EDEA

EDEA

EDEA Compass

Diagnostic guide for EDEA testers

1

Menu

EDEA Compass Diagnostic Flow Charts

Basic Theory

How to use the Program

Please select an option

2

Right clicking the Left arrow icon takes you back to last screen viewed.

Right clicking the Right arrow icon takes you to the next screen.

Right clicking the Home icon takes you back to last menu viewed.

Right clicking the Yes icon guides you through the flow chart.

Right clicking the No icon guides you through the flow chart.

Right clicking the Help icon provides information about the test procedure.

Right clicking the Picture icon displays a picture of the subject under discussion.

Right clicking the Video icon plays a video of the subject under discussion.

.

How to use the program

3Right clicking the Toolbox icon demonstrates a testing procedure.

.

Not starting

Poor Idle

Power Loss

Misfire

Cutting out

Diagnostic Flow Chart Menu

Click on the heading which best describes the vehicles symptoms

4

Does the vehicle have spark at the plugs?

No Start

5

Always test for initial spark loss just prior to the spark plug. The reason for testing for spark at this point is that if spark is tested further “upstream” and there is a good spark, the technician may incorrectly assume that the vehicle has spark when it fact it may not have spark further down the ignition system closer to the spark plugs.

So to avoid confusion always make initial checks at this end of the ignition system.

No Start

6

Disconnect from spark plug and test for spark here

Connect this side of the spark tester to ground.

Ignition lead

Testing for spark using the EDEA spark tester

7




Use the spark tester provided in the EDEA tester kit

For an to avoid misdiagnosis test for spark at the last point of the ignition system prior to the spark plugs. If the system has ignition leads test at the lead end that connects to the spark plugs. Testing for spark further up the ignition system may give misleading results leading to lost time.

Distributor ignition system

Coil over plug (COP) ignition system

Coil pack or distributor less ignition system




Vehicle has no spark at the plugs.

What type of ignition system does the vehicle have?

Coil Over Plug

Coil Pack

Distributer

No Start

8

Identify the ignition system

99

Use the spark tester provided in the EDEA tester kit

For an to avoid misdiagnosis test for spark at the last point of the ignition system prior to the spark plugs. If the system has ignition leads test at the lead end that connects to the spark plugs. Testing for spark further up the ignition system may give misleading results leading to lost time.

Distributor ignition system

Coil over plug (COP) ignition system

Coil pack or distributor less ignition system


The vehicle has a coil over plug ignition system

Is there battery voltage at the coil over plug connector plug when disconnected?

No Start

10

Why disconnect the plug terminal when testing battery voltage.

Why disconnect the connector plug when measuring for voltage at the ignition coil

11

Why disconnect the connector plug when testing battery voltage.

Test for battery voltage at the coil with the plug terminal disconected

The EDEA ignition tester is able to measure voltages from 0 to 15 Volts in one Volt increments with an accuracy of 0.5 volts. The voltmeter has a capture mode that can be configured to detect unwanted drops or rises in voltage. When the tester is in capture mode and an event is detected, the tester will count and record the amount of times the event occurs.

To use the voltmeter function of the EDEA tester connect the red test lead to the top of the EDEA tester. For more information refer to the Instructional CD ROM. Main menu / Extra testing procedures / Voltmeter

Only the LED’s in the SPEED panel are used to display voltage.



There is battery voltage at the coil over plug terminal with the plug disconected

Is the coil receiving a switching signal?

No Start

13



There is battery voltage at the coil over plug terminal with the plug disconnected

The coil is receiving a switching signal

Does the coil have a good ground connection?

No Start

14



There is battery voltage at the coil over plug terminal with the plug disconected

The coil is not receiving a switching signal

Is there battery voltage at the injector connector plug, with plug removed plug from the injector?

No Start

15


Why disconnect the injector connector plug when testing for voltage

16


Test for battery voltage at the injector with the plug connector disconnected






There is battery voltage at the coil over plug terminal with the plug disconnected

The coil is receiving a switching signal

The coil has a good ground connection

Test the coil is it functioning correctly?

No Start

18


What type of ignition system does the vehicle have?

