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Latino TimesFREE | GRATIS - December 2019Vol. 19 Num. 12

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Serna gives 40 years of helping the underrepresented

Las emociones todavía salen a la superficie, décadas después

By Bob Highfill Jessie Serna, raised in Stockton, the daughter of hard-working migrant farm workers, has made a difference repre-senting the underrepresented. She has raised her voice to help those who have no voice. In 2020, Serna will reach a mile-stone, her 40th year as a private attor-ney specializing in medical malpractice, wrongful death and personal injury. She’s tried many cases, but her first for-ever will remain close to her heart.As Serna sits behind a desk inside her office in downtown Stockton and tells the story of 13-year-old Rudy Ochoa, her eyes well-up and her voice cracks.“It just tore my heart out,” she said. “It was so sad and still is.” Serna was a fresh-faced, idealistic, recent graduate of Golden Gate Univer-

sity Law School in San Francisco. She was as green as they come, she said. She didn’t have an office yet, and worked out of a rented house she shared with a roommate in San Jose. She had an an-swering service and had placed a small advertisement in a local Spanish-speak-ing newspaper. One day, Rudy’s parents contacted her and asked her to represent them. Their story shook Serna at her core: Rudy was with friends and had been arrested in San Jose on minor charges and was placed in juvenile hall. There, he became ill and was in tremendous pain. His mother begged the doctor and anyone who would listen to transfer her son to Santa Clara Valley Medical Cen-ter. Her pleas were met with deaf ears. Rudy’s condition worsened and he died

Trump administration approves final rule that will remove food aid to thousands of people Despite thousands of comments against it, the Department of Agriculture approved the final rule that will allow the withdrawal of at least 755,000 people - for now - from the federal food stamp program. The regulations proposed in Febru-ary will make it more difficult for states to allow eligible adults without children to receive food assistance for more than three months in a 36-month period with-out work. The measure seems intended for im-migrants, in reference to the “American Dream”, by Secretary Sonny Perdue. “The government can be a powerful force for good, but the government’s depen-dence has never been the American dream ,” Perdue said. “We need to encourage people by giving them a helping hand, but not allowing it to become an undefined hand . “

The anti-poverty groups said that President Donald Trump’s approach to the unemployment rate was misleading . This rule is the first of others that will help reduce the application of the Supple-mental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP ), such as the one that would close what is called a legal loophole that allows people with incomes of up to 200 percent of the poverty level , about $ 50,000 for a family of four, receive food stamps. He also wants to prevent house-holds with more than $ 2,250 in assets, or $ 3,500 for a home with a disabled adult, from receiving food stamps. That would strip almost three million people of their benefits. Another proposal would reduce $ 4.5 billion of the program for five years by adjusting the eligibility formulas, affecting one in five families, according to activist estimates.

Por Bob Highfill Jessie Serna, criada en Stockton, la hija de obreros agrícolas trabajadores, ha marcado la diferencia representando a los subrepresentados. Ella ha levan-tado la voz para ayudar a aquellos que no tienen voz. En 2020, Serna alcanzará un hito, su 40 ° año como abogada privada especializada en negligencia médica, muerte injusta y lesiones personales. Ella ha intentado muchos casos, pero el primero para siempre permanecerá cerca de su corazón. Mientras Serna se sienta detrás de un escritorio dentro de su oficina en el centro de Stockton y cuenta la historia de Rudy Ochoa, de 13 años, con los ojos llenos de lágrimas y la voz que-brantada. “Simplemente me arrancó el corazón,” dijo. “Fue muy triste y to-davía lo es.” Serna era una recién graduada, idealista, recién graduada de la Fac-ultad de Derecho de la Universidad Golden Gate en San Francisco. Estaba tan nueva como vienen, dijo. Todavía no tenía una oficina y trabajaba en una casa alquilada que compartía con un compañero de cuarto en San José. Tenía un servicio de contestador y había colocado un pequeño anuncio en un periódico local de habla hispana. Un día, los padres de Rudy la contactaron y le pidieron que los rep-resentara. Su historia conmocionó a

Serna en su núcleo: Rudy estaba con amigos y había sido arrestado en San José por cargos menores y fue puesto en un salón de menores. Allí se enfermó y sufrió un dolor tremendo. Su madre le rogó al médico y a cualquiera que escuchara transferir a su hijo al Centro Médico del Valle de Santa Clara. Sus súplicas fueron recibidas con oídos sor-dos. La condición de Rudy empeoró y murió dentro del corredor juvenil en los brazos de su madre. “Lo único que tenía era neumonía,” dijo Serna, sollozando. “Simplemente lo ignoraron porque era un niño mexicano. Literalmente muere en sus brazos en la sala juvenil porque el personal médico se negó a transferirlo al hospital.” La tragedia violó todos los prin-cipios de la decencia humana que Serna juró luchar desde su época en la Escuela Secundaria Edison en Stockton, donde estuvo involucrada en el gobierno estudiantil, actividades estudiantiles y marchó en apoyo a la Unión de Campesinos de América. Serna se graduó de Edison en 1970 y se involucró más en causas sociales en la Universidad Estatal de San José, donde estudió la aplicación de la ley. Serna fue presidente de MEChA, un grupo de estudiantes mexicoamericanos fundado a fines de la década de 1960. Ayudó a organizar un concierto en el estadio Spartan para recaudar fondos para becas estudiantiles y se le pidió

