Education Budgets as % of GDP - Kelas Teknologi Informasi · 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Education Budget as % of GDP ... Sudan Saudi Arabia Yemen Sth.Africa Source 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1

0123456789

10

Education Budget as % of GDPAsia & Sth.Pacific

IndonesiaVietnamCambodiaChinapakistanPhilippinesNepalBruneiJapanSingaporeIndiaThailandHong KongKoreaAustraliaMalaysia

Source0123456789

10

Education Budget as % of GDPMiddle East & Nth.Africa

NigeriaU.A.E.QatarLebanonLibyaOmanTurkeyBahrainSyriaEgyptJordanKuwaitSudanSaudi ArabiaYemenSth.Africa

Source

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Education Budget as % of GDPEurope + USA

Greece

Germany

Italy

Netherlands

Poland

U.K.

Portugal

France

Switzerland

Sweden

Norway

Iceland

DenmarkSource

Education Budgets as % of GDP

0123456789

10

Asia & Sth.Pacific IndonesiaVietnamCambodiaChinapakistanPhilippinesNepalBruneiJapanSingaporeIndiaThailandHong KongKoreaAustraliaMalaysia 0

123456

789

10

Middle East & Nth.Africa NigeriaU.A.E.QatarLebanonLibyaOmanTurkeyBahrainSyriaEgyptJordanKuwaitSudanSaudi ArabiaYemenSth.Africa

0123456789

10

Europe Greece

Germany

Italy

netherlands

Poland

U.K.

Portugal

France

Switzerland

Sweden

Norway

Iceland

Denmark

2

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Number of Computers(per thousand people)Asia & South Pacific

PakistanBangladeshBurmaCambodiaLaosNepalIndiaSri LankaVietnamIndonesiaBruneiChinaPhilippinesThailandMalaysiaSouth KoreaJapanHong KongSingaporeAustraliaSource

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Number of Computers(per thousand people)

Middle East and North Africa

LibyaYemenNigeriaSudanJordanTurkeyOmanSyriaEgyptMoroccoSaudi ArabiaKuwaitU.A.E.QatarBahrainLebanonIranSource

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Number of Computers(per thousand people)

Europe & USASwitzerlandSwedenNetherlandsDenmarkU.K.FranceNorwayGermanyIcelandFinlandItalySpainGreeceUSAsource

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Asian and Sth Pacific PakistanBangladeshBurmaCambodiaLaosNepalIndiaSri LankaVietnamIndonesiaBruneiChinaPhilippinesThailandMalaysiaSouth KoreaJapanHong KongSingaporeAustralia 0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Middle East & Nth. Africa LibyaYemenNigeriaSudanJordanTurkeyOmanSyriaEgyptMoroccoSaudi ArabiaKuwaitU.A.E.QatarBahrainLebanonIran

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Europe & USA Switzerland

Sweden

Netherlands

Denmark

U.K.

France

Norway

Germany

Iceland

Finland

Italy

Spain

Greece

USA

Number of Computers (Per Thousand People)

3

0

50

100

150

200

Total Number of Computers (in million)Asian and Sth Pacific Pakistan

BangladeshBurmaCambodiaLaosNepalIndiaSri LankaVietnamIndonesiaBruneiChinaPhilippinesThailandMalaysiaSouth KoreaJapanHong KongSingaporeAustraliaSource Source

0

50

100

150

200

Total Number of Computers (in millions)Middle East & Nth. Africa

LibyaYemenNigeriaSudanJordanTurkeyOmanSyriaEgyptMoroccoSaudi ArabiaKuwaitU.A.E.QatarBahrainLebanonIran

0

50

100

150

200

Total Number of Computers (in millions)Europe & USA

Switzerland

Sweden

Netherlands

Denmark

U.K.

France

Norway

Germany

Iceland

Finland

Italy

Spain

Greece

USASource

Total Number of Computers (in millions)

0

50

100

150

200

Europe & US Switzerland

Sweden

Netherlands

Denmark

U.K.

France

Norway

Germany

Iceland

Finland

Italy

Spain

Greece

USA

0

50

100

150

200

Asian and Sth Pacific PakistanBangladeshBurmaCambodiaLaosNepalIndiaSri LankaVietnamIndonesiaBruneiChinaPhilippinesThailandMalaysiaSouth KoreaJapanHong KongSingaporeAustralia

0

50

100

150

200

Middle East & Nth. Africa LibyaYemenNigeriaSudanJordanTurkeyOmanSyriaEgyptMoroccoSaudi ArabiaKuwaitU.A.E.QatarBahrainLebanonIran

4

Knowledge Engineering

The Following Six Slides Represent Data From A SelectionOf Countries about Fixed Telephone Lines X 000’s and Per 100 People in The Regions of Europe + USA, Middle East + Nth.Africa + Asia Pacific.

