Edsgn Project 2

8/13/2019 Edsgn Project 2

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By : Tim Kovacs, Andrew Carroll,

Matt Moore, Sid Nalluri



Why change? Fuel cells have the capacity to quickly increase the

productivity of cars while considerably decreasing airpollution.

Emits water

Global warming directly links to mankind's highdependence on fossil fuels

Hydrogen Economy : Promising alternative to theFossil Fuel Economy



Problem Statement This project basically focuses on creating a Hydrogen

fueling station in the city of Reading, Pennsylvania, with the ultimate goal of providing greener fuels likehydrogen and HCNG to all types of transportationfacilities in the city. This project has many hurdles totackle, like issues considering the renewable resourcesthat can be used, efficient and safe fuel dispensingtechniques, fuel storage, cost estimation etc.



Reading, PA Population – approx. 88,000

Area – approx. 10 sq. miles

Current bus system 57 buses

22 routes

Similar to CATA



H₂ Production Off-Site Production (on outskirts of city)

Produced by using wastewater from the city

Wastewater collection facility located on outskirts ofcity

Wastewater has many bacteria which carry a lot ofenergy

from sewers, breweries or food processing plants Food plants and restaurants have best source of sugars

for fermentation process



H₂ Production continued Steps to Producing Hydrogen

Waste material is heat-treated To kill hydrogen consuming bacteria

Mixed with glucose, sucrose, cellulose, lactate, potatostarch and molasses

Fermentation of glucose and sucrose with soiloccurs(slightly acidic, absence of oxygen)

Large amounts of hydrogen are formed Same process can also produce methane

Gaseous hydrogen can be made into liquid hydrogenfor easier transport



H₂ Supply Liquid H₂ delivered to each station

Stored in large tanks and turned into gaseous H₂ whenneeded

Tanks refilled every 2 days



HCNG Supply CNG obtained by pipeline at production site outside of

city

H₂ delivered by truck and input/mixed with CNG toform HCNG blend

public transportation vehicles

commercial vehicles



H₂ Fueling Station Design

350 BAR pumps

350/700 BARpump

Pump side view



H₂ Fueling Station Design

Birdseye View

Angled Top View



Pump/Nozzle Design

350 BAR – single nozzle

350/700 BAR – twonozzles (one per pressure)

- Tip expands when lockedinto a car so hydrogendoes not escape

- Hose will separate fromhandle if pull apart with

enough force- Automatically shuts

off hydrogen system- Non – f lammable, sturdy,

and durable



General Station Features Touch screen selection menu TV

RFID transceiver on nozzle Ideally, RFID tags located in each Hydrogen Car for payment

convenience

Easy large-vehicle back access to hydrogen tank forconstant and consistent refueling

Mini Mart accessible for general snacking needs Spacious - decrease congestion

Room for fueling cars and parking

Separate side for larger commercial vehicles

Two separate entrances/exits



Amount of Stations 25 H₂ refueling stations around city

Each station has

8 – 350 BAR pumps 4 – 350 and 700 BAR pumps

2 refueling stations on outskirts of city, just for publictransportation

1 station - H₂ refueling (750 BAR) 1 station – HCNG refueling



Stations continued About 80,000 people in

Reading, PA

About 40,000 drive cars

Average person refuelsonce every 9 days

Each station has enough

hydrogen stored to refuelaverage amount of cars perday



Hydrogen Dangers Very Flammable in large concentrations

14 times less energy to ignite hydrogen than natural gas

Very light, however, and most flames dissipate rapidly Rarely explosive

Can still be dangerous to those nearby at origins of

flame Can be toxic if released in confined spaces



Design Safety Emergency shut-off switch in convenience store/mart

Emergency shut-off on hose

Disconnects at certain point on hose Immediately shuts off

Prevents escape of Hydrogen

Fire extinguishers located at each pump

Direct phone link to fire department for event ofemergency



Implementation Costs Approx. $300,000 per pump installed

12 pumps per station, 25 stations =

Approx. $90,000,000 $5.00-6.00 per kg of liquid H₂ (equivalent to 1 gallon of

gasoline)

$1.75-2.25 per therm of CNG (equivalent to approx.

$2.25-2.75 per gallon of gasoline) $2.14 in State College

Documents

Edsgn Project 2