.6 0.036 47.17 0.0106

1694 321 27 0.04 0.01 1.9 18.7 1042 0.60 339 0.04 0.97 337 400 4.3 106 53 21 54 143 0.02 47.74 0.0107

1675 340 28 0.02 0.01 1.9 17.9 1082 0.56 275 0.04 0.98 312 418 4.2 116 54.1 22 45 137 0.02 9.7 8.3 17.3 0.038 49.75 0.0099

1656 359 29 0.02 0.01 1.8 19.5 1035 0.58 328 0.04 1.00 260 427 4.2 109 47.4 21 45 138 0.02 46.47 0.0098

1637 378 30 0.03 0.01 1.8 19.1 1017 0.57 282 0.04 0.97 256 406 4.2 98 48.7 22 48 137 0.02 47.14 0.0105

1617 398 31 0.02 0.01 1.9 19.9 1009 0.56 286 0.03 0.98 238 417 4.2 95 49.6 21 48 142 0.02 9.0 10.9 17.0 0.039 45.52 0.0102

1598 417 32 0.03 0.02 1.9 19.7 1021 0.57 302 0.03 1.01 233 435 4.4 89 52 23 54 133 0.02 8.7 11.0 17.1 0.040 45.63 0.0101

1580 435 33 0.03 0.01 2.1 17.6 1239 0.65 329 0.04 1.12 250 496 5.1 103 54.8 27 62 120 0.02 48.34 0.0102

1561 454 34 0.04 0.02 2.3 15.6 1313 0.66 351 0.03 1.21 257 542 5.5 118 63.9 35 77 135 0.01 51.35 0.0102

1542 473 35 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.3 1145 0.63 342 0.03 1.19 261 527 5.2 113 64 35 82 136 0.02 7.9 8.3 18.1 0.039 50.72 0.0099

1523 492 36 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.5 1135 0.66 353 0.03 1.23 283 542 5.0 110 58.4 33 73 148 0.01 50.42 0.0093

1503 512 37 0.03 0.02 2.2 16.1 1160 0.64 345 0.04 1.23 301 542 5.1 110 60 32 74 144 0.02 7.1 9.0 18.1 0.040 51.06 0.0095

1484 531 38 0.02 0.02 2.3 16.8 1073 0.67 334 0.04 1.15 308 500 5.3 99 56.3 28 70 138 0.02 49.48 0.0106

1463 552 39 0.04 0.03 2.2 18.2 995 0.62 351 0.04 1.21 360 505 5.0 95 53.3 26 43 121 0.02 9.0 9.2 18.2 0.038 46.81 0.0099

1443 572 40 0.03 0.02 2.1 17.2 966 0.57 283 0.04 1.15 257 502 4.9 104 57.1 29 34 130 0.02 49.53 0.0098

1422 593 41 0.02 0.02 2.0 18.8 979 0.60 363 0.04 1.14 241 492 4.7 98 56.5 25 26 130 0.02 9.1 9.6 17.6 0.039 46.58 0.0096

1401 614 42 0.04 0.02 2.0 17.8 1024 0.61 421 0.04 1.15 255 496 4.9 106 63.4 30 28 134 0.02 48.38 0.0099

1380 635 43 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.3 1107 0.63 365 0.04 1.23 296 541 5.1 107 62.2 27 28 129 0.02 50.82 0.0095

1359 656 44 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.7 1183 0.67 359 0.05 1.21 287 529 5.4 97 67.4 29 27 128 0.02 8.4 7.3 18.5 0.034 51.44 0.0103

1337 678 45 0.02 0.02 2.3 15.5 1217 0.68 380 0.04 1.29 279 579 5.5 103 68.8 34 27 134 0.02 51.45 0.0095

1316 699 46 0.03 0.02 2.3 14.9 1281 0.67 403 0.04 1.28 280 574 5.6 105 74.5 34 31 145 0.02 52.54 0.0098

1294 721 47 0.04 0.03 2.5 13.4 1410 0.74 421 0.04 1.35 268 611 6.1 125 80.4 34 40 135 0.02 8.3 5.1 19.1 0.034 54.75 0.0099

1272 743 48 0.03 0.02 2.3 13.0 1309 0.74 382 0.04 1.35 281 618 5.8 134 84.1 36 36 127 0.02 56.34 0.0093

1251 764 49 0.03 0.02 2.2 14.7 1138 0.65 429 0.04 1.27 255 593 5.9 119 83.3 35 40 133 0.02 52.97 0.0099

1230 785 50 0.03 0.02 2.1 14.8 1070 0.69 412 0.04 1.30 273 583 5.8 117 86.7 36 36 122 0.02 8.0 6.8 18.1 0.034 53.12 0.0099

1208 807 51 0.04 0.02 2.1 16.8 964 0.64 415 0.06 1.29 276 559 5.4 93 73.5 28 32 108 0.03 49.39 0.0097

1187 828 52 0.02 0.03 2.0 16.9 920 0.62 405 0.05 1.33 268 584 5.2 91 72.8 34 30 116 0.03 49.7 0.0089

1166 849 53 0.04 0.03 1.9 17.2 876 0.62 404 0.04 1.33 252 566 5.3 86 69.8 33 26 111 0.02 49.22 0.0093

1145 870 54 0.04 0.02 1.9 17.1 925 0.65 440 0.04 1.36 270 589 5.7 96 78.9 37 27 106 0.02 48.7 0.0096

1124 891 55 0.03 0.02 1.8 17.8 842 0.59 395 0.05 1.30 272 556 5.1 76 68.6 30 29 122 0.03 48.35 0.0091

1103 912 56 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.6 874 0.59 415 0.05 1.33 289 558 5.3 76 76.8 37 26 119 0.03 8.8 7.8 18.9 0.032 50.37 0.0096

1083 932 57 0.03 0.02 1.8 16.0 879 0.59 380 0.05 1.36 286 581 5.5 85 72.3 37 23 115 0.03 51.36 0.0095

1062 953 58 0.03 0.03 1.9 16.6 897 0.58 383 0.04 1.37 281 595 5.5 99 64.2 36 17 121 0.02 50.01 0.0092

1042 973 59 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.4 884 0.56 353 0.05 1.36 289 575 5.4 93 68.1 35 16 130 0.03 48.59 0.0094

1021 994 60 0.04 0.02 1.9 16.9 868 0.58 396 0.05 1.32 274 547 5.3 95 72.2 38 13 115 0.02 49.74 0.0097

1001 1014 61 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.9 897 0.59 391 0.04 1.37 269 570 5.5 94 76.7 39 12 98 0.02 49.45 0.0096

981 1034 62 0.03 0.02 1.9 16.8 879 0.61 464 0.03 1.38 251 579 5.3 92 78.8 37 13 89 0.02 49.84 0.0091

960 1055 63 0.04 0.02 2.0 15.8 902 0.63 446 0.04 1.43 258 593 5.6 82 83.7 41 12 93 0.02 51.2 0.0095

940 1075 64 0.04 0.03 2.1 15.5 898 0.65 402 0.05 1.52 300 629 6.0 91 80.6 43 12 93 0.02 9.1 6.4 19.1 0.028 50.87 0.0096

920 1095 65 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.1 923 0.67 436 0.03 1.54 285 642 6.2 97 87 43 8 93 0.01 51.36 0.0097

900 1115 66 0.03 0.02 2.1 15.7 872 0.61 400 0.04 1.43 291 583 5.7 100 75.3 41 8 102 0.02 51.24 0.0098

879 1136 67 0.03 0.02 2.0 17.2 836 0.57 416 0.04 1.41 306 565 5.4 96 72.6 37 7 105 0.02 48.8 0.0095

859 1156 68 0.03 0.02 1.9 17.8 796 0.55 397 0.04 1.35 272 529 5.0 81 67.1 34 7 110 0.02 48.29 0.0095

839 1176 69 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.6 877 0.58 396 0.04 1.44 292 581 5.1 84 71.4 35 8 110 0.02 50.2 0.0088

819 1196 70 0.03 0.02 2.1 16.0 831 0.57 385 0.04 1.39 279 550 5.5 81 84.8 43 11 112 0.02 50.82 0.0100

798 1217 71 0.04 0.03 2.2 15.9 881 0.59 415 0.04 1.49 275 583 5.7 93 76.1 35 8 104 0.02 50.42 0.0097

778 1237 72 0.03 0.03 2.3 15.3 897 0.62 440 0.03 1.46 283 576 5.6 88 74.9 39 6 99 0.01 51.88 0.0096

757 1258 73 0.03 0.03 2.2 15.3 867 0.59 432 0.03 1.51 302 584 5.3 74 74.7 35 8 103 0.01 52.19 0.0091

737 1278 74 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.2 900 0.58 425 0.03 1.47 312 564 5.3 57 68.7 30 7 110 0.01 52.23 0.0095

716 1299 75 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.8 861 0.55 404 0.03 1.34 261 513 5.2 61 70.8 30 9 119 0.01 9.7 7.1 19.4 0.028 49.35 0.0101

696 1319 76 0.05 0.02 2.3 16.8 808 0.56 386 0.03 1.31 248 500 5.0 77 69.8 32 6 114 0.01 49.74 0.0099

675 1340 77 0.03 0.02 2.1 18.8 751 0.54 356 0.03 1.23 236 464 4.8 101 64.1 27 7 110 0.02 46.25 0.0104

654 1361 78 0.03 0.03 2.3 16.3 803 0.56 359 0.03 1.33 249 497 5.1 94 70 32 7 95 0.01 50.75 0.0102

633 1382 79 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.5 766 0.53 306 0.03 1.29 240 491 4.8 82 70.7 32 8 88 0.01 48.66 0.0099

612 1403 80 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.1 765 0.53 330 0.03 1.30 246 494 5.0 77 72.1 35 9 90 0.01 49.05 0.0102

591 1424 81 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 721 0.52 346 0.03 1.31 236 484 4.9 72 64.5 31 5 108 0.01 48.35 0.0101

569 1446 82 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.7 731 0.57 325 0.03 1.30 207 465 4.6 74 64.3 28 5 108 0.01 48.62 0.0098

548 1467 83 0.03 0.02 2.2 17.6 771 0.54 322 0.03 1.34 220 493 4.8 76 61.9 31 8 102 0.01 48.42 0.0097

526 1489 84 0.03 0.02 2.4 16.9 864 0.58 354 0.03 1.42 239 516 5.1 106 67.1 36 6 110 0.01 48.96 0.0099

504 1511 85 0.04 0.03 2.5 15.2 868 0.60 383 0.03 1.52 243 555 5.5 110 67.7 38 7 95 0.01 11.1 6.3 19.4 0.027 51.56 0.0098

482 1533 86 0.02 0.02 2.2 17.4 708 0.55 360 0.03 1.34 211 491 5.1 97 65.5 31 8 96 0.01 48.53 0.0104

459 1556 87 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.4 794 0.59 360 0.03 1.49 232 557 5.5 106 69.3 33 8 103 0.01 47.5 0.0098

437 1578 88 0.03 0.03 2.4 15.7 799 0.63 363 0.02 1.52 224 555 5.8 94 65.5 30 7 93 0.01 50.3 0.0105

414 1601 89 0.03 0.02 2.3 17.6 767 0.61 325 0.03 1.39 215 510 5.8 109 76.4 35 7 94 0.01 46.53 0.0114

391 1624 90 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 732 0.57 344 0.03 1.34 225 493 5.5 119 74.3 35 9 93 0.01 46.17 0.0111

368 1647 91 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.4 760 0.56 360 0.03 1.40 211 511 5.3 115 71 33 6 100 0.01 45.79 0.0103

345 1670 92 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.1 710 0.56 353 0.02 1.43 205 503 5.4 107 75.2 38 7 85 0.01 46.29 0.0107

321 1694 93 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.4 749 0.55 372 0.03 1.38 198 475 5.0 85 70 33 8 82 0.01 48.12 0.0105

297 1718 94 0.03 0.03 2.3 17.9 757 0.55 336 0.03 1.39 206 485 5.2 89 69.5 33 8 84 0.01 46.99 0.0107

273 1742 95 0.02 0.03 2.4 17.6 764 0.56 316 0.03 1.43 210 505 5.1 88 65.2 35 5 90 0.01 9.7 7.9 19.5 0.028 47.55 0.0101

248 1767 96 0.03 0.03 2.3 18.5 737 0.58 347 0.03 1.42 208 496 5.0 93 61.9 31 9 97 0.01 46 0.0101

223 1792 97 0.04 0.03 2.4 16.8 768 0.58 333 0.03 1.47 239 510 5.5 116 71.5 36 9 105 0.01 48.49 0.0107

198 1817 98 0.05 0.03 2.4 16.8 775 0.59 366 0.03 1.49 220 520 5.3 108 79.8 37 14 94 0.01 10.9 5.9 19.4 0.027 48.72 0.0101

173 1842 99 0.04 0.03 2.5 17.5 760 0.58 379 0.03 1.48 225 502 5.0 82 75.7 33 12 101 0.01 47.69 0.0100

147 1868 100 0.03 0.03 2.6 17.2 823 0.63 367 0.03 1.61 244 556 5.4 80 86.1 41 14 94 0.01 11.0 6.2 19.4 0.030 47.15 0.0097

41 1974 105 0.02 0.03 2.6 17.3 748 0.56 350 0.03 1.51 227 459 4.6 97 76.6 37 8 97 0.01 48.34 0.0100

-70 2085 109 0.03 0.03 2.6 16.4 681 0.54 355 0.03 1.55 231 454 4.5 69 64.4 30 4 79 0.01 8.9 7.5 19.3 0.027 50.66 0.0098

-186 2201 113 0.02 0.04 2.8 16.5 634 0.52 352 0.03 1.54 234 433 4.4 85 65.7 34 7 91 0.01 49.93 0.0103

-305 2320 117 0.04 0.04 3.0 15.2 767 0.54 348 0.03 1.66 262 461 4.7 103 67 33 7 95 0.01 51.81 0.0101

-428 2443 121 0.02 0.04 3.0 17.0 687 0.51 309 0.03 1.62 265 427 4.1 81 59.8 29 6 98 0.01 10.5 6.5 19.4 0.030 49.02 0.0095

-555 2570 125 0.03 0.04 2.9 17.9 720 0.50 309 0.04 1.53 274 414 3.9 79 62.6 34 7 87 0.01 47.65 0.0093

-684 2699 129 0.02 0.04 3.1 15.9 798 0.54 319 0.03 1.76 258 462 4.2 100 66.4 42 11 97 0.01 10.4 5.5 19.3 0.032 50.55 0.0092

-749 2764 131 0.03 0.04 3.2 15.0 817 0.54 321 0.03 1.78 277 469 4.2 91 61.1 44 8 115 0.01 52.27 0.0090

-782 2797 132 0.04 0.04 3.1 14.4 681 0.50 305 0.03 1.68 249 435 4.0 86 61.6 40 9 124 0.01 54.32 0.0092

-815 2830 133 0.04 0.05 3.3 14.2 797 0.53 340 0.03 1.81 263 475 4.3 101 56.2 45 5 107 0.01 53.63 0.0090

-848 2863 134 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.6 836 0.55 322 0.03 1.84 261 467 4.3 112 60.5 43 7 114 0.01 52.41 0.0092

-881 2896 135 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.4 806 0.59 339 0.03 1.77 266 445 4.2 103 59.4 36 6 109 0.01 51.31 0.0095

-915 2930 136 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.8 802 0.59 338 0.04 1.79 269 451 4.2 91 62.7 34 8 97 0.01 50.28 0.0093

-948 2963 137 0.03 0.04 3.3 15.0 816 0.59 343 0.04 1.84 277 469 4.2 96 66.8 42 10 98 0.01 8.7 6.2 19.3 0.032 51.99 0.0090

-981 2996 138 0.03 0.05 3.2 15.5 792 0.58 355 0.04 1.81 286 451 4.3 105 65 42 7 123 0.01 50.89 0.0095

-1015 3030 139 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.2 876 0.60 352 0.03 1.91 280 476 4.1 85 59.6 37 6 99 0.01 51.29 0.0087

-1049 3064 140 0.05 0.05 3.5 15.7 855 0.58 341 0.04 1.86 279 458 4.0 88 53.1 36 7 109 0.01 50.34 0.0087

-1082 3097 141 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.7 786 0.53 287 0.04 1.77 264 446 3.8 79 49.1 37 4 117 0.01 53.34 0.0084

-1116 3131 142 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 933 0.60 354 0.04 1.88 271 459 4.0 86 50.9 39 6 119 0.01 53.39 0.0086

-1150 3165 143 0.03 0.05 3.5 13.5 919 0.59 355 0.05 1.83 277 434 3.6 69 41.1 26 4 120 0.01 55.86 0.0082

-1184 3199 144 0.04 0.05 3.4 13.7 853 0.54 314 0.03 1.80 258 445 3.8 82 47.7 36 5 104 0.01 55.34 0.0086

-1218 3233 145 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.5 781 0.51 310 0.04 1.68 265 403 3.8 56 46.6 34 3 91 0.01 9.2 6.3 18.2 0.034 52.11 0.0094

-1252 3267 146 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.2 778 0.52 309 0.04 1.69 284 407 3.5 82 42 27 4 102 0.01 52.92 0.0087

-1286 3301 147 0.04 0.04 3.2 15.3 747 0.50 303 0.04 1.69 281 420 3.9 74 52.7 39 5 92 0.01 52.35 0.0092

-1320 3335 148 0.04 0.04 3.3 15.3 777 0.51 295 0.03 1.72 270 405 3.7 100 53.3 39 5 106 0.01 52.43 0.0091

-1354 3369 149 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.4 779 0.49 298 0.04 1.67 272 398 3.5 67 46.4 33 5 81 0.01 50.49 0.0088

-1388 3403 150 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 804 0.49 287 0.04 1.71 277 401 3.5 40 44.6 38 4 82 0.01 50.03 0.0087

-1422 3437 151 0.02 0.05 3.3 15.5 786 0.47 283 0.04 1.68 266 402 3.5 60 48.3 42 6 101 0.01 52.34 0.0087

-1456 3471 152 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.7 791 0.48 277 0.04 1.65 271 393 3.5 42 46.3 37 6 95 0.01 49.61 0.0090

-1491 3506 153 0.03 0.04 3.2 16.8 755 0.47 268 0.04 1.65 266 393 3.4 25 42.2 33 1 97 0.01 49.82 0.0088

