Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Educational System and Reforms in mauritius
Citation preview
A group of islands:The island of Mauritius, the island of Rodrigues & a group of smaller inhabited islands
Indian Ocean
Population is 1.2 millions
Main island is Mauritius
Around 1600 square Kms
Upper-middle income country
9 years of schooling
2 years pre-primary schooling
6 years compulsory primary schooling
5 years compulsory secondary schooling
(leading to ‘O’ level) or 3 years Pre-
Vocational
2 years secondary schooling
(A’ level course)
Tertiary education
1944 Free Primary schooling law
1976 Free Secondary Schooling law
1988 Free Tertiary Education law
1993 Basic Compulsory Education law
2000 Pre-Vocational stream policy
2005 Compulsory Education up to 16 years
law
4 to 5 years old
Gross Enrolment Ratio is 99%
64% of primary schools have a pre-school centre
1000 private pre-schools are registered with the Ministry
Courses to equip pre-primary teachers with the necessary pedagogical skills, to give them a better insight into the psychology of children & to facilitate subsequent primary school-based learning.
5 to 11 years old.
Gross Enrolment Ratio is 102%.
75.5% went to state schools, 20.1% went
to aided private schools & the remaining
4.4% went to non-aided private schools.
Admission to primary schools is based on
a catchment area system
National examination at the end of
primary schooling (11 plus exam)
12-19 age group
Gross Enrolment Ratio is around 64%.
30% of pupils attend state secondary
schools and 70% attend private (both aided
and non-aided) secondary
schools
Government funds nearly 80% of private
schools.
Year
2003200220012000
Mea
n en
rolm
ent
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
Gender
girls
boys
Fig 1: Gross enrolment in pre-vocational education, 2000-2003: Republic of Mauritius
Source: Sanmukhiya (2007)
Gross tertiary enrolment ratio of
Mauritian students within and outside the
Republic of Mauritius is around 30%
today
How is tertiary education provided?
Publicly Funded Institutions (PFIs)
Private providers/ Distance education
Overseas
Tertiary institutions in the Republic of
Mauritius:
University of Mauritius
University of Technology of Mauritius
Mauritius Institute of Education
Mahatma Gandhi Institute
Mauritius College of the Air
Polytechnics (for vocational stream)
Mauritius Institute of Health
1940’s opening up of primary schooling
Education has always been highly by the
Mauritian society
Today primary education is universal
1976 free secondary education law
Accessible to all segments of population
Mostly beneficial to women
1988 free tertiary education law
Enrolment in tertiary institutions is
around 30% today
Inefficiencies in secondary schooling
cycle
Publicly Funded Institutions (PFIs) cater
for 50% of total tertiary student
population
1993 basic compulsory education law
Overall effects yet to be evaluated
Child labour has been reduced to a
very large extent
drop out rate from primary schooling
cycle is around 0.6 % in Grade 6
2000 Pre-Vocational stream policyFigure 1: Gross enrolment rate in primary & secondary schools, 1992-2002: Republic of Mauritius
Source: CSO (2003)
Increased participation from state & private-
aided schools
Around 25% of students failed to qualify for
secondary schooling
Improvement in the inter-cycle transitional rate
2005 compulsory education up to 16 years
May act as substantial research instrument in
the future.
Secondary schooling cycle is inefficient
Transition rates from primary to
secondary school was around 60% prior
to 2000
High drop out rates
High repetition rates
GRADE
grade 13Grade 12
grade 11grade 10
grade 9grade 8
grade 7grade 6
Mea
n R
EP
EA
T
40
30
20
10
0
Fig 2: Repetition rate over 1991-2002: Republic of Mauritius
Source: Sanmukhiya (2007)
GRADE
pre2Pre1
Grade 12grade 11
grade 10grade 9
grade 8grade 7
grade 6grade 1-5
Mea
n D
RO
PO
UT
40
30
20
10
0
Fig 3: Drop-out rate over 1991-2002: Republic of Mauritius
Source: Sanmukhiya (2007)
Survival Rate:
Out of every 100 boys and 100 girls
enrolled in grade 1, only 39 boys and
46 girls reach grade 11 (the end of the
five year secondary schooling) while
only 13 boys and 16 girls reach grade
13 (the final year of the seven year
secondary schooling).
Inefficiency due to repetition and
dropout
Primary cycle
Public schools 0.82
Private-aided schools 0.81
Total primary 0.85
Secondary cycle
Total secondary
(Public & private–aided schools)
0.27
Table 1: Student flow efficiency indicatorsin the Republic of Mauritius 2001
Source: Adapted from World Bank (2002)
Inequity in schooling arises when a
significant proportion of school age
population drop out of the education
system and access to education is
unequally distributed across the
population. That segment of the school
population is forced to withdraw and lose
access to public spending on education.
28% of any given cohort in Mauritius
completes only six years of education and
they use 14% of total public spending.
20% of the most educated in a cohort
receive 35% of all public spending on
education and is therefore biased in
favour of the highly educated.
The gini co-efficient is estimated at 0.3.
12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58
Age(years)
0
10000
20000
30000
Aver
age g
ross
inco
mes
(Rs)
Qualifications CategoriesNo schooling or basic schoolingSecondary educationVocational educationTertiary education
Age-earnings profiles of workers in the Republic of Mauritius
Age earning profiles in the Republic of Mauritius
Source: Sanmukhiya (2007)
Geographical location of Republic of
Mauritius
The education system
Actual policies governing education at each
level of education
Reforms in education since 1940’s till today
Characteristics of the primary, secondary
and tertiary education system
Impacts of each educational reforms on
education
Efficiency of the Mauritian education
system
Equity aspect of the Mauritian education
system
Age-earnings profiles
Thank [email protected]