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Jessie Serna

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inside juvenile hall in his mother’s arms.“The only thing he had was pneumo-nia,” Serna said, sobbing. “They just ignored him because he was a Mexican kid. He literally dies in her arms in juvenile hall because the medical staff refused to transfer him to the hospital.”The tragedy violated every tenet of hu-man decency Serna swore to fight dating from her time at Edison High School in Stockton, where she was involved in stu-dent government, student activities and marched in support of the United Farm Workers of America. Serna graduated from Edison in 1970 and became more involved in so-cial causes at San Jose State University, where she studied law enforcement. Serna was president of MEChA, a Mexi-can-American student group founded in the late 1960s. She helped put together a concert at Spartan Stadium to raise funds for student scholarships and was asked to speak at Soledad State Prison. Serna was shocked when hundreds of inmates, of whom many were Hispanic, listened to her motivational message then lined up to ask questions. She saw firsthand that Latinos were being stock-piled in the legal system due to racism and the lack of education, language skills and financial resources they needed to defend themselves. Serna had worked briefly in the juvenile hall but decided after visiting Soledad she could do more for her community as an attorney.“I’ve always had a heart for those that are uneducated and underrepresented,” said Serna, “and those people that have been discriminated based on their skin color.” In 1974, Serna graduated from San Jose State and enrolled at Golden Gate University Law School. She was the only Mexican American, faced discrimina-tion from instructors and judges who were raised a generation prior, but she did not relent. She was too tough. Her work ethic, resiliency and empathy had been forged at an early age harvesting the fields of the Central Valley alongside her six siblings and parents, Angie and Rosendo Serna, who provided the family with food, shelter, education and love, despite their meager wages. “That’s why I’m so hard working, because of my parents,” Jessie Serna said. “They had us going, but they never pulled us out of school. They protected us. To this day I feel very protected and secure. They did a hell of a job.” While in law school, Serna con-tinued to work with the United Farm Workers and organized a fundraiser with legendary activist Dolores Huerta as her guest. Once Serna graduated from law school, she started her private law practice in San Jose to serve the Spanish-speaking community. Her life suddenly changed when Rudy Ochoa entered her life. After taking the case, Serna sued the County of Santa Clara, the doctors and nurses at San Jose’s juvenile hall, everyone who had contact with Rudy. The County of Santa Clara conducted a grand jury investigation, which led to everyone who neglected Rudy being fired. But Serna wasn’t satisfied. She cited numerous civil causes of action, including civil rights violations. The

presiding judges threw out the causes of action, other than medical malpractice/wrongful death. Not satisfied, Serna took the case to the Court of Appeals, which granted some but not all of the causes of action. “I said, ‘No,’” said Serna said. “’I have to have it all.’” Serna then took the first case in her life to the California Supreme Court in front of Justice Rose Byrd. Perhaps for the first time, Serna had some butterflies. “There, I was a little nervous be-cause now this is the big time,” she said. “I was in my mid-20s, but I was fresh out of law school and this was my very first case.” Big firms contacted the Ochoas deriding Serna as a newbie, saying they could do more for them. But the Ochoas stuck with Serna because she was there from the start and they were not. The State Supreme Court heard the complaint and granted Serna all of her causes of action. The case was remanded to trial court. On the day the trial was set to begin, with three defense law firms lined up against one brand-new attorney, the case of Rudy Ochoa, et al, versus the County of Santa Clara was settled for an undisclosed sum. Serna also made a claim for the parents’ emo-tional distress. She got that, too. Serna said lawyers have told her they have cited Ochoa v. County of Santa Clara in elderly abuse cases. “It took us five years to go from get-ting the case to winning the case in Su-preme Court,” Serna said. “So after that, every case for me was a piece of cake.”The settlement put Serna on the prover-bial map and her practice took off. She accepts criminal cases from time to time but prefers personal injury, medical mal-practice and wrongful death.Serna is past president of La Raza Law-yers in San Joaquin County, past presi-dent of the Trial Lawyers in Santa Clara County and has been on the Board of Governors of the State Consumer At-torneys of personal injury lawyers that represent individuals against large cor-porations. Serna was married to criminal at-torney Daniel V. Hernandez for 20 years until he passed away some 16 years ago. She has two sons, Ignacio Hernandez and Daniel Serna Hernandez. Serna encourages people from ethnic communities to hang onto their native tongue and study law. She believes in empowering the less fortunate through the law and hopes someday to have enough free time to be a motivational speaker. But at age 67, though she’s a one-person law firm, Serna enjoys her work too much to slow down. “I still get excited every day to go to work,” Serna said. “That’s my role in life – to help anyone I can.” Serna practices law in San Jose and also has a law office in Stockton, where her large family resides. “I feel real close to Stockton,” she said. “I have roots here. I come here all the time because my family is here, and I enjoy helping residents with their legal cases. I’ve never lost connection with Stockton.”

By Wissam Melhem WASHINGTON – A House com-mittee gave preliminary approval Thurs-day to a bill that would add 20,000 farm-worker visas and let some workers apply for permanent legal residency, despite Republican concerns that it could open the door to more illegal immigration. The 18-12 vote Thursday by the House Judiciary Committee split on party lines that reflected four hours of debate, stretched over two days, on the Farm Workforce Modernization Act. Besides adding H-2A visas, the comprehensive bill would set wages for farmworkers, streamline the hiring process and allow up to 40,000 eligible long-term farmworkers per year to apply for green cards. Democrats emphasized that the bi-partisan bill is supported by agriculture, trade and labor organizations and will

help the ever-growing needs of the agri-culture industry. Its main sponsor, Rep. Zoe Lofgren, D-Calif., said she and oth-ers worked for nine months on the bill to come up with what she called a “bal-anced solution to a complex problem.” Rep. Greg Stanton, D-Phoenix, said the bill will “improve the H-2A program to make it easier for Arizona farmers to effectively meet their workforce needs.” “In my home state Arizona, especial-ly in Yuma, the H-2A program has been the difference between leaving crops in the ground and farmers making ends meet,” he said during debate Wednes-day. But Republicans said that in its push to solve the problem of farmworker shortages, the bill creates loopholes that will be taken advantage by immigrants. “The bill we are considering today

House panel advances bill to expand farmworker visas, green card access

See FARMWORKER Page 11

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8-Year-Old Mexican Girl, Who Was Bullied, Has Higher IQ Than Einstein By Benjamin VanHoose She may not have reached double digits in terms of age, but Adhara Pérez is well into the triple-digit IQ range. The 8-year-old Mexico City native reportedly boasts an intelligence quo-tient of 162 — a score slightly higher than notable geniuses Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking, who each had an estimated IQ of 160. When she was 3, Pérez was diag-nosed with Asperger’s syndrome, ac-cording to the Yucatan Times. Included on the autism spectrum, the develop-mental disorder can cause difficulties with social interactions. The girl told the outlet she was “made a mockery at school.” Other students would bully Pérez, calling her names like “weirdo” and “oddball.” “I saw that Adhara was playing in

a little house and they locked her up. And they started to chant: ‘Oddball, weirdo!’” her mother, Nallely Sanchez, told the outlet. “And then they started hitting the little house. So I said, I don’t want her to suffer. Pérez then fell into a “very deep” depression, according to Sanchez, with the bright young pupil not wanting to go to school anymore. Teachers said Pérez would sleep in class, showing an apparent lack of interest. Sanchez, aware of her daughter’s unusual smartness at home, recognized the current education plan wasn’t the right fit for her daughter, and took Pérez to therapy, she told the outlet. From there, the girl’s extremely high IQ was identified, and she was able to seek a learning environment that adapts to students’ unique skill sets.