-1525 3540 154 0.02 0.05 3.1 17.7 742 0.46 285 0.04 1.61 284 375 3.4 64 41.8 33 3 114 0.01 48.09 0.0090

-1559 3574 155 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.6 728 0.47 278 0.04 1.61 276 368 3.3 80 39.2 27 4 100 0.01 9.9 7.7 18.8 0.031 48.66 0.0090

-1593 3608 156 0.04 0.04 3.1 17.3 750 0.47 295 0.04 1.65 270 386 3.5 66 40.7 29 4 97 0.01 48.97 0.0089

-1628 3643 157 0.03 0.05 3.1 17.2 778 0.47 285 0.04 1.66 284 382 3.5 77 40.8 33 6 91 0.01 48.89 0.0092

-1662 3677 158 0.04 0.04 3.1 16.7 773 0.49 291 0.04 1.71 287 399 3.6 83 37.9 27 7 109 0.01 49.81 0.0090

-1696 3711 159 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.4 777 0.48 258 0.04 1.77 297 405 3.6 59 38.6 32 4 84 0.01 50.27 0.0088

-1730 3745 160 0.03 0.04 3.3 16.0 807 0.48 286 0.04 1.78 294 412 3.6 35 43.3 36 5 80 0.01 9.5 6.5 18.9 0.032 50.95 0.0087

-1765 3780 161 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.6 824 0.50 279 0.04 1.72 286 392 3.5 88 44.2 38 6 131 0.01 49.75 0.0089

-1799 3814 162 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.8 863 0.52 271 0.04 1.72 296 397 3.3 145 45.2 39 6 134 0.01 51.81 0.0084

-1834 3849 163 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 855 0.52 296 0.04 1.77 299 407 3.6 110 48.6 38 6 119 0.01 50.61 0.0089

-1868 3883 164 0.04 0.05 3.3 16.5 869 0.51 300 0.04 1.79 297 405 3.5 67 41.6 31 5 101 0.01 49.95 0.0086

-1903 3918 165 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.0 824 0.49 295 0.03 1.77 288 405 3.5 77 46.5 41 6 96 0.01 51.25 0.0087

-1937 3952 166 0.04 0.05 3.2 16.0 829 0.50 302 0.04 1.79 305 401 3.6 110 41.6 37 6 106 0.01 50.93 0.0089

-1972 3987 167 0.03 0.05 3.3 15.4 858 0.50 266 0.04 1.83 294 413 3.5 75 39.8 33 5 100 0.01 52.27 0.0084

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-2041 4056 169 0.04 0.05 3.3 15.7 892 0.50 287 0.04 1.80 288 405 3.4 65 42.5 41 7 92 0.01 51.84 0.0083

-2075 4090 170 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.8 932 0.51 287 0.04 1.82 310 412 3.6 58 41.9 39 7 90 0.01 53.23 0.0086

-2110 4125 171 0.03 0.05 3.3 14.2 881 0.48 271 0.04 1.79 288 403 3.5 36 41 39 7 95 0.01 54.88 0.0086

-2145 4160 172 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 993 0.51 267 0.03 1.86 283 425 3.6 73 44.3 45 8 100 0.01 53.04 0.0085

-2179 4194 173 0.03 0.05 3.5 15.7 1113 0.56 278 0.03 1.79 266 414 3.7 183 45.4 38 9 132 0.01 50.81 0.0089

-2214 4229 174 0.02 0.05 3.2 15.2 1157 0.61 241 0.03 1.64 268 374 3.3 211 42.3 31 7 146 0.01 53.31 0.0088

-2249 4264 175 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.7 1136 0.57 281 0.04 1.88 313 436 3.7 128 42.7 39 7 117 0.01 52.81 0.0085

-2283 4298 176 0.02 0.06 3.5 15.1 1007 0.53 265 0.04 1.93 331 438 3.8 91 46.2 42 3 112 0.01 52.02 0.0086

-2318 4333 177 0.03 0.06 3.7 14.9 1047 0.55 271 0.04 1.97 295 452 3.9 105 47.8 43 6 144 0.01 51.77 0.0086

-2353 4368 178 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 928 0.50 259 0.04 1.88 302 419 3.8 98 45.1 42 5 129 0.01 9.0 5.3 19.3 0.029 53.96 0.0090

-2388 4403 179 0.04 0.05 3.6 15.0 969 0.52 272 0.04 1.90 293 427 3.7 89 42.5 36 5 111 0.01 51.98 0.0088

-2423 4438 180 0.03 0.05 3.5 14.5 908 0.50 257 0.03 1.85 294 423 3.6 98 42.4 33 6 115 0.01 53.72 0.0085

-2597 4612 185 0.04 0.05 3.6 14.2 915 0.52 244 0.03 1.87 298 449 4.4 147 51.6 48 5 121 0.01 52.84 0.0098

-2737 4752 189 0.03 0.04 3.5 15.1 880 0.51 227 0.04 1.76 284 419 4.1 117 50.8 42 2 111 0.01 10.0 5.1 18.9 0.028 51.85 0.0097

-2877 4892 193 0.03 0.04 3.4 14.9 905 0.50 233 0.03 1.78 293 425 3.8 103 44.2 35 3 108 0.01 52.7 0.0089

-3018 5033 197 0.03 0.05 3.6 14.2 931 0.53 218 0.03 1.86 294 420 3.8 134 46.5 38 5 113 0.01 53.77 0.0090

-3159 5174 201 0.02 0.04 3.1 16.7 933 0.53 228 0.04 1.63 299 374 3.0 147 43.6 33 7 128 0.01 50.62 0.0080

-3300 5315 205 0.03 0.04 3.4 16.4 975 0.52 234 0.04 1.70 309 383 3.0 125 42.9 34 5 121 0.01 50.85 0.0079

-3442 5457 209 0.02 0.04 3.4 16.5 980 0.49 200 0.04 1.70 291 380 2.9 97 42.1 32 5 115 0.01 9.5 7.0 18.2 0.029 50.57 0.0076

-3584 5599 213 0.02 0.04 2.9 18.8 800 0.47 225 0.03 1.56 273 353 2.8 79 40.6 30 5 113 0.01 47.18 0.0078

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-3869 5884 221 0.03 0.05 3.2 16.9 1085 0.54 217 0.04 1.69 303 371 2.4 70 38.4 19 4 146 0.01 10.1 6.8 16.7 0.033 50.74 0.0066

-4011 6026 225 0.03 0.04 3.1 15.8 1110 0.53 231 0.04 1.67 315 363 2.3 105 43.8 26 5 136 0.01 53.74 0.0063

-4155 6170 229 0.03 0.05 3.1 15.8 1189 0.55 204 0.04 1.72 315 380 2.3 98 47 30 4 147 0.01 53.41 0.0062

-4298 6313 233 0.03 0.05 3.4 15.4 1283 0.55 207 0.04 1.75 329 376 2.3 54 46.5 32 6 124 0.01 53.7 0.0062

-4441 6456 237 0.03 0.05 3.4 14.2 1410 0.55 211 0.04 1.80 394 379 2.4 78 45.1 28 3 186 0.01 9.3 4.9 17.8 0.031 55.96 0.0063

-4585 6600 241 0.03 0.05 3.3 16.1 1407 0.54 206 0.04 1.80 351 388 2.3 91 47.8 29 3 125 0.01 52.39 0.0060

-4729 6744 245 0.04 0.05 3.2 15.5 1512 0.62 181 0.05 1.78 333 387 2.4 87 50.5 30 4 176 0.01 53.55 0.0061

-4874 6889 249 0.04 0.05 3.5 15.6 1774 0.63 195 0.05 1.91 336 407 2.5 89 45.7 28 4 203 0.01 52.32 0.0061

-4946 6961 251 0.05 0.05 3.3 16.8 1859 0.63 183 0.05 1.84 309 369 2.1 110 46.1 32 5 187 0.02 10.3 6.4 16.3 0.032 50.95 0.0058

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-5380 7395 263 0.03 0.05 2.9 17.9 1709 0.54 155 0.07 1.60 296 324 1.8 100 49.7 25 4 170 0.02 11.2 6.8 14.7 0.034 50.11 0.0055

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-5671 7686 271 0.05 0.06 3.1 18.2 2246 0.70 177 0.09 1.76 344 353 2.0 151 51.7 23 4 239 0.03 48.27 0.0057

-5816 7831 275 0.06 0.06 2.7 19.6 1961 0.60 177 0.12 1.65 357 345 1.9 148 46.8 20 5 185 0.05 46.37 0.0055

-5962 7977 279 0.09 0.06 2.4 23.0 1727 0.61 160 0.19 1.53 409 315 1.8 119 45.8 18 5 144 0.08 11.1 11.9 15.0 0.026 39.89 0.0056

-6108 8123 283 0.08 0.05 2.2 24.6 1493 0.59 177 0.19 1.42 398 291 1.7 138 46.5 20 5 135 0.09 37.31 0.0058

-6254 8269 287 0.07 0.06 2.3 22.4 1733 0.65 173 0.16 1.54 371 321 1.8 152 46 19 4 190 0.07 41.28 0.0056

-6400 8415 291 0.08 0.06 2.4 22.0 1911 0.59 197 0.18 1.66 395 361 1.8 161 51.1 21 5 112 0.07 12.1 9.9 14.7 0.029 41.86 0.0049

-6546 8561 295 0.07 0.06 2.3 20.4 1914 0.68 178 0.17 1.61 404 328 1.8 150 52.2 23 7 138 0.08 11.2 7.3 13.6 0.035 45.47 0.0056

-6693 8708 299 0.09 0.06 2.2 21.9 1857 0.67 177 0.19 1.57 400 348 1.8 164 52.4 22 4 155 0.09 42.48 0.0050

-6839 8854 303 0.05 0.06 2.2 20.2 2106 0.77 178 0.13 1.63 336 348 2.0 174 54.7 18 4 163 0.06 6.3 0.3 11.6 0.028 45.69 0.0059

-6913 8928 305 0.05 0.04 1.9 18.5 1909 0.82 174 0.11 1.51 326 412 4.4 201 60 13 3 184 0.06 46.82 0.0107

-7059 9074 309 0.06 0.05 1.5 15.6 1088 0.85 170 0.13 1.45 325 424 6.2 192 65.6 11 3 121 0.09 51.38 0.0146

-7206 9221 313 0.08 0.06 1.6 6.5 770 1.54 194 0.15 1.49 333 468 12.2 256 77.1 8 3 103 0.09 61.2 0.0261

-7353 9368 317 0.11 0.07 1.5 7.5 454 1.49 173 0.22 1.41 437 477 12.6 242 65.7 1 5 117 0.15 58.77 0.0265

-7500 9515 321 0.19 0.09 1.7 9.9 354 1.05 199 0.41 1.23 701 429 11.9 221 56.8 5 5 107 0.24 54.62 0.0277

-7647 9662 325 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.2 303 0.86 183 0.78 1.05 1096 376 9.5 195 42.2 19 7 121 0.36 14.1 0.1 9.0 0.023 47.37 0.0253

-7794 9809 329 0.39 0.13 2.2 14.7 326 0.90 184 0.80 1.04 1193 386 10.1 206 41.4 21 6 129 0.37 45.66 0.0262

-7941 9956 333 0.42 0.15 2.2 16.1 321 0.86 125 0.87 1.01 1215 391 10.3 176 38 29 9 100 0.39 42.11 0.0264

-8088 10103 337 0.69 0.17 2.4 21.1 299 0.77 66 1.27 0.83 1655 291 5.8 91 20.7 42 11 78 0.52 36.96 0.0199

-8235 10250 341 0.74 0.18 2.5 21.8 285 0.62 64 1.38 0.85 1922 297 5.2 77 18.5 39 11 64 0.54 21.8 0.0 8.4 0.016 35.92 0.0174

-8382 10397 345 0.86 0.19 2.7 24.6 260 0.39 50 1.62 0.75 2051 234 2.9 39 9.7 33 9 38 0.61 32.81 0.0126

-8530 10545 349 1.07 0.18 3.0 29.1 320 0.21 46 1.96 0.69 2243 229 2.6 30 5.9 44 13 23 0.65 22.61 0.0113

-8677 10692 353 0.93 0.18 2.8 27.3 259 0.20 1 1.84 0.61 2108 211 2.5 19 6.3 56 13 20 0.66 27.3 0.0 6.3 0.018 27.46 0.0119

AD BP depth in cmNa (%) Mg (%) Al (%) Si (%) P (PPM) S (%) Cl (PPM) K (%) Ca (%) Ti (PPM) Mn (PPM) Fe (%) Zn (PPM) Br (PPM) Pb Hg (ppb) K/Al Si detr Bsi (%)LW-TOC chl a mg/gCO2 (%) Fe/Mn

2015 0 1 0.126 0.07 1.5 16.7 1423 1.3 973 0.17 1.03 414 50 0.95 155 55.7 32 420 0.114 56.3 0.019

2010 5.5 1.5 0.069 0.051 1.4 16.6 1134 1.3 570 0.13 0.95 411 39 0.99 140 60.8 38 407 0.091 56.9 0.025

2004 11 2 0.054 0.049 1.5 17.8 1179 1.4 486 0.13 0.98 441 45 1.03 166 71.4 50 433 0.085 53.8 0.023

1999 17 2.5 0.081 0.048 1.6 19.4 983 1.5 692 0.13 0.92 431 45 0.99 205 67.1 57 457 0.085 50.6 0.022

1993 22 3 0.055 0.038 1.4 21.0 855 2.3 426 0.13 0.80 415 41 1.38 199 57.1 69 422 0.092 46.3 0.034

1987 29 3.5 0.05 0.038 1.4 22.7 671 3.0 360 0.13 0.79 403 36 1.70 195 52.6 76 394 0.093 7.0 15.6 8.0 0.056 41.8 0.047

1980 35 4 0.041 0.034 1.4 22.8 617 4.0 369 0.11 0.74 375 40 2.25 202 52.4 79 374 0.081 39.8 0.056

1973 43 4.5 0.034 0.025 1.3 21.5 656 3.7 377 0.12 0.60 406 32 3.04 185 60.8 89 389 0.093 42.0 0.095

1965 50 5 0.054 0.031 1.7 18.7 699 4.7 396 0.11 0.79 403 35 3.19 265 62.7 100 403 0.068 45.8 0.091

1956 60 5.5 0.056 0.043 1.9 17.1 857 4.7 458 0.13 0.84 481 37 3.43 312 72.4 115 430 0.069 48.5 0.093

1946 69 6 0.062 0.046 2.1 15.3 1017 3.7 498 0.13 0.94 486 45 2.84 425 72.6 116 360 0.063 53.5 0.063

1922 93 7 0.047 0.04 2.1 14.5 1081 2.6 470 0.12 1.05 504 41 1.80 302 80.7 124 288 0.057 9.1 5.4 9.9 0.066 57.4 0.044

1893 122 8 0.049 0.049 2.2 14.7 1807 1.8 538 0.12 1.18 502 50 1.23 330 86.9 139 286 0.051 58.0 0.025

1857 158 9 0.06 0.04 2.2 15.7 1346 1.4 554 0.12 1.07 527 52 1.00 365 84.3 130 277 0.055 10.3 5.3 9.2 0.077 57.2 0.019

1816 199 10 0.044 0.031 2.1 17.1 1244 1.1 518 0.11 0.98 528 51 0.85 476 78.1 112 261 0.054 55.1 0.017

1770 245 11 0.041 0.028 1.9 18.4 1265 1.0 473 0.11 0.90 536 45 0.77 571 74.4 99 187 0.057 50.4 0.017

1719 296 12 0.044 0.024 1.7 19.8 1194 1.0 429 0.10 0.83 508 47 0.70 528 75.7 99 221 0.059 9.6 8.7 7.6 0.104 52.9 0.015

1664 351 13 0.038 0.022 1.7 20.2 1241 1.0 440 0.10 0.80 509 47 0.68 493 72.2 90 181 0.060 11.5 8.7 7.2 0.104 49.8 0.015

1606 409 14 0.036 0.023 1.6 21.1 1389 1.0 467 0.10 0.81 506 50 0.71 466 78.3 86 173 0.063 47.9 0.014

1546 469 15 0.041 0.025 1.6 19.5 1260 1.1 484 0.10 0.80 499 48 0.75 477 82.2 78 169 0.066 11.1 8.4 7.7 0.096 51.2 0.016

1483 532 16 0.047 0.024 1.5 18.9 1274 1.1 486 0.10 0.78 480 50 0.74 392 79.9 71 162 0.066 52.7 0.015

1451 564 16 0.034 0.014 1.4 18.9 1255 1.2 492 0.09 0.74 431 45 0.92 389 77.6 66 159 0.060 54.1 0.020

1419 596 17 0.029 0.021 1.4 18.4 1206 1.1 473 0.09 0.78 459 49 0.77 406 81.7 70 141 0.065 11.3 7.1 7.7 0.091 52.7 0.016

1387 628 17 0.039 0.021 1.4 18.9 1209 1.1 485 0.09 0.79 417 50 0.85 426 85.8 61 138 0.062 10.1 8.8 8.3 0.088 53.0 0.017

1355 660 18 0.034 0.011 1.3 18.2 1240 1.1 540 0.08 0.78 378 45 0.80 427 82 46 126 0.060 54.7 0.018

1290 725 19 0.027 0.012 1.2 16.1 1217 1.1 569 0.07 0.76 315 46 0.77 488 87.6 42 118 0.058 9.9 6.3 8.9 0.088 59.3 0.017

1226 789 20 0.028 0.015 1.3 15.1 1435 1.1 676 0.07 0.87 279 51 0.71 480 78 25 102 0.052 61.2 0.014

1163 852 21 0.029 0.01 1.3 14.8 1522 1.1 700 0.06 0.94 257 52 0.69 442 99 20 109 0.046 9.2 5.5 9.9 0.089 61.9 0.013

1101 914 22 0.034 0.017 1.4 15.0 1676 1.2 732 0.07 0.99 291 55 0.71 369 91.9 18 107 0.048 61.0 0.013

1039 976 23 0.03 0.022 1.4 14.3 1705 1.2 789 0.06 0.99 292 63 0.72 324 87.3 9 103 0.045 10.2 4.1 9.6 0.102 62.5 0.011

979 1036 24 0.033 0.021 1.4 12.9 1736 1.2 803 0.07 1.01 303 56 0.76 306 95.8 7 108 0.047 65.2 0.014

