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Jack Carter Eli Cough
Rosie Henry Lisa LeBlanc
bull He was born into a Jewish family in
Budapest Hungary on January 15 1908
bull He was a mathematical prodigy
bull He went to Germany in 1926 as a young
student and began studying Chemical
Engineering
bull He transferred to university of Munich in
1928 to study quantum mechanics
bull He graduated in chemical engineering at the
University of Karlsruhe
bull He went to the University of Leipzig and
received his doctorate in physics in 1930
bull He took his first job as a research consultant
at the University of Gottingen
bull He published a paper on the ldquoHydrogen
Molecular Ionrdquo
bull Adolf Hitler came to power so Teller emigrate
to Denmark in 1934 here he joined the
Institution of Theoretical Physics
bull At the Institution of Theoretical Physics he
met Nick Bohr who lead a secret of young
scientist attempting to unlock the atom
At Bohrrsquos institute Teller met physicist George Gamow
George Gamow and Teller went different ways Teller went to work at the University of London and Gamow went to work at George Washington University
Gamow invited Teller to join him in Washington DC Teller accepted the invitation and went to the United States in 1935 he became a US citizen in 1941
Teller worked with Gamow they created the
Gamow-Teller rules for classifying subatomic
particle behavior in radioactive decay
They also attempted to apply the atomic
phenomena to astrophysics
He thought he was going to have a quiet
academic life but the events in Europe
interfered
bull Szilard always thought about using nuclear
energy knew how when they discovered
how to split the atom
bull Teller drove Szilard to Einsteinrsquos summer
house to convince him to sign a letter written
to Roosevelt to do atomic bomb research
(before WW2) Einstein signed it
bull Roosevelt called together a meeting and
asked teller to bring Fermi he refused to
come but told teller to tell the group to make
a nuclear reactor
bull Szilard and Fermi didnrsquot get along Teller was
friends with both he was there since the
start in 1939
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull He was born into a Jewish family in
Budapest Hungary on January 15 1908
bull He was a mathematical prodigy
bull He went to Germany in 1926 as a young
student and began studying Chemical
Engineering
bull He transferred to university of Munich in
1928 to study quantum mechanics
bull He graduated in chemical engineering at the
University of Karlsruhe
bull He went to the University of Leipzig and
received his doctorate in physics in 1930
bull He took his first job as a research consultant
at the University of Gottingen
bull He published a paper on the ldquoHydrogen
Molecular Ionrdquo
bull Adolf Hitler came to power so Teller emigrate
to Denmark in 1934 here he joined the
Institution of Theoretical Physics
bull At the Institution of Theoretical Physics he
met Nick Bohr who lead a secret of young
scientist attempting to unlock the atom
At Bohrrsquos institute Teller met physicist George Gamow
George Gamow and Teller went different ways Teller went to work at the University of London and Gamow went to work at George Washington University
Gamow invited Teller to join him in Washington DC Teller accepted the invitation and went to the United States in 1935 he became a US citizen in 1941
Teller worked with Gamow they created the
Gamow-Teller rules for classifying subatomic
particle behavior in radioactive decay
They also attempted to apply the atomic
phenomena to astrophysics
He thought he was going to have a quiet
academic life but the events in Europe
interfered
bull Szilard always thought about using nuclear
energy knew how when they discovered
how to split the atom
bull Teller drove Szilard to Einsteinrsquos summer
house to convince him to sign a letter written
to Roosevelt to do atomic bomb research
(before WW2) Einstein signed it
bull Roosevelt called together a meeting and
asked teller to bring Fermi he refused to
come but told teller to tell the group to make
a nuclear reactor
bull Szilard and Fermi didnrsquot get along Teller was
friends with both he was there since the
start in 1939
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull He went to Germany in 1926 as a young
student and began studying Chemical
Engineering
bull He transferred to university of Munich in
1928 to study quantum mechanics
bull He graduated in chemical engineering at the
University of Karlsruhe
bull He went to the University of Leipzig and
received his doctorate in physics in 1930
bull He took his first job as a research consultant
at the University of Gottingen
bull He published a paper on the ldquoHydrogen
Molecular Ionrdquo
bull Adolf Hitler came to power so Teller emigrate
to Denmark in 1934 here he joined the
Institution of Theoretical Physics
bull At the Institution of Theoretical Physics he
met Nick Bohr who lead a secret of young
scientist attempting to unlock the atom
At Bohrrsquos institute Teller met physicist George Gamow
George Gamow and Teller went different ways Teller went to work at the University of London and Gamow went to work at George Washington University
Gamow invited Teller to join him in Washington DC Teller accepted the invitation and went to the United States in 1935 he became a US citizen in 1941
Teller worked with Gamow they created the
Gamow-Teller rules for classifying subatomic
particle behavior in radioactive decay
They also attempted to apply the atomic
phenomena to astrophysics