In no time at all, Pérez finished elementary school by 5, middle school by 6 and high school by 8, according to the Yucatan Times. Now she’s reported-

ly in the process of earning two degrees online, one in industrial engineering in mathematics and one in systems engi-neering.

Covered California’s New State Subsidies Program Provides Relief for Middle-Income Californians Open enrollment for 2020 is un-derway, and more Californians than ever before are eligible for financial help for their health insurance. The reason is a new state subsidy program. It will help lower the cost of coverage for almost 1 million people, including for some middle-income Californians for the first time since the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act became law in 2014. “California is making coverage more affordable for low-income fami-lies, and we are making history by becoming the first state in the nation

to provide financial help to middle-income people like small-businesses owners, early retirees and the self-employed,” Executive Director Peter V. Lee said. “Whether you never thought you could get financial help, or you have checked before, you need to check again because there is new money available that may dramatical-ly reduce the cost of your coverage.” So far during open enrollment, eligible low-income consumers who qualified for a subsidy are receiving an average of $19 per month per household on top of any federal as-

sistance they receive, while eligible middle-income Californians who have received a state subsidy are get-ting an average of $526 per month, per household.For someone like Don from San Jose, who worked in the tech industry for years before retiring early to pursue his passion in history and literature, the state subsidy program is a much-needed financial lifeline. Since his de-cision to retire, Don has been paying over $33,000 a year for a COBRA Blue Shield PPO Silver plan for him-self and his wife. In 2020, they will

be receiving $1,282 a month through the state subsidy program. They will pay a net premium of $1,900 per month. Another big change for 2020 is the restoration of the individual mandate here in California. People who do not get covered could face a penalty administered by the Franchise Tax Board when they file their 2020 taxes in the spring of 2021. A family of four would pay at least a $2,000 penalty, and potentially more, for not having health insurance throughout 2020.

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Who is Hispanic? By Mark Hugo Lopez Debates over who is Hispanic and who is not have fueled conversa-tions about identity among Ameri-cans who trace their heritage to Lat-in America or Spain. The question surfaced during U.S. presidential debates and the confirmation of So-nia Sotomayor to the U.S. Supreme Court. More recently, it bubbled up after a singer from Spain won the “Best Latin” award at the 2019 Video Music Awards. So, who is considered Hispanic in the United States? And how are they counted in public opinion sur-veys, voter exit polls and government surveys like the upcoming 2020 cen-sus? The most common approach to answering these questions is straight-forward: Who is Hispanic? Anyone who says they are. And nobody who says they aren’t. The U.S. Census Bureau uses this approach, as does Pew Research Center and most other research organizations that conduct public opinion surveys. By this way of counting, the Census Bureau esti-mates there were roughly 59.9 mil-lion Hispanics in the United States as of July 1, 2018, making up 18% of the total national population. Behind the impressive precision of this official Census Bureau num-ber lies a long history of changing labels, shifting categories and revised

question wording on census forms – all of which reflect evolving cul-tural norms about what it means to be Hispanic or Latino in the United States today. Here’s a quick primer on the Census Bureau’s approach of using self-identification to decide who is Hispanic. Q. I immigrated to Phoenix from Mexico. Am I Hispanic? A. You are if you say so. Q. My parents moved to New York from Puerto Rico. Am I His-panic? A. You are if you say so. Q. My grandparents were born in Spain but I grew up in California. Am I Hispanic? A. You are if you say so. Q. I was born in Maryland and married an immigrant from El Salva-dor. Am I Hispanic? A. You are if you say so. Q. I was born in Argentina but grew up in Texas. I don’t consider myself Hispanic. Does the Census Bureau count me as Hispanic? A. Not if you say you aren’t. Of the 42.7 million adults with His-panic ancestry in 2015, an estimated 5 million people, or 11%, said they do not identify as Hispanic or La-tino. These people aren’t counted as Hispanic by the Census Bureau or in Pew Research Center surveys. Hispanic self-identification var-ies across immigrant generations.

Among the foreign born from Latin America, nearly all self-identify as Hispanic. But by the fourth gen-eration, only half of people with Hispanic heritage in the U.S. self-identify as Hispanic. Q. But isn’t there an official defi-nition of what it means to be His-panic or Latino? A. In 1976, the U.S. Congress passed the only law in this country’s history that mandated the collection and analysis of data for a specific ethnic group: “Americans of Spanish origin or descent.” The language of that legislation described this group as “Americans who identify them-selves as being of Spanish-speaking background and trace their origin or descent from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Central and South America, and other Spanish-speaking coun-tries.” This includes 20 Spanish-speaking nations from Latin America and Spain itself, but not Portugal or

Portuguese-speaking Brazil. Stan-dards for collecting data on Hispan-ics were developed by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in 1977 and revised in 1997. Us-ing these standards, schools, public health facilities and other govern-ment entities and agencies keep track of how many Hispanics they serve – the primary goal of the 1976 law. However, the Census Bureau does not apply this definition when counting Hispanics. Rather, it relies entirely on self-reporting and lets each person identify as Hispanic or not. The 2020 census form will ask the question this way: Q. What’s the difference between Hispanic and Latino? A. The terms “Hispanic” and “Latino” are panethnic terms meant to describe – and summarize – the population of people living in the

