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Ecolabelling (DRAFT) &
National Innovation Foundation
Ecolabelling (DRAFT) & Product Carbon Footprint
Project Report
July 2012
Prepared by:
cBalance Solutions (P) Ltd.
Product Carbon Footprint
2
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Introduction 2
Table of Contents
1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Operational Boundary Definition .............................................................................................. 5
1.2 Product Life Cycle Stages .......................................................................................................... 6
1.3 Footprint Reporting.................................................................................................................. 6
1.4 Products List ............................................................................................................................ 7
2 Innovation 1: MittiCool refrigerator ................................................................................................. 8
2.1 Product Description: ................................................................................................................ 8
2.2 GHG Inventory ......................................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary ....................................................................................... 10
2.4 Avoided Emissions ................................................................................................................. 10
2.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits .................................................... 11
3 Innovation 2: Non stick Earthen Pan .............................................................................................. 12
3.1 Product Description ............................................................................................................... 12
3.2 GHG Inventory ....................................................................................................................... 12
3.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary ....................................................................................... 14
3.4 Avoided Emissions ................................................................................................................. 14
3.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits .................................................... 14
4 Innovation 3: Multi Directional Windmill ........................................................................................ 15
4.1 Product Description: .............................................................................................................. 15
4.2 GHG Inventory ....................................................................................................................... 15
4.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary ....................................................................................... 17
4.4 Avoided Emissions ................................................................................................................. 17
4.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits .................................................... 18
5 Innovation 4: Pollution Control Device ........................................................................................... 19
5.1 Product Description ............................................................................................................... 19
5.2 GHG Inventory ....................................................................................................................... 19
5.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary ....................................................................................... 21
5.4 Avoided Emissions ................................................................................................................. 21
5.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits .................................................... 21
6 Innovation 5: Multi Processing Machine ........................................................................................ 22
3
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Introduction 3
6.1 Product Description ............................................................................................................... 22
6.2 GHG Inventory ....................................................................................................................... 23
6.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary ....................................................................................... 24
6.4 Avoided Emissions ................................................................................................................. 24
6.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits .................................................... 24
7 Innovation 6: Hand Operated Water Lifting Device ........................................................................ 25
7.1 Product Description: .............................................................................................................. 25
7.2 GHG Inventory ....................................................................................................................... 25
7.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary ....................................................................................... 27
7.4 Avoided Emissions ................................................................................................................. 27
7.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits .................................................... 28
8 Innovation 7: Modification for Auto Engine to increase mileage ..................................................... 29
8.1 Product Description: .............................................................................................................. 29
