1ISLAND CHALLENGES

EDA EXPERIENCE USINGFLYWHEELS TO MAXIMISE THEPENETRATION OF RENEWABLE

ENERGY5 June2012

Malta

INTRODUCTION Azores is a group of 9 islands

EDA runs 9 independentPower Systems in the Islands

Power Production in EDA: 9 Diesel facilities (LFO and HFO) 12 Hydros (80 to 1600 kW) 8 Wind Parks 2 Geothermal Power Plants

2INTRODUCTION

EDA have 110 years of experience in small and isolatedelectric systems and use of renewable energy

From 1900 to 1950, So Miguel Islandwas only supplied with hydroelectricenergy (the biggest Azorean Island, with53% of total demand)

To satisfy the increase in consumption,the first diesel generator was installed atthe Hydro Plant of Faj Redonda, whichbecame the first mixed power plant of theAzores

INTRODUCTION

Wave energy power plant - 1999First wind farm - 1988

First electric power plant (Hydro) - 1899 First geothermal power plant - 1980

3INTRODUCTION

In recent years EDA has invested continuously inrenewables to use the endogenous resources of Azores(hydro, wind and geothermal)

This has brought about a reduction in the use of fossilfuels and in CO2 emissions

HFO61,5%

Diesel8,5%

Hydro3,9%

Geothermal22,1%

Wind3,9%

INTRODUCTION

In 2011 EDA managed to reach 30% total in renewableenergy

4INTRODUCTION

HFO52,1%

Hydro6,1%

Geothermal

41,7%

Wind0,1%

Biogas0,1%

Diesel50,3%

Hydro36,3%

Wind13,5%

Flores Island: 49,7%So Miguel Island: 48%

DIFFICULTIES

Instability due to a large penetration of renewables on small,weak networks (mainly caused by wind energy)

5MAIN OBJECTIVEIn 2004 EDA launched a project to maximize the energyproduction from renewables on Graciosa and Flores islands

OBJECTIVES Increase wind energy production (EDA installed

excess wind power in some power systems)

Improve the efficiency of the Diesel engines (smallerspinning reserve vs. load > 40%)

Increase the grid stability

6GRACIOSA ISLAND

The Graciosa island energy production is based on:

Wind (2x300 kW + 2x100 kW) Diesel generators (3x600 kW + 3x810 kW) Peak power around 2,2 MW

FLORES ISLAND

The Flores island energy production at the time was based on:

Hydro (3x250 kW + 600 kW) Wind (2x300 kW) Diesel generators (3x500 kW + 810 kW) Peak power around 2 MW

7EXISTING SOLUTIONDynamic energy accumulation (flywheels)

Kinetic energy storage systems

EXISTING SOLUTIONMain advantages:

High charge and discharge cycles, with variable timeintervals between them, compared to other energy storagesystems

Brings about a decrease in the instability in the grid inducedby wind energy production

Allows the penetration of renewables to increase maintainingthe quality supply on the grid (EN 50160)

8EDA PROJECT

EDA Launched a Public tender in September, 2004

Contract was agreed with an Australian company

This project was co-financed by the European Union

TECHNICAL DATAThis equipment used combines a low-speed flywheel (1800-3300 rpm)with power electronic converters to provide a high-performance energystorage device

9TECHNICAL DATAThe equipment is able to take or provide 500 kW for a maximumperiod of approximately 30 seconds (16,5MJ), with a ramp-up time ofapproximately 4 ms to change from 0 to +/-500 kW

ASSEMBLINGThe system was installed on a 20 feet container, andassembled in Darwin, Australia

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ASSEMBLING We installed a control system to allow an easy

integration with the rest of the equipments.

This system is able to always know which engines areonline, their power status, and controls them and theflywheel to maintain the grid stability.

Industrial service : Flores: September 2005 Graciosa: March 2006

REAL RESULTS

Wind station tripped with 450 kW, causing a frequencydrop of only 0,8Hz

On the past, similar events would cause a frequency drop of 2,0 Hz

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REAL RESULTS

Distribution line fault (Fault Ride Through)

Station Power During Fault

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Time [hour:min:s] - 40 second window

Pow

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Power

REAL RESULTS

Comparison results (frequency)

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REAL RESULTSFlores load diagram (24th of December, 2010) :

The most exciting and challenging goal of the project!

54,5% of Hydro

12,1% of Diesel33,4% of Wind

14 hours straight without Diesel

RESULTS

Reverse side of the coin - Systems Efficiency

EDA experienced around 142,9 MWh / 365 days / 24 hours = 16,23 kW

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RESULTS

Graciosa (*)(per year)

Flores(per year)

Wind production increase(Average)

164 MWh 134 MWh

Liquid result(Average)

28,1 MWh 28,5 MWh

Diesel reduction 7.450 Liters 7.560 Liters

CO2 emissions reduction 19,8 Ton. 20,1 Ton.

(*) Estimated results, because of the failure on the older wind turbines

CONCLUSIONS

EDA is focused on reaching the goal of maximizing therenewable energy production

EDA is conducting technical and economical studies touse this solution, and others, on a larger scale, in orderto achieve that goal, always maintaining the grid stabilityand the quality of the supply

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CONCLUSIONS

Some of the work in progress:

Reversible Hydro Plant in So Miguel Younicos Project for Graciosa Island (NaS batteries) Use of Flywheels for several islands Project Renewable Corvo Following of the evolution of hybrid plug-in vehicles

and 100% electric vehicles

CONCLUSIONS

The know-how that EDA is trying toobtain will provide sustainable energy

sources for the future

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THANKS FOR YOURATTENTION