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Teac
her’
s ex
curs
ion
chec
klis
tPl
anni
ng y
our v
isit
• Lo
g on
to w
ww
.aw
m.g
ov.a
u/ed
ucat
ion
and
choo
se th
e
curr
icul
um-b
ased
pro
gram
that
bes
t sui
ts th
e ne
eds
of y
our
stud
ents
. Mak
e su
re y
ou a
dvis
e yo
ur to
ur o
pera
tor o
f you
r pr
efer
ence
.
• B
ook
your
vis
it on
line
and
reco
rd y
our b
ooki
ng re
fere
nce
num
ber.
For y
our s
choo
l pas
swor
d, p
leas
e em
ail t
he M
emor
ial’s
Edu
catio
n B
ooki
ngs
Offi
cer:
scho
ol.b
ooki
ngs@
awm
.gov
.au.
• En
sure
that
ther
e w
ill b
e ad
equa
te s
uper
visi
on b
y te
ache
rs a
nd
othe
r acc
ompa
nyin
g ad
ults
: one
sup
ervi
sing
adu
lt is
to a
ccom
pany
ea
ch g
roup
of 1
5 st
uden
ts.
Prep
arin
g yo
ur s
tude
nts
• Ta
lk to
you
r gro
up a
bout
app
ropr
iate
beh
avio
ur fo
r a n
atio
nal
plac
e of
com
mem
orat
ion.
• Li
nk y
our c
lass
room
act
iviti
es to
you
r upc
omin
g vi
sit.
(S
ee w
ww
.aw
m.g
ov.a
u/ed
ucat
ion
for s
ome
idea
s an
d re
sour
ces.
)
Dur
ing
your
vis
itPl
ease
ent
er th
e M
emor
ial v
ia th
e sc
hool
s’ e
ntra
nce,
whi
ch c
an b
e fo
und
on th
e m
ap o
n th
e M
emor
ial’s
web
site
. Bot
tled
wat
er a
nd
cam
eras
are
per
mitt
ed in
the
galle
ries
but p
leas
e re
mem
ber t
o le
ave
all s
choo
l bag
s on
the
bus.
All
bags
ent
erin
g th
e M
emor
ial m
ust b
e op
ened
for i
nspe
ctio
n by
sec
urity
.
• B
ring
your
PA
CER
pap
erw
ork
for v
alid
atio
n an
d st
ampi
ng.
• St
uden
ts a
re to
rem
ain
with
sup
ervi
sors
at a
ll tim
es w
hen
insi
de
the
Mem
oria
l.
Ade
la P
ankh
urst
was
the
orga
nise
r of t
he
Wom
en’s
Pea
ce A
rmy,
whi
ch c
alle
d fo
r the
ab
oliti
on o
f con
scrip
tion
and
mili
taris
m
with
the
mot
to: “
we
war
aga
inst
war
”.
They
oft
en o
pene
d m
eetin
gs w
ith a
wel
l-kn
own
anti-
war
son
g, w
hich
was
out
law
ed
unde
r war
pre
caut
ions
regu
latio
ns:
I did
n’t r
aise
my
son
to b
e a
sold
ier,
I b
roug
ht h
im u
p to
be
my
prid
e an
d
joy,
Who
dar
es to
put
a m
uske
t on
hi
s sh
ould
er, T
o ki
ll so
me
othe
r m
othe
r’s
darl
ing
boy?
“Ant
i-ev
eryt
hing
Ade
la: w
hy n
ot in
tern
her
?”, G
raph
ic o
f Aus
tral
ia,
24 M
arch
191
6, p
. 3, v
ia T
rove
, Nat
iona
l Lib
rary
of A
ustr
alia
D
anie
l Man
nix
was
the
Cat
holic
Arc
hbis
hop
of M
elbo
urne
an
d w
as in
volv
ed in
ant
i-con
scrip
tion
cam
paig
ns a
gain
st
the
1916
and
1917
refe
rend
a. H
e sa
id:
I hop
e an
d be
lieve
that
pea
ce c
an b
e se
cure
d w
itho
ut
cons
crip
tion
. For
con
scri
ptio
n is
a h
atef
ul th
ing,
and
it
is a
lmos
t cer
tain
to b
ring
evi
l in
its
trai
n.“A
nti-
cons
crip
tion
”, T
he A
rgus
, 18
Sept
embe
r 19
16, p
. 6
Con
trar
y to
pop
ular
bel
ief,
serv
ing
sold
iers
vot
ed in
favo
ur o
f co
nscr
iptio
n by
a s
light
mar
gin
in b
oth
the
1916
and
1917
refe
rend
a.