He thought he was going to have a quiet
academic life but the events in Europe
interfered
bull Szilard always thought about using nuclear
energy knew how when they discovered
how to split the atom
bull Teller drove Szilard to Einsteinrsquos summer
house to convince him to sign a letter written
to Roosevelt to do atomic bomb research
(before WW2) Einstein signed it
bull Roosevelt called together a meeting and
asked teller to bring Fermi he refused to
come but told teller to tell the group to make
a nuclear reactor
bull Szilard and Fermi didnrsquot get along Teller was
friends with both he was there since the
start in 1939
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull He went to the University of Leipzig and
received his doctorate in physics in 1930
bull He took his first job as a research consultant
at the University of Gottingen
bull He published a paper on the ldquoHydrogen
Molecular Ionrdquo
bull Adolf Hitler came to power so Teller emigrate
to Denmark in 1934 here he joined the
Institution of Theoretical Physics
bull At the Institution of Theoretical Physics he
met Nick Bohr who lead a secret of young
scientist attempting to unlock the atom
At Bohrrsquos institute Teller met physicist George Gamow
George Gamow and Teller went different ways Teller went to work at the University of London and Gamow went to work at George Washington University
Gamow invited Teller to join him in Washington DC Teller accepted the invitation and went to the United States in 1935 he became a US citizen in 1941
Teller worked with Gamow they created the
Gamow-Teller rules for classifying subatomic
particle behavior in radioactive decay
They also attempted to apply the atomic
phenomena to astrophysics
He thought he was going to have a quiet
academic life but the events in Europe
interfered
bull Szilard always thought about using nuclear
energy knew how when they discovered
how to split the atom
bull Teller drove Szilard to Einsteinrsquos summer
house to convince him to sign a letter written
to Roosevelt to do atomic bomb research
(before WW2) Einstein signed it
bull Roosevelt called together a meeting and
asked teller to bring Fermi he refused to
come but told teller to tell the group to make
a nuclear reactor
bull Szilard and Fermi didnrsquot get along Teller was
friends with both he was there since the
start in 1939
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull He published a paper on the ldquoHydrogen
Molecular Ionrdquo
bull Adolf Hitler came to power so Teller emigrate
to Denmark in 1934 here he joined the
Institution of Theoretical Physics
bull At the Institution of Theoretical Physics he
met Nick Bohr who lead a secret of young
scientist attempting to unlock the atom
At Bohrrsquos institute Teller met physicist George Gamow
George Gamow and Teller went different ways Teller went to work at the University of London and Gamow went to work at George Washington University
Gamow invited Teller to join him in Washington DC Teller accepted the invitation and went to the United States in 1935 he became a US citizen in 1941
Teller worked with Gamow they created the
Gamow-Teller rules for classifying subatomic
particle behavior in radioactive decay
They also attempted to apply the atomic
phenomena to astrophysics
He thought he was going to have a quiet
academic life but the events in Europe
interfered
bull Szilard always thought about using nuclear
energy knew how when they discovered
how to split the atom
bull Teller drove Szilard to Einsteinrsquos summer
house to convince him to sign a letter written
to Roosevelt to do atomic bomb research
(before WW2) Einstein signed it
bull Roosevelt called together a meeting and
asked teller to bring Fermi he refused to
come but told teller to tell the group to make
a nuclear reactor
bull Szilard and Fermi didnrsquot get along Teller was
friends with both he was there since the
start in 1939
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
At Bohrrsquos institute Teller met physicist George Gamow
George Gamow and Teller went different ways Teller went to work at the University of London and Gamow went to work at George Washington University
Gamow invited Teller to join him in Washington DC Teller accepted the invitation and went to the United States in 1935 he became a US citizen in 1941
Teller worked with Gamow they created the
Gamow-Teller rules for classifying subatomic
particle behavior in radioactive decay
They also attempted to apply the atomic
phenomena to astrophysics
He thought he was going to have a quiet
academic life but the events in Europe
interfered
bull Szilard always thought about using nuclear
energy knew how when they discovered
how to split the atom
bull Teller drove Szilard to Einsteinrsquos summer
house to convince him to sign a letter written
to Roosevelt to do atomic bomb research
(before WW2) Einstein signed it
bull Roosevelt called together a meeting and
asked teller to bring Fermi he refused to
come but told teller to tell the group to make
a nuclear reactor
bull Szilard and Fermi didnrsquot get along Teller was
friends with both he was there since the
start in 1939
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
Teller worked with Gamow they created the
Gamow-Teller rules for classifying subatomic
particle behavior in radioactive decay
They also attempted to apply the atomic
phenomena to astrophysics
He thought he was going to have a quiet
academic life but the events in Europe
interfered
bull Szilard always thought about using nuclear