921 1094 25 0.028 0.022 1.4 13.6 1667 1.2 776 0.07 1.00 304 56 0.74 294 94.9 7 121 0.052 9.9 3.7 9.8 0.111 63.9 0.013

863 1152 26 0.028 0.023 1.4 12.8 1755 1.2 863 0.07 1.01 306 57 0.74 283 85.1 6 123 0.053 65.4 0.013

808 1207 27 0.026 0.018 1.4 12.7 1800 1.2 882 0.06 0.99 340 55 0.73 281 103.5 7 116 0.044 9.9 2.9 9.2 0.120 65.8 0.013

647 1368 30 0.021 0.007 1.2 14.3 1615 1.1 687 0.05 0.95 233 54 0.70 247 95.2 5 115 0.040 63.0 0.013

594 1421 31 0.032 0.007 1.1 14.1 1411 1.1 635 0.05 0.97 200 56 0.72 241 84.6 5 101 0.041 8.5 5.5 10.9 0.100 63.6 0.013

543 1472 32 0.027 0.006 1.2 14.7 1719 1.1 660 0.05 1.06 199 63 0.73 278 83.6 6 109 0.041 62.0 0.012

492 1523 33 0.026 0.012 1.2 14.5 1563 1.1 691 0.06 1.02 213 60 0.76 287 95.1 6 109 0.047 9.6 4.9 10.5 0.091 62.4 0.013

441 1574 34 0.023 0.012 1.2 14.0 1543 1.1 746 0.06 1.02 234 67 0.77 283 99 9 119 0.046 63.3 0.012

389 1626 35 0.027 0.013 1.3 13.4 1483 1.2 811 0.06 1.04 237 62 0.79 314 100.2 9 125 0.044 8.4 5.1 11.0 0.089 64.4 0.013

338 1677 36 0.027 0.014 1.2 14.3 1483 1.1 745 0.05 1.03 216 60 0.80 314 102.2 10 135 0.042 62.8 0.013

287 1728 37 0.026 0.016 1.3 13.3 1632 1.2 882 0.06 1.05 226 66 0.80 274 106.7 8 128 0.041 10.1 3.2 10.7 0.099 64.5 0.012

235 1780 38 0.018 0.016 1.3 14.3 1432 1.1 751 0.06 1.03 237 61 0.78 218 89.2 10 120 0.045 62.7 0.013

182 1833 39 0.023 0.011 1.3 14.6 1440 1.2 664 0.05 1.07 214 60 0.90 238 98.9 13 109 0.039 9.9 4.7 11.5 0.091 61.7 0.015

128 1887 40 0.021 0.017 1.4 13.3 1674 1.4 703 0.06 1.06 246 68 0.99 264 115.5 17 127 0.041 64.0 0.015

74 1941 41 0.033 0.013 1.4 13.0 1707 1.5 709 0.05 1.13 239 67 1.14 263 106.4 13 138 0.038 10.3 2.6 11.2 0.083 64.2 0.017

18 1997 42 0.023 0.011 1.4 13.2 1597 1.6 726 0.05 1.14 221 75 1.28 243 103.3 16 132 0.038 63.5 0.017

-39 2054 43 0.029 0.015 1.4 13.0 1608 1.8 766 0.06 1.10 233 69 1.48 210 91.6 9 145 0.040 8.9 4.1 12.9 0.084 63.4 0.022

-96 2111 44 0.018 0.014 1.4 13.0 1584 1.3 776 0.05 1.12 229 70 1.04 219 93.2 9 132 0.037 64.3 0.015

-154 2169 45 0.023 0.013 1.5 12.8 2324 1.5 838 0.05 1.24 231 70 1.24 291 113.9 10 149 0.036 8.5 4.3 11.5 0.100 63.9 0.018

-213 2228 46 0.017 0.012 1.4 14.6 1699 1.3 683 0.05 1.11 210 70 1.04 281 91.4 6 127 0.034 61.1 0.015

-273 2288 47 0.027 0.015 1.5 15.0 1611 1.3 639 0.06 1.11 266 70 1.08 294 110.1 7 145 0.041 10.9 4.1 11.2 0.080 60.1 0.015

-334 2349 48 0.018 0.016 1.5 15.0 1433 1.2 620 0.06 1.13 304 74 1.03 225 86.8 7 148 0.040 60.2 0.014

-395 2410 49 0.02 0.012 1.5 16.5 1313 1.2 592 0.06 1.13 298 71 1.02 236 99.9 5 146 0.038 10.9 5.5 11.4 0.071 57.0 0.014

-457 2472 50 0.02 0.015 1.4 16.6 1505 1.1 618 0.06 1.12 254 73 0.96 206 75.7 6 156 0.040 57.0 0.013

-520 2535 51 0.026 0.023 1.7 15.3 2131 1.3 720 0.06 1.20 252 80 1.14 200 96.5 5 179 0.035 58.7 0.014

-583 2598 52 0.015 0.023 1.8 17.6 1385 1.3 649 0.06 1.20 280 69 1.13 199 81 9 162 0.036 53.8 0.016

-647 2662 53 0.039 0.023 1.9 17.3 1480 1.3 676 0.06 1.25 289 77 1.15 243 88.1 6 168 0.034 54.0 0.015

-712 2727 54 0.024 0.017 1.7 17.3 1291 1.3 687 0.06 1.22 269 75 1.14 249 81.5 5 162 0.033 54.4 0.015

-776 2791 55 0.033 0.026 1.7 17.7 1288 1.3 719 0.07 1.19 294 71 1.17 292 79.6 6 182 0.043 12.1 5.6 11.9 0.063 53.4 0.017

-842 2857 56 0.027 0.017 1.8 16.5 1464 1.3 763 0.06 1.31 284 84 1.24 241 81 6 197 0.035 55.9 0.015

-907 2922 57 0.014 0.023 1.8 16.0 1422 1.3 689 0.06 1.31 265 83 1.22 190 77 6 213 0.033 57.0 0.015

-973 2988 58 0.022 0.018 1.7 16.8 1296 1.2 619 0.06 1.27 276 79 1.19 214 89.3 6 186 0.034 55.4 0.015

-1040 3055 59 0.02 0.023 1.9 16.2 1385 1.2 603 0.06 1.29 280 83 1.09 257 84.2 3 173 0.032 56.5 0.013

-1106 3121 60 0.028 0.025 2.0 14.5 1440 1.2 608 0.06 1.31 303 82 1.07 306 84.7 6 149 0.031 59.9 0.013

-1173 3188 61 0.026 0.024 1.9 17.7 1308 1.2 556 0.07 1.22 277 76 1.08 337 89.9 7 136 0.035 53.5 0.014

-1240 3255 62 0.029 0.015 1.7 18.3 1282 1.1 549 0.06 1.13 262 79 0.98 395 94.9 9 133 0.036 53.0 0.012

-1307 3322 63 0.031 0.017 1.8 16.1 1266 1.1 580 0.07 1.18 317 78 0.97 442 99.7 5 157 0.037 57.5 0.012

-1375 3390 64 0.035 0.022 1.9 14.6 1415 1.3 658 0.07 1.23 324 80 1.14 303 85.7 7 177 0.037 59.7 0.014

-1442 3457 65 0.03 0.022 2.0 14.0 1367 1.4 624 0.07 1.30 342 87 1.25 240 82 7 180 0.036 60.6 0.014

-1510 3525 66 0.029 0.026 1.8 15.1 1377 1.4 621 0.07 1.26 308 84 1.20 234 75.2 6 201 0.039 58.9 0.014

-1577 3592 67 0.038 0.023 1.7 14.8 1254 1.3 609 0.08 1.23 338 82 1.17 251 87.8 9 222 0.044 59.6 0.014

-1645 3660 68 0.028 0.023 1.8 14.4 1329 1.3 618 0.07 1.31 343 86 1.18 252 77.3 7 237 0.035 60.3 0.014

-1712 3727 69 0.03 0.022 2.0 14.6 1287 1.3 588 0.06 1.34 330 92 1.21 319 95.5 7 236 0.031 59.3 0.013

-1779 3794 70 0.038 0.019 2.0 14.5 1277 1.2 562 0.06 1.28 294 84 1.11 319 85.7 7 202 0.032 60.0 0.013

-1847 3862 71 0.024 0.024 1.8 15.8 1196 1.3 567 0.06 1.25 310 86 1.22 307 86.8 8 171 0.035 57.3 0.014

-1914 3929 72 0.038 0.022 2.0 13.6 5113 1.5 554 0.06 1.86 299 95 1.41 583 84.9 10 231 0.031 10.4 3.2 13.5 0.058 59.4 0.015

-1980 3995 73 0.034 0.025 2.1 13.5 2904 1.3 609 0.07 1.55 348 92 1.17 422 73.9 7 207 0.033 60.9 0.013

-2047 4062 74 0.027 0.019 1.9 14.3 1310 1.2 599 0.07 1.29 328 78 1.10 382 96.3 8 172 0.034 60.4 0.014

-2113 4128 75 0.023 0.019 1.9 13.8 1286 1.5 624 0.06 1.30 312 88 1.28 299 91.3 6 184 0.031 61.2 0.015

-2179 4194 76 0.025 0.015 1.8 13.4 1159 1.3 605 0.06 1.29 302 79 1.22 223 84 7 179 0.033 62.5 0.015

-2245 4260 77 0.019 0.017 1.9 14.9 1195 1.2 615 0.07 1.27 337 85 1.18 224 86.3 7 187 0.034 59.2 0.014

-2311 4326 78 0.027 0.02 1.8 15.8 1145 1.2 596 0.07 1.24 365 81 1.10 240 73.4 5 174 0.038 57.6 0.014

-2376 4391 79 0.025 0.016 1.9 15.6 1313 1.3 606 0.06 1.28 331 84 1.25 227 72.8 6 152 0.032 57.4 0.015

-2441 4456 80 0.022 0.024 2.2 13.9 1726 1.4 649 0.06 1.34 325 86 1.22 321 75.6 5 163 0.029 60.3 0.014

-2506 4521 81 0.025 0.014 2.2 13.4 1436 1.4 625 0.06 1.35 284 82 1.27 246 73.9 8 178 0.026 61.6 0.016

-2571 4586 82 0.025 0.021 2.1 14.0 1418 1.5 691 0.06 1.37 284 79 1.44 183 72.6 6 200 0.029 59.8 0.018

-2635 4650 83 0.034 0.028 2.3 12.4 1485 1.5 613 0.07 1.41 326 88 1.43 226 93.1 7 213 0.031 62.9 0.016

-2699 4714 84 0.02 0.02 2.2 13.0 1327 1.5 591 0.07 1.35 340 88 1.30 264 88.9 7 210 0.031 62.1 0.015

-2763 4778 85 0.017 0.021 2.2 13.5 1359 1.4 682 0.07 1.42 321 89 1.30 235 78.8 9 231 0.031 61.1 0.015

-2827 4842 86 0.023 0.022 2.3 12.5 1318 1.4 650 0.07 1.45 344 93 1.40 234 88 9 232 0.028 62.7 0.015

-2891 4906 87 0.046 0.023 2.3 13.5 1325 1.4 683 0.07 1.44 423 106 1.39 244 92.9 10 208 0.031 10.3 3.3 14.3 0.048 60.6 0.013

-2954 4969 88 0.017 0.025 2.5 13.4 1421 1.4 647 0.05 1.52 327 96 1.44 231 97.9 7 202 0.021 60.4 0.015

-3017 5032 89 0.027 0.024 2.6 13.0 1462 1.7 650 0.06 1.52 359 97 1.57 266 92.9 10 186 0.022 60.6 0.016

-3079 5094 90 0.03 0.014 2.5 14.5 1382 1.3 591 0.05 1.42 296 86 1.24 316 99.1 8 163 0.020 58.6 0.014

-3142 5157 91 0.029 0.02 2.5 13.4 1496 1.3 631 0.05 1.43 317 90 1.26 372 89.3 7 180 0.021 60.8 0.014

-3204 5219 92 0.025 0.018 2.3 13.8 1344 1.2 728 0.06 1.35 304 87 1.05 350 92.3 7 153 0.025 61.0 0.012

-3266 5281 93 0.027 0.018 2.1 14.6 1290 1.2 716 0.05 1.34 307 86 1.00 398 102.3 8 139 0.024 59.7 0.012

-3327 5342 94 0.02 0.02 2.1 13.5 1404 1.2 737 0.06 1.33 312 85 1.00 341 101.2 7 158 0.028 61.9 0.012

-3389 5404 95 0.027 0.015 2.0 13.6 1310 1.5 791 0.06 1.24 277 83 1.22 327 112.5 8 165 0.028 61.5 0.015

-3450 5465 96 0.019 0.016 2.2 13.3 1374 1.2 743 0.05 1.32 299 88 1.05 364 104.6 8 137 0.025 62.3 0.012

-3511 5526 97 0.034 0.019 2.1 14.2 1242 1.2 674 0.06 1.25 259 85 1.05 420 101.4 5 145 0.027 60.4 0.012

-3571 5586 98 0.016 0.02 2.5 13.0 1408 1.1 592 0.05 1.33 257 89 1.08 297 102.6 9 148 0.022 62.4 0.012

-3631 5646 99 0.029 0.017 2.8 12.5 1764 1.2 643 0.05 1.41 244 87 1.12 342 91.6 7 175 0.018 62.5 0.013

-3691 5706 100 0.031 0.021 2.7 12.2 1501 1.1 663 0.06 1.35 284 88 1.03 305 88.9 7 191 0.023 63.4 0.012

-3751 5766 101 0.027 0.023 2.6 12.6 1419 1.1 656 0.06 1.33 279 88 1.04 248 84.8 8 184 0.023 63.1 0.012

-3811 5826 102 0.035 0.026 2.6 12.1 1899 1.1 659 0.07 1.43 305 92 1.07 388 95.2 11 210 0.028 9.2 2.9 12.9 0.050 63.7 0.012

-3870 5885 103 0.025 0.025 2.4 12.2 1376 1.1 643 0.07 1.32 304 84 1.03 423 101.4 9 195 0.028 64.1 0.012

-3929 5944 104 0.033 0.023 2.6 13.3 1456 1.2 631 0.06 1.30 258 82 1.05 448 102.7 10 159 0.023 61.4 0.013

-3987 6002 105 0.024 0.022 3.0 11.8 1649 1.2 518 0.06 1.39 256 90 1.10 425 100.6 9 161 0.021 63.6 0.012

-4045 6060 106 0.033 0.018 2.8 12.6 1613 1.2 587 0.07 1.34 257 89 1.09 480 92.2 9 168 0.023 62.3 0.012

-4103 6118 107 0.036 0.03 2.8 10.9 1621 1.2 571 0.08 1.35 285 92 1.15 470 101.5 10 194 0.027 65.9 0.012

-4218 6233 109 0.029 0.023 2.8 12.3 1668 1.2 584 0.06 1.36 267 89 1.08 448 83.1 10 145 0.023 63.1 0.012

-4276 6291 110 0.033 0.023 2.7 12.1 1543 1.2 635 0.07 1.34 282 94 1.00 576 98.9 9 170 0.025 63.8 0.011

-4332 6347 111 0.039 0.031 2.9 11.6 1690 1.3 630 0.07 1.37 283 90 1.11 519 106.1 8 165 0.025 64.2 0.012

-4389 6404 112 0.04 0.027 3.0 10.1 1830 1.6 640 0.07 1.36 279 90 1.29 515 103.2 8 182 0.023 66.4 0.014

-4445 6460 113 0.039 0.029 2.8 11.6 1665 1.6 573 0.08 1.34 290 90 1.30 568 97.7 8 195 0.027 9.1 2.5 12.9 0.050 63.7 0.014

-4501 6516 114 0.042 0.028 3.1 11.1 1878 1.4 573 0.07 1.41 267 94 1.18 649 103.8 11 206 0.023 64.3 0.013

-4556 6571 115 0.038 0.028 3.1 12.4 1735 1.5 555 0.07 1.41 277 93 1.35 669 102.9 10 214 0.024 61.3 0.014

-4612 6627 116 0.029 0.028 3.4 10.6 1890 1.2 575 0.08 1.41 286 96 1.21 593 96.5 11 237 0.023 65.1 0.013

-4667 6682 117 0.037 0.032 3.1 10.5 1925 1.2 608 0.09 1.38 320 97 1.16 560 96.5 14 262 0.029 66.0 0.012

-4721 6736 118 0.038 0.034 3.1 10.5 2599 1.2 592 0.10 1.51 324 103 1.24 620 97.1 15 249 0.033 65.5 0.012

-4775 6790 119 0.037 0.037 2.9 11.1 1771 1.2 603 0.09 1.31 308 90 1.11 581 100.4 10 242 0.032 65.5 0.012

-4829 6844 120 0.023 0.026 3.2 10.2 1900 1.2 641 0.08 1.38 278 94 1.15 469 94.6 9 223 0.023 66.4 0.012

-4883 6898 121 0.031 0.031 3.1 10.1 1796 1.2 619 0.08 1.32 299 92 1.13 498 89.6 10 236 0.025 67.0 0.012

-4936 6951 122 0.039 0.034 3.1 11.5 1836 1.3 617 0.10 1.35 390 97 1.21 598 111 15 258 0.031 9.0 2.5 12.9 0.058 63.7 0.012

-4989 7004 123 0.043 0.046 3.2 10.2 1716 1.4 610 0.12 1.35 471 96 1.30 564 92.7 12 296 0.039 66.1 0.014

-5042 7057 124 0.04 0.039 3.2 10.7 1788 1.5 578 0.11 1.32 333 89 1.32 666 97.9 15 292 0.034 64.8 0.015

-5094 7109 125 0.05 0.047 3.4 11.5 2389 1.3 663 0.13 1.40 351 101 1.23 660 97.6 14 308 0.039 62.9 0.012

-5147 7162 126 0.049 0.028 2.7 13.6 2315 1.2 655 0.10 1.34 270 96 1.03 729 93.2 7 247 0.035 60.2 0.011

-5198 7213 127 0.034 0.027 2.6 14.4 1795 1.3 651 0.09 1.22 264 89 1.15 831 92.2 9 224 0.033 9.8 4.7 11.4 0.066 58.8 0.013

-5250 7265 128 0.035 0.012 1.8 20.8 1211 1.1 522 0.07 1.00 229 71 1.00 928 83.1 5 198 0.041 47.4 0.014