Fixed Telephone Lines X 000’s – Asia Pacific

A ust r al i a

Br unei

Chi na

Indonesi a

Hong K ong,

Lao P .D.R.

M al di ves

Nepal

P hi l i ppi nes

Sr i Lanka

T hai l and

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

Austr al ia

Bangladesh

Br unei

Cambodia

China

India

Indonesia

Japan

Hong Kong,

Kor ea

Lao P.D.R.

Malaysia

Maldives

Myanmar

Nepal

Pakistan

Phi l ippines

Singapor e

Sr i Lanka

Taiwan

Thai land

Viet NamSource

Fixed Telephone Lines X 000’s – Middle East + Nth.Africa

2002

(000

s)

2007

Bahrain

Iran (I.R.)

Kuwait

Lebanon

Nigeria

Qatar

Sudan

Turkey

Yemen

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

Bahrain

Egypt

Iran (I.R.)

Jordan

Kuwait

Libya

Lebanon

Morocco

Nigeria

Oman

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Sudan

Syria

Turkey

UAE

YemenSource

Fixed telephone Lines X 000’s – Europe + USA

2002 2007

Denmark

France

Greece

Italy

Norway

Portugal

Sweden

U K

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Telephone Lines Per 100 Persons - Europe - USA Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Iceland

Italy

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Source

5

Fixed Telephone Lines X 000’s

Denmar k

Ger many

I tal y

Pol and

Sweden

USA

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

200000

Denmar k

Fi nl and

Fr ance

Ger many

Gr eec e

Icel and

I tal y

Nether l ands

Nor way

Pol and

Por tugal

Spai n

Sweden

Swi tzer l and

U K

USA

B ahr ai n

Jor dan

Lebanon

Oman

Sudan

UA E

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

B ahr ai n

E gypt

I r an (I .R. )

Jor dan

K uwai t

Li bya

Lebanon

M or occo

Niger i a

Oman

Qatar

Saudi Ar abi a

Sudan

Syr i a

T ur key

UAE

Y emen

Aust r alia

Chin a

Hon g Kon g,

M aldives

Philippin es

T hailan d

0

5 0 0 0 0

10 0 0 0 0

15 0 0 0 0

2 0 0 0 0 0

2 5 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 0 0 0

3 5 0 0 0 0

4 0 0 0 0 0

A ust r al i aB angl adeshB r uneiCambodi aChi naI ndi aI ndonesi aJapanHong K ong, K or ea Lao P .D. R.M al ays i aM al di vesM yanmarNepalP aki st anP hi l i ppi nesSi ngapor eSr i LankaT ai wan

Fixed Telephone Lines Per 100 People – Europe + USA

2002 2007

DenmarkFinland

FranceGermany

GreeceIceland

ItalyNetherlands

NorwayPoland

PortugalSpain

SwedenSwitzerland

U KUSA

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

DenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceIcelandItalyNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalSpainSwedenSwitzerlandU KUSA

Source

Fixed Telephone Lines Per 100 People – Asia Pacific

2002

2007

Australia

Brunei

China

Indonesia

Hong Kong,

Lao P.D.R.

Maldives

Nepal

PhilippinesSri Lanka

Thailand

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Australia

Bangladesh

Brunei

Cambodia

China

India

Indonesia

Japan

Hong Kong,

Korea

Lao P.D.R.

Malaysia

Maldives

Myanmar

Nepal

Pakistan

Philippines

Singapore

Sri Lanka

Taiwan

Thailand

Viet Nam

source

Fixed Telephone Lines Per 100 People – Middle East + Nth.Africa

2002 2007

Bahrain

Egypt

Iran (I.R.)

JordanKuw ait

LibyaLebanon

MoroccoNigeria

OmanQatar

Saudi ArabiaSudan

SyriaTurkey

UAEYemen

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Bahrain

Egypt

Iran (I.R.)

Jordan

Kuw ait

Libya

Lebanon

Morocco

Nigeria

Oman

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Sudan

Syria

Turkey

UAE

Yemen

source

6

Fixed Telephone Lines Per 100 people

Austr al i a

Cambodia

Indonesia

Kor ea

Maldives

Pakistan

Sr i LankaViet Nam

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Austr al i a

Bangladesh

Brunei

Cambodia

China

India

Indonesia

Japan

Hong Kong,

Kor ea

Lao P.D.R.