www.latinotimes.org December 20196

Hispaniccontinued from Page 5

U.S. of that ethnic background. In practice, the Census Bureau most often uses the term “Hispanic,” while Pew Research Center uses the terms “Hispanic” and “Latino” inter-changeably. Some have drawn sharp distinc-tions between these two terms, saying for example, Hispanics are people from Spain or from Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America (this excludes Brazil, where Por-tuguese is the official language) while Latinos are people from Latin America regardless of language (this includes Brazil but excludes Spain). Despite this debate, the “Hispanic” and “Latino” labels are not univer-sally embraced by the community that has been labeled, even as they are widely used. Instead, Pew Research Center surveys show a preference for other terms to describe identity. A 2015 survey found that 50% of Hispanics most often describe themselves by their family’s country of origin, 23% use the terms Latino or Hispanic, and 23% most often describe them-selves as American. As for a prefer-ence between the terms Hispanic or Latino, the survey found that 32% of Hispanics prefer “Hispanic,” 15% prefer the term “Latino” and the rest (51%) have no preference. Another common identity label is “Latinx,” an emerging panethnic,

gender-neutral term that is used in place of “Hispanic” or “Latino.” While the Census Bureau has not recognized the term, U.S. public interest in “Latinx” has grown since 2018, according to an analysis of Google search data. However, some have not embraced the term. Q. The Census Bureau also asks people about their race and their an-cestry. How do these responses come into play when determining if some-one is Hispanic? A. They don’t. In the eyes of the Census Bureau, Hispanics can be of any race, any ancestry or any coun-try of origin. This results in varying patterns that relate to where people come from and how they choose to identify themselves on census surveys. For example, nearly all im-migrants from Mexico (99%) called themselves Hispanic, according to a Pew Research Center analysis of the Census Bureau’s 2017 American Community Survey. By comparison, 93% of immigrants from Argentina said so, as did 88% of immigrants from Spain and 87% from Panama. Q. What about Brazilians, Por-tuguese and Filipinos? Are they His-panic? A. They are in the eyes of the Census Bureau if they say they are, even though these countries do not fit the federal government’s official definition of “Hispanic” because

they are not Spanish-speaking. For the most part, people who trace their ancestry to these countries do not self-identify as Hispanic when they fill out their census forms. Only about 2% of immigrants from Brazil do so, as do 2% of immigrants from Portugal and 1% from the Philip-pines, according to Pew Research Center tabulations of the 2017 American Community Survey. These patterns reflect a grow-ing recognition and acceptance of the official definition of Hispanics. In the 1980 census, 18% of Brazil-ian immigrants and 12% of both Portuguese and Filipino immigrants identified as Hispanic. But by 2000, the shares identifying as Hispanic dropped to levels close to those seen today. What people report on census forms are not subject to any inde-pendent checks, corroborations or corrections. This means, in theory, someone who has no Hispanic ances-tors could identify as Hispanic and that’s how they would be counted. Q. Has the Census Bureau changed the way it counts Hispan-ics? A. The first year the Census Bu-reau asked everybody in the country about Hispanic ethnicity was in 1980. Some efforts took place be-fore then to count people that today would be considered Hispanic. In the 1930 census, for example, an at-tempt to count Hispanics appeared as part of the race question, which had a category for “Mexican.”

The first major attempt to esti-mate the size of the nation’s Hispan-ic population came in 1970 and pro-duced widespread concerns among Hispanic organizations about an undercount. A portion of the U.S. population (5%) was asked if their origin or descent was from the fol-lowing categories: “Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, Other Spanish,” and “No, none of these.” This approach had problems, among them an under-count of about 1 million Hispanics. One reason for this is that many second-generation Hispanics did not select one of the Hispanic groups because the question did not include terms like “Mexican American.” The question wording also resulted in hundreds of thousands of people liv-ing in the south or central regions of the U.S. to be mistakenly included in the “Central or South American” category. By 1980, the current approach – in which someone is asked if they are Hispanic – had taken hold, with some tweaks made to the question and response categories since then. In 2000, for example, the term “La-tino” was added to make the ques-tion read, “Is this person Spanish/Hispanic/Latino?” In recent years, the Census Bureau has studied an alternative approach to counting Hispanics that combines the ques-tions that ask about Hispanic origin and race. However, this change will not appear in the 2020 census.

www.latinotimes.orgDecember 2019 7

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Pelosi orders to write charges against Trump for “abuse of power” for his “personal benefit” Nancy Pelosi, president of the House of Representatives in Congress, today formally requested the legislators to write the charges for the impeach-ment process against the president, Donald Trump, whom he accused of “abuse of power” for his “personal ben-efit “ “Our democracy is at stake. The president leaves us no other option, ”said Pelosi in an intervention from Congress in which he remarked that“ the president abused his power for his own personal political benefit at the expense of the national security ”of the United States. The Democrats are accelerating the process to vote on the dismissal of the 45th president around Christmas,

a situation that Pelosi hoped to avoid, but now seems inevitable. Three specialists in constitutional law said Wednesday before the Judicial Commission of the Lower House that Trump’s attempts to get the Ukrainian government to investigate his Demo-cratic rivals underpin a political trial. In the lower house, the Democrats say they do their duty, while the Re-publicans describe the entire process as a fraud. Meanwhile, in the upper house, senators from both parties quietly con-ferred, preparing for a possible Trump trial. Impeachment: The three “serious crimes” for which experts point to Trump

Pelosi ordena redactar cargos contra Trump por “abuso de poder” para su “beneficio personal” “Nuestra democracia está en juego. El presidente no nos deja otra opción”, dijo Pelosi en una intervención desde el Congreso en la que remarcó que “el presidente abusó de su poder para su propio beneficio político personal a expensas de la seguridad nacional” de EEUU. Los Demócratas están acelerando el proceso para votar sobre la destitución del 45to presidente alrededor de Navi-dad, una situación que Pelosi esperaba evitar, pero que ahora parece inevitable. Tres especialistas en derecho con-

stitucional declararon el miércoles ante la Comisión Judicial de la Cámara Baja que los intentos de Trump de lograr que el gobierno ucraniano investigara a sus rivales Demócratas fundamentan un juicio político. En la Cámara baja, los Demócratas dicen que cumplen con su deber, en tanto los Republicanos califican todo el proceso como un fraude. En tanto, en la cámara alta, sena-dores de ambos partidos conferenciaron discretamente, preparándose para un eventual juicio a Trump.

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Congratulations to Sugar Mediterranean Bistro on their first year anniversary. Juan Alonzo and his staff wish to thank the community for their continued support. They look forward to helping you make your private and fundraising events a success at Sugar.