Vehicle

No Start

19

Vehicle has no spark at plugs


The vehicle does not have a battery voltage at the coil

Is there battery voltage at the injector, with the injector plug disconnected?

No Start

20

Click the question mark icon below if you are unclear as to why you would disconnect the injector plug before testing for voltage at the injector.


Vehicle has no injection pulse.

There is a 12 volt supply to the injector with the injector plug disconnected

Perform a volt drop test.

Does the injector voltage supply wire pass the volt drop test?

Please click the question mark icon below if you are unclear as to what a volt drop test is.

No Start

21



The vehicle does not have battery voltage at the coil

The vehicle does not have battery voltage at the injectors

Can you hear the fuel pump prime when you turn the key to the on position?

No Start

22





The fuel pump cannot be heard priming when the ignition key is turned to the on

position.

Can you hear any relays click when the ignition key is turned to the on position?

No Start

23





The fuel pump cannot be heard priming when the ignition key is turned to the on position

No relays can be heard clicking when the ignition key is turned to the on position

Is there an injector pulse at the injector?

No Start

24







There is no injector pulse at the injector

From this information it appears that the ECU is not operating.

Check all fuses associated with the EFI system or ignition system.

Are any of the fuse blown?

No Start

25







Vehicle has no injection pulse

None of the EFI or ignition fuses are blown.


Is there power at any of the ECU pins?

No Start

26








None of the EFI or ignition fuses are blown

None of the ECU pins have battery voltage

Can it be determined where the ECU receives battery voltage?

No Start

27










It can not be determined where the ECU receives battery voltage

Do you have a wiring diagram?

No Start

28











The technician does not have a wiring diagram

/?????????????????????????????????

Contact EDEA // Cable tracer?

No Start

29











The technician has a wiring diagram.

Can you determine from the wiring diagram from where the ECU receives battery voltage?

No Start

30










It can be determined where the ECU receives battery voltage

Is there voltage at this source?

No Start

31











There is no voltage at the source the ECU receives battery voltage from

Can it be determined where this source receives battery voltage from?

No Start

32











The technician has a wiring diagram

The technician cannot determine the ECU battery voltage source using the wiring diagram

???????????????????????????????????????????

No Start

33












It can not be determined where the battery voltage source to the ECU receives it voltage from.


No Start

34














From the wiring diagram can you determine where the ECU battery source receives its voltage from?

No Start

35



Vehicle has no voltage at the injector

The fuel pump can be heard to prime when the ignition key is turned to the on position

It can not be determined where the injector supply voltage source is


No Start

36









There is power on some of the ECU pins

Is there power on the ECU pins that are the main supply to the ECU?

No Start

37










There is no power on the main supply pins of the ECU

Can you determine where the main ECU power supply comes from?

No Start

38










There is no power on the main supply to the ECU

It can be determined where the ECU receives it main supply from

Is there voltage at the source where the ECU receives its main supply?

No Start

39












There is no battery voltage at the source where the ECU receives its main supply

Can you determine the reason why there is not voltage at this source?

No Start

40













It can be determined why there is no voltage at the souce that supplies the ECU battery voltage

Repair this fault, is the vehicle fixed?

No Start

41

Congratulations

Success !No Start

42













It can be determined why there is no voltage at the source that supplies the ECU battery voltage

The voltage source that supplies battery voltage to the ECU has been repaired but the vehicle is still not fixed

Check for battery voltage at the ECU pins where the ECU receives its main supply from.

Is there voltage at the ECU at is main supply pins?

No Start

43















There is still no battery voltage at the ECU main supply pins

Check for continuity between the ECU voltage supply source and the ECU (Remember to disconnect the battery) Click on the question mark to explain why the battery needs to be disconnected.

Is there continuity?

No Start

44
















There is no continuity between the ECU battery voltage source and the ECU

Are you testing the correct pins on the ECU?

No Start

45
















There is continuity between the ECU battery supply and the ECU

Reconnect the vehicle battery. Check

No Start

46




It can be determined where the injector supply source is

Is there voltage at the injector supply source?

No Start

47





There is voltage at the injector supply source

Is there continuity from the injector supply source back to the injector?

No Start

48






There is no continuity from the injector supply source back to the injector

Trace the wire from the injector supply source back to the injector look for breaks or bad contacts?

