Economic & Environmental Benefits of GNSS in Australia ... · 12/05/2010 · 7th SPAC Forum, Tokyo, Japan, 12 May 2010 Australia… context for GNSS Highly urbanised society Large,

7th SPAC Forum, Tokyo, Japan, 12 May 2010

Chris Rizos

School of Surveying & Spatial Information Systems

University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

Economic & Environmental

Benefits of GNSS in Australia

& Expectations for the QZSS

1

Chris Rizos

Vice President International

Association of Geodesy (IAG);

Member of the International GNSS

Service (IGS) Governing Board &

Executive;

Co-chair Steering Committee of Multi-

GNSS Asia (MGA)

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Contents

Australia… some statistics

Australia & GNSS… important applications

Benefits to Australia of High-Accuracy GNSS

Australia & “Next Generation GNSS”

Australia & QZSS

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Australia… some statistics

Population: approx. 22.3 million

Length of coastline: 59,736km

(mainland 35,877km)

Land area: 7,659,861km2 (approx. AAT

5.8Mkm2, EEZ 8.1Mkm2, ECS 2.5Mkm2)

Arable area: 6%

Agriculture + Mining: 8% of GDP

Japan is Australia’s No.1 destination for

exports, & 3rd largest source of imports

Australia’s GDP: 17th total (Japan 3rd)

26th per capita (Japan 33th)

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Australia… population distribution

65% live in

cities >100,000

87% live in cities >1,000

85% live within

50km of coast

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Australia… GNSS applications

Marine, land & air navigation/

positioning

Airborne & marine surveys

Precision agriculture

Mining & construction

Surveillance & border security

Emergency services

Geodesy, surveying & mapping

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Australia… context for GNSS

Highly urbanised society

Large, but sparsely populated country

Economically important agriculture & mining industries

GNSS machine guidance is the basis for many important

high-accuracy (real-time cm-accuracy) positioning

applications

Large land & marine area, and low & uneven population

density… significant challenges for CORS networks &

low-cost wireless communications

Australia will “see” all future GNSS/RNSS/SBAS

signals…

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Future Multi-GNSS: average satellite visibility…

Constellations: GPS, Galileo, Glonass, Compass, QZSS, WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN, IRNSS

Availability… from GPS to Multi-GNSS

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GNSS machine guidance can be applied widely in the grain,

cotton, sugar and horticultural sectors of agriculture.

Using “control traffic farming” (RTK-GNSS).

Study findings:

– Annual Yields up 10%

– Fuel & oil costs reduced 52%

– Labour costs reduced 67%

An estimated 10-15% of grain

growers in Australia use GNSS

for machine guidance.

Economic Benefits of GNSS… Agriculture

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In civil engineering, machine guidance delivers significant increases in productivity and improved on-site safety.

E.g. using GNSS machine guidance the Port of Brisbane Motorway was completed six months ahead of schedule (30% reduction in time required), with a 10% reduction in total project costs, 10% reduction in traffic management costs, and 40% reduction in lost time injuries.

Economic Benefits of GNSS… Construction

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In open-cut mining, precise GNSS is used for a

variety of tasks including surveying, grading,

dozing, drilling, collision avoidance, and fleet

management.

Especially important for iron ore and coal

extraction and transport.

Productivity

increases are as

much as 30% by

adopting RTK-GNSS.

Economic Benefits of GNSS… Mining

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Benefits of High-Accuracy GNSS…

2008 study found productivity gains

with potential cumulative benefit

AUD$73 to $134 billion over next 20

years - in agriculture, construction

and mining alone.

Also, significant environmental

benefits, such as reduced carbon

footprint, through greatly improved

fuel efficiency.

“

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Significant proportion of the economic benefit from precise positioning comes from Fuel Savings:

– 52% less fuel in wheat farming

– 43% less fuel in road construction

Less Fuel = Less Carbon Footprint.

Australian

Wheat

Crop

Million

Ha

CO2-e

Kg/Ha Tonnes $/Tonne

Traded

Value

25 89 2,225,000 $20 $44,500,000

RTK-GNSS… reduced carbon footprint

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Allen Consulting

study also found that

a coordinated roll-out

of national network of

CORS would

increase total uptake

and rate of adoption.

Additional cumulative

benefit AUD$32 to

$58 billion to 2030.

“

GNSS Infrastructure… ad-hoc vs planned

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RTK-GNSS Benefits Across Australia

“

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Australia… GNSS innovation & challenges Urban applications?… imported GNSS-based car/mobilephone

products augmented with local map/search “content”

Few “urban canyons” or steep terrain… GNSS availability not a significant issue for consumers, hence QZSS not critical

Economically important agriculture & mining sectors… local, worldclass product developers & system integrators

“RTK”-based machine guidance addresses the most important high-accuracy positioning applications

Australia will likely be “early adopters” of technology

Australia would be an excellent test site for “next gen” high-accuracy GNSS/RNSS/SBAS ground technologies

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Australia and QZSS

Early studies of GNSS signals & receiver designs

SBAS experiments for aviation

Wide-area DGNSS experiments for dm-level

accuracy services

Asia-Pacific regional engagement…

However, QZSS signals will not

provide much improvement in

navigation availability…

Caberra QZSS

monitor station

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Frequency Notes

L1-C/A1575.42MHz

Complete compatibility and interoperability

with existing & future modernised GPS

signals

Differential correction data, integrity flag,

ionospheric corrections

Almanac & health for other GNSS SVs

L1C

L2C 1227.6MHz

L51176.45MHz

L1-SAIF* 1575.42MHz Compatibility with GPS-SBAS

LEX

1278.75MHz

Experimental signal with higher data rate

message

Compatibility & interoperability with

Galileo E6 signal

* L1-SAIF: L1-Submeter-class Augmentation with

Integrity Function… Source: Kogure presentations

QZSS Broadcasts…

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Frequency Notes

L1-C/A1575.42MHz



signals




L1C

L2C 1227.6MHz

L51176.45MHz


LEX

1278.75MHz


message


Galileo E6 signal



QZSS Broadcasts… frequencies & signals

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Frequency Notes

L1-C/A1575.42MHz



signals




L1C

L2C 1227.6MHz

L51176.45MHz


LEX

1278.75MHz


message


Galileo E6 signal



QZSS Broadcasts… DGNSS data

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Concluding Remarks… Australia will benefit in many ways from “next gen”

GNSS/RNSS/SBAS signals.

Significant economic & environmental benefits from GNSS –

primarily in agriculture, mining & construction.

HOWEVER:

Rapid and widespread adoption will bring further benefits.

The CORS infrastructure & UE will need to be upgraded.

Investigations into signals, algorithms & services are needed.

BUT:

QZSS provides an opportunity for an early start.

Australia is an ideal test site for high-accuracy GNSS &

will be an important participant of QZSS projects.

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Thank You!

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Documents

Economic & Environmental Benefits of GNSS in Australia ... · 12/05/2010 · 7th SPAC Forum, Tokyo, Japan, 12 May 2010 Australia… context for GNSS Highly urbanised society Large,