Man
y fe
lt th
at c
onsc
riptio
n w
as a
way
to m
ake
othe
rs “d
o th
eir b
it”.
In A
ugus
t 191
5 Pr
ivat
e Ja
ck J
ense
n w
rote
in a
lett
er to
his
Aun
t H
anna
h:
I wou
ld n
ot li
ke to
be
sent
bac
k to
Aus
tral
ia b
efor
e th
e w
ar is
ove
r.
You
see
so m
any
goin
g ab
out w
ho w
ill n
ot e
nlis
t and
the
excu
ses
they
gi
ve w
ould
mak
e yo
ur h
air t
urn
grey
… T
hese
sor
t of m
en m
ake
you
feel
ash
amed
“Con
scri
ptio
n: c
onsc
ript
ion
duri
ng W
orld
War
One
”, S
A M
emor
y, S
tate
Li
brar
y of
Sou
th A
ustr
alia
, htt
p://
ww
w.s
amem
ory.
sa.g
ov.a
u/si
te/p
age.
cfm
?u=1
022
Will
iam
Hug
hes
was
Prim
e M
inis
ter o
f Aus
tral
ia
from
1915
to 19
23. H
e tr
ied
twic
e un
succ
essf
ully
to
intr
oduc
e co
nscr
iptio
n du
ring
the
Firs
t Wor
ld
War
. In
1916
he
proc
laim
ed to
the
Labo
r Par
ty
Cau
cus:
Don
’t le
ave
the
boys
in th
e tr
ench
es. D
on’t
see
th
em b
utch
ered
. Don
’t le
ave
them
bel
ow th
eir
stre
ngth
or y
ou w
ill c
over
Aus
tral
ia w
ith
sham
e.“C
onsc
ript
ion
duri
ng t
he F
irst
Wor
ld W
ar”,
Mus
eum
of
Aus
tral
ian
Dem
ocra
cy, h
ttp:
//bi
llyhu
ghes
.m
oado
ph.g
ov.a
u/co
nscr
ipti
on.
Gra
ce W
ilson
join
ed th
e A
ustr
alia
n A
rmy
Nur
sing
Ser
vice
in 19
14. S
he a
rriv
ed o
n Le
mno
s in
ear
ly A
ugus
t 191
5, ju
st d
ays
afte
r lea
rnin
g of
th
e de
ath
of h
er b
roth
er o
n G
allip
oli.
In a
lett
er
to h
er s
iste
r Min
nie
on 6
Aug
ust 1
915
she
wro
te:
My
opin
ion
of a
ny m
an w
ho s
tays
unl
ess
abso
lute
ly p
reve
nted
from
goi
ng is
n’t m
uch
(tha
t is
to s
ay u
nmar
ried
men
) …
sev
eral
w
ound
ed m
en s
aid
to m
e “y
ou d
on’t
kno
w
wha
t we
say
abou
t the
cha
ps w
ho c
ould
co
me
and
won
’t o
r don
’t …
” A
WM
3D
RL/
7819
The
wor
st y
ear
In A
ustr
alia
’s w
ar h
isto
ry th
ere
is n
o ye
ar m
ore
trag
ic th
an 1
917
…
the
year
beg
an in
the
mud
dy fr
ozen
tren
ches
of t
he S
omm
e an
d
ende
d in
the
slim
y bo
g le
adin
g up
to th
e B
elgi
an v
illag
e of
Pa
ssch
enda
ele.
Man
y di
d no
t sur
vive
; the
re w
ere
20,0
00
dea
d
amon
g th
e 77
,00
0 A
ustr
alia
ns w
ho b
ecam
e ca
sual
ties
.
Pete
r B
urne
ss, B
apau
me
and
Bul
leco
urt:
Aus
tral
ians
on
the
Wes
tern
Fron
t – 19
17, D
epar
tmen
t of
Vet
eran
s’ A
ffai
rs, 2
010
.
In e
arly
1917
vic
tory
see
med
now
here
in s
ight
for t
he A
ustr
alia
ns.
