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Economic Development and Indicators of Infrastructure
Provision
Regional Workshop on Public-PrivateRegional Workshop on Public-PrivatePartnership in TransportPartnership in Transport
Cesar QueirozCesar QueirozRoads and Infrastructure Consultant Roads and Infrastructure Consultant
World BankWorld Bank
Transport and Telecommunication InstituteTransport and Telecommunication InstituteRiga, Latvia, March 6-8, 2007Riga, Latvia, March 6-8, 2007
Presentation Outline• Developing and developed countries• Some measures of infrastructure
provision• Infrastructure indicators and economic
development• How private financing can help• Some policy implications
Developing and Developed Countries
• Developing countries include low- and middle-income economies
• Developed (advanced, industrial, rich) countries denote high-income economies
Classification of Economies
Economies GNI per capita
Low-income $825 or less
Middle-Income $826 to $10,065Lower $826 to $3,255Upper $3,256 to $10,065
High-income $10,066 or more
Source: www.worldbank.org/data
51810
41400
3288030370
14770
9130708068205580340026802040 720 280 110
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
Gross National Income (US$ per Capita)
Source: http://devdata.worldbank.org/data-query/
GNI in the Baltic States
Economies GNI per capita
Upper Middle-Income $3,256 to $10,065
Estonia $7,080Latvia $6,760Lithuania $7,050
Source: http://devdata.worldbank.org/data-query/
Extent and condition of road infrastructure in developed and developing countries
Some Measures of Infrastructure• Paved road density (PRD), in km per
million persons
• Electricity-generating capacity (ELE), in thousands of kilowatts per million persons
• Number of telephone connections per million population (TEL)
• Railroad tracks (RWY), in km per million population
Average Measures of Infrastructure
Economies PRD ELE TEL RWY (km/mil pop) (1,000’s of (# of connec. (km/mil
kw/mil pop) /mil pop) pop)
Low-income 410 70 7,920 70
Lower-middle 610 190 46,760 190 Income
Upper-middle 1,950 560 154,100 330 Income
High-income 10,150 2,070 673,000 840
Economic Development and Infrastructure
100
1000
10000
100000
100 1,000 10,000 100,000
Paved Road Density (km/mil pop)
GNI ($/pop)
Source: Queiroz and Gautam
logGNI = 1.39 logPRDR squared: 0.7698 countries
Where and How Can PPP help?
• In While PPPs are not a panacea, experience in a number of countries, both in the developing and developed worlds, have shown that well structured PPPs can help a country expand its transport infrastructure without overburdening its budget
Some Policy Implications
• Transport infrastructure is essential for economic development,
• …then sufficient resources should be made available to maintain and expand a country’s transport infrastructure.
• Despite relative slowdown, PPPs remain an attractive option for many governments
Thank you!
Cesar QueirozRoad and Transport
Infrastructure Consultant
Tel +1 202-473 8053Cel +1 301-755 7591
Email: [email protected]@worldbank.org
www.worldbank.org/highways
