Eduworks Corporation The Global Framework for E-Learning What’s Hot and What’s Not Robby Robson President, Eduworks Corporation Chair, IEEE Learning Technology

Eduworks Corporation

The Global Framework for E-Learning

What’s Hot and What’s Not

Robby RobsonPresident, Eduworks CorporationChair, IEEE Learning Technology Standards Committee

[email protected]

3-Sep-03What's Hot and What's Not Page 2Eduworks Corporation

Outline

1. GRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE WORLD2. WHAT’S HOT & WHAT’S NOT

Architectures Repositories Content Reusability Distributed Networks

3. STANDARDIZATION The Process What’s Happening

4. CLOSING THOUGHTS5. DISCUSSION


GRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THE (E-LEARNING) WORLD


E-Learning Hype Cycle Courtesy RCA Wilson


Evolution of Technology

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

JavaScript in HTML

Java Frameworks

ASP / Cold FusionServices Model

File-based Database-Based Repository-Based

Content PlayersContent Interoperability

Content Reusability

Distributed Network

Client / Server

GlobalNetwork?


Evolution of Standards Bodies

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

DLF(1995)

SIF

ARIADNE

AICC(1988)

ADLIMS

IEEELTSC

JTC1SC36

EdNA(1994)

ALIC

OKI

OASIS

CEN/ISSSWS-LT

W3C(1994)

ebXML

EICA

CanCore

DublinCore(1995)

HLA(1994)

MERLOT

NSDL

HR-XMLCONSOR-TIUM


Evolution of Learning Technology Standards (Simplified Version)

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

CREATE NEW WORLD ORDER

GET CONTENT TO WORK

GET SYSTEMS TO INETEROPERATE

The Wider World


Conversational Convergence

Universal All sectors (Private, Education, Government, etc.) All geographic regions All technologies (E-learning, Content Management,

Knowledge Management, Human Performance Improvement)

Conversations Get down to business Local needs and global desires Content is content A need for tools On the standards front – a need for clarity


Challenges to Overcome

Different Cultures and Languages From country to country From sector to sector

Different Business Models From country to country From sector to sector

Economic Barriers Even time zones are

tough!

Lack of Experience With the Internet With the technology

Problems of Scale Wal-Mart: 1.2 Million BECTA (VET in U.K.): 6

Million But it has to work for a

schoolroom or small company, too . . .


Email from 22 July, 2003

“We are making small but steady steps. We are acquiring new customers at a good rate/month and have *almost* completed a robust product.

We have decided to put SCORM support on the sideline for the time being (given the very low demand we encounter in the med/small company market and the speed with which the specs evolve). We are focused only on our web-based, hosted e-learning software.”


What’s Hot … And What’s Not


JavaScript in HTML

Java Frameworks

ASP / Cold FusionServices Model


Right Now - Functional Architectures

Stable Models Stable Product categories


Content Authoring

Tools

Catalog Manager

Content Assembly

Tools

Learner Registrar

Delivery Environment

Content Repository

andOffering Catalog

Learning Planner

CollaborativeEnvironment

Learner Profile

Manager

Activity Info

Offerings

Profile Info

Register Info

Offerings

Goals

Plans

Plans

Learner Info

Profile Info

Activity Info

Assessment / TestingEngine Results Info

Profile InfoAssessmentObjects

Learning Offerings

Content Objects

RecordedEvents

Learning Objects

Learning Objects

Component Model – from late 2001. (Still works!)


Content Authoring

Tools

Catalog Manager

Content Assembly

Tools

Learner Registrar


Content Repository

andOffering Catalog

Learning Planner


Learner Profile

Manager

Activity Info

Offerings

Profile Info

Register Info

Offerings

Goals

Plans

Plans

Learner Info

Profile Info

Activity Info



Learning Offerings

Content Objects

RecordedEvents

Learning Objects

Learning Objects

Enterprise LMS


Content Authoring

Tools

Catalog Manager

Content Assembly

Tools

Learner Registrar


Content Repository

andOffering Catalog

Learning Planner


Learner Profile

Manager

Activity Info

Offerings

Profile Info

Register Info

Offerings

Goals

Plans

Plans

Learner Info

Profile Info

Activity Info



Learning Offerings

Content Objects

RecordedEvents

Learning Objects

Learning Objects

LCMS


Content Authoring

Tools

Catalog Manager

Content Assembly

Tools

Learner Registrar


Content Repository

andOffering Catalog

Learning Planner


Learner Profile

Manager

Activity Info

Offerings

Profile Info

Register Info

Offerings

Goals

Plans

Plans

Learner Info

Profile Info

Activity Info



Learning Offerings

Content Objects

RecordedEvents

Learning Objects

Learning Objects

Course Management System (VLE)


Service Architectures and Frameworks: What’s Hot

Communities are driving them SchoolNet, SIF, Education.au, EduSource …

Vendors are supporting them Standards groups producing them

IMS, OKI, SCORM 2.0, etc.