But
in th
e sp
ring
ther
e w
as a
bre
ak in
the
stal
emat
e w
hen
they
pu
rsue
d th
e G
erm
ans
beyo
nd th
e So
mm
e re
gion
and
up
to th
e H
inde
nbur
g Li
ne. T
his
was
the
last
and
str
onge
st o
f the
Ger
man
ar
my’
s w
ell-d
efen
ded
tren
ch s
yste
ms,
nam
ed a
fter
the
mos
t fam
ous
of th
e G
erm
an c
omm
ande
rs. I
nten
se a
nd c
ostly
figh
ting
arou
nd th
e vi
llage
of B
ulle
cour
t fol
low
ed.
Bul
leco
urt,
mor
e th
an a
ny o
ther
bat
tle,
sho
ok th
e co
nfide
nce
of
Aus
tral
ian
sold
iers
in th
e ca
paci
ty o
f the
Bri
tish
com
man
d; th
e er
rors
, es
peci
ally
on
Apr
il 10
th a
nd 1
1th,
wer
e ob
viou
s to
alm
ost e
very
one.
Cha
rles
Bea
n, o
ffici
al w
ar h
isto
rian
The
orde
r for
the
4th
Aus
tral
ian
Div
isio
n to
att
ack
the
Hin
denb
urg
Line
nea
r Bul
leco
urt o
n 10
Apr
il 19
17 c
ame
as a
sur
pris
e, a
s th
ere
was
a s
hort
age
of a
rtill
ery
for s
uppo
rt. I
nste
ad, a
doz
en ta
nks
wer
e pr
omis
ed, b
ut th
ese
faile
d to
arr
ive.
A fr
esh
atte
mpt
was
mad
e ne
xt
mor
ning
, and
this
tim
e th
e ta
nks
wer
e la
te. A
dvan
cing
acr
oss
the
open
, sno
w-d
uste
d fie
lds
with
too
little
sup
port
, the
infa
ntry
men
ran
thro
ugh
a ha
il of
mac
hine
-gun
and
art
iller
y fir
e. It
tore
thro
ugh
them
. O
nce
they
reac
hed
the
enem
y’s
tren
ches
, vic
ious
figh
ting
follo
wed
w
ith b
ombs
and
bay
onet
s. S
oon
amm
uniti
on b
ecam
e lo
w, t
anks
wer
e bu
rnin
g on
the
batt
lefie
ld, a
nd th
e G
erm
ans
wer
e co
unte
r-at
tack
ing.
In
the
end
the
surv
ivor
s w
ere
forc
ed to
with
draw
to th
eir o
wn
lines
.
The
atta
ck h
ad b
een
a co
stly
dis
aste
r: 2,
339
men
out
of 3
,00
0 fr
om
the
4th
Brig
ade
wer
e ki
lled,
wou
nded
, or t
aken
pris
oner
; the
12th
B
rigad
e ha
d 95
0 c
asua
lties
, abo
ut h
alf o
f its
str
engt
h; a
nd m
ore
than
1,1
70 A
ustr
alia
ns h
ad b
een
take
n pr
ison
er. O
n 3
May
the
Aus
tral
ians
tr
ied
agai
n, th
is ti
me
with
art
iller
y su
ppor
t, an
d af
ter a
fort
nigh
t –
suff
erin
g ev
en g
reat
er lo
sses
– th
ey w
ere
final
ly s
ucce
ssfu
l in
taki
ng
this
por
tion
of th
e H
inde
nbur
g Li
ne.
I hop
e th
e w
ar w
ill s
oon
stop
now
for i
t is
sapp
ing
out t
he
best
of m
en a
nd a
ll th
at is
bea
utif
ul in
civ
ilise
d lif
e.
Lieu
tena
nt W
ilfre
d B
arlo
w, 5
8th
Bat
talio
n, 2
Mar
ch 1
917
With
the
exha
uste
d Fr
ench
arm
y in
turm
oil,
the
Brit
ish
assu
med
a
grea
ter r
ole
on th
e W
este
rn F
ront
. In
the
seco
nd h
alf o
f the
yea
r the
y be
gan
to c
once
ntra
te th
eir fi
ghtin
g ef
fort
s ar
ound
Ypr
es in
Bel
gium
. A
ll fiv
e A
ustr
alia
n di
visi
ons,
toge
ther
with
the
New
Zea
land
Div
isio
n,
foug
ht in
the
serie
s of
bat
tles
know
n as
the
Third
Bat
tle o
f Ypr
es, a
m
ajor
cam
paig
n th
at w
ould
bec
ome
best
kno
wn
by th
e na
me
of it
s ob
ject
ive:
Pas
sche
ndae
le.