Malaysia

Maldives

Myanmar

Nepal

Pakistan

Phi l ippines

Singapor e

Sr i Lanka

Taiwan

Thai land

Viet Nam

2002 200 7D en m ark

F in la ndF ranc e

Ge rm an yGre ece

Ic elandIta ly

N etherlandsN o rwa y

P olandP ortuga l

SpainS w ede n

Sw itze rlandU K

U SA

0

10

20

3 0

4 0

50

60

70

80

Den m arkF in lan dFranc eG erm a nyG reec eIc elandIta lyNet herlan dsNorw ayPo lan dPo rtugalSp ainSw e denSw itze rlandU KUS A

Bahr ai nEgypt

I r an (I .R. )Jor dan

Kuwai tLi bya

LebanonMor occo

Ni ger i aOman

QatarSaudi Ar abi a

SudanSyr i a

T ur keyUA E

Yemen

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Bahr ain

Egypt

Ir an (I .R.)

Jor dan

Kuwai t

Li bya

Lebanon

Mor occo

Niger ia

Oman

Qatar

Saudi Ar abia

Sudan

Syr ia

Turkey

UAE

Yemen


The Following Six Slides Represent Data From A Selection of Countries,About Mobile Telephone Line Subscribers In The Regions Of Europe and USA, Middle East + Nth.Africa and Asia Pacific.

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

'02 '07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers X 000’s – Europe - USA

DenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceIcelandIrelandItalyNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUKUSA

Source:

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

'02 '07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers X 000’s – Asia Pacific

AustraliaBangladeshBruneiCambodiaChinaHong Kong, IndiaIndonesiaJapanKorea Lao P.D.R.MalaysiaMaldivesMyanmarNepalPakistanPhilippinesSingaporeSri LankaTaiwanThailand

Source

7

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

'02 '07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers X 000’s – Middle East & Nth. Africa

BahrainEgyptIran (I.R.)JordanLebanonLibyaMoroccoNigeriaOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSudanSyriaTurkeyUAEYemen

Source

Mobile Cellular Subscribers X 000’s

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

'02 '07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers X 000’s – Europe - USA


0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

'02 '07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers X 000’s – Asia Pacific


0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

'02 '07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers X 000’s – Middle East & Nth. Africa


020406080

100120140160180

'07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers Per 100 people Middle East & Nt.Africa


Source

020406080

100120140160180

'07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers Per 100 People Asia + Sth.Pacific


Source:

8

020406080

100120140160180

'07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers Per 100 People Europe + U.S.A


Source:

Mobile Cellular Subscribers Per 100 People

020406080

100120140160180

'07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers Per 100 people Middle East & Nt.Africa


020406080

100120140160180

'07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers Per 100 People Asia + Sth.Pacific


020406080

100120140160180

'07

Mobile Cellular Subscribers Per 100 People Europe + U.S.A



The Following Six Slides Represent Data From A Selection of Countries,About Internet Users In The Regions Of Asia Pacific, Middle East + Nth.Africa,Europe and USA.

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

(000s)

Internet Users X 000’s – Europe + USA

USADenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceIrelandItalyNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUK

Source:

9

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

Users

Internet Users X 000’s _ Middle East + Nth.Africa

BahrainEgyptIran (I.R.)JordanKuwaitLebanonLibyaMoroccoNigeriaOmanQatarSaudi ArabiaSudanSyriaTurkeyUAEYemen

Source

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

(000

s)

Internet Users X 000’s – Asia Pacific

AustraliaBangladeshBrunei CambodiaChinaHong Kong, ChinaIndiaIndonesiaIran (I.R.)JapanKoreaLao P.D.R.MalaysiaMaldivesNepalPakistanPhilippinesSingaporeSri LankaTaiwanThailandViet Nam

Source:

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

(000s)

Internet Users X 000’s – Europe + USA

USADenmarkFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceIrelandItalyNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUK 0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

Users

Internet Users X 000’s _ Middle East + Nth.Africa


Internet Users X 000’s

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

(000

s)

Internet Users X 000’s – Asia Pacific


Internet Users % Population – Europe + USA

100 's

USA

Finland

Germany

Ireland

NetherlandsPoland

SpainSw itzerland

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

USA

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Ireland

Italy

Netherlands

Norw ay

Poland

Portugal

Spain

Sw eden

Sw itzerland

UK

Source:

10

Internet Users % Population – Middle East + Nth.AfricaU

sers

per

Bahrain

Jordan

Libya

Oman

Sudan

UAE

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Bahrain

Egypt

Iran (I.R.)