Sugar Celebrates 1 Year!

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Publisher Andrew Ysiano received the La Raza Award on behalf of Latino Times for their commitment in providing local news throughout the Central Valley at El Concilio’s 2019 San Joaquin Gala. The annual gala was held on November 22nd at Hutchins Street Square, Lodi with over 300 attendees. As a leading publication in the Central Valley moving into their 20th year in 2020, they wish to thank the community, readers and business partners for their strong support. Latino Times looks forward to seeing you at their kickoff party in April. Congratulations also goes out to William Trezza, Judge Xapuri Villapudua and Mercedes Silveira on their awards and for their strong leadership in the community.

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San Joaquin General Hospital Opens New Acute Care Wing French Camp, CA- San Joaquin General Hospital will host a Grand Opening December 9th of its new 34,000 square foot acute care wing. The new state-of-the-art two story acute care building connects to the South of the main entrance to the hospital The hospital’s new wing addition will add another 45 hospital beds with the first floor featuring a fully modern-ized 25 bed Neonatal intensive care unit and the second floor will contain 20 upgraded medical-surgical-telemetry beds. The new wing will offer accom-modations to patients in fully modern and furnished private rooms. The new facility will enhance the Hospital’s abil-ity to set higher than industry quality care standards and offer a new higher level of patient privacy. The new addi-tion will also feature upgraded security, a fully modern nurse call communica-tion system with the industry’s highest level of patient monitoring technology. Attractive art decorates the rooms, hall-

ways and common areas. The project broke ground in March of 2017 and was officially titled: Phase 2 Acute Care Patient Wing expan-sion. This past Summer The Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) gave final approval to the initial Phase 2 expan-sion. Construction was awarded to the Sacramento firm of Otto Construc-tion along with the firms of AECOM (managing the construction phases), as well as, architects Hammel Green and Abrahamson providing construction administration and project planning. The entire construction and expansion costs for the new Acute Care Wing have been approved and supported by the San Joaquin Board of Supervisors and County administration. The new wing will function as a modern replacement for some of the Hospital’s services, which are still being provided in the original brick “tower building” constructed in 1934. The

historic tower will remain on-site for some administration, record storage and other duties unrelated to direct pa-tient services. The new acute care wing is another positive step for the Hospital to advance to higher degrees of trauma

center accreditation in the near future. The new Acute Care Wing addition increases San Joaquin General Hospi-tal’s ability to provide the highest level of medical care to local San Joaquin County residents.

Dos organizaciones de cine docu-mental con sede en Estados Unidos pre-sentaron una demanda este jueves en un tribunal federal en Washington, D.C. para desafiar la política del gobierno del presidente Donald Trump de revisar las redes sociales de quienes solicitan visas. La Asociación Internacional de Doc-umentalistas y la Sociedad Doc lideran la demanda contra el Departamento de Estado y al Departamento de Seguridad

Nacional (DHS), argumentando que sus miembros internacionales están “preocu-pados de que se utilizarán sus opiniones políticas contra ellos durante el proceso de la visa”. La demanda está acompañada por el Knight First Amendment Institute de la Universidad de Columbia y el Centro Brennan para la Justicia en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Nueva York. “Se autocensuran para evitar ser aso-

ciados con ideas controvertidas o temas delicados”, se afirma en la queja. La demanda se sustenta en una encuesta hecha a más de 100 cineastas internacionales que revelaron reducir su participación en redes sociales, por te-mor a ser marcados por el DHS y tener problemas de ingreso a los EEUU. Fue en junio cuando se presentó la nueva política del Departamento de Estado que obliga a cualquier persona

que solicite una visa a dar a conocer sus cuentas en al menos 20 plataformas, in-cluidas Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, Reddit, entre otras. Abogados indican que la nueva política también impacta a varios tipos de inmigrantes, incluyendo a quienes solicitan permisos laborales, como las visas H-1B, H-2A, J, L, así como a estu-diantes y a quienes pidan cualquier tipo de visa no solo de viaje temporal.

Demandan a Administración Trump por exigir revisión de redes sociales durante solicitudes de visas

www.latinotimes.orgDecember 2019 11

Farmworkercontinued from Page 3

Stockton Has High Concentration of Physically Demanding Jobs While physically strenuous jobs are less common than in previous decades, they are still an important part of the U.S. economy, representing approximately 10 percent of jobs. Among major work categories, Protec-tive Services occupations—which include firefighters, detectives, and correction offi-cers—are the most physically demanding. According to the BLS, 43 percent of all jobs in this category require heavy or very heavy work. This category is followed by Construction and Extraction occupations and Installation and Repair. Despite the strenuous work, physically demanding jobs pay almost $6,300 (12 percent) less per year than jobs that are not considered physically demanding. This re-lationship holds across metropolitan areas, with a strong negative correlation between the proportion of physically demanding jobs in a metropolitan area and the mean wage paid there. However, jobs requiring strenuous physical work often only require a high school diploma or less. When adjusting for educational attainment, workers in physi-cally demanding jobs tend to earn more than workers with similar levels of educa-tion in other jobs. Surprisingly, occupations requiring hard physical work are more common in metropolitan areas with fewer young people (18- to 24-year-olds). This is likely a reflection of both higher educational at-tainment among today’s young adults and a job market that’s shifting towards high-tech jobs.

Given geographic differences in em-ployment, researchers at Effortless Insur-ance wanted to find which metropolitan areas have the largest share of workers in physically demanding jobs. The analysts combined data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census to examine these trends. Based on this data, Stockton-Lodi, CA ranks 6th out of all midsize U.S. metros. Here is a summary of the data for the Stockton, CA metro: • Share of workers in physically de-manding jobs: 11.7% • Average wage for physically demand-ing jobs: $48,181 • Average wage for all occupations: $48,980 • Total employment in protective ser-vices: 6,450 • Total employment in construction & extraction: 10,210 • Total employment in installation & repair: 10,030 • For reference, here are the statistics for the entire United States: • Share of workers in physically de-manding jobs: 9.7% • Average wage for physically demand-ing jobs: $45,648 • Average wage for all occupations: $51,960 • Total employment in protective ser-vices: 3,437,410 • Total employment in construction & extraction: 5,962,640 • Total employment in installation & repair: 5,628,880

Health Plan San Joaquin Expedites Access to Benefits & Prescriptions (French Camp, CA) – Health Plan of San Joaquin (HPSJ) has set up streamlined access to benefits and prescriptions for any of its members who may be impacted during this fire season. HPSJ is reaching out to mem-bers with the information found in the HPSJ Resource Center, at https://www.hpsj.com/safe/. HPSJ is taking these steps so that members who may be impacted by these disasters are able to have ready access to medical services and prescriptions they might need, and so that all members and HPSJ provid-ers are aware of how they can add this information to their planning in the event of impacts from the current fire season.