The
cam
paig
n w
as la
unch
ed o
n 31
Jul
y 19
17 a
nd la
sted
unt
il N
ovem
ber.
The
Aus
tral
ians
and
New
Zea
land
ers
wer
e in
volv
ed
betw
een
Sept
embe
r and
the
end
of th
e ca
mpa
ign.
The
y to
ok p
art
in s
ome
of th
e m
ost n
otab
le a
ctio
ns, i
nclu
ding
the
batt
les
of M
enin
R
oad,
Pol
ygon
Woo
d, a
nd B
rood
sein
de R
idge
. The
infa
ntry
, with
Jeru
sale
m b
y C
hris
tmas
Th
ey ro
de, v
ery
dust
y an
d un
shav
ed, t
heir
big
hat
s ba
tter
ed a
nd
droo
ping
, thr
ough
[D
amas
cus]
wit
h th
e sa
me
easy
, cas
ual b
eari
ng,
and
the
sam
e se
lf-c
onfi
denc
e th
at a
re th
eir d
isti
ncti
ve c
hara
cter
isti
cs
on th
eir c
ount
ry tr
acks
at h
ome.
Hen
ry G
ulle
tt, A
ustr
alia
n of
ficia
l war
cor
resp
onde
nt, 1
919
Early
in 19
17 th
e B
ritis
h ad
vanc
ed in
to T
urki
sh P
ales
tine
with
Gaz
a as
an
imm
edia
te g
oal.
Aft
er tw
o fa
iled
atta
cks,
Gen
eral
Sir
Edm
und
Alle
nby
was
sen
t fro
m F
ranc
e to
take
con
trol
, and
soo
n m
ore
men
, gu
ns, a
nd e
quip
men
t arr
ived
. Pow
erfu
lly b
uilt
and
know
n as
“B
ull”,
A
llenb
y re
vive
d th
e Eg
yptia
n Ex
pedi
tiona
ry F
orce
. The
Aus
tral
ians
w
ere
to p
lay
an im
port
ant p
art i
n hi
s pl
ans.
On
31 O
ctob
er th
e lig
ht h
orse
cap
ture
d B
eers
heba
in a
cha
rge
that
en
able
d G
aza
to b
e ta
ken
soon
aft
erw
ards
. It w
as a
n im
port
ant
achi
evem
ent t
hat c
ame
as B
ritis
h fo
rtun
es o
n th
e W
este
rn F
ront
w
ere
at a
low
poi
nt. B
ritis
h Pr
ime
Min
iste
r Dav
id L
loyd
Geo
rge
w
ante
d a
mor
ale-
boos
ting
vict
ory
in ti
me
for
Chr
istm
as. T
he A
ustr
alia
n M
ount
ed D
ivis
ion
was
w
ith A
llenb
y’s
adva
nce,
w
hich
took
Jer
usal
em o
n 9
Dec
embe
r. Th
e pr
ime
min
iste
r got
his
Chr
istm
as
pres
ent,
and
the
light
ho
rse
got t
he c
hanc
e
for a
goo
d re
st.
Educ
atio
n at
the
Aus
tral
ian
War
Mem
oria
l Fo
llow
us
on F
aceb
ook
for m
ore
lear
ning
re
sour
ces,
cha
lleng
es, a
nd d
iscu
ssio
n.
Col
lect
ion
item
s on
fron
t cov
er (
left
to ri
ght)
: AW
M R
C0
0336
, AW
M R
EL/1
1285
.00
4, A
WM
E0
0371
, AW
M R
C0
030
5,
AWM
REL
/112
85.0
02, R
ELAW
M0
054
8.
Jam
es F
. Sco
tt, B
attl
e sc
ene
(191
9, o
il on
can
vas,
143
x 1
94.2
cm
)
AW
M A
RT0
3419
This
pai
ntin
g de
pict
s th
e at
tack
by
the
16th
Bat
talio
n at
Bul
leco
urt
on
11 A
pril
1917
. A s
econ
d ve
rsio
n of
the
pai
ntin
g w
as p
rese
nted
to
the
villa
ge
of B
ulle
cour
t in
198
8. T
he p
eopl
e of
the
vill
age
have
com
mem
orat
ed t
he
Aus
tral
ian
sold
iers
in A
nzac
Day
cer
emon
ies
sinc
e 19
17.
Wha
t is
goin
g on
in th
is p
aint
ing?
Why
do
you
thin
k th
e pe
ople
of
Bul
leco
urt s
till
com
mem
orat
e th
e sa
crifi
ce o
f Aus
tral
ian
sold
iers
toda
y?