No Start

49

Vehicle has no spark no pulse and no voltage supply to the injector.

Is the injector voltage source from the main relay?

No Start

50

Vehicle has no spark at plugs and no injector pulse.

Vehicle has a 12 volt feed to the injectors.

The injector supply voltage passes a volt drop test

Check crank / cam sensor. Is the crank / cam sensor working?

No Start

51

Vehicle has no spark at plugs and no injector pulse. The vehicle has a 12 volt feed to the injectors. The crank and cam sensor are working.

Is the signal from the crank and cam sensor reaching the ECU?

No Start

52

Replace crank sensor.

After crank sensor has been replace is vehicle starting and running smoothly with no further problems, i.e. poor idle, stalling, stumble.

No Start

53

Congratulations

Success !No Start

54

Does the vehicle have injection pulse?

No Start

55

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse.

Is there a 12 volt supply at the injector?

Yes (need further notation unlikely recheck pulsing)

No Start

56

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse, there is no voltage at the injector supply pin.

Are the injectors feed from the main relay?

No Start

57

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse, there is no voltage at the injector supply pin injectors are supplied from main relay.

Is there voltage being supplied to the main relay?

No Start

58

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse, there is no voltage at the injector supply pin injectors are supplied from main relay. The main relay has a voltage supply.

Is the main relay switching on when the engine is cranked?

No Start

59

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse, there is no voltage at the injector supply pin injectors are supplied from main relay. The main relay has a voltage supply. The main relay is switching on when engine is cranked.

Is there continuity from main relay output to injectors?

No Start

60


There is continuity from the main relay output to the injectors.

Are the relay contacts contacting?

No Start

61

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse, there is no voltage supply at the injector. Voltage is supplied to the injectors from the main relay. The main relay has a voltage supply. The main relay is switching on when engine is cranked. There is continuity from the main relay output to the injectors.

The relay is damaged.

Replace relay if confident otherwise bridge relay contacts to confirm diagnosis.

Bridge relay

No Start

62

Procedure to bridge main relay

voltage kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk.

No Start

63

Vehicle has spark at plugs and injection pulse.

Does the vehicle have fuel pressure?

No Start

64

Vehicle has spark at plugs, injection pulse but no fuel pressure.

Is there voltage at the pump when the vehicle is cranked?

No Start

65

Vehicle has spark at plugs, injection pulse but no fuel pressure and no voltage at fuel pump terminals.

Is there voltage at fuel pump relay.

No Start

66

Vehicle has spark at plugs, injection pulse, no fuel pressure, there is voltage at fuel pump terminals.

If voltage is supplied directly to the pump is there fuel pressure?

Yes ****volt drop edit

No ***dead pump edit

Help

No Start

67

Vehicle has spark at plugs, injection pulse and fuel pressure.

Does vehicle have fuel flow?

No Start

68

Vehicle has spark at plugs, injection pulse and fuel pressure and fuel flow.

Does the vehicle have compression?

Vehicle has fuel pressure and flow.

No Start

69


Vehicle has compression.

Disconnect the injectors so that no fuel passes through the injectors.

Continue to next step.

No Start

70


Vehicle has compression. The fuel system has been disabled by disconnecting the injectors.

Crank the engine to remove all traces of fuel.

Mechanical test


No Start

71



Spray a small amount of easy start into the intake manifold while cranking the engine..

Mechanical test

Does the engine try to start?

No Start

72


Vehicle has compression. The fuel system has been disabled by disconnecting the injectors. A small amount of easy start has been sprayed into the intake manifold while cranking the engine.

The engine tries to start.

Mechanical test

The engine may be over fueling or under fueling. Check injector pulse width and duty cycle.Is injector pulse width and duty cycle within parameters?

No Start

73



The engine is not showing any signs of trying to start.

Check to see if the spark plugs are fouled or wet.

Mechanical test

Are the spark plugs fouled or wet?

No Start

74




The spark plugs are fouled or wet.

Mechanical test

Dry, clean or replace the plugs. Spray easy start into the inlet manifold while the vehicle is being cranked. Does the vehicle try to start?

