EDT 300 - Foundation Plan Design1 Weekend Cabin Retreat Project Foundations Sacramento City College EDT 300

EDT 300 - Foundation Plan Design

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Weekend Cabin Retreat ProjectWeekend Cabin Retreat ProjectFoundationsFoundations

Sacramento City CollegeEDT 300

2 EDT 300 - Foundation Plan Design

ObjectivesObjectives Identify the primary features

included in a foundation plan.

Discuss the difference between a foundation plan and a basement plan.

Design and draw a foundation plan for a typical residential structure.


The Foundation Plan The Foundation Plan

The foundation plan is a plan view drawing in section showing the location and size of: footings piers columns foundation walls supporting beams.

It is usually drawn after the floor plan and elevations have been roughed out.


The Foundation PlanThe Foundation Plan

A foundation plan ordinarily includes the following. Footings for foundation walls, piers, and

columns (hidden lines) Foundation walls. Piers and columns. Dwarf walls (low walls built to retain an

excavation or embankment). Partial walls, doors, and bath fixtures if the

house has a basement.


Foundation WallsFoundation Walls

Foundation walls are of four basic types: T-foundation slab foundation pier or post foundation permanent wood foundation


Foundation TypesFoundation Types


Foundation TypesFoundation Types


Foundation WallsFoundation Walls

The type chosen for a particular situation will depend upon the weight to be supported load bearing capacity of the soil location of the foundation in the building climate local codes preferred building practice.

All should be considered when designing a foundation.


T-FoundationsT-Foundations

Most common foundation type Looks like an inverted T. The foundation and footing are

usually two separate parts but may be cast as a single unit.


Slab FoundationsSlab Foundations

slab floor. It is placed at the same time the

floor is cast and is not a separate unit.

It is sometimes called a thickened edge slab.



The foundation wall should extend down below the frost line, as in the case of the T-foundation.

Use of steel reinforcing bars or mesh is recommended for the slab foundation to prevent cracking due to settling.



Some of the primary advantages of the slab foundation requires less time, expense, and labor to

construct. no separate footing is required, excavation

is not as extensive as for the T-foundation. Less time is required since the entire

foundation and floor is placed in one operation.

EDT 300 - Foundation Plan Design

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Pier and Post FoundationsPier and Post Foundations



Some of the primary advantages of the slab foundation requires less time, expense, and labor to

construct. no separate footing is required, excavation

is not as extensive as for the T-foundation. Less time is required since the entire

foundation and floor is placed in one operation.



Many situations in residential construction lend themselves to the use of piers, columns and posts.

Cheaper and just as satisfactory to use piers rather than the T-foundation under parts of the building. Example: a crawl space is planned and the

distance is too great for a single span, the pier foundation is a logical choice,







Drawing A Foundation PlanDrawing A Foundation Plan

1. Select the scale. Residential structures are usually drawn to

1/4" = 1 '-0" scale.



2. Locate the outline of the foundation walls on the paper allowing ample space for dimensions, notes, and title block.

Use the floor plan as an underlay or draw the foundation plan from dimensions obtained from the floor plan.





3. Draw the foundation walls, piers and columns, and the foundation for a chimney (fireplace).


Footing ShapesFooting Shapes

Footings increase the supporting capacity of the foundation wall by spreading the load over a larger area.




Foundation walls should be centered along the footing.

The footing will project beyond each side of the foundation wall a distance equal to one-half the thickness of the foundation wall.

If the soil load bearing capacity is very poor, the size of footings should be increased and reinforced with steel.



The footings must be large enough to minimize the effects of: settlement of the structure. unequal compressibility of the soil.

to reduce cracking. The weight of most homes is

greater on two of the four walls which causes unequal loading.




4. Indicate breaks in the foundation wall for windows, doors, access holes, and vents.

5. Lay out and draw the footings for the foundation walls. Use a hidden line symbol to show the edge

of the footing.



6. Draw the footings to be used for the piers and columns.

7. Draw the footings for the fireplace and chimney.

8. Locate the supporting beam if one is required. Draw the beam using a thick center line symbol.



9. Show the size, spacing, and direction of floor joists or trusses using the standard symbol.



10. Identify the location of sections needed to provide additional information.

11. Draw the necessary sections and dimension them as shown in Fig. 10-7.



12. Determine the location of dimensions needed to show the size of all aspects of the foundation. The length and thickness of all foundation

wall segments must be dimensioned. Piers are dimensioned to the center rather

than to the edge.

13. Draw the dimension lines and add the required dimensions.



14. Letter any necessary notes.

15. Shade the foundation wall drawings with proper symbols.



16. Add the title block, scale, and name of drawing in the proper location.

17. Check drawing to be sure you have included all necessary information.

















Documents

EDT 300 - Foundation Plan Design1 Weekend Cabin Retreat Project Foundations Sacramento City College EDT 300