The
stor
y be
hind
the
phot
ogra
phIn
the
phot
ogra
ph o
n th
e co
ver,
mem
bers
of t
he 3
0th
Bat
talio
n m
ake
thei
r way
alo
ng a
str
eet o
f bur
ning
ruin
s in
Bap
aum
e, F
ranc
e, o
n th
e da
y of
its
occu
patio
n by
Aus
tral
ian
troo
ps, 1
7 M
arch
1917
.
The
man
on
the
left
in th
e fo
regr
ound
is S
erge
ant A
rthu
r Edw
in
Haw
key.
He
enlis
ted
in A
pril
1915
, but
des
erte
d so
on a
fter
. Haw
key
re
-enl
iste
d in
Jan
uary
1916
und
er a
n as
sum
ed n
ame,
Art
hur W
ebb.
H
e se
rved
in F
ranc
e du
ring
the
free
zing
win
ter o
f 191
6–17
, whe
re h
e co
ntra
cted
tren
ch fo
ot –
a c
ondi
tion
caus
ed b
y pr
olon
ged
expo
sure
to
col
d, w
et, u
nsan
itary
con
ditio
ns –
and
was
eva
cuat
ed to
hos
pita
l. H
e re
turn
ed to
the
field
and
was
wou
nded
in a
ctio
n on
3 S
epte
mbe
r 19
18. H
awke
y di
ed o
f his
wou
nds
the
follo
win
g da
y. A
fter
his
de
ath,
Haw
key’
s re
al id
entit
y w
as d
isco
vere
d w
hen
his
sist
er w
as
cont
acte
d as
the
bene
ficia
ry li
sted
in h
is w
ill. A
fter
sig
ning
a s
tatu
tory
de
clar
atio
n co
nfirm
ing
his
son’
s re
al n
ame,
Haw
key’
s fa
ther
, Tho
mas
, re
ceiv
ed h
is p
erso
nal e
ffec
ts, i
nclu
ding
a b
ronz
e m
edal
, YM
CA
wal
let,
and
toba
cco
pouc
h. A
rthu
r Edw
in H
awke
y is
bur
ied
at th
e H
eath
M
ilita
ry C
emet
ery
in H
arbo
nniè
res,
Fra
nce,
and
his
real
nam
e is
list
ed
on th
e R
oll o
f Hon
our a
t the
Aus
tral
ian
War
Mem
oria
l in
Can
berr
a.
On
the
hom
e fr
ont
In 19
17 A
ustr
alia
was
div
ided
by
the
cons
crip
tion
deba
te fo
r th
e se
cond
tim
e du
ring
the
war
. Lab
or P
rime
Min
iste
r Will
iam
“B
illy”
Hug
hes
had
soug
ht p
ublic
sup
port
for c
onsc
riptio
n –
com
puls
ory
mili
tary
ser
vice
for y
oung
men
– fo
r the
firs
t tim
e in
a
pleb
isci
te o
n 28
Oct
ober
1916
, des
pite
opp
ositi
on fr
om h
is o
wn
part
y.
The
so c
alle
d “c
onsc
riptio
n re
fere
ndum
” pr
ovok
ed m
uch
deba
te
and
split
the
natio
n. It
was
nar
row
ly d
efea
ted,
with
51.6
per
cen
t vo
ting
“no”
.
Hug
hes
prom
ised
that
he
wou
ld n
ot re
visi
t the
con
scrip
tion
issu
e un
less
it lo
oked
like
Ger
man
y co
uld
prev
ail i
n th
e w
ar. I
n 19
17, a
s A
ustr
alia
’s c
asua
lty li
st g
rew
and
enl
istm
ent n
umbe
rs fe
ll, H
ughe
s ca
lled
for a
noth
er re
fere
ndum
. The
cam
paig
n w
as ju
st a
s he
ated
as
the
first
, with
pop
ular
opi
nion
sha
rply
div
ided
. On
20 D
ecem
ber
the
refe
rend
um w
as a
gain
def
eate
d, th
is ti
me
with
a s
light
ly la
rger
m
ajor
ity o
f 53.
8 pe
r cen
t vot
ing
“no”
.
Aus
tral
ian
voic
esTh
e co
nscr
iptio
n re
fere
nda
wer
e po
litic
ally
and
soc
ially
div
isiv
e.