No Start

75



The engine is not showing any signs of trying to start. The spark plugs are not wet or fouled.

Mechanical test

Is the ignition timing correct? Next ask about valve timing? Discuss also That if there are no sign of firing that the valve timing may be out even though the Compression is okay?

No Start

76

Vehicle has spark, injection pulse and fuel pressure. It does not have fuel flow.

Is the return line blocked, does it have a return line???????

Vehicle does not have fuel flow

No Start

77

The vehicle has no spark at the plugs

The vehicle has injection pulse

What type of ignition system does the vehicle use?

Distributer

Coil over Plug

Coil Pack

Vehicle has no sparkNo Start

78

Testing individual components

No Start

79

Ignition Coils.

Ignition Modules.

Cam and Crank Position Sensors.

Basic theory

80

Conventional Ignition Coils.

Distributor-less Ignition Coils.

Coil Over Plug Ignition Coils (COP)

Ignition coil theory menu

81

Conventional ignition coils Oil filled ignition coils are basically two coils of wire, a primary coil a and a

secondary coil wrapped around a soft iron core, they are oil filled for cooling.

Transformer type ignition coils primary and secondary windings are constructed around a laminated steel frame. Some types of transformer ignition coils are fully encapsulated by resin. Look for cracking and carbon tracking on the outside of resin encapsulated coils. When testing, if these coils fail to produce a spark, listen for internal shorting within the coil.

In both oil filled and transformer type ignition coils the secondary coil has substantially more windings than the primary coil, making the arrangement a step up transformer. One side of the primary coil is connected to the positive side of the vehicle battery. The other side of the primary coil is connected to the ignition module. The ignition module switches the negative side of the coil to ground.

Conventional ignition coil theory

82

When the ignition module switches the negative side of the coil to ground, current flows into the primary windings. The primary windings behave like an electromagnet. This magnetism in the coil resists the flow of current until no more current can flow into the coil, this condition is called “fully saturated”. When the ignition module switches off the primary circuit, the magnetic field in the primary windings rapidly collapses engulfing the secondary coil windings. This collapsing magnetic field induces a high voltage in the secondary coil windings and is dissipated through the soft iron core / laminated steel frame. The soft iron core / laminated frame is part of the coil output tower, that carries the high voltage to the distributor, leads and plugs.


83

Include more images

84

Distributor-less Ignition coils (DIS) are double ended and fire two sparks simultaneously. One spark fires the cylinder on compression stroke and the other to the paired cylinder on exhaust stroke. When the spark from a DIS coil fires a cylinder that is in its exhaust stroke it is referred to as WASTE SPARK .

DIS coils are mainly of the transformer resin filled type construction.

Distributor less ignition coil theory

85

Include more images

Image of distributor less ignition coil

86



The vehicle uses a distributer type ignition system

Is the ignition coil working?

Vehicle has no spark

87



The vehicle uses a COP type ignition system

Is spark loss on every plug


88



The vehicle uses a coil pack type ignition

Is spark loss on every plug?


89



Vehicle does not have battery voltage at the injectors

Is there a 12 volt supply to the injector?

No spark no injection pulse

90

Vehicle has spark at plugs



Is there a 12 volt supply to the injector with the injector plug disconnected?


91

Why remove the injector plug when testing for power at the injector

Why disconnect the injector connector plug when testing for voltage

92


Test for battery voltage at the injector with the plug connector disconnected




The vehicle has spark at plugs

The vehicle does not have injection pulse


Can you hear the fuel pump prime when the ignition key is turned to the on position?

No Start

94




The fuel pump cannot be heard priming when the ignition key is turned to the on

position.

Can you hear any relays click when the ignition key is turned to the on position?

No Start

95






Is there an injector pulse at the injector?

No Start

96







Check all fuses associated with the EFI system or ignition system.

Are any of the fuse blown?

No Start

97







None of the EFI or ignition fuses are blown.


Is there power at any of the ECU pins?

No Start

98








Can it be determined where the ECU receives battery voltage?

No Start

99












No Start

100











The technician does not have a wiring diagram

/?????????????????????????????????

Contact EDEA // Cable tracer?

No Start

101











The technician has a wiring diagram.