energy knew how when they discovered
how to split the atom
bull Teller drove Szilard to Einsteinrsquos summer
house to convince him to sign a letter written
to Roosevelt to do atomic bomb research
(before WW2) Einstein signed it
bull Roosevelt called together a meeting and
asked teller to bring Fermi he refused to
come but told teller to tell the group to make
a nuclear reactor
bull Szilard and Fermi didnrsquot get along Teller was
friends with both he was there since the
start in 1939
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull Szilard always thought about using nuclear
energy knew how when they discovered
how to split the atom
bull Teller drove Szilard to Einsteinrsquos summer
house to convince him to sign a letter written
to Roosevelt to do atomic bomb research
(before WW2) Einstein signed it
bull Roosevelt called together a meeting and
asked teller to bring Fermi he refused to
come but told teller to tell the group to make
a nuclear reactor
bull Szilard and Fermi didnrsquot get along Teller was
friends with both he was there since the
start in 1939
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull Roosevelt called together a meeting and
asked teller to bring Fermi he refused to
come but told teller to tell the group to make
a nuclear reactor
bull Szilard and Fermi didnrsquot get along Teller was
friends with both he was there since the
start in 1939
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull Invited in 1942 to be part of Oppenheimerrsquos summer planning seminar at UC Berkeley for the origins of the Manhattan project
bull Arrived two months late to Chicago Metallurgical lab where he participated in the theoretical division
bull Moved to Los Alamos in 1943
bull While Teller was in Los Alamos Szilard was in Chicago and asked Teller to start a petition to just demonstrate the bomb not drop it
bull Oppenheimer refused Tellerrsquos request of the petition
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull First assignment was to brief incoming scientists
bull Constantly brought up discussion of a fusion
weapon that was suggested to him by Fermi
bull Discovered the method of implosion at high
pressure a less critical mass was needed
therefore pre-detonation problems with
plutonium were solved
bull Oppenheimer immediately set out work on this
implosion bomb
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull From 1943-1944 worked on
hydrodynamics of implosion and super
group theory
bull From 1944-1946 worked on only
General and Super group theory
bull Because Teller constantly brought up
the possibility of a ldquosuperrdquo bomb through
fusion that they set up a separate
division for him to focus on
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
Bethe remembers that he declined to take charge of the group which would perform the detailed calculation on the implosion and since the theoretical division was very shorthanded it was necessary to bring in new scientists to do the work that Teller declined to dordquo
bull Teller took offense to Bethe asking him to work on ldquoimpossible equationsrdquo beginning of the end of their friendship
bull Clashed with many scientists left los Alamos in 1946 and went to university of Chicago
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-1
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
After the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
Teller admits to having two immediate
regrets a ldquoweakrdquo regret and a ldquostrong
regretrdquo
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull Teller received a letter in July 1945 from fellow countryman Leo Szilard during Tellerrsquos time at Los Alamos regarding the moral implications of using an atomic bomb on Japan
bull Szilard requested that Teller sign and pass on a petition
bull Teller consulted Oppenheimer who turned down the request
bull Teller feels not signing or circulating Szilardrsquos petition as a weak regret because although he regrets allowing Oppenheimer to persuade him Szilard never personally asked for Tellerrsquos opinion on the matter
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
ldquoIt may very well be that the decision of the President whether or not to use atomic bombs in the war against Japan will largely be based on considerations of expediency On the basis of expediency many arguments could be put forward both for and against our use of atomic bombs against Japan Such arguments could be considered only within the framework of a thorough analysis of the situation which will face the United States after this war and it was felt that no useful purpose would be served by considering arguments of expediency in a short petitionrdquo-Leo Szilard July 1945
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull Several weeks before receiving Szilardrsquos letter Teller had conversations with Enrico Fermi regarding the possible demonstration of the bomb
bull Tellerrsquos regret was that he did not give more thought to this problem
bull Looking back Teller agrees ldquoa demonstration of an atomic bomb over Tokyo Bay where the emperor and the Japanese people would have seen it but the danger would have been minimalrdquo would have sufficed if the bomb was to work ldquoIf it does not go off then we have done nothingrdquo
bull Even to this day Teller does not regret the USE of the atomic bomb
bull Despite his two regrets he felt and still feels that there was no acceptable alternative to direct military use