New
spap
ers
and
mag
azin
es o
f the
tim
e re
veal
the
pass
iona
te
conc
erns
and
arg
umen
ts o
f Aus
tral
ians
deb
atin
g th
e is
sue.
Bel
ow a
re
som
e of
the
view
s ex
pres
sed
by s
oldi
ers
and
prom
inen
t Aus
tral
ians
on
bot
h si
des
of th
e de
bate
.
This
cot
ton
arm
band
wit
h a
red
cres
cent
moo
n w
as g
iven
to
Priv
ate
Geo
rge
Roe
Ken
ihan
of t
he 4
th L
ight
Hor
se R
egim
ent
Fiel
d A
mbu
lanc
e by
a T
urki
sh a
rmy
med
ical
ord
erly
aft
er t
he c
harg
e at
Bee
rshe
ba.
Ken
ihan
car
ried
it fo
lded
up
in h
is w
alle
t fo
r th
e re
st o
f his
ser
vice
.
AWM
REL
/038
23.0
02
Wha
t doe
s th
e re
d cr
esce
nt m
oon
sym
bolis
e an
d ho
w m
ight
it p
rovi
de
the
wea
rer w
ith
prot
ecti
on o
n a
batt
lefi
eld?
Embr
oide
red
silk
pos
tcar
d m
ade
in F
ranc
e du
ring
the
Fi
rst
Wor
ld W
ar.
AWM
RC
065
49
The
flag
s of
six
cou
ntri
es
have
bee
n in
clud
ed in
this
de
sign
. How
man
y ca
n yo
u id
enti
fy?
This
sig
n di
rect
ed m
ilita
ry v
oter
s du
ring
the
191
7 re
fere
ndem
for
cons
crip
tion
at
1 A
NZA
C H
eadq
uart
ers
in n
orth
ern
Fran
ce.
AWM
REL
AWM
0755
4
For conscription: Against conscription:
Enri
ch y
our s
tude
nts’
lear
ning
Bef
ore
you
visi
t the
Aus
tral
ian
War
Mem
oria
l, bo
ok a
faci
litat
ed
prog
ram
for y
our s
choo
l gro
up. A
ligne
d to
the
Aus
tral
ian
Cur
ricul
um:
His
tory
and
Civ
ics
and
Citi
zens
hip,
pro
gram
s pr
ovid
e a
deep
er
lear
ning
exp
erie
nce
for v
isiti
ng s
tude
nts
and
are
desi
gned
to s
uit
your
cla
ssro
om n
eeds
.
Prog
ram
s av
aila
ble:
Prog
ram
Year
leve
l
Cob
ber’s
tale
sPr
esch
ool a
nd F
ound
atio
n
Anz
ac le
gacy
Prim
ary
The
past
in th
e pr
esen
tPr
imar
y
Dis
cove
ry z
one
Prim
ary
Aus
tral
ians
and
the
Firs
t Wor
ld W
ar
Seco
ndar
y
Aus
tral
ia in
the
Seco
nd W
orld
War
Se
cond
ary
The
Vie
tnam
era
Seco
ndar
y
Scie
nce
and
war
Bot
h
Stra
nge
but t
rue
Bot
h
We
will
rem
embe
r the
mB
oth
Go
back
to th
e so
urce
Bot
h
Indi
geno
us w
artim
e se
rvic
e B
oth
Scho
ol w
reat
hlay
ing
cere
mon
yB
oth
For m
ore
info
rmat
ion
on p
rogr
am c
onte
nt, g
o to
: ht
tps:
//w
ww
.aw
m.g
ov.a
u/ed
ucat
ion/
scho
ols/
prog
ram
s.
Boo
king
s ar
e es
sent
ial f
or a
ll sc
hool
gro
ups
visi
ting
the
Mem
oria
l, w
heth
er c
hoos
ing
a fa
cilit
ated
pro
gram
led
by M
emor
ial s
taff
or
a te
ache
r-gu
ided
tour
, or a
tten
ding
the
Last
Pos
t Cer
emon
y.
(A ri
sk-a
sses
smen
t gui
de is
ava
ilabl
e fr
om th
e N
CET
P w
ebsi
te,
http
://w
ww
.can
berr
aexc
ursi
ons.
org.
au/p
ublic
-liab
ility
.)
Dis
cuss
ion
ques
tion
s an
d ac
tivi
ties
:
1.