8.2 GHG Inventory ....................................................................................................................... 29
8.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary ....................................................................................... 31
8.4 Avoided Emissions ................................................................................................................. 31
8.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits .................................................... 31
4
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Introduction 4
List of Tables
Table 1 Activity Boundary for Product Carbon Footprinting ...................................................................... 6
Table 2 GHG Inventory Table – MittiCool (by Emission Scope) ................................................................ 8
Table 3 GHG Inventory Table – MittiCool (by Activity Type) .................................................................... 9
Table 4 GHG Inventory Table – MittiCool (by Life-Cycle Stage) ................................................................ 9
Table 5 GHG Inventory Table – Non-Stick Earthen Pan (by Emission Scope) .......................................... 12
Table 6 GHG Inventory Table – Non-Stick Earthen Pan (by Activity Type) .............................................. 13
Table 7 GHG Inventory Table – Non-Stick Earthen Pan (by Life-Cycle Stage) .......................................... 13
Table 8 GHG Inventory Table – Multi-Directional Windmill (by Emission Scope) .................................... 15
Table 9 GHG Inventory Table – Multi-Directional Windmill (by Activity Type) ........................................ 16
Table 10 GHG Inventory Table – Multi-Directional Windmill (by Life-Cycle Type) .................................. 16
Table 11 GHG Inventory Table – Pollution Control Device (by Emission Scope) ..................................... 19
Table 12 GHG Inventory Table – Pollution Control Device (by Activity Type) ......................................... 20
Table 13 GHG Inventory Table – Pollution Control Device (by Life-Cycle Stage) ..................................... 20
Table 14 GHG Inventory Table (per piece) – Multi-Processing Machine (by Emission Scope) ................... 23
Table 15 GHG Inventory Table (per piece) – Multi-Processing Machine (by Activity Type) ....................... 23
Table 16 GHG Inventory Table (per piece) – Multi-Processing Machine (by Life-Cycle Stage) ................... 23
Table 17 GHG Inventory Table – Hand-Operated Water Lifting Device (by Emission Scope) ................... 25
Table 18 GHG Inventory Table – Hand-Operated Water Lifting Device (by Activity Type) ....................... 26
Table 19 GHG Inventory Table – Hand-Operated Water Lifting Device (by Life-Cycle Stage) ................... 26
Table 20 GHG Inventory Table – Auto Engine Modification (by Emission Scope) .................................... 29
Table 21 GHG Inventory Table – Auto Engine Modification (by Activity Type) ....................................... 30
Table 22 GHG Inventory Table – Auto Engine Modification (by Life-Cycle Stage) ................................... 30
5
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Introduction 5
1 Introduction
The purpose of this study was to collect, collate, document, verify and analyse all data contributing
to the carbon footprint of selected NIF products as defined by the GHG protocol and included
within the scope of the project.
This will help the innovators as well as NIF understand the impact of their product on the
environment as well as enable them highlight its environmental benefits with respect to convention
products that perform similar tasks.
1.1 Operational Boundary Definition
The product carbon footprint is calculated according to standards laid down in the GHG protocol.
The following diagram shows the various categories that can be included in the scope to calculate a
product carbon footprint.
Due to feasibility, time and cost constraints only those key sectors will be included in the scope of
the project which have a significant impact on the footprint as well as are relevant to the client
Please refer to the table 1.1 for a list of categories included:
6
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Introduction 6
Table 1 Activity Boundary for Product Carbon Footprinting
Sr.
No
Category Included
1 Purchased Goods and Services
2 Capital Goods
3 Fuel and Energy Related activities
4 Upstream transportation & distribution
5 Waste Generated in Operations
6 Business Travel
7 Employee commuting
8 Upstream leased assets
9 Downstream transportation & distribution
10 Processing of sold products
11 Use of sold products
12 End of life treatment of sold products
13 Downstream leased assets
14 Franchises
15 Investments
The carbon footprint is calculated on an annual basis per product and all data acquired for this
report is from the financial year 2011-2012.
1.2 Product Life Cycle Stages
Purchased Goods and Services
Manufacturing Waste Generated in Operations
Fuel and Energy Related activities
Upstream transportation & distribution Logistics
Downstream transportation & distribution
Processing of sold products Office + Packaging
Use of sold products Customer
1.3 Footprint Reporting
The footprint of a product is reported according to the categories below:
Scope 1: Direct GHG emissions are emissions from sources that are owned or controlled by the
company. For example, emissions from combustion in owned or controlled boilers, furnaces and
vehicles.
Scope 2 - Accounts for GHG emissions from the generation of purchased electricity by the
company.
Scope 3 - Optional reporting category that allows for the treatment of all other indirect emissions.
They are a consequence of the activities of the company, but occur from sources not owned or
controlled by the company. Some examples include third party deliveries, business travel activities
and use of sold products and services.