Jordan

Kuw ait

Lebanon

Libya

Morocco

Nigeria

Oman

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Sudan

Syria

Turkey

UAE

Y

Source

0102030405060708090

100

100's



Source:

0102030405060708090

100

100's

Internet Users % Population – Middle East + Nth.Africa


Source

0102030405060708090

100

100's

Internet Users % Population – Asia Pacific


Source:

11

Internet Users As a % of Population

0102030405060708090

100

100's



0102030405060708090

100

100's

Internet Users % Population – Middle East + Nth.Africa


0102030405060708090

100

100's

Internet Users % Population – Asia Pacific



The Following Six Slides represent a Comparison of Internet and Broadband Subscribers in The Regions Of Asia Pacific, Middle East + Nth.Africa,Europe and USA

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Per 100 100's 2007

Subscribers per 100's. 2007

Europe + USA

Internet and Broadband Subscribers as % of Population

source

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Middle East + Nth.Africa Internet and Broadband Subscribers as % of Population

Per 100 100's 2007

Subscribers per 100 's2007

Source:

12

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

A sia Pacif ic Int ernet + B road band Subscrib ers as % o f Po pulat ion

Broadband SubscribersPopulat ion % 2007

Internet SubscribersPopulat ion % 2007

Source:

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

USA

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

Greece

Irelan

dIta

ly

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portuga

lSpain

Sweden

Switzerla

nd UK

Europe + USA Internet + Broadband Subscribers X 000's

Broadband Subscribers X 000's 2007Internet Subscribers X 000's 2007

Source:

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Bahrai

n

Iran (

I.R.)

Kuwait

Libya

Nigeria

Qatar

Sudan

Turkey

Yemen

Middle East + Nth.Africa Internet + Broadband Subscribers X 000"s

BroadbandSubscribers X 000's2007

Internet Subscribers X000's 2007

Source:

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

Austra

lia

Bangla

desh

Brunei

Cambodia

China

Hong Kong

India

Indon

esia

Iran (

I.R.)

Japa

nKore

a

Lao P

.D.R

.

Malays

ia

Maldive

sNepa

l

Pakist

an

Philipp

ines

Singap

ore

Sri Lan

ka

Taiwan

Thaila

nd

Viet N

am

Asia Pacific Internet and Broadband Subscribers X 000's

Broadband Subscribers X 000's 2007

Internet Subscribers X 000's 2007

Source:

13

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

USA

Denmark

FinlandFrance

Germany

Greece

Irelan

dIta

ly

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portuga

lSpain

Sweden

Switzerla

nd UK

Europe + USA Internet and Broadband Subscribers as % of Population

Per 100 100's 2007Subscribers per 100 's. 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Bahrain

Egypt

Iran (I.R.)

Jordan

Kuwa

it

Lebanon

Libya

Morocco

Nigeria

Oman

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Sudan

Syria

Turkey

UAE

Yemen

Middle East + Nth.Africa Internet and Broadband Subscribers as % of Population

Per 100 100's 2007Subscribers per 100 's 2007

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Austra

lia

Bangla

desh

Brunei

Cambodia

China

Hong K

ongInd

ia

Indon

esia

Iran (

I.R.)

Japa

nKore

a

Lao P

.D.R

.

Malays

ia

Maldive

sNepa

l

Pakist

an

Philipp

ines

Singap

ore

Sri Lan

ka

Taiwan

Thaila

nd

Viet N

am

Asia Pacific Internet and Broadband Subscribers as % of Population

Broadband Subscribers Population % 2007Internet Subscribers Population % 2007

Internet + Broadband Subscribers as % of Population Internet + Broadband Subscribers X 000’s

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

USA

Denmark

Finland

France

Germany

GreeceIre

land

Italy

Ne therlandsNo rway

P oland

Portuga l

S pain

Sweden

Switzerla

nd UK

Europe + USA Internet + Broadband Subscribers X 000's


0

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Bahrain

Egypt

Iran (

I.R.)

Jorda

n

Kuwait

Leban

onLib

ya

Morocc

o

Nigeria

OmanQata

r

Saudi

Arabia

Sudan

Syria

Turkey

UAE

Yemen

Middle East + Nth.Africa Internet + Broadband Subscribers X 000"s


0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

Australia

Bangladesh

Brun

ei

Cambo

dia

China

Hong Kon

g

India

Indone

sia

Iran (I.R.)

Japan

Korea

Lao P.D.R.

