Upload
lydieu
View
238
Download
4
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Confidential
EEFL-Backlight Technology(End-Cap Type External Electrode Fluorescent Lamp)
EEFL-Backlight Technology(End-Cap Type External Electrode Fluorescent Lamp)
KDT m&s Co.,Ltd., Korea
ConfidentialBasic Characteristics of CCFL & EEFL Basic Characteristics of CCFL & EEFL
I-V Characteristics 19″ Lamp(2.6 mm / 393 mm)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 80
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
Brig
htne
ss [c
d/m
2 ]
Power [W]
CCFLEEFL
EEFL
CCFLOperation
0 500 1000 1500 20000
5
10
15
20CCFLEEFL
Starting
CCFL
Cur
rent
[m
A] (
RM
S)
Cathode
fall Voltage
CCFLOperation
EEFL Operation
EEFL
Voltage [V] (RMS)
ConfidentialBasic Characteristics Basic Characteristics
Multi-EEFLsMulti-CCFLs
Co
• Co : Ballast Capacitor
for the Uniformity
• Good Uniformity
ConfidentialEEFLs EEFLs for the High Brightness & High Efficiencyfor the High Brightness & High Efficiency
Key Issues ;
1st. Switching Inverter generating AC-Square Pulses
2nd. Driving Methods of Self-Discharge Synchronizing
3rd. New External Electrode Formation Scheme : Metal-Glass Melt-Bonding Technology provides
High Capacitance
ConfidentialLamp Operation Lamp Operation CCFL (LC-Resonance Inverter) EEFL (Switching Inverter)
- V-I Phase Synchronized (Zero Crossing)(i) Rising Voltage
[+] [-]Current
(ii) Sustaining Voltage Wall Charge
[G] [G]
Self-Discharge Current
[+] [-]
Current
(iii) Falling Voltage
V
I
tV
t
[+] [-]Current
Direct
v
I
t
- Self-Discharge Synchronized for high Efficiency
t
Current
Direct
v
[-] [+]
ConfidentialSwitching Inverter Switching Inverter
A
B
C
D
Multi lamps
Vcc
A
B
C
C
Multi lamps
Vcc
• Full-Bridge Circuit • Half - Bridge Circuit
• Push-Pull Circuit • AStable Multi - Vibrator
Vcc
amp amp
Multi lampsMulti lamps
A BVcc
ConfidentialEEFL Driven by a Switching Inverter EEFL Driven by a Switching Inverter
- 19″Lamp - EEFL(Switching Inverter)
25µs(40 kHz) 12.5µs
5µs
DUty = 50%
ii) Current (100mA/Div.)
iii) Optical Signal
Main & Self Discharge
Overlapped
i) Voltage (2kV/Div.)
Vp
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
Power [W]
EEFL(Switching
Inverter)
EEFL(LC-Resonance
Inverter)
Brig
htne
ss [
cd/m
2 ] CCFL(LC-Resonance
Inverter)
ConfidentialEEFL Driven by a Switching Inverter EEFL Driven by a Switching Inverter
25µs(40 kHz)
Main Discharge
Self Discharge
10µs
Duty = 40%
ii) Current (100mA/Div.)
iii) Optical Signal
i) Voltage (2kV/Div.)
10µsVp
i) Voltage (2kV/Div.)
ii) Current (100mA/Div.)
iii) Optical Signal
Duty = 24%
25µs(40 kHz)
6µs
Main Discharge
Self Discharge
12.5µs
Vp
ConfidentialEEFL Driven by a Switching Inverter EEFL Driven by a Switching Inverter
a) Rising Voltage
+-
Main-discharge Current
VoltageVP
tr
tPtf
Vp
(+) (-)
(+)
Wall charge Vw
++++++----- - (-)
Wall charge Wall charge
Vw
b) Sustaining Voltage
c) Falling Voltage
+++
---
++
--
Self-discharge Current
t
Current(Synchronize)
Current(Delayed)
t
t
Current(Over Current)
Self-discharge Synchronizing Point
Delayed
Over Current
t
ConfidentialEEFL Driven by a Switching Inverter EEFL Driven by a Switching Inverter
Self-Dischage Synchronized Wave Formulas
b) Over-ShotSynchronizing Point
a) Rounded Wave
t
t
V
I
Synchronizing PointV
t
I
t
C) Sloped d) Sawtooth
Synchronizing Point Synchronizing PointV VVP
t t
II
tt
ConfidentialEEFL Electrode Structure EEFL Electrode Structure
ℓ
L
Electrode Length
• Optimum Electrode Length
0 2 4 6 8 100
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
Brig
htne
ss [
cd/m
2 ]
Power [w]
1cm1.5cm2cm2.5cm3cm3.5cm
ℓ =ℓ =ℓ =ℓ =ℓ =ℓ =
ℓ=3.5cm
ℓ = 3cm
ℓ = 2.5cm
ℓ = 2cm
Lamp length : 375mm
0 20 40 60 80 1000
1
2
3
4
5
Opt
imum
Len
gth
[cm
]
Lamp Length [cm]
1.8
4.0
3.0
ℓ = 1.5cm
ℓ = 1cm
ConfidentialEEFL Electrode StructureEEFL Electrode Structure▶ Electrode Formation Methods
1) Metal Cap ( Copper Cap )2) Metal Foil Taping3) Metal Plating4) Metal–Glass Melt-Bonding