IMPORTANT HEALTH MESSAGE FOR EVERYONE – get Your Flu shot!The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that everyone six months and older be vac-cinated against the flu. It’s especially important that people at high risk for getting complications from the flu – such as pneumonia – get the vaccine. That high risk group includes kids younger than five years old, adults 65 and older, pregnant women, and people who have chronic health condi-tions, such as asthma, diabetes or heart disease. You can get the vaccine any time during flu season – just be sure and get it as early as you can.

allows an individual who committed immigration fraud or who falsely rep-resented themselves as a U.S. citizen on a Form I-9 to still be eligible to apply for a certified agricultural worker sta-tus,” Rep. Debbie Lesko, R-Peoria, said Wednesday. Both sides agree that American farmers are in desperate need of more foreign workers, despite regular increases in the number of H-2A visas issued for seasonal agricultural workers. The La-bor Department issued 242,762 such visas in fiscal 2018 and 257,667 in fis-cal 2019 – about 9,000 fewer than the number requested each year. More than 300 trade and labor groups, including at least four Arizona-based agricultural organizations, wrote a letter in support of the bill this week and urged the House to pass it in order to “continue producing an abundant, safe, and affordable food supply.” But not everyone is fully on board. Republicans made sure to point out that the American Farm Bureau is opposed to the bill. Arizona Farm Bureau President Stefanie Smallhouse said she agrees with that part of the bill that would let tem-porary workers adjust their residency status, but said the bill presents other problems. “The wage structure is very compli-cated and unsustainable,” Smallhouse said Thursday. “The other issue is that it opens up farmer ranch families to frivolous-type lawsuits and that’s not

something we can support.” Smallhouse said the number of ex-tra visas the bill provides would not be enough to fill all the farmworker jobs in Arizona, let alone nationwide, where she said the agriculture industry could use another 500,000 workers. “There’s nothing to address the problem in the future and so that’s one of the biggest issues,” Smallhouse said. “We need to have a continuing flow of legal visa programs, not just a Band-Aid.” Farmworker Justice, one of the groups that helped negotiate the bill, agreed that it isn’t perfect but it’s an important first step toward a secure and stable farm labor force – in part by giv-ing workers additional legal protections. “Removing the threat of immigra-tion enforcement would reduce the stress on farmworker families and the disruptions of farming businesses,” the group said in a statement Thursday. “Legal status would help farmworkers improve their wages and working con-ditions.” But critics said that even if the bill gets out of the three other committees that have to approve it and is passed by the full House, it is as good as dead in the GOP-controlled Senate. “The bill allows aliens with multiple DUI convictions and charges to get am-nesty,” said Rep. Doug Collins, R-Ga. “It forgives Social Security fraud and rewards aliens who engage in such fraud with a path to U.S. citizenship.”

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que hablara en la prisión estatal de Soledad. Serna se sorprendió cuando cientos de presos, de los cuales muchos eran hispanos, escucharon su mensaje motivador y luego se alinearon para hacer preguntas. Ella vio de primera mano que los latinos estaban siendo almacenados en el sistema legal debido al racismo y la falta de educación, ha-bilidades lingüísticas y recursos finan-cieros que necesitaban para defenderse. Serna había trabajado brevemente en el salón de menores, pero después de visitar Soledad decidió que podía hacer más por su comunidad como abogada. “Siempre he tenido un corazón para aquellos que no tienen educación y están subrepresentados,” dijo Serna, “y aquellas personas que han sido dis-criminadas por su color de piel.” En 1974, Serna se graduó de la universidad del estado de San José y se matriculó en la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Golden Gate. Ella era la única mexicoamericana, se enfrentó a la discriminación de los instructores y jueces que se criaron una generación antes, pero no cedió. Ella era demasia-do dura. Su ética de trabajo, resistencia y empatía se habían forjado a una edad temprana cosechando los campos del Valle Central junto a sus seis herma-nos y padres, Angie y Rosendo Serna, quienes proporcionaron a la familia comida, refugio, educación y amor, a pesar de sus escasos salarios. “Por eso trabajo tan duro, por mis

padres,” dijo Jessie Serna. “Nos hicieron ir, pero nunca nos sacaron de la escuela. Ellos nos protegieron. Hasta el día de hoy me siento muy protegida y segura. Hicieron un gran trabajo.” Mientras estaba en la escuela de leyes, Serna continuó trabajando con la Unión de Campesinos y organizó una recaudación de fondos con la legendaria activista Dolores Huerta como invitada. Una vez que Serna se graduó de la fac-ultad de derecho, comenzó su práctica privada de derecho en San José para servir a la comunidad de habla hispana. Su vida cambió repentinamente cuando Rudy Ochoa entró en su vida. Después de tomar el caso, Serna demandó al condado de Santa Clara, a los médicos y enfermeras del salón de menores de San José, todos los que tuvieron contacto con Rudy. El con-dado de Santa Clara llevó a cabo una investigación del gran jurado, que llevó a todos los que descuidaron a Rudy a ser despedido. Pero Serna no estaba satisfecha. Citó numerosas causas ci-viles de acción, incluidas violaciones de los derechos civiles. Los jueces que presidieron descartaron las causas de ac-ción, además de la negligencia médica/muerte injusta. No satisfecha, Serna llevó el caso ante el Tribunal de Apela-ciones, que otorgó algunas pero no todas las causas de acción. “Dije, ‘No’,” dijo Serna. “Tengo que tenerlo todo.” Serna luego llevó el primer caso de