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull Teller felt scientists and politics were to be
separate
bull The scientists are responsible for ldquothe
effectiveness of the tools and for the
understanding of the toolsrdquo but ldquonot for the
use of these toolsrdquo
bull In sum ldquoknowledge is good and must be
separate from the application of knowledgerdquo
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
ldquoI do not want the hydrogen bomb because it would kill more people I wanted the hydrogen bomb because it was new It was something we did not know but could know I am afraid of ignorancerdquo
Teller was strongly anti communist knew if US didnrsquot pursue a fusion bomb the Soviets would
video
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
Developed in 1951 by Teller and Stainslaw Ulam
Tellerrsquos original designs for thermonuclear bomb wouldnrsquot work Ulam came up with a design that would
Teller-Ulam design different parts of the weapon are chained together in steps detonation of each step provides energy to ignite the next
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
Tellerrsquos design worked beginning with an implosion fission bomb as the trigger
This was referred to as the ldquoprimaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This implosion fission bomb is the same as the implosion design used in the atomic bomb ldquoFat Manrdquo
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
After the implosion bomb goes off energy released in the form of X-rays compresses cylinder of ldquosecondaryrdquo section of the hydrogen bomb
This secondary section containing a U-238 shield and tamper around Lithium deuterateand a plutonium rod becomes compressed
The compression of the secondary by X-rays coming from the fission reaction is called radiation implosion
Because of the shape of the plutonium rod it is not a critical mass until it is compressed
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
The compressed plutonium rod undergoes fission further heating the compressed lithium deuterate to a temperature high enough to induce fusion
The fission of the plutonium rod supplies the neutrons that react with the lithium to create tritum for fusion
The tritum-deuterium (and also deuterium-deuterium) atoms collide and combine--the process called fusion--forming helium heat and radiation
All of this happens in 600 billionths of a second and the result is an explosion 700 times greater than the Little Boy explosion
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
Teller was called as a witness in Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance hearing
When asked if Teller believed Oppenheimer to be a security risk he responded
ldquoI have seen Dr Oppenheimer act in a way which for me was exceedingly hard to understand I thoroughly disagreed with him in numerous issues and his actions frankly appeared to me confused and complicated To this extent I feel I would like to see the vital interests of this country in hands which I understand better and therefore trust morerdquo
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
Oppenheimerrsquos security clearance was
revoked
Tellerrsquos former colleagues disagreed with his
testimony and he became an outcast among
his fellow scientists
Teller then began to work with
government and military on the
advancement of American technological
supremacy
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
Led a strong campaign for ldquoStar Warsrdquo traveling to different government agencies and countries
It was a system of satellites that used atomic weapons to fire lasers at incoming missiles
Traveled to Israel invited them to join SDI along with Japan West Germany Great Britain Italy and France
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
It was said that ldquo[Teller] deserves much of
the credit (or blame)hellipfor the failure of the
1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treatyrdquo
Teller strongly believed in continuing nuclear
research
httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel
0int-5
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory where he continued to work on nuclear development ( a friendly rival to the lab at Los Alamos)
Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley
Operation Plowshare non military use of explosives such as creating harbors
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
bull Edward died at his home on the Campus of
Stanford University at the age of 95
bull The date of his death was September 9
2003
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
ldquoEdward Teller (1908-2003)rdquo atomicarchivecom 2011 1 April 2011 httpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtmlhttpwwwatomicarchivecomBiosTellershtml
Edward Teller giant of the golden age of physics a biography by Stanley A Blumberg and Louis G PanosBlumberg Stanley ANew York Scribners c1990
Freudenrich Craig and John Fieller HowStuffWorks Fusion Bombs Howstuffworks Science Web 04 Apr 2011 httpsciencehowstuffworkscomnuclear-bomb6htm
Memoirs a twentieth-century journey in science and politics Edward Teller with Judith L ShooleryTeller Edward 1908-2003Cambridge Mass Perseus Pub c2001
Palevsky Mary Atomic Fragments a Daughters Questions Berkeley CA University of California 2000 Print
ldquoStatesmen of Sciencerdquo Academy of Achievement 28 September 2010 2 April 2011 httpwwwachievementorgautodocpagetel0int-1
Teller-Ulam Design Wikipediacom 2 Apr 2011 Web 4 Apr 2011httpenwikipediaorgwikiTellerE28093Ulam_design