-5301 7316 129 0.032 0.007 1.4 24.8 962 1.5 407 0.06 0.85 185 64 1.49 918 70.3 6 162 0.043 38.7 0.023

-5351 7366 130 0.04 0.01 1.4 28.5 852 1.2 361 0.06 0.77 151 54 1.09 933 57.5 5 141 0.044 11.0 17.5 8.6 0.092 32.0 0.020

-5402 7417 131 0.03 0.004 1.3 29.4 821 0.9 352 0.06 0.73 155 53 0.81 752 57.4 4 124 0.045 31.2 0.015

-5451 7466 132 0.027 0.007 1.3 30.0 770 0.8 311 0.06 0.70 138 51 0.74 629 54.5 3 121 0.044 12.2 17.8 7.8 0.092 30.1 0.015

-5501 7516 133 0.022 0.005 1.3 30.2 765 0.8 320 0.06 0.71 145 54 0.73 525 53.6 5 113 0.043 29.6 0.014

-5550 7565 134 0.036 0.009 1.5 28.7 934 0.9 311 0.05 0.80 155 56 0.85 1009 50.7 4 139 0.036 31.9 0.015

-5599 7614 135 0.031 0.003 1.4 29.6 830 0.8 299 0.06 0.70 141 48 0.79 771 50.5 5 119 0.040 30.6 0.016

-5648 7663 136 0.04 0.007 1.5 30.0 824 0.8 298 0.06 0.73 145 52 0.75 715 48.1 5 121 0.040 29.6 0.015

-5696 7711 137 0.032 0.007 1.4 29.3 866 0.8 320 0.06 0.71 135 49 0.71 647 46.5 5 116 0.040 31.3 0.015

-5744 7759 138 0.024 0.009 1.5 30.0 888 0.9 315 0.06 0.70 148 47 0.79 598 49.8 3 115 0.041 10.0 20.0 8.3 0.089 29.5 0.017

-5792 7807 139 0.034 0.009 1.5 29.7 915 0.9 300 0.06 0.71 151 47 0.81 570 46.4 3 114 0.041 30.1 0.017

-5840 7855 140 0.034 0.01 1.6 29.5 967 0.9 330 0.06 0.74 155 52 0.88 579 47.3 4 120 0.038 30.1 0.017

-5887 7902 141 0.036 0.008 1.6 28.4 1114 1.0 319 0.06 0.76 139 55 0.88 595 47.1 4 115 0.035 32.3 0.016

-5934 7949 142 0.023 0.009 1.7 27.8 1273 1.2 304 0.06 0.80 138 54 1.08 611 49.4 2 114 0.033 10.7 17.2 9.4 0.070 32.8 0.020

-5980 7995 143 0.042 0.008 1.8 27.2 1120 1.2 330 0.06 0.80 151 56 1.01 599 50.3 5 122 0.031 34.1 0.018

-6026 8041 144 0.036 0.007 2.0 25.4 1166 1.1 292 0.05 0.84 138 47 0.91 651 51.5 4 104 0.028 37.8 0.019

-6072 8087 145 0.033 0.01 2.1 24.3 1232 1.1 301 0.06 0.83 132 52 0.91 578 48.1 4 106 0.027 39.9 0.017

-6118 8133 146 0.031 0.01 2.2 24.0 1244 1.2 293 0.06 0.84 127 53 1.00 567 51.9 3 102 0.025 9.6 14.4 9.1 0.067 40.2 0.019

-6163 8178 147 0.023 0.008 2.1 24.0 1226 1.1 282 0.05 0.82 137 50 0.90 582 48.4 3 110 0.026 40.6 0.018

-6209 8224 148 0.036 0.012 2.2 25.4 1255 1.2 257 0.05 0.85 136 48 0.98 612 46.4 5 115 0.025 12.8 13.3 9.0 0.064 37.2 0.020

-6253 8268 149 0.034 0.004 2.1 24.7 1199 1.1 264 0.05 0.82 127 48 0.85 598 43.5 4 109 0.026 39.3 0.018

-6298 8313 150 0.037 0.01 2.1 25.8 1204 1.0 271 0.06 0.82 136 46 0.82 607 43.3 4 110 0.027 36.9 0.018

-6342 8357 151 0.034 0.01 2.1 26.1 1259 1.0 283 0.06 0.80 141 47 0.79 657 44.4 6 117 0.028 36.4 0.017

-6387 8402 152 0.036 0.013 2.0 26.1 1181 1.0 283 0.06 0.80 144 49 0.79 633 43.4 2 122 0.029 36.5 0.016

-6430 8445 153 0.033 0.012 2.0 26.4 1178 1.0 275 0.06 0.78 143 49 0.78 589 45.2 5 124 0.031 36.1 0.016

-6474 8489 154 0.032 0.013 1.9 25.7 1195 1.1 286 0.06 0.84 147 50 0.83 637 43.6 4 132 0.032 37.3 0.017

-6517 8532 155 0.031 0.006 1.9 25.5 1160 1.0 267 0.06 0.79 143 55 0.81 627 45 5 114 0.033 38.0 0.015

-6560 8575 156 0.041 0.011 1.9 25.1 1162 1.1 267 0.06 0.81 144 45 0.79 590 44.8 4 108 0.030 38.9 0.017

-6603 8618 157 0.033 0.006 1.9 24.9 1230 1.0 275 0.06 0.82 141 50 0.76 557 43 4 98 0.030 39.2 0.015

-6646 8661 158 0.033 0.007 2.0 24.5 1217 1.1 256 0.05 0.82 140 44 0.83 534 39.2 4 92 0.027 39.8 0.019

-6689 8704 159 0.03 0.009 2.1 24.4 1282 1.1 264 0.06 0.80 135 42 0.74 469 40.1 4 89 0.027 9.0 15.4 8.7 0.057 40.1 0.018

-6731 8746 160 0.028 0.012 2.0 26.4 1251 1.0 294 0.06 0.79 148 48 0.73 608 43.1 4 110 0.031 35.9 0.015

-6773 8788 161 0.028 0.009 1.9 27.7 1184 1.0 281 0.06 0.74 150 50 0.69 591 40.6 4 111 0.033 33.6 0.014

-6815 8830 162 0.031 0.01 1.7 27.4 1080 1.0 274 0.06 0.72 132 47 0.71 596 44 5 108 0.036 34.7 0.015

-6856 8871 164 0.038 0.005 1.6 26.8 1056 1.1 289 0.05 0.73 129 48 0.69 699 42.8 3 103 0.033 8.3 18.5 8.3 0.060 35.9 0.014

-6939 8954 165 0.024 0.002 1.7 23.4 1122 1.2 287 0.05 0.84 133 48 0.68 583 38.4 4 89 0.028 42.8 0.014

-6980 8995 166 0.038 0.005 1.8 23.9 1114 1.2 268 0.05 0.89 137 44 0.64 649 38.2 5 84 0.028 41.6 0.015

-7021 9036 167 0.037 0.004 1.8 22.9 1166 1.3 309 0.05 0.91 127 38 0.69 647 35.6 5 81 0.029 43.5 0.018

-7061 9076 168 0.037 0.003 1.8 22.9 1189 1.4 263 0.05 0.88 121 49 0.84 629 34.5 3 81 0.029 43.4 0.017

-7102 9117 169 0.042 0.01 1.8 23.3 1231 1.3 284 0.06 0.82 131 45 0.87 717 40.2 3 89 0.034 42.4 0.019

-7142 9157 171 0.041 0.011 1.8 22.5 1252 1.4 305 0.06 0.80 136 49 0.96 695 40.9 4 89 0.034 9.3 13.2 9.1 0.060 43.9 0.020

-7222 9237 172 0.049 0.013 1.6 24.6 1129 1.3 330 0.07 0.82 136 54 0.78 715 36.9 4 91 0.040 40.2 0.014

-7262 9277 173 0.054 0.013 1.5 24.3 1036 1.3 324 0.07 0.83 138 52 0.73 720 36.5 4 100 0.044 41.2 0.014

-7301 9316 174 0.041 0.014 1.4 24.3 1096 1.4 320 0.07 0.87 152 47 0.80 878 36.6 3 105 0.049 40.8 0.017

-7341 9356 175 0.044 0.011 1.3 24.7 998 1.5 301 0.07 0.81 151 45 0.94 728 34.9 5 97 0.053 40.1 0.021

-7380 9395 176 0.034 0.009 1.2 25.6 1005 1.3 288 0.07 0.77 146 38 0.72 548 35.6 3 92 0.059 38.9 0.019

-7419 9434 177 0.037 0.008 1.3 26.7 962 1.2 272 0.08 0.76 144 44 0.67 579 36.9 1 95 0.060 36.7 0.015

-7458 9473 178 0.036 0.009 1.2 27.4 865 1.1 284 0.08 0.73 148 42 0.59 633 30.9 5 99 0.063 35.7 0.014

-7497 9512 179 0.03 0.011 1.2 29.0 819 1.0 279 0.07 0.69 149 41 0.55 602 32.4 2 94 0.064 32.5 0.014

-7536 9551 180 0.044 0.011 1.1 28.9 757 1.0 283 0.07 0.70 142 45 0.53 535 31 4 92 0.065 32.7 0.012

-7575 9590 181 0.045 0.014 1.1 29.4 696 1.1 263 0.07 0.69 154 42 0.59 515 31.8 3 83 0.064 9.2 20.2 5.9 0.056 31.4 0.014

-7613 9628 182 0.04 0.017 1.0 31.7 551 0.9 280 0.09 0.57 153 40 0.49 569 27 3 82 0.089 27.4 0.012

-7652 9667 183 0.034 0.017 0.9 32.2 456 0.9 305 0.10 0.56 175 39 0.50 602 27.2 5 85 0.109 26.4 0.013

-7690 9705 184 0.056 0.021 0.8 32.0 390 0.9 340 0.11 0.51 181 42 0.56 669 27.6 5 79 0.130 27.1 0.013

-7728 9743 185 0.057 0.017 0.8 33.1 255 0.9 276 0.11 0.47 174 45 0.54 654 24.3 5 79 0.139 25.0 0.012

-7766 9781 186 0.05 0.021 0.7 34.2 259 0.9 296 0.11 0.48 175 39 0.56 753 24.3 4 84 0.143 11.4 22.8 5.6 0.041 22.5 0.014

-7804 9819 187 0.051 0.022 0.9 31.7 245 0.9 267 0.13 0.46 226 39 0.57 678 22.6 5 87 0.149 27.6 0.015

-7842 9857 188 0.063 0.038 1.0 32.0 249 1.0 254 0.16 0.49 249 44 0.72 616 22.1 6 89 0.157 26.4 0.016

-7880 9895 189 0.072 0.033 0.9 32.3 268 1.1 229 0.14 0.50 254 45 0.76 684 22.1 6 87 0.161 25.9 0.017

-7917 9932 190 0.071 0.039 1.0 32.3 234 1.1 245 0.16 0.49 268 50 0.90 641 23.5 7 92 0.166 25.4 0.018

-7955 9970 191 0.068 0.034 1.0 32.9 217 1.1 230 0.17 0.46 291 53 0.91 732 21.3 6 108 0.178 24.1 0.017

-7993 10008 192 0.083 0.052 1.2 32.5 231 1.1 247 0.21 0.51 345 51 0.87 836 23.1 8 107 0.184 24.4 0.017

-8030 10045 193 0.086 0.065 1.2 30.5 243 1.1 257 0.23 0.52 414 67 0.94 840 22.6 9 113 0.191 28.4 0.014

-8067 10082 194 0.075 0.061 1.1 30.6 198 1.1 215 0.23 0.50 377 57 0.89 706 21.7 7 101 0.204 28.5 0.016

-8105 10120 195 0.098 0.067 1.2 29.7 230 1.2 205 0.27 0.55 440 69 0.99 749 25.5 7 104 0.221 29.9 0.014

-8142 10157 196 0.113 0.067 1.2 28.8 281 1.4 230 0.28 0.60 485 73 1.21 877 33.1 8 113 0.235 31.1 0.017

-8179 10194 197 0.104 0.073 1.2 30.1 261 1.2 227 0.31 0.58 540 75 0.93 726 33.5 10 105 0.261 12.6 17.6 4.3 0.041 29.0 0.012

-8216 10231 198 0.124 0.085 1.4 26.4 246 1.1 214 0.42 0.60 632 85 0.94 694 32.4 11 118 0.300 36.5 0.011

-8253 10268 199 0.182 0.107 1.6 25.5 310 1.2 237 0.56 0.66 942 106 1.01 675 34.2 11 115 0.342 37.3 0.010

-8290 10305 200 0.245 0.108 1.7 23.9 362 1.2 191 0.66 0.67 1111 115 0.98 757 32.2 13 116 0.378 15.1 8.8 4.5 0.052 40.2 0.009

-8327 10342 201 0.258 0.117 1.8 24.3 386 1.3 207 0.67 0.68 1119 108 1.13 948 36.1 12 124 0.383 39.0 0.010

-8364 10379 202 0.274 0.119 1.8 25.2 344 1.2 162 0.76 0.63 1304 120 1.13 592 29.2 13 107 0.422 37.1 0.009

-8401 10416 203 0.304 0.139 1.9 25.6 316 1.1 151 0.83 0.61 1396 128 1.17 551 27.2 13 105 0.429 35.9 0.009

-8438 10453 204 0.371 0.163 2.2 26.2 312 1.0 133 0.98 0.60 1591 143 1.19 478 22.7 16 97 0.450 33.9 0.008

-8475 10490 205 0.401 0.184 2.3 26.8 332 0.9 125 1.04 0.58 1590 146 1.26 351 23 14 85 0.460 32.3 0.009

-8511 10526 206 0.228 0.155 1.8 26.8 366 1.1 171 0.73 0.60 1282 128 1.26 469 26.8 14 116 0.413 33.7 0.010

-8548 10563 207 0.241 0.142 1.7 27.4 271 1.3 184 0.71 0.58 1433 119 1.41 467 27.9 15 109 0.422 32.2 0.012

-8585 10600 208 0.384 0.158 2.0 27.7 134 0.8 78 0.99 0.46 1401 116 1.18 288 22.3 16 65 0.506 31.5 0.010

-8622 10637 209 0.367 0.201 2.3 28.5 193 0.6 91 1.13 0.48 1606 142 1.04 220 17.4 13 41 0.496 17.5 11.1 3.8 0.027 29.3 0.007

Attachment 2 continued. Holtjärnen data set Part 2


2015 0 1 0.126 0.07 1.5 16.7 1423 1.3 973 0.17 1.03 414 50 0.95 155 55.7 32 420 0.114 56.3 0.019

2010 5.5 1.5 0.069 0.051 1.4 16.6 1134 1.3 570 0.13 0.95 411 39 0.99 140 60.8 38 407 0.091 56.9 0.025

2004 11 2 0.054 0.049 1.5 17.8 1179 1.4 486 0.13 0.98 441 45 1.03 166 71.4 50 433 0.085 53.8 0.023

1999 17 2.5 0.081 0.048 1.6 19.4 983 1.5 692 0.13 0.92 431 45 0.99 205 67.1 57 457 0.085 50.6 0.022

1993 22 3 0.055 0.038 1.4 21.0 855 2.3 426 0.13 0.80 415 41 1.38 199 57.1 69 422 0.092 46.3 0.034

1987 29 3.5 0.05 0.038 1.4 22.7 671 3.0 360 0.13 0.79 403 36 1.70 195 52.6 76 394 0.093 7.0 15.6 8.0 0.056 41.8 0.047

1980 35 4 0.041 0.034 1.4 22.8 617 4.0 369 0.11 0.74 375 40 2.25 202 52.4 79 374 0.081 39.8 0.056

1973 43 4.5 0.034 0.025 1.3 21.5 656 3.7 377 0.12 0.60 406 32 3.04 185 60.8 89 389 0.093 42.0 0.095

1965 50 5 0.054 0.031 1.7 18.7 699 4.7 396 0.11 0.79 403 35 3.19 265 62.7 100 403 0.068 45.8 0.091

1956 60 5.5 0.056 0.043 1.9 17.1 857 4.7 458 0.13 0.84 481 37 3.43 312 72.4 115 430 0.069 48.5 0.093

1946 69 6 0.062 0.046 2.1 15.3 1017 3.7 498 0.13 0.94 486 45 2.84 425 72.6 116 360 0.063 53.5 0.063

1922 93 7 0.047 0.04 2.1 14.5 1081 2.6 470 0.12 1.05 504 41 1.80 302 80.7 124 288 0.057 9.1 5.4 9.9 0.066 57.4 0.044

1893 122 8 0.049 0.049 2.2 14.7 1807 1.8 538 0.12 1.18 502 50 1.23 330 86.9 139 286 0.051 58.0 0.025

1857 158 9 0.06 0.04 2.2 15.7 1346 1.4 554 0.12 1.07 527 52 1.00 365 84.3 130 277 0.055 10.3 5.3 9.2 0.077 57.2 0.019

1816 199 10 0.044 0.031 2.1 17.1 1244 1.1 518 0.11 0.98 528 51 0.85 476 78.1 112 261 0.054 55.1 0.017

1770 245 11 0.041 0.028 1.9 18.4 1265 1.0 473 0.11 0.90 536 45 0.77 571 74.4 99 187 0.057 50.4 0.017

1719 296 12 0.044 0.024 1.7 19.8 1194 1.0 429 0.10 0.83 508 47 0.70 528 75.7 99 221 0.059 9.6 8.7 7.6 0.104 52.9 0.015

1664 351 13 0.038 0.022 1.7 20.2 1241 1.0 440 0.10 0.80 509 47 0.68 493 72.2 90 181 0.060 11.5 8.7 7.2 0.104 49.8 0.015

1606 409 14 0.036 0.023 1.6 21.1 1389 1.0 467 0.10 0.81 506 50 0.71 466 78.3 86 173 0.063 47.9 0.014

1546 469 15 0.041 0.025 1.6 19.5 1260 1.1 484 0.10 0.80 499 48 0.75 477 82.2 78 169 0.066 11.1 8.4 7.7 0.096 51.2 0.016

1483 532 16 0.047 0.024 1.5 18.9 1274 1.1 486 0.10 0.78 480 50 0.74 392 79.9 71 162 0.066 52.7 0.015

1451 564 16 0.034 0.014 1.4 18.9 1255 1.2 492 0.09 0.74 431 45 0.92 389 77.6 66 159 0.060 54.1 0.020