And What’s Not

Stability is needed Installed bases make it hard to change

architectures Re-usable Design is not Interoperability

Comes from local thinking Leads to too many frameworks


File-based Database-Based Repository-Based


ARIADNE Now a European foundation, focused on content, metadata & tools

EDUSOURCE Enabling collaborative generation of learning objects

EUROPEAN SCHOOLNET Instructions for adding local repositories; cross-cultural

National Science Digital Library (U.S.) Over 60 collections, tens of thousands of records, hundreds of thousands in user

communities MERLOT (Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching)

Providing peer review, a value-added service VIMS (Virtual Image Management System – U.S. Military)

SCORM conformant, Accessible (Section 508), DRM enabled Rich Media Repository D-SPACE and other projects

Open source out-of-the-box solution EdNA, The Le@rning Federation

Hot: Growing Number of Projects


Hot: A Growing Number of Products

New releases of Enterprise LMS / LCMS New entrants into the VLE (Course

Management System) space Pure Learning Object Repository products Content Management Systems

With learning components / standards Plus … help from the Library Community

Centuries of experience Stable standards Installed user base


Not:

“Learning Object Repository” A conglomeration of undefined terms is an

excellent tool for hype Business models? Searches still find too little that’s good …

or worse … too much.


Content PlayersContent Interoperability

Content Reusability


Reusable Content (Learning Objects): What’s Hot Lot’s of Activity Emergence of Object Models (next slide)

Provide common vocabulary Map to standards and technology Identify pedagogic pressure points

Potential to Increase Value


Learnativity Object Model and SCORM / AICC

AssetSharable Content Object (SCO)

Content PackageLearningEnvironment

text

animation

Audio

illustration

principle

concept

procedure

Objective Practice Assess

Components

Databases

Communications

Web

Serv

ices

Communities

SCORM / AICC CONTENT MODEL2003 +

eLearning

Knowledge Management

C o n t e x t a n d C o m p l e x I t y

R e u s a b i I I t y_

+

Sharable Content Asset (SCA)


Standards and Technology Help

CONTEXT

RE

US

E

THE MAGICQUADRANTW

ithout

With current generation

Some Day?

Less Value More Value


Learning Objects: What’s Not Hot:

The Definition Aggregation instead of Disaggregation Work instead of workflow Theory instead of effectiveness


Distributed Network

Client / Server


Education on the Open Network: MIT Open Courseware Initiative Server Hits, May & June 2003 (Taken from Wired, August 2003)

Top 10 Courses

1. Problems of Philosophy2. Laboratory Software Engineering3. Introduction to Electronics4. Hands-on Astronomy: Observing

Stars and Planets5. Linear Algebra6. Calculus with Applications7. Introduction to Modeling and

Simulation (Nuclear Eng.)8. Electricity and Magnetism9. Logistical and Transportation

Planning Methods (EE & CS)10. Introduction to Marketing

Top 10 Nations (Other than U.S.)

1. Canada (3.9 Million)2. Germany (3.6 Million)3. South Korea (3.2 Million)4. Brazil (3.2 Million)5. U.K. (3.1 Million)6. Japan (3.1 Million)7. France (3.0 Million)8. China* (2.6 Million) 9. India (2.5 Million)10. Australia (1.4 Million)

* 2 Million from Hong Kong & .6 Million from the PRC (where the government blocked access until February of 2003)


America’s Army – Released July 4, 2002


Big Issue (Hot and Not): Digital Rights Management and Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual Property

Rights and Laws can no longer conveniently be ignored

DRM is needed for Content development

workflows Federating repositories Sharing knowledge

based on trust: “I didn’t want to email it because it’s still draft and in confidence.”

DRM Often confused with

enforcement (e.g. RIAA) Guided by multimedia and

communications industries Subject to patents

Intellectual Property Rights and Laws Differ around the globe Often don’t make sense


A Fundamental Shift in DRM

Client / Server Model Content delivered and

consumed Copyright restrictions &

licenses enforced at point of consumption

Authorization based on role Possession is 9/10 of the

law – have content, can distribute!

Distributed Network Model Content flows through

network Content can change during

its lifecycle Conditions, permission,

constraints etc. relevant at each stop in lifecycle

Distribution rights as important as usage rights

Rights governed by contract, not possession

Need to handle attribution, creative commons, etc.

DRM = Routing of Intellectual Property


Status of “Distributed Rights Management” Persistent DRM Technology is being

prototyped COLIS Project VIMS Project Microsoft RMS

Standards emerging A Long Way to Go


Standardization


The Process

IMS Global Learning Consortium

Aviation Industry CBT Committee

Advanced Distributed Learning initiative

IEEE Learning Technology Standards Committee

ISO/IEC JTC1 SC36: Standards Learning, Education and Training

MANY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Principles discussed

Possible Prototypes

Early Specs

Champions Implement

Standards announced

Serious Prototypes

Maybe products

Markets wait

Products Produced

Early Adoption

Early test suites

Products Stabilized

More Adoption

Precision added

Conformance & Compliance

Market Adoption

Global adoption


What’s Happening

Architecture & Services Learning Structure Federation & Harvesting DRM Skills / Competencies Identification &

Personalization Assessments

Descriptive Metadata Content transport Basic Content Tracking

Principles discussed

Possible Prototypes

Early Specs

Champions Implement

Standards announced

Serious Prototypes

Maybe products

Markets wait

Products Produced

Early Adoption

Early test suites

Products Stabilized

More Adoption

Precision added

Conformance & Compliance

Market Adoption

Global adoption


Closing Thoughts

Focus is essential Awareness is necessary Experimentation is key Interoperability is fundamental It all starts with people


Discussion

Contact information: [email protected]

Documents

Eduworks Corporation The Global Framework for E-Learning What’s Hot and What’s Not Robby Robson President, Eduworks Corporation Chair, IEEE Learning Technology