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Ecology . STUDY GUIDE. Ecology . The study of relationship between the environment and the living organisms (Interactions) Organisms Species pop Community Habitat Eco System biomes biosphere . Individual organisms. The smallest unit that an ecologist will concern . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Ecology The study of relationship between the
environment and the living organisms (Interactions)
Organisms Species pop Community Habitat Eco System biomes biosphere
Species A group of the same organisms living
at the same time, same location and capable of breeding and producing fertile young.
Populations Group of species in a specific area They may or may not interact with
each other EX: Grade Level, teachers and student, WCL,
Montvale, Parents, kids, athletes, non-athletes, girls, boys. All of these population makeup up a community
Biosphere All places on the earth and
atmosphere, ocean , caves etc. Bio means life Sphere mean earth
Habitat All of the biotic (living things)
interact with the abiotic (non-living things)
Ex: rock, air, soil, water Living and non-living and how they
interact with each other
Density Dependent Food, the more people you have, the
less food you have Diseases, parasites all effected by population
Competition between and among Species
Over food, water or shelter Between the same species they look
for food, water and shelter or a mate
Producers 1st tropic
Bottom of the pyramid First level Autotrophs Plants, producers Uses sunlight (most energy)
Primary ConsumersSecond Tropic Level The second tropic level Primary consumers Mouse, Herbivores Ex: cows, deer, (mice) 100 calories 90% (Mainly used for plant)
Secondary Consumers
Third Tropic Level Heterotroph (snakes) Carnivore or Omnivore Ex: Humans Eats the primary consumer 10% energy Lose 90% energy
Tertiary ConsumerFourth Tropic Level
The top of the food pyramid 1% energy Consumes primary consumers thing below
them Eat least amount energy Ex: People are on top
Quandary ConsumerFifth Tropic Level
Rarely, do you get a fourth level consumer The reason why is because too little
energy to supply them ONLY .1% energy (Way too little)
Flow of Energy in a Tropic Level (arrows,
Loss of energy) Slowly as you descend, the amount of food
required gets larger and larger Due too little energy Impossible to supply if there are large
quantities at the top pyramid
Pyramid vs Web,Types of Pyramids
A pyramid may talks about different types od animals or plants or one type
A food web talks about many types of organisms
A food chain is only one specific progression to top level
Decomposer An organisms that breaks down dead
animals (recycles them) the material is recycled into environment
Ex; Worms, flies, mushrooms
Autotroph (photosynthesis)
An organism that is able of making its own food
Ex: Plants The formula for photosynthesis Carbon dioxide+ water+ sunlight=
Glucose+ Oxygen
Heterotroph An organisms that can’t make it its own
food It gets its nutrients from other sources Ex: Human, Animals, Mushrooms
Saprobe Forms of decomposers like bacteria. They help recycle the material back into in
environment Ex: Bacteria
Mutualism An equal relationship Both organisms benefit from it, neither
organisms is harmed EX: Tickbirds and rhinos, the bird sits on
the rhino and eats ticks and early warning system.
Parasitism One animal benefits, but one get harmed (Host) Parasites wants to make you sick but not
die Tick and animal Worms
Predator-Prey EX: Lion and zebra The predator the one who hunts Prey is one that is hunted The predator lag behind the prey in the
number Then the prey population drops followed
by the predator population