1419 596 17 0.029 0.021 1.4 18.4 1206 1.1 473 0.09 0.78 459 49 0.77 406 81.7 70 141 0.065 11.3 7.1 7.7 0.091 52.7 0.016

1387 628 17 0.039 0.021 1.4 18.9 1209 1.1 485 0.09 0.79 417 50 0.85 426 85.8 61 138 0.062 10.1 8.8 8.3 0.088 53.0 0.017

1355 660 18 0.034 0.011 1.3 18.2 1240 1.1 540 0.08 0.78 378 45 0.80 427 82 46 126 0.060 54.7 0.018

1290 725 19 0.027 0.012 1.2 16.1 1217 1.1 569 0.07 0.76 315 46 0.77 488 87.6 42 118 0.058 9.9 6.3 8.9 0.088 59.3 0.017

1226 789 20 0.028 0.015 1.3 15.1 1435 1.1 676 0.07 0.87 279 51 0.71 480 78 25 102 0.052 61.2 0.014

1163 852 21 0.029 0.01 1.3 14.8 1522 1.1 700 0.06 0.94 257 52 0.69 442 99 20 109 0.046 9.2 5.5 9.9 0.089 61.9 0.013

1101 914 22 0.034 0.017 1.4 15.0 1676 1.2 732 0.07 0.99 291 55 0.71 369 91.9 18 107 0.048 61.0 0.013

1039 976 23 0.03 0.022 1.4 14.3 1705 1.2 789 0.06 0.99 292 63 0.72 324 87.3 9 103 0.045 10.2 4.1 9.6 0.102 62.5 0.011

979 1036 24 0.033 0.021 1.4 12.9 1736 1.2 803 0.07 1.01 303 56 0.76 306 95.8 7 108 0.047 65.2 0.014

921 1094 25 0.028 0.022 1.4 13.6 1667 1.2 776 0.07 1.00 304 56 0.74 294 94.9 7 121 0.052 9.9 3.7 9.8 0.111 63.9 0.013

863 1152 26 0.028 0.023 1.4 12.8 1755 1.2 863 0.07 1.01 306 57 0.74 283 85.1 6 123 0.053 65.4 0.013

808 1207 27 0.026 0.018 1.4 12.7 1800 1.2 882 0.06 0.99 340 55 0.73 281 103.5 7 116 0.044 9.9 2.9 9.2 0.120 65.8 0.013

647 1368 30 0.021 0.007 1.2 14.3 1615 1.1 687 0.05 0.95 233 54 0.70 247 95.2 5 115 0.040 63.0 0.013

594 1421 31 0.032 0.007 1.1 14.1 1411 1.1 635 0.05 0.97 200 56 0.72 241 84.6 5 101 0.041 8.5 5.5 10.9 0.100 63.6 0.013

543 1472 32 0.027 0.006 1.2 14.7 1719 1.1 660 0.05 1.06 199 63 0.73 278 83.6 6 109 0.041 62.0 0.012

492 1523 33 0.026 0.012 1.2 14.5 1563 1.1 691 0.06 1.02 213 60 0.76 287 95.1 6 109 0.047 9.6 4.9 10.5 0.091 62.4 0.013

441 1574 34 0.023 0.012 1.2 14.0 1543 1.1 746 0.06 1.02 234 67 0.77 283 99 9 119 0.046 63.3 0.012

389 1626 35 0.027 0.013 1.3 13.4 1483 1.2 811 0.06 1.04 237 62 0.79 314 100.2 9 125 0.044 8.4 5.1 11.0 0.089 64.4 0.013

338 1677 36 0.027 0.014 1.2 14.3 1483 1.1 745 0.05 1.03 216 60 0.80 314 102.2 10 135 0.042 62.8 0.013

287 1728 37 0.026 0.016 1.3 13.3 1632 1.2 882 0.06 1.05 226 66 0.80 274 106.7 8 128 0.041 10.1 3.2 10.7 0.099 64.5 0.012

235 1780 38 0.018 0.016 1.3 14.3 1432 1.1 751 0.06 1.03 237 61 0.78 218 89.2 10 120 0.045 62.7 0.013

182 1833 39 0.023 0.011 1.3 14.6 1440 1.2 664 0.05 1.07 214 60 0.90 238 98.9 13 109 0.039 9.9 4.7 11.5 0.091 61.7 0.015

128 1887 40 0.021 0.017 1.4 13.3 1674 1.4 703 0.06 1.06 246 68 0.99 264 115.5 17 127 0.041 64.0 0.015

74 1941 41 0.033 0.013 1.4 13.0 1707 1.5 709 0.05 1.13 239 67 1.14 263 106.4 13 138 0.038 10.3 2.6 11.2 0.083 64.2 0.017

18 1997 42 0.023 0.011 1.4 13.2 1597 1.6 726 0.05 1.14 221 75 1.28 243 103.3 16 132 0.038 63.5 0.017

-39 2054 43 0.029 0.015 1.4 13.0 1608 1.8 766 0.06 1.10 233 69 1.48 210 91.6 9 145 0.040 8.9 4.1 12.9 0.084 63.4 0.022

-96 2111 44 0.018 0.014 1.4 13.0 1584 1.3 776 0.05 1.12 229 70 1.04 219 93.2 9 132 0.037 64.3 0.015

-154 2169 45 0.023 0.013 1.5 12.8 2324 1.5 838 0.05 1.24 231 70 1.24 291 113.9 10 149 0.036 8.5 4.3 11.5 0.100 63.9 0.018

-213 2228 46 0.017 0.012 1.4 14.6 1699 1.3 683 0.05 1.11 210 70 1.04 281 91.4 6 127 0.034 61.1 0.015

-273 2288 47 0.027 0.015 1.5 15.0 1611 1.3 639 0.06 1.11 266 70 1.08 294 110.1 7 145 0.041 10.9 4.1 11.2 0.080 60.1 0.015

-334 2349 48 0.018 0.016 1.5 15.0 1433 1.2 620 0.06 1.13 304 74 1.03 225 86.8 7 148 0.040 60.2 0.014

-395 2410 49 0.02 0.012 1.5 16.5 1313 1.2 592 0.06 1.13 298 71 1.02 236 99.9 5 146 0.038 10.9 5.5 11.4 0.071 57.0 0.014

-457 2472 50 0.02 0.015 1.4 16.6 1505 1.1 618 0.06 1.12 254 73 0.96 206 75.7 6 156 0.040 57.0 0.013

-520 2535 51 0.026 0.023 1.7 15.3 2131 1.3 720 0.06 1.20 252 80 1.14 200 96.5 5 179 0.035 58.7 0.014

-583 2598 52 0.015 0.023 1.8 17.6 1385 1.3 649 0.06 1.20 280 69 1.13 199 81 9 162 0.036 53.8 0.016

-647 2662 53 0.039 0.023 1.9 17.3 1480 1.3 676 0.06 1.25 289 77 1.15 243 88.1 6 168 0.034 54.0 0.015

-712 2727 54 0.024 0.017 1.7 17.3 1291 1.3 687 0.06 1.22 269 75 1.14 249 81.5 5 162 0.033 54.4 0.015

-776 2791 55 0.033 0.026 1.7 17.7 1288 1.3 719 0.07 1.19 294 71 1.17 292 79.6 6 182 0.043 12.1 5.6 11.9 0.063 53.4 0.017

-842 2857 56 0.027 0.017 1.8 16.5 1464 1.3 763 0.06 1.31 284 84 1.24 241 81 6 197 0.035 55.9 0.015

-907 2922 57 0.014 0.023 1.8 16.0 1422 1.3 689 0.06 1.31 265 83 1.22 190 77 6 213 0.033 57.0 0.015

-973 2988 58 0.022 0.018 1.7 16.8 1296 1.2 619 0.06 1.27 276 79 1.19 214 89.3 6 186 0.034 55.4 0.015

-1040 3055 59 0.02 0.023 1.9 16.2 1385 1.2 603 0.06 1.29 280 83 1.09 257 84.2 3 173 0.032 56.5 0.013

-1106 3121 60 0.028 0.025 2.0 14.5 1440 1.2 608 0.06 1.31 303 82 1.07 306 84.7 6 149 0.031 59.9 0.013

-1173 3188 61 0.026 0.024 1.9 17.7 1308 1.2 556 0.07 1.22 277 76 1.08 337 89.9 7 136 0.035 53.5 0.014

-1240 3255 62 0.029 0.015 1.7 18.3 1282 1.1 549 0.06 1.13 262 79 0.98 395 94.9 9 133 0.036 53.0 0.012

-1307 3322 63 0.031 0.017 1.8 16.1 1266 1.1 580 0.07 1.18 317 78 0.97 442 99.7 5 157 0.037 57.5 0.012

-1375 3390 64 0.035 0.022 1.9 14.6 1415 1.3 658 0.07 1.23 324 80 1.14 303 85.7 7 177 0.037 59.7 0.014

-1442 3457 65 0.03 0.022 2.0 14.0 1367 1.4 624 0.07 1.30 342 87 1.25 240 82 7 180 0.036 60.6 0.014

-1510 3525 66 0.029 0.026 1.8 15.1 1377 1.4 621 0.07 1.26 308 84 1.20 234 75.2 6 201 0.039 58.9 0.014

-1577 3592 67 0.038 0.023 1.7 14.8 1254 1.3 609 0.08 1.23 338 82 1.17 251 87.8 9 222 0.044 59.6 0.014

-1645 3660 68 0.028 0.023 1.8 14.4 1329 1.3 618 0.07 1.31 343 86 1.18 252 77.3 7 237 0.035 60.3 0.014

-1712 3727 69 0.03 0.022 2.0 14.6 1287 1.3 588 0.06 1.34 330 92 1.21 319 95.5 7 236 0.031 59.3 0.013

-1779 3794 70 0.038 0.019 2.0 14.5 1277 1.2 562 0.06 1.28 294 84 1.11 319 85.7 7 202 0.032 60.0 0.013

-1847 3862 71 0.024 0.024 1.8 15.8 1196 1.3 567 0.06 1.25 310 86 1.22 307 86.8 8 171 0.035 57.3 0.014

-1914 3929 72 0.038 0.022 2.0 13.6 5113 1.5 554 0.06 1.86 299 95 1.41 583 84.9 10 231 0.031 10.4 3.2 13.5 0.058 59.4 0.015

-1980 3995 73 0.034 0.025 2.1 13.5 2904 1.3 609 0.07 1.55 348 92 1.17 422 73.9 7 207 0.033 60.9 0.013

-2047 4062 74 0.027 0.019 1.9 14.3 1310 1.2 599 0.07 1.29 328 78 1.10 382 96.3 8 172 0.034 60.4 0.014

-2113 4128 75 0.023 0.019 1.9 13.8 1286 1.5 624 0.06 1.30 312 88 1.28 299 91.3 6 184 0.031 61.2 0.015

-2179 4194 76 0.025 0.015 1.8 13.4 1159 1.3 605 0.06 1.29 302 79 1.22 223 84 7 179 0.033 62.5 0.015

-2245 4260 77 0.019 0.017 1.9 14.9 1195 1.2 615 0.07 1.27 337 85 1.18 224 86.3 7 187 0.034 59.2 0.014

-2311 4326 78 0.027 0.02 1.8 15.8 1145 1.2 596 0.07 1.24 365 81 1.10 240 73.4 5 174 0.038 57.6 0.014

-2376 4391 79 0.025 0.016 1.9 15.6 1313 1.3 606 0.06 1.28 331 84 1.25 227 72.8 6 152 0.032 57.4 0.015

-2441 4456 80 0.022 0.024 2.2 13.9 1726 1.4 649 0.06 1.34 325 86 1.22 321 75.6 5 163 0.029 60.3 0.014

-2506 4521 81 0.025 0.014 2.2 13.4 1436 1.4 625 0.06 1.35 284 82 1.27 246 73.9 8 178 0.026 61.6 0.016

-2571 4586 82 0.025 0.021 2.1 14.0 1418 1.5 691 0.06 1.37 284 79 1.44 183 72.6 6 200 0.029 59.8 0.018

-2635 4650 83 0.034 0.028 2.3 12.4 1485 1.5 613 0.07 1.41 326 88 1.43 226 93.1 7 213 0.031 62.9 0.016

-2699 4714 84 0.02 0.02 2.2 13.0 1327 1.5 591 0.07 1.35 340 88 1.30 264 88.9 7 210 0.031 62.1 0.015

-2763 4778 85 0.017 0.021 2.2 13.5 1359 1.4 682 0.07 1.42 321 89 1.30 235 78.8 9 231 0.031 61.1 0.015

-2827 4842 86 0.023 0.022 2.3 12.5 1318 1.4 650 0.07 1.45 344 93 1.40 234 88 9 232 0.028 62.7 0.015

-2891 4906 87 0.046 0.023 2.3 13.5 1325 1.4 683 0.07 1.44 423 106 1.39 244 92.9 10 208 0.031 10.3 3.3 14.3 0.048 60.6 0.013

-2954 4969 88 0.017 0.025 2.5 13.4 1421 1.4 647 0.05 1.52 327 96 1.44 231 97.9 7 202 0.021 60.4 0.015

-3017 5032 89 0.027 0.024 2.6 13.0 1462 1.7 650 0.06 1.52 359 97 1.57 266 92.9 10 186 0.022 60.6 0.016

-3079 5094 90 0.03 0.014 2.5 14.5 1382 1.3 591 0.05 1.42 296 86 1.24 316 99.1 8 163 0.020 58.6 0.014

-3142 5157 91 0.029 0.02 2.5 13.4 1496 1.3 631 0.05 1.43 317 90 1.26 372 89.3 7 180 0.021 60.8 0.014

-3204 5219 92 0.025 0.018 2.3 13.8 1344 1.2 728 0.06 1.35 304 87 1.05 350 92.3 7 153 0.025 61.0 0.012

-3266 5281 93 0.027 0.018 2.1 14.6 1290 1.2 716 0.05 1.34 307 86 1.00 398 102.3 8 139 0.024 59.7 0.012

-3327 5342 94 0.02 0.02 2.1 13.5 1404 1.2 737 0.06 1.33 312 85 1.00 341 101.2 7 158 0.028 61.9 0.012

-3389 5404 95 0.027 0.015 2.0 13.6 1310 1.5 791 0.06 1.24 277 83 1.22 327 112.5 8 165 0.028 61.5 0.015

-3450 5465 96 0.019 0.016 2.2 13.3 1374 1.2 743 0.05 1.32 299 88 1.05 364 104.6 8 137 0.025 62.3 0.012

-3511 5526 97 0.034 0.019 2.1 14.2 1242 1.2 674 0.06 1.25 259 85 1.05 420 101.4 5 145 0.027 60.4 0.012

-3571 5586 98 0.016 0.02 2.5 13.0 1408 1.1 592 0.05 1.33 257 89 1.08 297 102.6 9 148 0.022 62.4 0.012

-3631 5646 99 0.029 0.017 2.8 12.5 1764 1.2 643 0.05 1.41 244 87 1.12 342 91.6 7 175 0.018 62.5 0.013

-3691 5706 100 0.031 0.021 2.7 12.2 1501 1.1 663 0.06 1.35 284 88 1.03 305 88.9 7 191 0.023 63.4 0.012

-3751 5766 101 0.027 0.023 2.6 12.6 1419 1.1 656 0.06 1.33 279 88 1.04 248 84.8 8 184 0.023 63.1 0.012

-3811 5826 102 0.035 0.026 2.6 12.1 1899 1.1 659 0.07 1.43 305 92 1.07 388 95.2 11 210 0.028 9.2 2.9 12.9 0.050 63.7 0.012

-3870 5885 103 0.025 0.025 2.4 12.2 1376 1.1 643 0.07 1.32 304 84 1.03 423 101.4 9 195 0.028 64.1 0.012

-3929 5944 104 0.033 0.023 2.6 13.3 1456 1.2 631 0.06 1.30 258 82 1.05 448 102.7 10 159 0.023 61.4 0.013

-3987 6002 105 0.024 0.022 3.0 11.8 1649 1.2 518 0.06 1.39 256 90 1.10 425 100.6 9 161 0.021 63.6 0.012

-4045 6060 106 0.033 0.018 2.8 12.6 1613 1.2 587 0.07 1.34 257 89 1.09 480 92.2 9 168 0.023 62.3 0.012

-4103 6118 107 0.036 0.03 2.8 10.9 1621 1.2 571 0.08 1.35 285 92 1.15 470 101.5 10 194 0.027 65.9 0.012

-4218 6233 109 0.029 0.023 2.8 12.3 1668 1.2 584 0.06 1.36 267 89 1.08 448 83.1 10 145 0.023 63.1 0.012

-4276 6291 110 0.033 0.023 2.7 12.1 1543 1.2 635 0.07 1.34 282 94 1.00 576 98.9 9 170 0.025 63.8 0.011

-4332 6347 111 0.039 0.031 2.9 11.6 1690 1.3 630 0.07 1.37 283 90 1.11 519 106.1 8 165 0.025 64.2 0.012

-4389 6404 112 0.04 0.027 3.0 10.1 1830 1.6 640 0.07 1.36 279 90 1.29 515 103.2 8 182 0.023 66.4 0.014

-4445 6460 113 0.039 0.029 2.8 11.6 1665 1.6 573 0.08 1.34 290 90 1.30 568 97.7 8 195 0.027 9.1 2.5 12.9 0.050 63.7 0.014

-4501 6516 114 0.042 0.028 3.1 11.1 1878 1.4 573 0.07 1.41 267 94 1.18 649 103.8 11 206 0.023 64.3 0.013

-4556 6571 115 0.038 0.028 3.1 12.4 1735 1.5 555 0.07 1.41 277 93 1.35 669 102.9 10 214 0.024 61.3 0.014

-4612 6627 116 0.029 0.028 3.4 10.6 1890 1.2 575 0.08 1.41 286 96 1.21 593 96.5 11 237 0.023 65.1 0.013

-4667 6682 117 0.037 0.032 3.1 10.5 1925 1.2 608 0.09 1.38 320 97 1.16 560 96.5 14 262 0.029 66.0 0.012

-4721 6736 118 0.038 0.034 3.1 10.5 2599 1.2 592 0.10 1.51 324 103 1.24 620 97.1 15 249 0.033 65.5 0.012