su vida a la Corte Suprema de Califor-nia frente a la juez Rose Byrd. Quizás por primera vez, Serna tenía algunas mariposas. “Allí, estaba un poco nerviosa porque ahora este es el gran momento,” dijo. “Tenía alrededor de los 20 y tan-tos años, pero recién había salido de la facultad de derecho y este fue mi primer caso.” Los grandes bufetes se pusieron en contacto con los Ochoas para ridiculizar a Serna como novata, diciendo que podían hacer más por ellos. Pero los Ochoas se quedaron con Serna porque ella estaba allí desde el principio y ellos no. La Corte Suprema del Estado escuchó la queja y le otorgó a Serna todas sus causas de acción. El caso fue remitido a la corte de primera instan-cia. El día que comenzaría el juicio, con tres bufetes de abogados de defensa alineados contra una nueva abogada, el caso de Rudy Ochoa, et al., Contra el Condado de Santa Clara se resolvió por una suma no revelada. Serna también hizo un reclamo por la angustia emo-cional de los padres. Ella también lo consiguió. Serna dijo que los abogados le dijeron que habían citado a Ochoa v. Condado de Santa Clara en casos de abuso de ancianos. “Nos tomó cinco años pasar de conseguir el caso a ganar el caso en la Corte Suprema,” dijo Serna. “Entonces, después de eso, cada caso para mí fue pan comido.” El acuerdo puso a Serna en el mapa proverbial y su práctica despegó. Ella acepta casos criminales de vez en cu-

ando, pero prefiere lesiones personales, negligencia médica y muerte injusta. Serna es ex presidente de Los Abo-gados de La Raza en el Condado de San Joaquín, ex presidente de los Abogados Litigantes en el Condado de Santa Clara y ha estado en la Junta de Gober-nadores de los Abogados del Consumi-dor del Estado de abogados de lesiones personales que representan a personas contra grandes corporaciones. Serna estuvo casada con el abogado penal Daniel V. Hernández durante 20 años hasta que falleció hace unos 16 años. Ella tiene dos hijos, Ignacio Hernández y Daniel Serna Hernández. Serna alienta a las personas de las comunidades étnicas a aferrarse a su lengua materna y estudiar leyes. Ella cree en empoderar a los menos afortu-nados a través de la ley y espera algún día tener suficiente tiempo libre para ser un orador motivador. Pero a los 67 años, aunque es un bufete de abogados de una sola persona, Serna disfruta de-masiado de su trabajo para frenar. “Todavía me emociono todos los días para ir a trabajar,” dijo Serna. “Ese es mi papel en la vida – ayudar a cual-quiera que pueda.” Serna practica leyes en San José y también tiene una oficina de abogados en Stockton, donde reside su gran fa-milia. “Me siento muy cerca de Stockton,” dijo. “Tengo raíces aquí. Vengo aquí todo el tiempo porque mi familia está aquí y disfruto ayudando a los residen-tes con sus casos legales. Nunca he per-dido la conexión a Stockton.”

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My name is Blanca Chavez and I am the proud owner of a Farmers Insurance Agency, located in Stockton, CA. I was born in Guanajuato, Mexico. Although I am proud of my Mexican heritage, I admit my childhood years were taxing. Being the second oldest in a poor family with 4 siblings, grow-ing up was not easy. From the young age of 7, I financially supported my family in order to provide my siblings and me the ability to eat and continue our education. To earn an income, my brother and I would accompany our parents to the town dump in the early morning hours to collect recyclables for reimburse-ment. We would also sell tacos and lemonade on the streets of Mexico. For a while this was our only source of income. Afterwards, we would complete our household chores and attend school in the afternoon. Despite these burdens, I graduated from elementary school with honors as I was always at the head of my class. I have always strived to perform at my personal best. In 1991, at the young age of 16 years, I immigrated to beautiful Cali-fornia here in The United States of America. Shortly thereafter, I gave birth to my first child, a beauti-ful baby girl who I named Wendy. Despite the fact that I was a teenage mother with an elementary education, I was eager to learn so I pursued a high school education by enrolling in

a school that provided child care and bus transportation. Unfortunately the school closed and I was forced to find alternative options for my education. Although I was discouraged, I am glad I did not give up as I successfully completed my GED program. Even with my education, gaining employ-ment is challenging without previous work experience, so I started from the bottom and sold flowers and fruit at street corners, and did farm work and home cleaning to supplement my in-come. I was blessed by a woman who helped me prepare to get my first job at a furniture manufacturer where I was able to develop many job skills. After a few years, when there was no op-portunity for further growth or higher income, I began to seek other jobs. I then worked for Mark Shubert, a Farmers Insurance agent, for 16 years as a licensed agent. I was blessed to have him as a mentor and together we managed to grow the agency. My biggest career leap came when Mark decided to retire. In August 2017, I bought the agency from Mark and be-came the sole proprietor. I will admit, it has been a challenging journey navi-gating the waters as a first-generation business owner, but it has also been very rewarding. To have a successful business, it takes faith, determination, discipline, and a positive attitude regardless of the state of the economy.  I truly believe that a master never stops training. I am

proud and blessed to be the first busi-ness owner in my family. I say true suc-cess is not determined by your wealth, but for whom you’re becoming, how you share your blessings, and the purity of your heart. As a woman of faith, I give all honor and glory to The Lord Jesus Christ for all the things I have accomplished and for who I am today. Now, my goal is to help the com-munity understand the benefits of insurance and how to properly be in-sured. I offer advice on a large range of insurance products designed to protect the life that you worked hard to build. Remember that you do not have to be a millionaire to get sued like one. Are you properly insured? What is the right type and adequate coverage

amount for you?  “My dear people, never give up in life, never give up on your dreams. But if life throws you a curveball, then have new dreams. We can’t control how the cards are dealt, but we can choose to learn and enjoy the game. Most of all love and cherish your loved ones. Our time on Earth is brief; our days are numbered. So let us use our days wisely, making a difference while we can. Keep in mind that true peace, love and joy, cannot be obtained through money and possessions. Leaving a legacy of faith, hope and love, is more valuable than all of earth’s tangible treasures so be patient, humble, wise and love without end. ”