Res
earc
h on
e of
the
abo
ve p
eopl
e or
gro
ups
and
find
out
why
the
y to
ok t
heir
sta
nce
on t
he c
onsc
ript
ion
deba
te. W
hat
else
can
you
fin
d ou
t ab
out
them
? W
hat
othe
r po
litic
al in
fluen
ces
wer
e at
pla
y in
A
ustr
alia
dur
ing
this
tim
e?
2. T
he w
ar c
reat
ed r
ifts
in A
ustr
alia
n so
ciet
y: w
ithi
n th
e La
bor
Part
y,
betw
een
the
mid
dle
clas
s an
d th
e po
or, a
nd b
etw
een
som
e w
omen
an
d m
en. C
reat
e a
post
er o
utlin
ing
som
e of
the
arg
umen
ts fo
r an
d ag
ains
t co
nscr
ipti
on.
3. W
hat
is a
ref
eren
dum
?
artil
lery
sup
port
, adv
ance
d in
sta
ges,
oft
en a
gain
st s
tout
def
ence
s th
at in
clud
ed s
tron
g co
ncre
te b
lock
hous
es. B
ut in
the
end
the
rain
tu
rned
the
batt
lefie
ld in
to a
qua
gmire
, and
the
offe
nsiv
e co
llaps
ed in
th
e bl
ood
and
mud
of t
he B
elgi
an c
ount
rysi
de. M
ore
than
50
0,0
00
ca
sual
ties
wer
e re
cord
ed, f
rom
bot
h si
des,
incl
udin
g 38
,00
0
Aus
tral
ians
.
The
prem
onit
ion
that
I ha
d w
hen
leav
ing
Sydn
ey, t
hat I
wou
ld
neve
r see
hom
e ag
ain,
sti
ll ha
ngs
abou
t me.
Priv
ate
E.O
. Nea
ves,
20
th B
atta
lion,
15
Febr
uary
191
7. K
illed
in a
ctio
n
6 N
ovem
ber
1917
.
Aus
tral
ians
als
o se
rved
at s
ea a
nd in
the
air d
urin
g 19
17. T
he R
oyal
A
ustr
alia
n N
avy
(RA
N)
prot
ecte
d po
rts
and
coas
tline
s, k
ept t
rade
ro
utes
ope
n, e
nabl
ed th
e pa
ssag
e of
troo
ps, d
irect
ly e
ngag
ed e
nem
y sh
ips,
and
sea
rche
d fo
r sub
mar
ines
. In
May
1917
HM
AS Sydn
ey fo
ught
th
e G
erm
an a
irshi
p L4
3.
Four
squ
adro
ns o
f the
Aus
tral
ian
Flyi
ng C
orps
(A
FC)
serv
ed in
the
Mid
dle
East
and
on
the
Wes
tern
Fro
nt, m
ainl
y in
an
obse
rvat
ion
capa
city
or p
rovi
ding
sup
port
for t
he in
fant
ry. B
y 19
17 th
e us
e of
ai
rcra
ft in
war
had
dev
elop
ed a
nd m
achi
ne-g
uns
beca
me
stan
dard
eq
uipm
ent.
Inte
rrup
ter g
ears
, dev
elop
ed in
1915
, ena
bled
pilo
ts in
si
ngle
-sea
t figh
ters
to fi
re th
roug
h th
eir p
rope
llers
with
out h
ittin
g th
em. M
any
men
in th
e A
ustr
alia
n Im
peria
l For
ce (
AIF
) so
ught
tran
sfer
to
the
AFC
to e
scap
e th
e sq
ualo
r of t
he tr
ench
es o
n th
e W
este
rn
Fron
t, an
d th
e he
at, d
ust,
and
flies
of t
he M
iddl
e Ea
st.
Des
pite
the
maj
ority
of f
ront
-line
sol
dier
s fa
vour
ing
cons
crip
tion,
th
ere
wer
e m
any
who
wer
e ag
ains
t it.
Priv
ate
Vic
tor V
oule
s B
row
n w
rote
in a
lett
er o
n 19
May
1917
:
To c
ut it
sho
rt, t
he b
oys
in F
ranc
e ha
ve h
ad s
uch
a do
ing
of it
, tha
t the
y co
nsid
er it
mur
der (
or n
ear e
noug
h to
it)
to c
ompe
l any
mor
e to
com
e fr
om A
ussi
e. A
nd th
en a
gain
they
con
side
r onc
e co
nscr
ipti
on is
bro
ught
in
it is
the
end
of a
free
Aus
tral
ia.
