Editorial Novel Developments in Acute Kidney InjuryEditorial Novel Developments in Acute Kidney Injury JeremiahR.Brown, 1,2,3 PeterA.McCullough, 4 andMichaelE.Matheny 5,6,7,8 e Dartmouth

EditorialNovel Developments in Acute Kidney Injury

Jeremiah R. Brown,1,2,3 Peter A. McCullough,4 and Michael E. Matheny5,6,7,8

1The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine, HB 7505, 1 Medical Center Drive,Lebanon, NH 03756, USA2Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, (DHMC), HB 7505, 1 Medical Center Drive,Lebanon, NH 03756, USA3Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC), HB 7505,1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA4Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, 621 North Hall Street, H030, Dallas, TX 75226, USA5Geriatrics Research Education & Clinical Center (GRECC), Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (TVHS),Veteran’s Health Administration, USA6Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,Nashville, TN 37232, USA7Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA8Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA

Correspondence should be addressed to Jeremiah R. Brown; [email protected]

Received 30 June 2016; Accepted 30 June 2016

Copyright © 2016 Jeremiah R. Brown et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.

Over the past decade, acute kidney injury (AKI) has emergedrapidly in the scientific literature and clinical awareness.There have been great strides in understanding the patho-physiology and adverse outcomes associated with AKI. Inthis special issue on acute kidney injury (AKI), contributingauthors discuss novel clinical and experimental researchemerging in the field of AKI.

Clinical. Several contributions provide evaluations of AKI inclinical practice. J. Brown et al. start off the special issue onAKI by reviewing the trends in AKI related hospitalizationin the United States of America over the past decade. O. E.Ibrahim et al. evaluated the association of elevated serum cre-atine kinase (>2500U/mL) as a marker for rhabdomyolysisand AKI after high risk adult cardiac surgery. A. Kwizera etal. explore the association of intermittent hemodialysis fortreating AKI in an African Intensive Care Unit.

Basic Science. Likewise, novel experiments and investigationsto better our understanding of AKI in animal models provideimportant insights into future AKI exploration. C. Jiang et al.report on a novel active ingredient of a Chinese herb knownto be kidney protective called Tanshinone IIA showing a

reduction in folic-acid induced kidney dysfunction throughattenuating renal fibrosis after acute kidney injury in amousemodel through inhibition of fibrocytes recruitment. S. M.Fernandes et al. investigate the association between iodinatedcontrast and renal function in rats with chronic kidneydisease and chronic hyperglycemia.

Several experiments focused on the issue of renalischemia-reperfusion injury in animal models. E. C. Costa-longa et al. examined whether valproic acid could preventrenal ischemia-reperfusion injury and subsequent AKI inmaleWistar rats. S. Ozbilgin et al. explored whether ischemicpreconditioning could prevent reperfusion injury in diabeticrats. Lastly,D.Wen et al. in an in vivomodel discuss the role ofa DNA binding 1 inhibitor during renal ischemia-reperfusioninjury.

Review of the Literature. Two reviews provide a criticalappraisal of the literature on the role of cisplatin nephrotoxic-ity and a technology evaluation on the role of renal magneticresonance imaging in patients with AKI. G. Oh et al. pro-vide a review on cisplatin nephrotoxicity operating throughoxidative stress and inflammation and by the reduction of theintracellular NAD+/NADH ratio. H. Y. Zhou et al. discuss the

Hindawi Publishing CorporationBioMed Research InternationalVolume 2016, Article ID 2756204, 2 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2756204

2 BioMed Research International

role of functional renal magnetic resonance imaging as anassessment tool to evaluate renal morphology and functionin the management of AKI.

Jeremiah R. BrownPeter A. McCulloughMichael E. Matheny

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Editorial Novel Developments in Acute Kidney InjuryEditorial Novel Developments in Acute Kidney Injury JeremiahR.Brown, 1,2,3 PeterA.McCullough, 4 andMichaelE.Matheny 5,6,7,8 e Dartmouth