Malaysia

Maldiv

es

Nepal

Pakis

tan

Philip

pines

Singap

ore

Sri Lanka

Taiwan

Thailan

d

Viet Na

m

Asia Pacific Internet and Broadband Subscribers X 000's


0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

Bahr

ain

Egyp

tJo

rdan

Kuwa

itLe

bano

nLi

bya

Mor

occo

Nige

riaO

man

Qat

arSa

udi A

rabi

aSu

dan

Syria

Turk

ey

UAE

Yem

en

Middle East + Nth.AfricaPublic Expenditure Per Student in

PPP US$

TertiarySecondaryPrimary

Source:

Europe + USA Public Expenditure Per Student in PPP US$

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

Denmark

Finlan

d

Fran

ce

German

y

Greec

e

Hollan

d

Norway

Portug

al

Sweden

Switzerl

and

U.KUSA


Source:

14

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Aust

ralia

Bang

lades

hBr

unei

Cam

bodia

Chin

aIn

done

siaLa

osM

alay

siaPh

ilippin

esSi

ngap

ore

Thail

and

Viet

nam

Asia + Sth.PacificPublic Expenditure Per Student in PPP US$


source

Europe + USA Public Expenditure on Education as a % of Government

Expenditure

010203040

Denmark

Finlan

d

France

German

y

Greece

Hollan

d

Norway

Portug

al

Sweden

Switzerl

and

U.KUSA

%

source

Middle East + Nth.Africa Public Expenditure on Education as a % of Total Government Expenditure

05

1015202530

BahrainEgy

pt

Jordan

Kuwa it

Lebano

nLiby

a

MoroccoNig eri

aOman

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

SudanSyri

aTurk

eyUAE

Yemen

%

source

Asia + Sth.Pacific Public Expenditure on Education as a % of Total Government Expenditure

05

1015202530

Austra

lia

Banglad

eshBrun

ei

Cambo

diaChin

a

Indon

esia

Laos

Malaysi

a

Philippin

es

Singapo

re

Thailand

Vietna

m

%

source

15

Figure 10 shows that the greater a country’s Gross Domestic Product per capita, the greater its secondary

Percentage of Technical/Vocational Enrolment. For instance, the three countries with the highest PTVEs -

Australia, Belgium and the United Kingdom - also have very high GDP per capita; meanwhile, Malawi, Nigeand Nigeria have low

values for both GDP per capita and PTVEs.Some neighbouring and/or relatively homogeneous countries tend to

cluster, e.g. all five Nordic countries havehigh income levels and PTVE between 20% and 35%;

Japan and the Republic of Korea have similarly high income and PTVE around 15%; and Armenia and Azerbaijan have lower income and very

low PTVE.There are exceptions, however. The United States and Ireland do not

have secondary vocational educationdespite their high GDP per capita. In contrast, Suriname and Panama are

middle-income countries with veryhigh PTVE.

Percentages of Technical/Vocational Enrolment in secondary by GDP per capita (logarithm)

Percentages of Technical/Vocational Enrolment in secondary by GDP per

capita

Fig:10

Source:

I.T. and World Development

The Human Development Index (HDI) is an index combining normalized measures of life expectancy, literacy, educational attainment, and GDP per capita for countries worldwide. It is claimed as a standard means of measuring human development— a concept that, according to the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), refers to the process of widening the options of persons, giving them greater opportunities for education, healthcare, income, employment, etc. The basic use of HDI is to rank countries by level of "human development", which usually also implies to determine whether a country is a developed, developing, or underdeveloped country.

Human Development Index

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World map indicating Human Development Index (2007

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Digital Opportunity Index

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The Digital Divide is real and growing in many casesThe ability to move into the Digital Age will effect each country’s future growth opportunities and impact greatly it’s industries and citizens.Many countries are not well placed at this time and need a Digital Rescue package in order to catch up and compete.An effective national IT policy must be multi-sectored and target changes and give incentives

The Digital DivideThe Digital Divide


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The Knowledge Economy and Economic Performance

Economic development and knowledge are closely related (figure 4).In fact, the correlation between the accumulation of knowledge, as measured by the KEI, and levels of economic developmentis around 87 percent.Countries with higher KEI values tend to have higher levels of economic development,and vice versa.

This positive correlation does not establish a causal relationship between the KEI and economic development.

In fact, it is very plausible that high-income countries, because they are more affluent, are able to afford more investments in knowledge. The correlation, by itself, does not permit us to predict with any degree of certainly that building up certain forms of knowledge in a poor country will be sure to produce economic growth anytime soon.

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Technology and Development Technology and Development

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Education Budgets as % of GDP - Kelas Teknologi Informasi · 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Education Budget as % of GDP ... Sudan Saudi Arabia Yemen Sth.Africa Source 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10