“Con
scri
ptio
n: c
onsc
ript
ion
duri
ng W
orld
War
One
”, S
A M
emor
y, S
tate
Li
brar
y of
Sou
th A
ustr
alia
, htt
p://
ww
w.s
amem
ory.
sa.g
ov.a
u/si
te/p
age.
cfm
?u=1
022
Prim
e M
inis
ter
Will
iam
“B
illy”
Hug
hes.
AW
M H
1607
1
Mat
ron
Gra
ce W
ilson
, 19
20. A
WM
H15
304
Polli
ng b
ooth
for
the
cons
crip
tion
ref
eren
dum
in
Hod
Will
egha
, Sin
ai, 1
916.
AW
M J
0246
6
AIF
sol
dier
s on
leav
e fr
om t
he fr
ont
voti
ng o
n th
e co
nscr
ipti
on r
efer
endu
m a
t H
orse
ferr
y R
oad,
Lon
don,
D
ecem
ber
1917
.
AWM
H16
653
4. I
mag
ine
you
are
cast
ing
your
vot
e on
whe
ther
to
intr
oduc
e co
nscr
ipti
on. W
ould
you
vot
e Ye
s or
No?
Why
?
i. Su
rvey
you
r cl
assm
ates
, wha
t re
ason
s do
the
y gi
ve fo
r
thei
r ch
oice
?5.
Unl
ike
thei
r B
riti
sh c
ount
erpa
rts,
Aus
tral
ian
wom
en w
ere
able
to
vot
e in
the
191
6 an
d 19
17 r
efer
enda
. A lo
t of
cam
paig
ning
was
ta
rget
ed a
t w
omen
. Why
?
6. S
oldi
ers
retu
rnin
g fr
om t
he fr
ont
soon
form
ed t
he R
etur
ned
Sold
iers
’ Ass
ocia
tion
, the
fore
runn
er t
o to
day’
s R
etur
ned
and
Serv
ices
Lea
gue
(RSL
). T
hey
form
ed t
he b
ackb
one
of t
he w
ar e
ffor
t th
at a
sked
Aus
tral
ians
to
rein
forc
e th
e m
en a
lread
y at
the
fron
t.
• W
hy m
ight
the
RSL
hav
e fe
lt t
his
way
?
• In
vest
igat
e th
e ro
le o
f the
RSL
tod
ay.
Put u
p th
e sw
ord
by A
dela
Pa
nkhu
rst,
pub
lishe
d by
the
W
omen
’s P
eace
Arm
y,
Mel
bour
ne, 1
915.
AW
M P
UB
0361
6
Arc
hbis
hop
Dr
Dan
iel M
anni
x. A
WM
P0
1383
.00
1
Dis
cuss
ion
ques
tion
s
1.
Look
at
the
stat
isti
cs a
bove
. How
wou
ld t
hese
hav
e af
fect
ed
Aus
tral
ians
dur
ing
and
afte
r th
e w
ar?
2. W
hy d
o yo
u th
ink
1917
is c
onsi
dere
d th
e w
orst
yea
r of
the
war
?
Do
you
thin
k it
is p
ossi
ble
to h
ave
a w
orst
yea
r? W
hy/w
hy n
ot?
Mem
oria
l Box
es a
re r
ich
lear
ning
re
sour
ces
for
scho
ol s
tude
nts.
Th
ey c
onta
in r
eal a
nd r
eplic
a hi
stor
ical
ar
tefa
cts
that
stu
dent
s ca
n ha
ndle
, an
d un
iform
s th
at c
an b
e tr
ied
on.
Dig
ital
con
tent
tha
t lin
ks t
o th
e A
ustr
alia
n C
urri
culu
m: H
isto
ry c
an
be fo
und
onlin
e: h
ttps
://w
ww
.aw
m.g
ov.
au/e
duca
tion
/mem
oria
l-bo
xes.
B
oxes
are
ava
ilabl
e fo
r lo
an A
ustr
alia
-w
ide
from
age
nts
loca
ted
in e
ach
stat
e an
d te
rrito
ry.
Mem
oria
l Box
out
reac
h pr
ogra
m
1917
IN S
UM
MA
RY
En
liste
d: 4
5,10
1
Wou
nded
: 49,
148
D
eath
s: 2
0,03
6
Pri
sone
rs o
f war
: 2,2
95
Gas
sed:
4,4
62
Shel
l sho
ck: 8
95
AWM REL/07652 AWM2016.8.17.1
AWM
REL
/055
81
AWM
E0
0371
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