Can you determine from the wiring diagram from where the ECU receives battery voltage?

No Start

102











Is there voltage at this source?

No Start

103












Can it be determined where this source receives battery voltage from?

No Start

104












The technician cannot determine the ECU battery voltage source using the wiring diagram

???????????????????????????????????????????

No Start

105














No Start

106














From the wiring diagram can you determine where the ECU battery source receives its voltage from?

No Start

107




The fuel pump can be heard to prime when the ignition key is turned to the on position

It can not be determined where the injector supply voltage source is


No Start

108










Is there power on the ECU pins that are the main supply to the ECU?

No Start

109










There is no power on the main supply pins of the ECU

Can you determine where the main ECU power supply comes from?

No Start

110












Is there voltage at the source where the ECU receives its main supply?

No Start

111













Can you determine the reason why there is not voltage at this source?

No Start

112













It can be determined why there is no voltage at the souce that supplies the ECU battery voltage

Repair this fault, is the vehicle fixed?

No Start

113

Congratulations

Success !No Start

114















Check for battery voltage at the ECU pins where the ECU receives its main supply from.

Is there voltage at the ECU at is main supply pins?

No Start

115
















Check for continuity between the ECU voltage supply source and the ECU (Remember to disconnect the battery) Click on the question mark to explain why the battery needs to be disconnected.

Is there continuity?

No Start

116
















There is no continuity between the ECU battery voltage source and the ECU

Are you testing the correct pins on the ECU?

No Start

117
















There is continuity between the ECU battery supply and the ECU

Reconnect the vehicle battery. Check

No Start

118





Is there voltage at the injector supply source?

No Start

119






Is there continuity from the injector supply source back to the injector?

No Start

120






There is no continuity from the injector supply source back to the injector

Trace the wire from the injector supply source back to the injector look for breaks or bad contacts?

No Start

121

Vehicle has no spark no pulse and no voltage supply to the injector.

Is the injector voltage source from the main relay?

No Start

122

Vehicle has no spark at plugs and no injector pulse.

Vehicle has a 12 volt feed to the injectors.

The injector supply voltage passes a volt drop test

Check crank / cam sensor. Is the crank / cam sensor working?

No Start

123

Vehicle has no spark at plugs and no injector pulse. The vehicle has a 12 volt feed to the injectors. The crank and cam sensor are working.

Is the signal from the crank and cam sensor reaching the ECU?

No Start

124

Replace crank sensor.

After crank sensor has been replace is vehicle starting and running smoothly with no further problems, i.e. poor idle, stalling, stumble.

No Start

125

Congratulations

Success !No Start

126

Does the vehicle have injection pulse?

No Start

127

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse.

Is there a 12 volt supply at the injector?

Yes (need further notation unlikely recheck pulsing)

No Start

128

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse, there is no voltage at the injector supply pin.

Are the injectors feed from the main relay?

No Start

129

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse, there is no voltage at the injector supply pin injectors are supplied from main relay.

Is there voltage being supplied to the main relay?

No Start

130

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse, there is no voltage at the injector supply pin injectors are supplied from main relay. The main relay has a voltage supply.

Is the main relay switching on when the engine is cranked?

No Start

131


Is there continuity from main relay output to injectors?

No Start

132


There is continuity from the main relay output to the injectors.

Are the relay contacts contacting?

No Start

133

Vehicle has spark but no injection pulse, there is no voltage supply at the injector. Voltage is supplied to the injectors from the main relay. The main relay has a voltage supply. The main relay is switching on when engine is cranked. There is continuity from the main relay output to the injectors.

The relay is damaged.

Replace relay if confident otherwise bridge relay contacts to confirm diagnosis.

Bridge relay

No Start

134

Procedure to bridge main relay

voltage kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk.

No Start

135

Vehicle has spark at plugs and injection pulse.

Does the vehicle have fuel pressure?

No Start

136

Vehicle has spark at plugs, injection pulse but no fuel pressure.

Is there voltage at the pump when the vehicle is cranked?

No Start

137

Vehicle has spark at plugs, injection pulse but no fuel pressure and no voltage at fuel pump terminals.

Is there voltage at fuel pump relay.

