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Do you think in English when you write about science or you just translate your thoughts (which are processed in your first language)?

-No, I think in English.

Do you think it is any longer possible to be and thrive in science in a language other than English?

-Yes, of course, English is just more convenient.

Would you recommend anyone whose first language is not English to think in English to survive in Science?

- Clear thinking is sufficient plus some help in writing properly in English.

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Abstract

The cytokines interleukin-3 (IL-3), interleukin-5 (IL-5), and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) exhibit overlapping

activities in the regulation of hematopoietic cells. All ) and the sharedthese cytokines signal via a specific alpha receptor ( human beta common

subunit (hβc). This thesis explores IL-3 and GM-CSF receptor binding and activation mechanisms.

GM CSF is an important mediator of inducible hematopoiesis and inflammation with a critical role in the function of alveolar and hβc. This

thesismacrophages. GM CSF signals via GM CSFR in GM CSFinvestigated the role of the Ig-like domain of the GM CSFR binding and

signalling. Deletion of the Ig-like domain abolished direct GM CSF binding and decreased growth signalling in the presence of hβc. Val51 and

Cys60 were found having critical roles in binding to the receptor with Arg54 and Leu55 also important. High affinity binding in the presence of

hβc was strongly affected by mutation of Cys60 and also reduced by mutation of Val51, Arg54 and Leu55. Growth signalling was most severely

affected by mutation of Cys60. The results indicated a previously unrecognized role for the Ig-like domain, and in particular in the binding of

GM CSF and subsequent activation ofCys60, of GM CSFR cellular signalling.

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