Upload
nayef
View
44
Download
3
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
EFA and MDGs: Assessing Progress. Prof Colin Power AM University of Queensland Director, Eidos Institute, Brisbane ex Deputy Director-General & ADG/Ed, UNESCO, Paris email: [email protected] University of Auckland. 11 TH October, 2011. Education for All (EFA) . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Prof Colin Power AM
University of QueenslandDirector, Eidos Institute, Brisbaneex Deputy Director-General & ADG/Ed, UNESCO, Paris
email: [email protected]
University of Auckland. 11TH October, 2011
EFA and MDGs: Assessing Progress
Education for All (EFA) • Context: 1948 Declaration of
Human Rights – “everyone has the right to education”
• 1990 >100m children no access, 100ms more fail to complete basic ed; 960m adults illiterate, mil. more functional illiterate
• UN declares 1990 International Literacy Year - UNESCO key
• UNESCO, UNICEF, UNDP & WB forge EFA alliance
• World Conference on EFA
World Declaration on EFA• Every person –child, youth, adult – shall
be able to benefit from ed opportunities designed to meet their basic learning needs
• What is needed in an “expanded vision” that surpasses present resource levels, structures & programs. delivery systems
• Universalize access & promote equity• Focus on learning - useful knowledge,
reasoning ability, skills, values• Enhance environment for learning –
nutrition, health care, general support• Strengthen partnerships – national,
regional, local at all levels & stakeholders• Mobilize resources• Strengthen international solidarity
EFA Targets & action• Expand Early childhood esp. poor,
disadvantaged, disabled• Universal access & completion primary
by 2000, then Dakar by 2015• Improved learning so agreed % of cohort
(e.g, 80% 14ys olds) attain defined level of basic achievement
• Reduce adult illiteracy by half its 1990 rate by 2000
• Expand basic ed & training for youth & adults for essential skills & assess effectiveness in terms of impact on health, employment, productivity
• Programs for individuals & families required for better living, sustainable development thru mass media, IT
Background to MDGs • UN Millennium Summit,
New York 2000
• MDGs agreed by 189 nations• Reaffirmed 2008
• 8 MDGs = 18 targets, 45 ind.• Key MDG: halve extreme
poverty by 2015
• MDGs origins - 1948 Declaration, UN conferences
• Millennium Development Project Poverty Reduction Strategies
Millennium Development Goals
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2. Achieve Universal Primary Education
3. Promote Gender Equity & empower women
4. Reduce child mortality
Millennium Development Goals for 2015 (ctd)
5. Improve maternal health
6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria & other diseases
7. Environmental sustainability
8. Develop a global partnership for development
Progress Made Towards MDGs1. Halve poverty
2. Achieve UPE
3. Gender equity
3. Reduce child mortality
1.8 b, 19901.4b, 2005Rate in sub-Sahara 58%NER 83%, 200088%,
’07; by 2015, 29m out-of-school
Progress –except if high poverty, conflict, AIDS
Deaths <5 below 10mHalf in sub-Saharan Africa
Progress Towards MDGs (ctd)
5. Improve maternal health ie. < mat.mortality
>500,000 women die p.a.86% Sub-Sahara & S.Asia
6. Combat HIV/AIDSMalaria & other diseases
HIV 3m 2001; 2.7m in 07 Living w HIV 29.6m33
7. Environmental sustainability (CO2 emissions)
Increased by 30% from 1990 to 2005; 12 metric tons developed, 0.8 Africa
8. Global partnership for development
ODA $197b 2005, $194b 2007. Increase needed unlikely given recession
Issues in Assessing MDGs• Understanding poverty• Political will, affordability &
economic context• National interest vs common
good• Quality and equity• Strong partnerships & co-
ordinated effort• Role of civil society & NGOs• Setting goals, targets &
indicators
UNDERSTANDING POVERTY
• What it means depends on context• Definitions: incomedeprivation
vulnerabilitycapabilitiesHDIs • Poverty trap + demographic trap• Strategies: analytical deliberation
comprehensive development programs• Empowering girls and women as the key
POLITICAL WILL, AFFORDABILITY
• Poor cannot afford to meet basic needs
• Need better governance etc +++ partnerships
• UN targets: 0.7% GNI for ODA, >6% for ed
• Poor nations forced to accept structural adjust.
• Billions for war, but not for MDGs or ODA
National Interest vs Common Good
• Ethics: do unto others• “Shadow play”• Poor nations pretend
to reform; rich to help• Political realists:
national interest + spin• Shift broader, long-
term view needed
Quality and Equality
• Quality and equality inseparable
• MDG-UPE Progress depends on quality of programs provided
• Inequality impedes economic growth
• Inequality is dysfunctional & corrosive
Partnerships, co-ordinated effort, civil society and NGOs
• Partnerships & co-ordination vital (EFA story)
• Ownership of MDGs• Alignment w. national
priorities + capacity building• Harmonization –donors,
govt, NGOs• Sector-wide approach• Respect poor• Continuity of engagement• Civil society- people power
+ NGO expertise vital
Setting goals, targets & indicatorsSetting goals, targets, priorities
is a political processValuable –needed to tackle
global issuesBut – MDGs • Unachievable if no change • Limited framework e.g
human rights, poverty, EFA • Limited input from the poor • May miss root causes
• Indicators are indicators, proxies for MDGs
• Stats used not valid, reliable, comparable
• Data collection a nightmare in LDCs
• “Research” not always independent
• Follow up research needed to understand what is happening
CONCLUSION• Despite limitations, progress
towards MDGs, though patchy• Comparative & international ed res
has an important role to play• Need deeper understanding from
comparative analyses, roles played by international stakeholders
• Analyse trends, become “radar systems,” the voice of the poor & marginalised
• Help build technical capacity & provide policy advice on basis of evidence