-4775 6790 119 0.037 0.037 2.9 11.1 1771 1.2 603 0.09 1.31 308 90 1.11 581 100.4 10 242 0.032 65.5 0.012

-4829 6844 120 0.023 0.026 3.2 10.2 1900 1.2 641 0.08 1.38 278 94 1.15 469 94.6 9 223 0.023 66.4 0.012

-4883 6898 121 0.031 0.031 3.1 10.1 1796 1.2 619 0.08 1.32 299 92 1.13 498 89.6 10 236 0.025 67.0 0.012

-4936 6951 122 0.039 0.034 3.1 11.5 1836 1.3 617 0.10 1.35 390 97 1.21 598 111 15 258 0.031 9.0 2.5 12.9 0.058 63.7 0.012

-4989 7004 123 0.043 0.046 3.2 10.2 1716 1.4 610 0.12 1.35 471 96 1.30 564 92.7 12 296 0.039 66.1 0.014

-5042 7057 124 0.04 0.039 3.2 10.7 1788 1.5 578 0.11 1.32 333 89 1.32 666 97.9 15 292 0.034 64.8 0.015

-5094 7109 125 0.05 0.047 3.4 11.5 2389 1.3 663 0.13 1.40 351 101 1.23 660 97.6 14 308 0.039 62.9 0.012

-5147 7162 126 0.049 0.028 2.7 13.6 2315 1.2 655 0.10 1.34 270 96 1.03 729 93.2 7 247 0.035 60.2 0.011

-5198 7213 127 0.034 0.027 2.6 14.4 1795 1.3 651 0.09 1.22 264 89 1.15 831 92.2 9 224 0.033 9.8 4.7 11.4 0.066 58.8 0.013

-5250 7265 128 0.035 0.012 1.8 20.8 1211 1.1 522 0.07 1.00 229 71 1.00 928 83.1 5 198 0.041 47.4 0.014

-5301 7316 129 0.032 0.007 1.4 24.8 962 1.5 407 0.06 0.85 185 64 1.49 918 70.3 6 162 0.043 38.7 0.023

-5351 7366 130 0.04 0.01 1.4 28.5 852 1.2 361 0.06 0.77 151 54 1.09 933 57.5 5 141 0.044 11.0 17.5 8.6 0.092 32.0 0.020

-5402 7417 131 0.03 0.004 1.3 29.4 821 0.9 352 0.06 0.73 155 53 0.81 752 57.4 4 124 0.045 31.2 0.015

-5451 7466 132 0.027 0.007 1.3 30.0 770 0.8 311 0.06 0.70 138 51 0.74 629 54.5 3 121 0.044 12.2 17.8 7.8 0.092 30.1 0.015

-5501 7516 133 0.022 0.005 1.3 30.2 765 0.8 320 0.06 0.71 145 54 0.73 525 53.6 5 113 0.043 29.6 0.014

-5550 7565 134 0.036 0.009 1.5 28.7 934 0.9 311 0.05 0.80 155 56 0.85 1009 50.7 4 139 0.036 31.9 0.015

-5599 7614 135 0.031 0.003 1.4 29.6 830 0.8 299 0.06 0.70 141 48 0.79 771 50.5 5 119 0.040 30.6 0.016

-5648 7663 136 0.04 0.007 1.5 30.0 824 0.8 298 0.06 0.73 145 52 0.75 715 48.1 5 121 0.040 29.6 0.015

-5696 7711 137 0.032 0.007 1.4 29.3 866 0.8 320 0.06 0.71 135 49 0.71 647 46.5 5 116 0.040 31.3 0.015

-5744 7759 138 0.024 0.009 1.5 30.0 888 0.9 315 0.06 0.70 148 47 0.79 598 49.8 3 115 0.041 10.0 20.0 8.3 0.089 29.5 0.017

-5792 7807 139 0.034 0.009 1.5 29.7 915 0.9 300 0.06 0.71 151 47 0.81 570 46.4 3 114 0.041 30.1 0.017

-5840 7855 140 0.034 0.01 1.6 29.5 967 0.9 330 0.06 0.74 155 52 0.88 579 47.3 4 120 0.038 30.1 0.017

-5887 7902 141 0.036 0.008 1.6 28.4 1114 1.0 319 0.06 0.76 139 55 0.88 595 47.1 4 115 0.035 32.3 0.016

-5934 7949 142 0.023 0.009 1.7 27.8 1273 1.2 304 0.06 0.80 138 54 1.08 611 49.4 2 114 0.033 10.7 17.2 9.4 0.070 32.8 0.020

-5980 7995 143 0.042 0.008 1.8 27.2 1120 1.2 330 0.06 0.80 151 56 1.01 599 50.3 5 122 0.031 34.1 0.018

-6026 8041 144 0.036 0.007 2.0 25.4 1166 1.1 292 0.05 0.84 138 47 0.91 651 51.5 4 104 0.028 37.8 0.019

-6072 8087 145 0.033 0.01 2.1 24.3 1232 1.1 301 0.06 0.83 132 52 0.91 578 48.1 4 106 0.027 39.9 0.017

-6118 8133 146 0.031 0.01 2.2 24.0 1244 1.2 293 0.06 0.84 127 53 1.00 567 51.9 3 102 0.025 9.6 14.4 9.1 0.067 40.2 0.019

-6163 8178 147 0.023 0.008 2.1 24.0 1226 1.1 282 0.05 0.82 137 50 0.90 582 48.4 3 110 0.026 40.6 0.018

-6209 8224 148 0.036 0.012 2.2 25.4 1255 1.2 257 0.05 0.85 136 48 0.98 612 46.4 5 115 0.025 12.8 13.3 9.0 0.064 37.2 0.020

-6253 8268 149 0.034 0.004 2.1 24.7 1199 1.1 264 0.05 0.82 127 48 0.85 598 43.5 4 109 0.026 39.3 0.018

-6298 8313 150 0.037 0.01 2.1 25.8 1204 1.0 271 0.06 0.82 136 46 0.82 607 43.3 4 110 0.027 36.9 0.018

-6342 8357 151 0.034 0.01 2.1 26.1 1259 1.0 283 0.06 0.80 141 47 0.79 657 44.4 6 117 0.028 36.4 0.017

-6387 8402 152 0.036 0.013 2.0 26.1 1181 1.0 283 0.06 0.80 144 49 0.79 633 43.4 2 122 0.029 36.5 0.016

-6430 8445 153 0.033 0.012 2.0 26.4 1178 1.0 275 0.06 0.78 143 49 0.78 589 45.2 5 124 0.031 36.1 0.016

-6474 8489 154 0.032 0.013 1.9 25.7 1195 1.1 286 0.06 0.84 147 50 0.83 637 43.6 4 132 0.032 37.3 0.017

-6517 8532 155 0.031 0.006 1.9 25.5 1160 1.0 267 0.06 0.79 143 55 0.81 627 45 5 114 0.033 38.0 0.015

-6560 8575 156 0.041 0.011 1.9 25.1 1162 1.1 267 0.06 0.81 144 45 0.79 590 44.8 4 108 0.030 38.9 0.017

-6603 8618 157 0.033 0.006 1.9 24.9 1230 1.0 275 0.06 0.82 141 50 0.76 557 43 4 98 0.030 39.2 0.015

-6646 8661 158 0.033 0.007 2.0 24.5 1217 1.1 256 0.05 0.82 140 44 0.83 534 39.2 4 92 0.027 39.8 0.019

-6689 8704 159 0.03 0.009 2.1 24.4 1282 1.1 264 0.06 0.80 135 42 0.74 469 40.1 4 89 0.027 9.0 15.4 8.7 0.057 40.1 0.018

-6731 8746 160 0.028 0.012 2.0 26.4 1251 1.0 294 0.06 0.79 148 48 0.73 608 43.1 4 110 0.031 35.9 0.015

-6773 8788 161 0.028 0.009 1.9 27.7 1184 1.0 281 0.06 0.74 150 50 0.69 591 40.6 4 111 0.033 33.6 0.014

-6815 8830 162 0.031 0.01 1.7 27.4 1080 1.0 274 0.06 0.72 132 47 0.71 596 44 5 108 0.036 34.7 0.015

-6856 8871 164 0.038 0.005 1.6 26.8 1056 1.1 289 0.05 0.73 129 48 0.69 699 42.8 3 103 0.033 8.3 18.5 8.3 0.060 35.9 0.014

-6939 8954 165 0.024 0.002 1.7 23.4 1122 1.2 287 0.05 0.84 133 48 0.68 583 38.4 4 89 0.028 42.8 0.014

-6980 8995 166 0.038 0.005 1.8 23.9 1114 1.2 268 0.05 0.89 137 44 0.64 649 38.2 5 84 0.028 41.6 0.015

-7021 9036 167 0.037 0.004 1.8 22.9 1166 1.3 309 0.05 0.91 127 38 0.69 647 35.6 5 81 0.029 43.5 0.018

-7061 9076 168 0.037 0.003 1.8 22.9 1189 1.4 263 0.05 0.88 121 49 0.84 629 34.5 3 81 0.029 43.4 0.017

-7102 9117 169 0.042 0.01 1.8 23.3 1231 1.3 284 0.06 0.82 131 45 0.87 717 40.2 3 89 0.034 42.4 0.019

-7142 9157 171 0.041 0.011 1.8 22.5 1252 1.4 305 0.06 0.80 136 49 0.96 695 40.9 4 89 0.034 9.3 13.2 9.1 0.060 43.9 0.020

-7222 9237 172 0.049 0.013 1.6 24.6 1129 1.3 330 0.07 0.82 136 54 0.78 715 36.9 4 91 0.040 40.2 0.014

-7262 9277 173 0.054 0.013 1.5 24.3 1036 1.3 324 0.07 0.83 138 52 0.73 720 36.5 4 100 0.044 41.2 0.014

-7301 9316 174 0.041 0.014 1.4 24.3 1096 1.4 320 0.07 0.87 152 47 0.80 878 36.6 3 105 0.049 40.8 0.017

-7341 9356 175 0.044 0.011 1.3 24.7 998 1.5 301 0.07 0.81 151 45 0.94 728 34.9 5 97 0.053 40.1 0.021

-7380 9395 176 0.034 0.009 1.2 25.6 1005 1.3 288 0.07 0.77 146 38 0.72 548 35.6 3 92 0.059 38.9 0.019

-7419 9434 177 0.037 0.008 1.3 26.7 962 1.2 272 0.08 0.76 144 44 0.67 579 36.9 1 95 0.060 36.7 0.015

-7458 9473 178 0.036 0.009 1.2 27.4 865 1.1 284 0.08 0.73 148 42 0.59 633 30.9 5 99 0.063 35.7 0.014

-7497 9512 179 0.03 0.011 1.2 29.0 819 1.0 279 0.07 0.69 149 41 0.55 602 32.4 2 94 0.064 32.5 0.014

-7536 9551 180 0.044 0.011 1.1 28.9 757 1.0 283 0.07 0.70 142 45 0.53 535 31 4 92 0.065 32.7 0.012

-7575 9590 181 0.045 0.014 1.1 29.4 696 1.1 263 0.07 0.69 154 42 0.59 515 31.8 3 83 0.064 9.2 20.2 5.9 0.056 31.4 0.014

-7613 9628 182 0.04 0.017 1.0 31.7 551 0.9 280 0.09 0.57 153 40 0.49 569 27 3 82 0.089 27.4 0.012

-7652 9667 183 0.034 0.017 0.9 32.2 456 0.9 305 0.10 0.56 175 39 0.50 602 27.2 5 85 0.109 26.4 0.013

-7690 9705 184 0.056 0.021 0.8 32.0 390 0.9 340 0.11 0.51 181 42 0.56 669 27.6 5 79 0.130 27.1 0.013

-7728 9743 185 0.057 0.017 0.8 33.1 255 0.9 276 0.11 0.47 174 45 0.54 654 24.3 5 79 0.139 25.0 0.012

-7766 9781 186 0.05 0.021 0.7 34.2 259 0.9 296 0.11 0.48 175 39 0.56 753 24.3 4 84 0.143 11.4 22.8 5.6 0.041 22.5 0.014

-7804 9819 187 0.051 0.022 0.9 31.7 245 0.9 267 0.13 0.46 226 39 0.57 678 22.6 5 87 0.149 27.6 0.015

-7842 9857 188 0.063 0.038 1.0 32.0 249 1.0 254 0.16 0.49 249 44 0.72 616 22.1 6 89 0.157 26.4 0.016

-7880 9895 189 0.072 0.033 0.9 32.3 268 1.1 229 0.14 0.50 254 45 0.76 684 22.1 6 87 0.161 25.9 0.017

-7917 9932 190 0.071 0.039 1.0 32.3 234 1.1 245 0.16 0.49 268 50 0.90 641 23.5 7 92 0.166 25.4 0.018

-7955 9970 191 0.068 0.034 1.0 32.9 217 1.1 230 0.17 0.46 291 53 0.91 732 21.3 6 108 0.178 24.1 0.017

-7993 10008 192 0.083 0.052 1.2 32.5 231 1.1 247 0.21 0.51 345 51 0.87 836 23.1 8 107 0.184 24.4 0.017

-8030 10045 193 0.086 0.065 1.2 30.5 243 1.1 257 0.23 0.52 414 67 0.94 840 22.6 9 113 0.191 28.4 0.014

-8067 10082 194 0.075 0.061 1.1 30.6 198 1.1 215 0.23 0.50 377 57 0.89 706 21.7 7 101 0.204 28.5 0.016

-8105 10120 195 0.098 0.067 1.2 29.7 230 1.2 205 0.27 0.55 440 69 0.99 749 25.5 7 104 0.221 29.9 0.014

-8142 10157 196 0.113 0.067 1.2 28.8 281 1.4 230 0.28 0.60 485 73 1.21 877 33.1 8 113 0.235 31.1 0.017

-8179 10194 197 0.104 0.073 1.2 30.1 261 1.2 227 0.31 0.58 540 75 0.93 726 33.5 10 105 0.261 12.6 17.6 4.3 0.041 29.0 0.012

-8216 10231 198 0.124 0.085 1.4 26.4 246 1.1 214 0.42 0.60 632 85 0.94 694 32.4 11 118 0.300 36.5 0.011

-8253 10268 199 0.182 0.107 1.6 25.5 310 1.2 237 0.56 0.66 942 106 1.01 675 34.2 11 115 0.342 37.3 0.010

-8290 10305 200 0.245 0.108 1.7 23.9 362 1.2 191 0.66 0.67 1111 115 0.98 757 32.2 13 116 0.378 15.1 8.8 4.5 0.052 40.2 0.009

-8327 10342 201 0.258 0.117 1.8 24.3 386 1.3 207 0.67 0.68 1119 108 1.13 948 36.1 12 124 0.383 39.0 0.010

-8364 10379 202 0.274 0.119 1.8 25.2 344 1.2 162 0.76 0.63 1304 120 1.13 592 29.2 13 107 0.422 37.1 0.009

-8401 10416 203 0.304 0.139 1.9 25.6 316 1.1 151 0.83 0.61 1396 128 1.17 551 27.2 13 105 0.429 35.9 0.009

-8438 10453 204 0.371 0.163 2.2 26.2 312 1.0 133 0.98 0.60 1591 143 1.19 478 22.7 16 97 0.450 33.9 0.008

-8475 10490 205 0.401 0.184 2.3 26.8 332 0.9 125 1.04 0.58 1590 146 1.26 351 23 14 85 0.460 32.3 0.009

-8511 10526 206 0.228 0.155 1.8 26.8 366 1.1 171 0.73 0.60 1282 128 1.26 469 26.8 14 116 0.413 33.7 0.010

-8548 10563 207 0.241 0.142 1.7 27.4 271 1.3 184 0.71 0.58 1433 119 1.41 467 27.9 15 109 0.422 32.2 0.012

-8585 10600 208 0.384 0.158 2.0 27.7 134 0.8 78 0.99 0.46 1401 116 1.18 288 22.3 16 65 0.506 31.5 0.010

-8622 10637 209 0.367 0.201 2.3 28.5 193 0.6 91 1.13 0.48 1606 142 1.04 220 17.4 13 41 0.496 17.5 11.1 3.8 0.027 29.3 0.007

Attachment 2 continued. Holtjärnen data set Part 3


2015 0 1 0.126 0.07 1.5 16.7 1423 1.3 973 0.17 1.03 414 50 0.95 155 55.7 32 420 0.114 56.3 0.019

2010 5.5 1.5 0.069 0.051 1.4 16.6 1134 1.3 570 0.13 0.95 411 39 0.99 140 60.8 38 407 0.091 56.9 0.025

2004 11 2 0.054 0.049 1.5 17.8 1179 1.4 486 0.13 0.98 441 45 1.03 166 71.4 50 433 0.085 53.8 0.023

1999 17 2.5 0.081 0.048 1.6 19.4 983 1.5 692 0.13 0.92 431 45 0.99 205 67.1 57 457 0.085 50.6 0.022

1993 22 3 0.055 0.038 1.4 21.0 855 2.3 426 0.13 0.80 415 41 1.38 199 57.1 69 422 0.092 46.3 0.034

1987 29 3.5 0.05 0.038 1.4 22.7 671 3.0 360 0.13 0.79 403 36 1.70 195 52.6 76 394 0.093 7.0 15.6 8.0 0.056 41.8 0.047

1980 35 4 0.041 0.034 1.4 22.8 617 4.0 369 0.11 0.74 375 40 2.25 202 52.4 79 374 0.081 39.8 0.056

1973 43 4.5 0.034 0.025 1.3 21.5 656 3.7 377 0.12 0.60 406 32 3.04 185 60.8 89 389 0.093 42.0 0.095

1965 50 5 0.054 0.031 1.7 18.7 699 4.7 396 0.11 0.79 403 35 3.19 265 62.7 100 403 0.068 45.8 0.091

1956 60 5.5 0.056 0.043 1.9 17.1 857 4.7 458 0.13 0.84 481 37 3.43 312 72.4 115 430 0.069 48.5 0.093

1946 69 6 0.062 0.046 2.1 15.3 1017 3.7 498 0.13 0.94 486 45 2.84 425 72.6 116 360 0.063 53.5 0.063

1922 93 7 0.047 0.04 2.1 14.5 1081 2.6 470 0.12 1.05 504 41 1.80 302 80.7 124 288 0.057 9.1 5.4 9.9 0.066 57.4 0.044