Chavez is a true Mexican-American success story

These Healthy, Low-Calorie Breakfasts Will Keep You Full and Energized All Morning By Lauren Krouse If you’re trying to slim down, maintain your current weight, or quit your drive-thru coffee-and-donut habit, you might be tempted to skip breakfast or drastically cut down (hello, tiny yogurt cup!). However, a healthy, low-calorie breakfast shouldn’t be torturous or unfulfilling. After all, if you deprive yourself in the morning, you’ll likely overeat by the time lunch rolls around. While the definition of “low-calorie” de-pends on multiple factors including your weight, height, and activity level, a good target range for a low-calorie breakfast is 300 to 350 calories if you’re headed for a desk job, or 350 to 450 calories if you have a more ac-tive morning ahead, says Susan Bowerman, R.D., C.S.S.D., senior director of Worldwide Nutrition Education and Training at Herb-alife Nutrition. To keep hunger at bay, make sure you’re getting in the optimum balance of macronutrients as well. Cereal with skim milk and a banana might fit your calorie target, but it won’t provide the high-quality protein, fiber, and healthy fats you need to stay satiated for hours, notes Lauren Harris-Pincus, R.D., author of The Protein-Packed Breakfast Club.Aim for at least 20 grams of protein (think: about ¾ cup of cottage cheese or Greek yogurt or 3 eggs), 8 grams of fiber (a cup of raspberries, blueberries, or oatmeal), and about 10 grams of healthy fat (1 Tbsp of nut butter, 2 tsp of olive oil, or ⅓ of an avocado). If that sounds like more than you were expecting, remember: Your break-fast should be about the same size as lunch and dinner, and it’s easy to underestimate how much you need to eat in the morning, especially when you’re cutting calories, says

Bowerman. Ready to treat breakfast like the most important (and delicious) meal of the day? Read on to discover 30 dietitian-approved, low-calorie breakfast ideas that will keep you full all morning long. If you’re trying to slim down, maintain your current weight, or quit your drive-thru coffee-and-donut habit, you might be tempt-ed to skip breakfast or drastically cut down (hello, tiny yogurt cup!). However, a healthy, low-calorie breakfast shouldn’t be torturous or unfulfilling. After all, if you deprive yourself in the morning, you’ll likely overeat by the time lunch rolls around. While the definition of “low-calorie” depends on multiple factors including your weight, height, and activity level, a good target range for a low-calorie breakfast is 300 to 350 calories if you’re headed for a desk job, or 350 to 450 calories if you have a more ac-tive morning ahead, says Susan Bowerman, R.D., C.S.S.D., senior director of Worldwide Nutrition Education and Training at Herbalife Nutrition. To keep hunger at bay, make sure you’re getting in the optimum balance of macro-nutrients as well. Cereal with skim milk and a banana might fit your calorie target, but it won’t provide the high-quality protein, fiber, and healthy fats you need to stay satiated for hours, notes Lauren Harris-Pincus, R.D., au-thor of The Protein-Packed Breakfast Club. Aim for at least 20 grams of protein (think: about ¾ cup of cottage cheese or Greek yogurt or 3 eggs), 8 grams of fiber (a cup of raspberries, blueberries, or oatmeal), and about 10 grams of healthy fat (1 Tbsp of nut butter, 2 tsp of olive oil, or ⅓ of an avo-cado).

www.latinotimes.orgDecember 2019 15

Jose Nuño Appointed Vice Mayor, City of Manteca, CA MANTECA, CA - Jose Nuño was ap-pointed Vice Mayor, City of Manteca, CA by the City Council on Tuesday; 12/3/19. Jose was elected to the City Council in 2018 becoming the first Manteca Coun-cilman that’s a first-generation American in modern city history. Jose was born in Guadalajara, Mexico, and moved to the United States at a young age. He gradu-ated from Oakdale High School and is a first-generation American to graduate from college. He holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Psychology from California State Uni-versity, Stanislaus and a Master’s Degree in Public Administration from his alma mater. Jose also served 8 years in the U.S. Army Reserve. Besides his council involvement he also is the Vice President of Programs and Services at Visionary Home Builders of California Inc., (VHB) a nonprofit afford-able housing developer & HUD-approved housing counseling agency in Stockton, CA. He’s worked for VHB for more than 14 years & has directly overseen numer-ous single & multi-family development projects covering all phases of acquisition, financing, rehabilitation, lease-up and operations. Jose has also overseen home-

buyer education/certification for first-time homebuyers, foreclosure counseling, VHB’s Rent-to-Own program and man-aging the assets of VHB’s $150 million real estate portfolio located within five (5) counties in California. Currently, Jose oversees the agency’s programs and services which include: financial capabilities/education, home-ownership, rental counseling and pilot programs. Jose is actively involved in many or-ganizations. He is/has been a member of and served on numerous boards and com-mittees, including: Manteca Chamber of Commerce, Manteca Rotary International, The American Legion, League of California Cities Executive Committee of the Central Valley, San Joaquin Area Flood Control Agency (SJAFCA), San Joaquin Council of Governments (SJCOG), National Associa-tion of Latino Elected and Appointed Offi-cials (NALEO), City of Manteca Planning Commission, Housing California, League of United Latin American Citizens, City of Stockton Mayor’s Task Force on Persons with Disabilities, CSU Stanislaus - Stockton Center, Advisory Committee, Leadership Stockton Alumni Association, California

Coalition for Rural Housing Internship Program and The Great Valley Center’s Institute for the Development of Emerging Area Leaders.

Jose and his wife, Gabriela, moved to Manteca; her home town, after they were married in 2006 where they are raising their two children.

www.latinotimes.org December 201916

Truckin’ intothe new year

W i n a 2 0 2 0 g m c s i e r r a

Wednesday, January 1 • 6 p.m. to 8 p.m.

Win a2020 gmc sierra!

Every Friday and Saturdayin December • 6 p.m. to 10 p.m.

A natural disaster can impact your health as well as the health of your loved ones. Take precaution! Follow the simple steps below in case of an emergency:

PLAN AHEAD FOR DISASTERS

For more helpful tips visit www.hpsj.com/safe

What kind of disasters could our community face?

WildfiresEarthquakesFloodsPower

Outage

Keeping your health in mind –

• Keep your prescribed medications and battery reliant health care tools nearby.

• Keep your insurance cards with you at all times.• Keep refrigerated medications cool, but do not use ice.• For questions about medications and guidance

on storing insulins, call your local drugstore to ask a pharmacist.