Al-PasteCopper Cap Cu-Taping
Metal-Bonding Metal-Bonding
ConfidentialEEFL Electrode StructureEEFL Electrode Structure
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 70
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000 Ag melt-bondingAl melt-bondingAl-tapingCu-taping
2 4 6 8 100
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
Effic
ienc
y [l
m/w
]
Brig
htne
ss [c
d/m
2 ]
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
EEFL (Ag melt-bonding)conventional CCFL
Brig
htne
ss [
cd/m
2 ]
Bonding
Taping
Power [W]Power [W]
ConfidentialMetalMetal––Glass MeltGlass Melt––Bonding Technology Bonding Technology
• Metal–taping (Low Capacitance)
• Metal–glass melt–bonding(High Capacitance)
(+)
Glasspolarization
metal
Wall charge
(+)
Wall charge
+
Metal-tape
Wall charge
Glasspolarization
Irregular space (high field)
Wall charge
+
ConfidentialVarious EEFLVarious EEFL--Lamps Lamps
-Color EEFL Lamps
ConfidentialVarious EEFLVarious EEFL--Lamps Lamps
ConfidentialVarious EEFLVarious EEFL--Lamps Lamps
450 mm
393 mm
355 mm
314 mm
291 mm
1000 mm
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL––Edge Lighting Backlight Edge Lighting Backlight 2) Bended Electrode1) Elongated Bottom Electrode
Dead Zone(~0.8cm)
Lamp
ReflectorLGP
Lamp
ReflectorLGP
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL––Backlight ( EdgeBacklight ( Edge––Lighting ) Lighting )
19″Panel17″Panel
Reflector
Multi-Vibrator Switching InverterFull-Bridge Switching Inverter
( 15 * 3 * 1 ) (cm)( 12 * 3 * 1 ) (cm)
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL––Direct Lighting Backlight Direct Lighting Backlight
Type1 : Electrodeless Lamps Type2 : Elongated EEFLs Type3:Bended EEFLs
- Simple Connection- Low Efficiency ~50 lm/W
- Narrow Dead Zone- High Efficiency ~ 60 lm/W
- Narrow Dead Zone- High Efficiency ~ 60 lm/W
Electrodeless Lamp ElongatedLampHole
LampHole
LampHole
Lamp Connector(Copper Inside hole)
Lamp Connector(Copper Inside Hole)
Lamp Connector(Conductive Lubber Inside Hole)
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL––Backlight ( DirectBacklight ( Direct––Lighting ) Lighting )
20.1″ Panel Diffusion Plate Opened
( 12 * 3 * 1 ) (cm)( 9.5 * 4.8 * 1 ) (cm)
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL––Backlight ( DirectBacklight ( Direct––Lighting ) Lighting )
Full bridge Switching Inverter
12 - EEFLsi) Voltage (2kV/Div.)
ii) Current (100mA/Div.)
iii) Optical Signal
( 12 * 3 * 1 ) (cm)
Multi-Vibrator Switching Inverter
12 - EEFLs
i) Voltage (2kV/Div.)
ii) Current (40mA/Div.)
iii) Optical Signal
( 15 * 3 * 1 ) (cm)
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL--Backlight ( Direct Backlight ( Direct ––Lighting ) Lighting )
Cu-Taping Electrode
40 45 50 55 60 65 70
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
Brightness
Efficiency
Brightness [ cd/ m
2]
20 Inch panel
Effi
cien
cy [
lm/W
]6500
7000
7500
8000
40 45 50 55 60 65 7045
48
51
54
57
60
63
Effi
cien
cy [l
m/W
]
Efficiency
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
1200017 Inch panel
Brightness
Brightness [ cd/ m
2]
Frequency [kHz] Frequency [kHz]
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL--Backlight ( Direct Backlight ( Direct ––Lighting ) Lighting )
20.1 Inch 20.1 Inch ((InputInput : 12: 12VV)) : Metal-Bonding Electrode
9 10 11 12 13 14
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
Inpu
t Cur
rent
[A]
Input Voltage [V]
Frequency
Maximum
12V
Efficiency
12V
Brightnes
s
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 903000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
Power [w]
52545658606264666870727476788082
Effi
cien
cy [l
m/W
]
Brig
htne
ss [c
d/m
2]
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL--Backlight ( Direct Backlight ( Direct ––Lighting ) Lighting )
20.1 Inch 20.1 Inch (Input(Input : 24 : 24 VV)) : Metal-Bonding Electrode
Frequency
Maximum84