1893 122 8 0.049 0.049 2.2 14.7 1807 1.8 538 0.12 1.18 502 50 1.23 330 86.9 139 286 0.051 58.0 0.025

1857 158 9 0.06 0.04 2.2 15.7 1346 1.4 554 0.12 1.07 527 52 1.00 365 84.3 130 277 0.055 10.3 5.3 9.2 0.077 57.2 0.019

1816 199 10 0.044 0.031 2.1 17.1 1244 1.1 518 0.11 0.98 528 51 0.85 476 78.1 112 261 0.054 55.1 0.017

1770 245 11 0.041 0.028 1.9 18.4 1265 1.0 473 0.11 0.90 536 45 0.77 571 74.4 99 187 0.057 50.4 0.017

1719 296 12 0.044 0.024 1.7 19.8 1194 1.0 429 0.10 0.83 508 47 0.70 528 75.7 99 221 0.059 9.6 8.7 7.6 0.104 52.9 0.015

1664 351 13 0.038 0.022 1.7 20.2 1241 1.0 440 0.10 0.80 509 47 0.68 493 72.2 90 181 0.060 11.5 8.7 7.2 0.104 49.8 0.015

1606 409 14 0.036 0.023 1.6 21.1 1389 1.0 467 0.10 0.81 506 50 0.71 466 78.3 86 173 0.063 47.9 0.014

1546 469 15 0.041 0.025 1.6 19.5 1260 1.1 484 0.10 0.80 499 48 0.75 477 82.2 78 169 0.066 11.1 8.4 7.7 0.096 51.2 0.016

1483 532 16 0.047 0.024 1.5 18.9 1274 1.1 486 0.10 0.78 480 50 0.74 392 79.9 71 162 0.066 52.7 0.015

1451 564 16 0.034 0.014 1.4 18.9 1255 1.2 492 0.09 0.74 431 45 0.92 389 77.6 66 159 0.060 54.1 0.020

1419 596 17 0.029 0.021 1.4 18.4 1206 1.1 473 0.09 0.78 459 49 0.77 406 81.7 70 141 0.065 11.3 7.1 7.7 0.091 52.7 0.016

1387 628 17 0.039 0.021 1.4 18.9 1209 1.1 485 0.09 0.79 417 50 0.85 426 85.8 61 138 0.062 10.1 8.8 8.3 0.088 53.0 0.017

1355 660 18 0.034 0.011 1.3 18.2 1240 1.1 540 0.08 0.78 378 45 0.80 427 82 46 126 0.060 54.7 0.018

1290 725 19 0.027 0.012 1.2 16.1 1217 1.1 569 0.07 0.76 315 46 0.77 488 87.6 42 118 0.058 9.9 6.3 8.9 0.088 59.3 0.017

1226 789 20 0.028 0.015 1.3 15.1 1435 1.1 676 0.07 0.87 279 51 0.71 480 78 25 102 0.052 61.2 0.014

1163 852 21 0.029 0.01 1.3 14.8 1522 1.1 700 0.06 0.94 257 52 0.69 442 99 20 109 0.046 9.2 5.5 9.9 0.089 61.9 0.013

1101 914 22 0.034 0.017 1.4 15.0 1676 1.2 732 0.07 0.99 291 55 0.71 369 91.9 18 107 0.048 61.0 0.013

1039 976 23 0.03 0.022 1.4 14.3 1705 1.2 789 0.06 0.99 292 63 0.72 324 87.3 9 103 0.045 10.2 4.1 9.6 0.102 62.5 0.011

979 1036 24 0.033 0.021 1.4 12.9 1736 1.2 803 0.07 1.01 303 56 0.76 306 95.8 7 108 0.047 65.2 0.014

921 1094 25 0.028 0.022 1.4 13.6 1667 1.2 776 0.07 1.00 304 56 0.74 294 94.9 7 121 0.052 9.9 3.7 9.8 0.111 63.9 0.013

863 1152 26 0.028 0.023 1.4 12.8 1755 1.2 863 0.07 1.01 306 57 0.74 283 85.1 6 123 0.053 65.4 0.013

808 1207 27 0.026 0.018 1.4 12.7 1800 1.2 882 0.06 0.99 340 55 0.73 281 103.5 7 116 0.044 9.9 2.9 9.2 0.120 65.8 0.013

647 1368 30 0.021 0.007 1.2 14.3 1615 1.1 687 0.05 0.95 233 54 0.70 247 95.2 5 115 0.040 63.0 0.013

594 1421 31 0.032 0.007 1.1 14.1 1411 1.1 635 0.05 0.97 200 56 0.72 241 84.6 5 101 0.041 8.5 5.5 10.9 0.100 63.6 0.013

543 1472 32 0.027 0.006 1.2 14.7 1719 1.1 660 0.05 1.06 199 63 0.73 278 83.6 6 109 0.041 62.0 0.012

492 1523 33 0.026 0.012 1.2 14.5 1563 1.1 691 0.06 1.02 213 60 0.76 287 95.1 6 109 0.047 9.6 4.9 10.5 0.091 62.4 0.013

441 1574 34 0.023 0.012 1.2 14.0 1543 1.1 746 0.06 1.02 234 67 0.77 283 99 9 119 0.046 63.3 0.012

389 1626 35 0.027 0.013 1.3 13.4 1483 1.2 811 0.06 1.04 237 62 0.79 314 100.2 9 125 0.044 8.4 5.1 11.0 0.089 64.4 0.013

338 1677 36 0.027 0.014 1.2 14.3 1483 1.1 745 0.05 1.03 216 60 0.80 314 102.2 10 135 0.042 62.8 0.013

287 1728 37 0.026 0.016 1.3 13.3 1632 1.2 882 0.06 1.05 226 66 0.80 274 106.7 8 128 0.041 10.1 3.2 10.7 0.099 64.5 0.012

235 1780 38 0.018 0.016 1.3 14.3 1432 1.1 751 0.06 1.03 237 61 0.78 218 89.2 10 120 0.045 62.7 0.013

182 1833 39 0.023 0.011 1.3 14.6 1440 1.2 664 0.05 1.07 214 60 0.90 238 98.9 13 109 0.039 9.9 4.7 11.5 0.091 61.7 0.015

128 1887 40 0.021 0.017 1.4 13.3 1674 1.4 703 0.06 1.06 246 68 0.99 264 115.5 17 127 0.041 64.0 0.015

74 1941 41 0.033 0.013 1.4 13.0 1707 1.5 709 0.05 1.13 239 67 1.14 263 106.4 13 138 0.038 10.3 2.6 11.2 0.083 64.2 0.017

18 1997 42 0.023 0.011 1.4 13.2 1597 1.6 726 0.05 1.14 221 75 1.28 243 103.3 16 132 0.038 63.5 0.017

-39 2054 43 0.029 0.015 1.4 13.0 1608 1.8 766 0.06 1.10 233 69 1.48 210 91.6 9 145 0.040 8.9 4.1 12.9 0.084 63.4 0.022

-96 2111 44 0.018 0.014 1.4 13.0 1584 1.3 776 0.05 1.12 229 70 1.04 219 93.2 9 132 0.037 64.3 0.015

-154 2169 45 0.023 0.013 1.5 12.8 2324 1.5 838 0.05 1.24 231 70 1.24 291 113.9 10 149 0.036 8.5 4.3 11.5 0.100 63.9 0.018

-213 2228 46 0.017 0.012 1.4 14.6 1699 1.3 683 0.05 1.11 210 70 1.04 281 91.4 6 127 0.034 61.1 0.015

-273 2288 47 0.027 0.015 1.5 15.0 1611 1.3 639 0.06 1.11 266 70 1.08 294 110.1 7 145 0.041 10.9 4.1 11.2 0.080 60.1 0.015

-334 2349 48 0.018 0.016 1.5 15.0 1433 1.2 620 0.06 1.13 304 74 1.03 225 86.8 7 148 0.040 60.2 0.014

-395 2410 49 0.02 0.012 1.5 16.5 1313 1.2 592 0.06 1.13 298 71 1.02 236 99.9 5 146 0.038 10.9 5.5 11.4 0.071 57.0 0.014

-457 2472 50 0.02 0.015 1.4 16.6 1505 1.1 618 0.06 1.12 254 73 0.96 206 75.7 6 156 0.040 57.0 0.013

-520 2535 51 0.026 0.023 1.7 15.3 2131 1.3 720 0.06 1.20 252 80 1.14 200 96.5 5 179 0.035 58.7 0.014

-583 2598 52 0.015 0.023 1.8 17.6 1385 1.3 649 0.06 1.20 280 69 1.13 199 81 9 162 0.036 53.8 0.016

-647 2662 53 0.039 0.023 1.9 17.3 1480 1.3 676 0.06 1.25 289 77 1.15 243 88.1 6 168 0.034 54.0 0.015

-712 2727 54 0.024 0.017 1.7 17.3 1291 1.3 687 0.06 1.22 269 75 1.14 249 81.5 5 162 0.033 54.4 0.015

-776 2791 55 0.033 0.026 1.7 17.7 1288 1.3 719 0.07 1.19 294 71 1.17 292 79.6 6 182 0.043 12.1 5.6 11.9 0.063 53.4 0.017

-842 2857 56 0.027 0.017 1.8 16.5 1464 1.3 763 0.06 1.31 284 84 1.24 241 81 6 197 0.035 55.9 0.015

-907 2922 57 0.014 0.023 1.8 16.0 1422 1.3 689 0.06 1.31 265 83 1.22 190 77 6 213 0.033 57.0 0.015

-973 2988 58 0.022 0.018 1.7 16.8 1296 1.2 619 0.06 1.27 276 79 1.19 214 89.3 6 186 0.034 55.4 0.015

-1040 3055 59 0.02 0.023 1.9 16.2 1385 1.2 603 0.06 1.29 280 83 1.09 257 84.2 3 173 0.032 56.5 0.013

-1106 3121 60 0.028 0.025 2.0 14.5 1440 1.2 608 0.06 1.31 303 82 1.07 306 84.7 6 149 0.031 59.9 0.013

-1173 3188 61 0.026 0.024 1.9 17.7 1308 1.2 556 0.07 1.22 277 76 1.08 337 89.9 7 136 0.035 53.5 0.014

-1240 3255 62 0.029 0.015 1.7 18.3 1282 1.1 549 0.06 1.13 262 79 0.98 395 94.9 9 133 0.036 53.0 0.012

-1307 3322 63 0.031 0.017 1.8 16.1 1266 1.1 580 0.07 1.18 317 78 0.97 442 99.7 5 157 0.037 57.5 0.012

-1375 3390 64 0.035 0.022 1.9 14.6 1415 1.3 658 0.07 1.23 324 80 1.14 303 85.7 7 177 0.037 59.7 0.014

-1442 3457 65 0.03 0.022 2.0 14.0 1367 1.4 624 0.07 1.30 342 87 1.25 240 82 7 180 0.036 60.6 0.014

-1510 3525 66 0.029 0.026 1.8 15.1 1377 1.4 621 0.07 1.26 308 84 1.20 234 75.2 6 201 0.039 58.9 0.014

-1577 3592 67 0.038 0.023 1.7 14.8 1254 1.3 609 0.08 1.23 338 82 1.17 251 87.8 9 222 0.044 59.6 0.014

-1645 3660 68 0.028 0.023 1.8 14.4 1329 1.3 618 0.07 1.31 343 86 1.18 252 77.3 7 237 0.035 60.3 0.014

-1712 3727 69 0.03 0.022 2.0 14.6 1287 1.3 588 0.06 1.34 330 92 1.21 319 95.5 7 236 0.031 59.3 0.013

-1779 3794 70 0.038 0.019 2.0 14.5 1277 1.2 562 0.06 1.28 294 84 1.11 319 85.7 7 202 0.032 60.0 0.013

-1847 3862 71 0.024 0.024 1.8 15.8 1196 1.3 567 0.06 1.25 310 86 1.22 307 86.8 8 171 0.035 57.3 0.014

-1914 3929 72 0.038 0.022 2.0 13.6 5113 1.5 554 0.06 1.86 299 95 1.41 583 84.9 10 231 0.031 10.4 3.2 13.5 0.058 59.4 0.015

-1980 3995 73 0.034 0.025 2.1 13.5 2904 1.3 609 0.07 1.55 348 92 1.17 422 73.9 7 207 0.033 60.9 0.013

-2047 4062 74 0.027 0.019 1.9 14.3 1310 1.2 599 0.07 1.29 328 78 1.10 382 96.3 8 172 0.034 60.4 0.014

-2113 4128 75 0.023 0.019 1.9 13.8 1286 1.5 624 0.06 1.30 312 88 1.28 299 91.3 6 184 0.031 61.2 0.015

-2179 4194 76 0.025 0.015 1.8 13.4 1159 1.3 605 0.06 1.29 302 79 1.22 223 84 7 179 0.033 62.5 0.015

-2245 4260 77 0.019 0.017 1.9 14.9 1195 1.2 615 0.07 1.27 337 85 1.18 224 86.3 7 187 0.034 59.2 0.014

-2311 4326 78 0.027 0.02 1.8 15.8 1145 1.2 596 0.07 1.24 365 81 1.10 240 73.4 5 174 0.038 57.6 0.014

-2376 4391 79 0.025 0.016 1.9 15.6 1313 1.3 606 0.06 1.28 331 84 1.25 227 72.8 6 152 0.032 57.4 0.015

-2441 4456 80 0.022 0.024 2.2 13.9 1726 1.4 649 0.06 1.34 325 86 1.22 321 75.6 5 163 0.029 60.3 0.014

-2506 4521 81 0.025 0.014 2.2 13.4 1436 1.4 625 0.06 1.35 284 82 1.27 246 73.9 8 178 0.026 61.6 0.016

-2571 4586 82 0.025 0.021 2.1 14.0 1418 1.5 691 0.06 1.37 284 79 1.44 183 72.6 6 200 0.029 59.8 0.018

-2635 4650 83 0.034 0.028 2.3 12.4 1485 1.5 613 0.07 1.41 326 88 1.43 226 93.1 7 213 0.031 62.9 0.016

-2699 4714 84 0.02 0.02 2.2 13.0 1327 1.5 591 0.07 1.35 340 88 1.30 264 88.9 7 210 0.031 62.1 0.015

-2763 4778 85 0.017 0.021 2.2 13.5 1359 1.4 682 0.07 1.42 321 89 1.30 235 78.8 9 231 0.031 61.1 0.015

-2827 4842 86 0.023 0.022 2.3 12.5 1318 1.4 650 0.07 1.45 344 93 1.40 234 88 9 232 0.028 62.7 0.015

-2891 4906 87 0.046 0.023 2.3 13.5 1325 1.4 683 0.07 1.44 423 106 1.39 244 92.9 10 208 0.031 10.3 3.3 14.3 0.048 60.6 0.013

-2954 4969 88 0.017 0.025 2.5 13.4 1421 1.4 647 0.05 1.52 327 96 1.44 231 97.9 7 202 0.021 60.4 0.015

-3017 5032 89 0.027 0.024 2.6 13.0 1462 1.7 650 0.06 1.52 359 97 1.57 266 92.9 10 186 0.022 60.6 0.016

-3079 5094 90 0.03 0.014 2.5 14.5 1382 1.3 591 0.05 1.42 296 86 1.24 316 99.1 8 163 0.020 58.6 0.014

-3142 5157 91 0.029 0.02 2.5 13.4 1496 1.3 631 0.05 1.43 317 90 1.26 372 89.3 7 180 0.021 60.8 0.014

-3204 5219 92 0.025 0.018 2.3 13.8 1344 1.2 728 0.06 1.35 304 87 1.05 350 92.3 7 153 0.025 61.0 0.012

-3266 5281 93 0.027 0.018 2.1 14.6 1290 1.2 716 0.05 1.34 307 86 1.00 398 102.3 8 139 0.024 59.7 0.012

-3327 5342 94 0.02 0.02 2.1 13.5 1404 1.2 737 0.06 1.33 312 85 1.00 341 101.2 7 158 0.028 61.9 0.012

-3389 5404 95 0.027 0.015 2.0 13.6 1310 1.5 791 0.06 1.24 277 83 1.22 327 112.5 8 165 0.028 61.5 0.015

-3450 5465 96 0.019 0.016 2.2 13.3 1374 1.2 743 0.05 1.32 299 88 1.05 364 104.6 8 137 0.025 62.3 0.012

-3511 5526 97 0.034 0.019 2.1 14.2 1242 1.2 674 0.06 1.25 259 85 1.05 420 101.4 5 145 0.027 60.4 0.012

-3571 5586 98 0.016 0.02 2.5 13.0 1408 1.1 592 0.05 1.33 257 89 1.08 297 102.6 9 148 0.022 62.4 0.012

-3631 5646 99 0.029 0.017 2.8 12.5 1764 1.2 643 0.05 1.41 244 87 1.12 342 91.6 7 175 0.018 62.5 0.013

-3691 5706 100 0.031 0.021 2.7 12.2 1501 1.1 663 0.06 1.35 284 88 1.03 305 88.9 7 191 0.023 63.4 0.012

-3751 5766 101 0.027 0.023 2.6 12.6 1419 1.1 656 0.06 1.33 279 88 1.04 248 84.8 8 184 0.023 63.1 0.012

-3811 5826 102 0.035 0.026 2.6 12.1 1899 1.1 659 0.07 1.43 305 92 1.07 388 95.2 11 210 0.028 9.2 2.9 12.9 0.050 63.7 0.012

-3870 5885 103 0.025 0.025 2.4 12.2 1376 1.1 643 0.07 1.32 304 84 1.03 423 101.4 9 195 0.028 64.1 0.012

-3929 5944 104 0.033 0.023 2.6 13.3 1456 1.2 631 0.06 1.30 258 82 1.05 448 102.7 10 159 0.023 61.4 0.013

-3987 6002 105 0.024 0.022 3.0 11.8 1649 1.2 518 0.06 1.39 256 90 1.10 425 100.6 9 161 0.021 63.6 0.012

-4045 6060 106 0.033 0.018 2.8 12.6 1613 1.2 587 0.07 1.34 257 89 1.09 480 92.2 9 168 0.023 62.3 0.012

-4103 6118 107 0.036 0.03 2.8 10.9 1621 1.2 571 0.08 1.35 285 92 1.15 470 101.5 10 194 0.027 65.9 0.012

