Editorial Functional Carbon Nanomaterialsfluids.snu.ac.kr/Publication/JNM editorial.pdf · Editorial Functional Carbon Nanomaterials Myoung-WoonMoon,1 Ho-YoungKim,2 AiyingWang,3 andAshkanVaziri4

EditorialFunctional Carbon Nanomaterials

Myoung-Woon Moon,1 Ho-Young Kim,2 Aiying Wang,3 and Ashkan Vaziri4

1 Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea2 Seoul National University, Seoul 151-744, Republic of Korea3 Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China4Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02155, USA

Correspondence should be addressed to Myoung-Woon Moon; [email protected]

Received 4 January 2014; Accepted 4 January 2014; Published 10 February 2014

Copyright © 2014 Myoung-Woon Moon et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.

Carbon nanomaterials have increasingly gained interest dueto their capability of forming various allotropes includingnanotubes, fullerenes, diamond, amorphous carbon, andmore recently, graphene. Carbon nanomaterials or nanos-tructures offer exceptional flexibility in tailoring variousproperties for specific purposes due to their chemical inert-ness. For example, they have resistance to acidic or basicmedia, structural stability at high temperatures in the absenceof air, and tunable chemical nature of hydrophobicity. Differ-ent physical forms of carbonmaterials in nanoscale, includingthin films, graphene foams or sponges, carbon nanotubeforests, carbon fibers, carbon nanowalls, and porous carbonmaterials, can lead to a variety of functions. In additionto chemical and physical modifications, the functions ofcarbon nanomaterials can be altered by adding or dopingmetal elements such as gold, platinum, or silver. Carbonnanomaterials have been widely applied for use in energy,environment, water, biomedicine, and other fields.

The major goals of this special issue are to find novelfabricationmethods for functional carbon nanomaterials andthe modification or nanostructuring of carbon surfaces fornovel functionalization in up-to-date applications. This issueincludes research papers covering a wide range of currentprogress on the modification with physical and chemicalmethods and characterization for functional carbon nanoma-terials and nanostructures, as well as the related applicationsin hard coatings, energy storage and conversion, water fil-tration, catalysts, and decontamination. The combined studyon novel experimental preparation of carbon nanomaterialssuch as carbon nanotubes, amorphous carbon films, and

fullerenes and the theoretical investigations of functional car-bon nanomaterials with first-principles/ab initio calculationare presented.Moreover, in this special issue, some papers areparticularly invited to address the above mentioned issues.

One paper of this special issue presents the functionalcoating of W-incorporated diamond-like carbon (W-C :H)films fabricated by a hybrid beams system consisting of a DCmagnetron sputtering and a linear ion source. It shows thatthe films mainly exhibited the feature of amorphous carbonwhen W concentration in the films was less than 4.38 at.%,where the incorporated W atoms would be bonded with Catoms and resulted in the formation of nanoparticles alongwith aminimumvalue of residual compressive stress, a higherhardness, and better tribological properties.

Most papers in this special issue provide the functional-ization of carbon nanotubes with doping and special mod-ifications. Another paper explores field emission propertiesof carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with boron doping and H

2O

adsorption using ab initio calculations. They investigated theelectron field emission performance of CNTs simultaneouslyadsorbed with one H

2O molecule and doped with one

boron atom (BCNT + H2O). The results indicate that the

electrons are localized at the top of BCNT + H2O and

the electronic density of states (DOS) around the Fermilevel is enhanced. A different paper addresses nitrogen-doped CNTs synthesized by pyrolysis of (4-{[(pyridine-4-yl)methylidene]amino}phenyl) ferrocene in a solution ofeither acetonitrile or toluene as carbon source. Acetonitrilewas found to produce mainly N-CNTs with “bamboo” mor-phology while toluene formed a mixture of pristine CNTs

Hindawi Publishing CorporationJournal of NanomaterialsVolume 2014, Article ID 202143, 2 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/202143

http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/202143

2 Journal of Nanomaterials

and N-CNTs in the ratio of 1 : 1. The authors of anotherpaper addressed adsorption of Eu(III) on multiwalled CNTsin terms of effects of pH, ionic strength, solid-liquid ratio, andwater-soluble fullerene. The sorption process was influencedstrongly by pH changes and ionic strength. An additionalpaper of this issue reports a comparative investigationof the antibacterial activity of two water-soluble fullerenederivatives bearing protonated amine (AF) and deprotonatedcarboxylic groups appended to the fullerene cage via organiclinkers. It reveals that the water-soluble cationic fullerenederivative AF possesses promising antibacterial activity,which might be utilized in the development of novel typesof chemical disinfectants.

One more paper addresses decontamination of surfacesexposed to carbon-based nanotubes andnanomaterials. Con-tamination of surfaces by nanomaterials can happen dueto accidental spillage and release or gradual accumulationduring processing or handling. The article proposes andinvestigates a potential method for surface decontaminationof carbon-based nanomaterials using solvent cleaning andwipes. The results show that the removal efficiencies forsingle- andmultiwalled carbonnanotubes from siliconwaferssprayed with water-surfactant solutions prior to mechanicalwiping are greater than 90% and 95%, respectively. The needfor further studies to understand the mechanisms of nano-material removal from surfaces and development of standardtechniques for surface decontamination of nanomaterials ishighlighted.

Acknowledgments

The editors would like to thank the authors for their contri-butions to this special issue and the reviewers for their timeand dedication.

Myoung-Woon MoonHo-Young KimAiying WangAshkan Vaziri

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Editorial Functional Carbon Nanomaterialsfluids.snu.ac.kr/Publication/JNM editorial.pdf · Editorial Functional Carbon Nanomaterials Myoung-WoonMoon,1 Ho-YoungKim,2 AiyingWang,3 andAshkanVaziri4