No Start

138

Vehicle has spark at plugs, injection pulse, no fuel pressure, there is voltage at fuel pump terminals.

If voltage is supplied directly to the pump is there fuel pressure?

Yes ****volt drop edit

No ***dead pump edit

Help

No Start

139

Vehicle has spark at plugs, injection pulse and fuel pressure.

Does vehicle have fuel flow?

No Start

140


Does the vehicle have compression?

Vehicle has fuel pressure and flow.

No Start

141


Vehicle has compression.

Disconnect the injectors so that no fuel passes through the injectors.


No Start

142



Crank the engine to remove all traces of fuel.

Mechanical test


No Start

143



Spray a small amount of easy start into the intake manifold while cranking the engine..

Mechanical test

Does the engine try to start?

No Start

144



The engine tries to start.

Mechanical test

The engine may be over fueling or under fueling. Check injector pulse width and duty cycle.Is injector pulse width and duty cycle within parameters?

No Start

145




Check to see if the spark plugs are fouled or wet.

Mechanical test

Are the spark plugs fouled or wet?

No Start

146




The spark plugs are fouled or wet.

Mechanical test

Dry, clean or replace the plugs. Spray easy start into the inlet manifold while the vehicle is being cranked. Does the vehicle try to start?

No Start

147



The engine is not showing any signs of trying to start. The spark plugs are not wet or fouled.

Mechanical test

Is the ignition timing correct? Next ask about valve timing? Discuss also That if there are no sign of firing that the valve timing may be out even though the Compression is okay?

No Start

148

Vehicle has spark, injection pulse and fuel pressure. It does not have fuel flow.

Is the return line blocked, does it have a return line???????

Vehicle does not have fuel flow

No Start

149



What type of ignition system does the vehicle use?

Distributer

Coil over Plug

Coil Pack

Vehicle has no sparkNo Start

150

Testing individual components

No Start

151

Ignition Coils.

Ignition Modules.

Cam and Crank Position Sensors.

Basic theory

152

Conventional Ignition Coils.

Distributor-less Ignition Coils.

Coil Over Plug Ignition Coils (COP)

Ignition coil theory menu

153

Conventional ignition coils Oil filled ignition coils are basically two coils of wire, a primary coil a and a

secondary coil wrapped around a soft iron core, they are oil filled for cooling.

Transformer type ignition coils primary and secondary windings are constructed around a laminated steel frame. Some types of transformer ignition coils are fully encapsulated by resin. Look for cracking and carbon tracking on the outside of resin encapsulated coils. When testing, if these coils fail to produce a spark, listen for internal shorting within the coil.

In both oil filled and transformer type ignition coils the secondary coil has substantially more windings than the primary coil, making the arrangement a step up transformer. One side of the primary coil is connected to the positive side of the vehicle battery. The other side of the primary coil is connected to the ignition module. The ignition module switches the negative side of the coil to ground.


154

When the ignition module switches the negative side of the coil to ground, current flows into the primary windings. The primary windings behave like an electromagnet. This magnetism in the coil resists the flow of current until no more current can flow into the coil, this condition is called “fully saturated”. When the ignition module switches off the primary circuit, the magnetic field in the primary windings rapidly collapses engulfing the secondary coil windings. This collapsing magnetic field induces a high voltage in the secondary coil windings and is dissipated through the soft iron core / laminated steel frame. The soft iron core / laminated frame is part of the coil output tower, that carries the high voltage to the distributor, leads and plugs.


155

Include more images

156

Distributor-less Ignition coils (DIS) are double ended and fire two sparks simultaneously. One spark fires the cylinder on compression stroke and the other to the paired cylinder on exhaust stroke. When the spark from a DIS coil fires a cylinder that is in its exhaust stroke it is referred to as WASTE SPARK .

DIS coils are mainly of the transformer resin filled type construction.

Distributor less ignition coil theory

157

Include more images

Image of distributor less ignition coil

158



The vehicle uses a distributer type ignition system

Is the ignition coil working?


159



The vehicle uses a COP type ignition system

Is spark loss on every plug


160



The vehicle uses a coil pack type ignition

Is spark loss on every plug?


161




Is there a 12 volt supply to the injector?


162

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