Efficiency
Brightne
ss
24V
35 40 45 50 55 60 65
7000
7500
8000
8500
9000
9500
10000
1050082
Effi
cien
cy [l
m/W
]
74
76
78
80
Brig
htne
ss [c
d/m
2]
20 21 22 23 24 25
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
Inpu
t Cur
rent
[A]
Input Voltage [V ]
24V
72
70
Power [W]
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL--Backlight ( Direct Backlight ( Direct ––Lighting ) Lighting )
17 Inch (17 Inch (Input :12Input :12VV))
9 10 11 12 13 142.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
Inpu
t Cur
rent
[A]
Input Voltage [V]
Frequency
Maximum
: Metal-Bonding Electrode
Effi
cien
cy [l
m/W
]
Brightnes
sEfficiency
20 30 40 50 604000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Brig
htne
ss [c
d/m
2]
Power [W]
58
60
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
12V
12V
ConfidentialEEFLEEFL––Backlight specificationBacklight specification
- Metal Bonding External Electrode
Conventional Edge-Lighting
Direct Lighting
panel 17 inch38.4*28*2(cm)
17 inch38.4*28*2(cm)
20.1 inch44.5*31*2(cm)
Tubes 4- lamps 12 - lamps 14 - lamps
Invertersize
LC-Resonance16*4.5*1 (cm)
Full Bridge12*2.8*1(cm)
Full Bridge9.5*4.8*1(cm)
Input 12V/ 1.7A 12V/ 3.61A 12V/ 4.68A 24V/ 2.48A
Input Power 20 W 43 W 56 W 59 W
Frequency 50 KHz 56 KHz 53 KHz 59 KHz
Brightness 3,500 cd/m2 11,000 cd/m2 8,650 cd/m2 10,300 cd/m2
Efficiency 50 lm/W 70 lm/W 64 lm/W 73 lm/W
ConfidentialA large Area Backlight about 40 inch in diagonalA large Area Backlight about 40 inch in diagonal
Phase SynchronizedGate Signal Generator
A Section
B Section
C Section
ConfidentialMultiMulti--CCFLsCCFLs Driven by a Switching Inverter Driven by a Switching Inverter
- Self Discharge Synchronizing provides a high Efficiencya) Rising Voltage : Charging Capacitor
Co
b) Rising & Sustaining : Main discharge ( Vr – VC 〉Vf )
c) Falling Voltage : Charging Lamp
++
--
++
--
VpVr
Vr-VcVc
Q=CoVcQ=Cℓ(Vr-Vc)
++ --- -- +++ -
VP→0
d) Falling Voltage ( Vℓ〉Vf ) : Self-discharge
Q/Cℓ=Vℓ
+
++++---- + +
--
Vp
Q=CoVP
VP
Main-discharge Current
-
VP→0
- -+ +
Self-discharge current+
• Co : Synchronizing Capacitorfor the Uniformity
ConfidentialMultiMulti--CCFLsCCFLs Driven by a Switching Inverter Driven by a Switching Inverter
- Self-discharge in Multi-CCFLswith an optimum Ballast Capacitor
(b) Co = 18 pF (a) Co = 47 pF (Without Self-discharge) (With Self-discharge)
i) Voltage (2kV/Div.)
ii) Current (100mA/Div.)
iii) Optical Signal
Main Discharge
Duty = 24 % i) Voltage (2kV/Div.)
ii) Current (100mA/Div.)
iii) Optical Signal
Main Discharge
Self Discharge
Duty = 24 %
ConfidentialCCFL Backlight ( DirectCCFL Backlight ( Direct––Lighting ) Lighting )
2) Multi-Vibrator Switching Inverter1) Full bridge Switching Inverter
( 15 * 3 * 1 ) (cm)( 12 * 3 * 1 ) (cm)
• 12 – CCFLs : 17inch Panel• 12 – CCFLs : 17 inch Paneli) Voltage (2kV/Div.)
ii) Current (100mA/Div.)
iii) Optical Signal
i) Voltage (2kV/Div.)
ii) Current (40mA/Div.)
iii) Optical Signal
ConfidentialConclusions
1. High Brightness & High Efficiency EEFLs ;- External Electrode Formulated by Metal-Glass Melt-Bonding- A Self-Discharge Synchronizing Operation- By a Switching Inverter
2. Edge-Lighting EEFLs-Backlight Panels ;- A good Uniformity obtained with single Transformer
on a single Stage Inverter.
3. Direct-Light EEFLs-Backlight Panels of 17 & 20.1 inch in Diagonal- High Luminance of 7,000 ~ 10,000 cd/m2
- High Efficiency of 70 ~ 80 lm/w(With single Transformer on a single Stage Inverter.)
Confidential
EEFLEEFL--Backlight & Switching Inverter promiseBacklight & Switching Inverter promisea new generation of LCD Backlight & Operationa new generation of LCD Backlight & Operation
- Low Power consumption- Long Life Time- High Brightness Backlight Up to ~ 10,000 cd/m2
- Low Cost
- High Efficiency Up to ~ 70 lm/W
- Simple Assembly
- Application to a Large Size Backlight Up to 1m×1m inch LCD
< Ref from Presentation at SID’02 Boston by KDT >