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Slides for Lecturers

By Phil Hughes MBE and Ed Ferrett

Physical and psychological health hazards and control

Chapter 15

After reading this chapter you should be able to:

1. Identify work processes and practices that may give rise to musculoskeletal health problems (in particular work-related upper limb disorders – WRULD) and suggest practical control measures

2. Identify common welfare and work environment requirements in the workplace3. Describe the health effects associated with exposure to noise and suggest appropriate control measures4. Describe the health effects associated with exposure to vibration and suggest appropriate control measures5. Describe the principal health effects associated with heat, ionising and non-ionising radiation and outline basic protection techniques6. Explain the causes and effects of stress at work and suggest appropriate control actions7. Describe the situations that present a risk of violence towards employees and suggest ways of minimizing such risk8. Describe the effects on health and safety of alcohol and drugs and outline control actions.

Physical and psychological health hazards and control

Figure 15.1 Workstation ergonomic design improvements

After (a high chair could also be

provided)

Before

Figure 15.2 Poor workstation layout may cause WRULD

Figure 15.3 Injuries which can be caused by hand-arm vibration

Figure 15.4 Mounted breaker to reduce vibration for the operator

Figure 15. 5 Vibrating Roller

Figure 15.6 Workstation design

Figure 15.7 Well lit workplace

Figure 15.8 Better to control noise at source rather than wear ear protection

Figure 9 Passage of sound waves (a)The ear with cochlea uncoiledand (b) summary of

transmission

Figure 15.10 and Table 15.6 Typical ear protection zone signs and sound pressure levels

Table 15.7 Need for a noise assessment

Figure 15.11 Noise paths found in a workplace

(a) The quiet area is subjected to reflected noise from a machine somewhere else in the building

(b) The correct use of absorption in the roof will reduce the reflected noise reaching the quiet area

(c) Segregation of the noisy operation will benefit the whole workplace

Figure 15.12 Heat equation

Figure 15.13 Ionizing Radiation warning signs

The IAEA Ionizing Radiation warning symbol –ISO 21482Recently introduced

The radiation hazard symbol

Figure 15.14 A Class 4 laser setup for defeatable access control for properly trained persons

Figure 15.15 Specialized eye protection for work with lasers

Figure 15.16 Security coded access and surveillance CCTV

Typical noise assessment record