-4218 6233 109 0.029 0.023 2.8 12.3 1668 1.2 584 0.06 1.36 267 89 1.08 448 83.1 10 145 0.023 63.1 0.012

-4276 6291 110 0.033 0.023 2.7 12.1 1543 1.2 635 0.07 1.34 282 94 1.00 576 98.9 9 170 0.025 63.8 0.011

-4332 6347 111 0.039 0.031 2.9 11.6 1690 1.3 630 0.07 1.37 283 90 1.11 519 106.1 8 165 0.025 64.2 0.012

-4389 6404 112 0.04 0.027 3.0 10.1 1830 1.6 640 0.07 1.36 279 90 1.29 515 103.2 8 182 0.023 66.4 0.014

-4445 6460 113 0.039 0.029 2.8 11.6 1665 1.6 573 0.08 1.34 290 90 1.30 568 97.7 8 195 0.027 9.1 2.5 12.9 0.050 63.7 0.014

-4501 6516 114 0.042 0.028 3.1 11.1 1878 1.4 573 0.07 1.41 267 94 1.18 649 103.8 11 206 0.023 64.3 0.013

-4556 6571 115 0.038 0.028 3.1 12.4 1735 1.5 555 0.07 1.41 277 93 1.35 669 102.9 10 214 0.024 61.3 0.014

-4612 6627 116 0.029 0.028 3.4 10.6 1890 1.2 575 0.08 1.41 286 96 1.21 593 96.5 11 237 0.023 65.1 0.013

-4667 6682 117 0.037 0.032 3.1 10.5 1925 1.2 608 0.09 1.38 320 97 1.16 560 96.5 14 262 0.029 66.0 0.012

-4721 6736 118 0.038 0.034 3.1 10.5 2599 1.2 592 0.10 1.51 324 103 1.24 620 97.1 15 249 0.033 65.5 0.012

-4775 6790 119 0.037 0.037 2.9 11.1 1771 1.2 603 0.09 1.31 308 90 1.11 581 100.4 10 242 0.032 65.5 0.012

-4829 6844 120 0.023 0.026 3.2 10.2 1900 1.2 641 0.08 1.38 278 94 1.15 469 94.6 9 223 0.023 66.4 0.012

-4883 6898 121 0.031 0.031 3.1 10.1 1796 1.2 619 0.08 1.32 299 92 1.13 498 89.6 10 236 0.025 67.0 0.012

-4936 6951 122 0.039 0.034 3.1 11.5 1836 1.3 617 0.10 1.35 390 97 1.21 598 111 15 258 0.031 9.0 2.5 12.9 0.058 63.7 0.012

-4989 7004 123 0.043 0.046 3.2 10.2 1716 1.4 610 0.12 1.35 471 96 1.30 564 92.7 12 296 0.039 66.1 0.014

-5042 7057 124 0.04 0.039 3.2 10.7 1788 1.5 578 0.11 1.32 333 89 1.32 666 97.9 15 292 0.034 64.8 0.015

-5094 7109 125 0.05 0.047 3.4 11.5 2389 1.3 663 0.13 1.40 351 101 1.23 660 97.6 14 308 0.039 62.9 0.012

-5147 7162 126 0.049 0.028 2.7 13.6 2315 1.2 655 0.10 1.34 270 96 1.03 729 93.2 7 247 0.035 60.2 0.011

-5198 7213 127 0.034 0.027 2.6 14.4 1795 1.3 651 0.09 1.22 264 89 1.15 831 92.2 9 224 0.033 9.8 4.7 11.4 0.066 58.8 0.013

-5250 7265 128 0.035 0.012 1.8 20.8 1211 1.1 522 0.07 1.00 229 71 1.00 928 83.1 5 198 0.041 47.4 0.014

-5301 7316 129 0.032 0.007 1.4 24.8 962 1.5 407 0.06 0.85 185 64 1.49 918 70.3 6 162 0.043 38.7 0.023

-5351 7366 130 0.04 0.01 1.4 28.5 852 1.2 361 0.06 0.77 151 54 1.09 933 57.5 5 141 0.044 11.0 17.5 8.6 0.092 32.0 0.020

-5402 7417 131 0.03 0.004 1.3 29.4 821 0.9 352 0.06 0.73 155 53 0.81 752 57.4 4 124 0.045 31.2 0.015

-5451 7466 132 0.027 0.007 1.3 30.0 770 0.8 311 0.06 0.70 138 51 0.74 629 54.5 3 121 0.044 12.2 17.8 7.8 0.092 30.1 0.015

-5501 7516 133 0.022 0.005 1.3 30.2 765 0.8 320 0.06 0.71 145 54 0.73 525 53.6 5 113 0.043 29.6 0.014

-5550 7565 134 0.036 0.009 1.5 28.7 934 0.9 311 0.05 0.80 155 56 0.85 1009 50.7 4 139 0.036 31.9 0.015

-5599 7614 135 0.031 0.003 1.4 29.6 830 0.8 299 0.06 0.70 141 48 0.79 771 50.5 5 119 0.040 30.6 0.016

-5648 7663 136 0.04 0.007 1.5 30.0 824 0.8 298 0.06 0.73 145 52 0.75 715 48.1 5 121 0.040 29.6 0.015

-5696 7711 137 0.032 0.007 1.4 29.3 866 0.8 320 0.06 0.71 135 49 0.71 647 46.5 5 116 0.040 31.3 0.015

-5744 7759 138 0.024 0.009 1.5 30.0 888 0.9 315 0.06 0.70 148 47 0.79 598 49.8 3 115 0.041 10.0 20.0 8.3 0.089 29.5 0.017

-5792 7807 139 0.034 0.009 1.5 29.7 915 0.9 300 0.06 0.71 151 47 0.81 570 46.4 3 114 0.041 30.1 0.017

-5840 7855 140 0.034 0.01 1.6 29.5 967 0.9 330 0.06 0.74 155 52 0.88 579 47.3 4 120 0.038 30.1 0.017

-5887 7902 141 0.036 0.008 1.6 28.4 1114 1.0 319 0.06 0.76 139 55 0.88 595 47.1 4 115 0.035 32.3 0.016

-5934 7949 142 0.023 0.009 1.7 27.8 1273 1.2 304 0.06 0.80 138 54 1.08 611 49.4 2 114 0.033 10.7 17.2 9.4 0.070 32.8 0.020

-5980 7995 143 0.042 0.008 1.8 27.2 1120 1.2 330 0.06 0.80 151 56 1.01 599 50.3 5 122 0.031 34.1 0.018

-6026 8041 144 0.036 0.007 2.0 25.4 1166 1.1 292 0.05 0.84 138 47 0.91 651 51.5 4 104 0.028 37.8 0.019

-6072 8087 145 0.033 0.01 2.1 24.3 1232 1.1 301 0.06 0.83 132 52 0.91 578 48.1 4 106 0.027 39.9 0.017

-6118 8133 146 0.031 0.01 2.2 24.0 1244 1.2 293 0.06 0.84 127 53 1.00 567 51.9 3 102 0.025 9.6 14.4 9.1 0.067 40.2 0.019

-6163 8178 147 0.023 0.008 2.1 24.0 1226 1.1 282 0.05 0.82 137 50 0.90 582 48.4 3 110 0.026 40.6 0.018

-6209 8224 148 0.036 0.012 2.2 25.4 1255 1.2 257 0.05 0.85 136 48 0.98 612 46.4 5 115 0.025 12.8 13.3 9.0 0.064 37.2 0.020

-6253 8268 149 0.034 0.004 2.1 24.7 1199 1.1 264 0.05 0.82 127 48 0.85 598 43.5 4 109 0.026 39.3 0.018

-6298 8313 150 0.037 0.01 2.1 25.8 1204 1.0 271 0.06 0.82 136 46 0.82 607 43.3 4 110 0.027 36.9 0.018

-6342 8357 151 0.034 0.01 2.1 26.1 1259 1.0 283 0.06 0.80 141 47 0.79 657 44.4 6 117 0.028 36.4 0.017

-6387 8402 152 0.036 0.013 2.0 26.1 1181 1.0 283 0.06 0.80 144 49 0.79 633 43.4 2 122 0.029 36.5 0.016

-6430 8445 153 0.033 0.012 2.0 26.4 1178 1.0 275 0.06 0.78 143 49 0.78 589 45.2 5 124 0.031 36.1 0.016

-6474 8489 154 0.032 0.013 1.9 25.7 1195 1.1 286 0.06 0.84 147 50 0.83 637 43.6 4 132 0.032 37.3 0.017

-6517 8532 155 0.031 0.006 1.9 25.5 1160 1.0 267 0.06 0.79 143 55 0.81 627 45 5 114 0.033 38.0 0.015

-6560 8575 156 0.041 0.011 1.9 25.1 1162 1.1 267 0.06 0.81 144 45 0.79 590 44.8 4 108 0.030 38.9 0.017

-6603 8618 157 0.033 0.006 1.9 24.9 1230 1.0 275 0.06 0.82 141 50 0.76 557 43 4 98 0.030 39.2 0.015

-6646 8661 158 0.033 0.007 2.0 24.5 1217 1.1 256 0.05 0.82 140 44 0.83 534 39.2 4 92 0.027 39.8 0.019

-6689 8704 159 0.03 0.009 2.1 24.4 1282 1.1 264 0.06 0.80 135 42 0.74 469 40.1 4 89 0.027 9.0 15.4 8.7 0.057 40.1 0.018

-6731 8746 160 0.028 0.012 2.0 26.4 1251 1.0 294 0.06 0.79 148 48 0.73 608 43.1 4 110 0.031 35.9 0.015

-6773 8788 161 0.028 0.009 1.9 27.7 1184 1.0 281 0.06 0.74 150 50 0.69 591 40.6 4 111 0.033 33.6 0.014

-6815 8830 162 0.031 0.01 1.7 27.4 1080 1.0 274 0.06 0.72 132 47 0.71 596 44 5 108 0.036 34.7 0.015

-6856 8871 164 0.038 0.005 1.6 26.8 1056 1.1 289 0.05 0.73 129 48 0.69 699 42.8 3 103 0.033 8.3 18.5 8.3 0.060 35.9 0.014

-6939 8954 165 0.024 0.002 1.7 23.4 1122 1.2 287 0.05 0.84 133 48 0.68 583 38.4 4 89 0.028 42.8 0.014

-6980 8995 166 0.038 0.005 1.8 23.9 1114 1.2 268 0.05 0.89 137 44 0.64 649 38.2 5 84 0.028 41.6 0.015

-7021 9036 167 0.037 0.004 1.8 22.9 1166 1.3 309 0.05 0.91 127 38 0.69 647 35.6 5 81 0.029 43.5 0.018

-7061 9076 168 0.037 0.003 1.8 22.9 1189 1.4 263 0.05 0.88 121 49 0.84 629 34.5 3 81 0.029 43.4 0.017

-7102 9117 169 0.042 0.01 1.8 23.3 1231 1.3 284 0.06 0.82 131 45 0.87 717 40.2 3 89 0.034 42.4 0.019

-7142 9157 171 0.041 0.011 1.8 22.5 1252 1.4 305 0.06 0.80 136 49 0.96 695 40.9 4 89 0.034 9.3 13.2 9.1 0.060 43.9 0.020

-7222 9237 172 0.049 0.013 1.6 24.6 1129 1.3 330 0.07 0.82 136 54 0.78 715 36.9 4 91 0.040 40.2 0.014

-7262 9277 173 0.054 0.013 1.5 24.3 1036 1.3 324 0.07 0.83 138 52 0.73 720 36.5 4 100 0.044 41.2 0.014

-7301 9316 174 0.041 0.014 1.4 24.3 1096 1.4 320 0.07 0.87 152 47 0.80 878 36.6 3 105 0.049 40.8 0.017

-7341 9356 175 0.044 0.011 1.3 24.7 998 1.5 301 0.07 0.81 151 45 0.94 728 34.9 5 97 0.053 40.1 0.021

-7380 9395 176 0.034 0.009 1.2 25.6 1005 1.3 288 0.07 0.77 146 38 0.72 548 35.6 3 92 0.059 38.9 0.019

-7419 9434 177 0.037 0.008 1.3 26.7 962 1.2 272 0.08 0.76 144 44 0.67 579 36.9 1 95 0.060 36.7 0.015

-7458 9473 178 0.036 0.009 1.2 27.4 865 1.1 284 0.08 0.73 148 42 0.59 633 30.9 5 99 0.063 35.7 0.014

-7497 9512 179 0.03 0.011 1.2 29.0 819 1.0 279 0.07 0.69 149 41 0.55 602 32.4 2 94 0.064 32.5 0.014

-7536 9551 180 0.044 0.011 1.1 28.9 757 1.0 283 0.07 0.70 142 45 0.53 535 31 4 92 0.065 32.7 0.012

-7575 9590 181 0.045 0.014 1.1 29.4 696 1.1 263 0.07 0.69 154 42 0.59 515 31.8 3 83 0.064 9.2 20.2 5.9 0.056 31.4 0.014

-7613 9628 182 0.04 0.017 1.0 31.7 551 0.9 280 0.09 0.57 153 40 0.49 569 27 3 82 0.089 27.4 0.012

-7652 9667 183 0.034 0.017 0.9 32.2 456 0.9 305 0.10 0.56 175 39 0.50 602 27.2 5 85 0.109 26.4 0.013

-7690 9705 184 0.056 0.021 0.8 32.0 390 0.9 340 0.11 0.51 181 42 0.56 669 27.6 5 79 0.130 27.1 0.013

-7728 9743 185 0.057 0.017 0.8 33.1 255 0.9 276 0.11 0.47 174 45 0.54 654 24.3 5 79 0.139 25.0 0.012

-7766 9781 186 0.05 0.021 0.7 34.2 259 0.9 296 0.11 0.48 175 39 0.56 753 24.3 4 84 0.143 11.4 22.8 5.6 0.041 22.5 0.014

-7804 9819 187 0.051 0.022 0.9 31.7 245 0.9 267 0.13 0.46 226 39 0.57 678 22.6 5 87 0.149 27.6 0.015

-7842 9857 188 0.063 0.038 1.0 32.0 249 1.0 254 0.16 0.49 249 44 0.72 616 22.1 6 89 0.157 26.4 0.016

-7880 9895 189 0.072 0.033 0.9 32.3 268 1.1 229 0.14 0.50 254 45 0.76 684 22.1 6 87 0.161 25.9 0.017

-7917 9932 190 0.071 0.039 1.0 32.3 234 1.1 245 0.16 0.49 268 50 0.90 641 23.5 7 92 0.166 25.4 0.018

-7955 9970 191 0.068 0.034 1.0 32.9 217 1.1 230 0.17 0.46 291 53 0.91 732 21.3 6 108 0.178 24.1 0.017

-7993 10008 192 0.083 0.052 1.2 32.5 231 1.1 247 0.21 0.51 345 51 0.87 836 23.1 8 107 0.184 24.4 0.017

-8030 10045 193 0.086 0.065 1.2 30.5 243 1.1 257 0.23 0.52 414 67 0.94 840 22.6 9 113 0.191 28.4 0.014

-8067 10082 194 0.075 0.061 1.1 30.6 198 1.1 215 0.23 0.50 377 57 0.89 706 21.7 7 101 0.204 28.5 0.016

-8105 10120 195 0.098 0.067 1.2 29.7 230 1.2 205 0.27 0.55 440 69 0.99 749 25.5 7 104 0.221 29.9 0.014

-8142 10157 196 0.113 0.067 1.2 28.8 281 1.4 230 0.28 0.60 485 73 1.21 877 33.1 8 113 0.235 31.1 0.017

-8179 10194 197 0.104 0.073 1.2 30.1 261 1.2 227 0.31 0.58 540 75 0.93 726 33.5 10 105 0.261 12.6 17.6 4.3 0.041 29.0 0.012

-8216 10231 198 0.124 0.085 1.4 26.4 246 1.1 214 0.42 0.60 632 85 0.94 694 32.4 11 118 0.300 36.5 0.011

-8253 10268 199 0.182 0.107 1.6 25.5 310 1.2 237 0.56 0.66 942 106 1.01 675 34.2 11 115 0.342 37.3 0.010

-8290 10305 200 0.245 0.108 1.7 23.9 362 1.2 191 0.66 0.67 1111 115 0.98 757 32.2 13 116 0.378 15.1 8.8 4.5 0.052 40.2 0.009

-8327 10342 201 0.258 0.117 1.8 24.3 386 1.3 207 0.67 0.68 1119 108 1.13 948 36.1 12 124 0.383 39.0 0.010

-8364 10379 202 0.274 0.119 1.8 25.2 344 1.2 162 0.76 0.63 1304 120 1.13 592 29.2 13 107 0.422 37.1 0.009

-8401 10416 203 0.304 0.139 1.9 25.6 316 1.1 151 0.83 0.61 1396 128 1.17 551 27.2 13 105 0.429 35.9 0.009

-8438 10453 204 0.371 0.163 2.2 26.2 312 1.0 133 0.98 0.60 1591 143 1.19 478 22.7 16 97 0.450 33.9 0.008

-8475 10490 205 0.401 0.184 2.3 26.8 332 0.9 125 1.04 0.58 1590 146 1.26 351 23 14 85 0.460 32.3 0.009

-8511 10526 206 0.228 0.155 1.8 26.8 366 1.1 171 0.73 0.60 1282 128 1.26 469 26.8 14 116 0.413 33.7 0.010

-8548 10563 207 0.241 0.142 1.7 27.4 271 1.3 184 0.71 0.58 1433 119 1.41 467 27.9 15 109 0.422 32.2 0.012

-8585 10600 208 0.384 0.158 2.0 27.7 134 0.8 78 0.99 0.46 1401 116 1.18 288 22.3 16 65 0.506 31.5 0.010

-8622 10637 209 0.367 0.201 2.3 28.5 193 0.6 91 1.13 0.48 1606 142 1.04 220 17.4 13 41 0.496 17.5 11.1 3.8 0.027 29.3 0.007

Attachment 3. Detailed PCA

Holtjärnen 0 BP – 3000 BP

Holtjärnen 0 BP – 10600 BP

Stångtjärnen 0 BP – 3000 BP

Stångtjärnen 0 BP – 10600 BP

Dept. of Ecology and Environmental Science (EMG)

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Documents

Effect of historical land-use on lake- water carbon …933085/FULLTEXT01.pdfThis study examines changes in lake-water total organic carbon (LW-TOC) and lake sediment geochemistry in