7
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Introduction 7
1.4 Products List
The products from the NIF inventory included are as follows:
1. Mitti Cool refrigerator
2. Non Stick Earthen Pan
3. Multi Directional Windmill
4. Pollution Control Silencer
5. Multi Processing machine
6. Hand operated water lifting device
7. Modification in auto engine for increased mileage
8
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 1:
MittiCool refrigerator
8
2 Innovation 1: MittiCool refrigerator
Innovator: Mr. Mansukh R Prajapatiot, Gujarat
Consultant: Gyan Prakash
2.1 Product Description:
1. It is a small natural refrigerator made of clay for storing vegetables, fruits and water. 2. It does not need any external source of energy for giving cooling effect. 3. Perishables like milk, fruits and vegetables remain fresh for 2- 3 days. 4. Product Cost: Rs 3000/-
2.2 GHG Inventory Table 2 GHG Inventory Table – MittiCool (by Emission Scope)
Scope Category kgCO2e Scope 2 Electricity (Processing) 108.00 Scope 2 Electricity T&D Losses (Processing) 29.82 Scope 2 Municipal Drinking Water (Processing) 2.92 Scope 2 Electricity 360.00 Scope 2 Electricity T&D Losses 99.42 Scope 2 Municipal Drinking Water 12.00 Scope 3 Paper 100% Recycled :Uncoated Groundwood 9.31 Scope 3 Plastic 151.80 Scope 3 Glass. 166.69 Scope 3 Metals : Avg. Carbon Steel 202.86 Scope 3 Rubber 97.21 Scope 3 Industrial Wastewater : 0.01 kg COD/liter WW 141.75 Scope 3 Paper : Corrugated : 100% Recycle : Unbleached 1119.78 Scope 3 Road Travel : Bus : Single Decker : Public Travel : Intercity Travel : Non AC : Diesel 1.64 Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : MMV : Public Logistics : City Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient 56.38 Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : LCV : Public Logistics : City Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient 170.62
Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : HMV : Public Logistics : InterCity Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient
7559.05
Total 10,289.1
9
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 1:
MittiCool refrigerator
9
Table 3 GHG Inventory Table – MittiCool (by Activity Type)
Activity level footprint - Data
Category kgCO2e Electricity 597.24 Municipal Drinking Water 14.92 Industrial Wastewater 141.75 Paper 1129.09 Plastic 151.80 Glass. 166.69 Metals 202.86 Rubber 97.21 Road Travel 1.65 Logistics & Freight 7786.06
Table 4 GHG Inventory Table – MittiCool (by Life-Cycle Stage)
Category kgCO2e
Manufacturing 1241.1 Logistics 7786.06 Processing ( Packaging + Office) 1260.52 Customer 0
6%
0%
1%
11% 1%
2%
2%1%
0%
76%
Activity Level Footprint
Electricity
Muncipal Water
Industrial Wasterwater
Paper
Plastic
Glass
Metals
Rubber
Road Travel
Logistics & Freight
10
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 1:
MittiCool refrigerator
10
2.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary
Total Annual Footprint: 10,289.1 kgCO2e
Number of products made in FY: 600
Footprint/piece = 17.1 kgCO2e / product
2.4 Avoided Emissions
1) Emissions from materials used to manufacture conventional fridge
2) Emissions due to leakage of refrigerant: for Refrigerant - R-22 the initial charge varies from
0.05 to 0.5 kg. We consider the lowest possible charge of 0.05 kg since the size of a
comparable refrigerator will be quite small and should have low refrigeration capacity as the
Mitticool only cools 4 degrees centigrade with respect to ambient temperature. Using a life-
cycle fugitive emission factor of 223.4 kgCO2e/kg R-22 initial charge of one time charge the
avoided emissions are 11.17 kgCO2e/refrigerator.
3) Emissions from Electricity consumption: compared to a 3 star refrigerator (Videocon –
VCL053) with a storage volume of 44 litres the Mitticool saves 360 kWh of electricity on an
annual basis which is equivalent to an emission avoidance of 482.4 kgCO2e / year/
refrigerator including T&D losses.
12%
76%
12%
0%
Life-Cycle Stage Footprint
Manufacturing
Logistics
Processing ( Office +
Packaging)
Customer
11
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 1:
MittiCool refrigerator
11
2.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits
1. Enables a large number of people across the country, who do not have the means to buy a
regular refrigerator or are not connected to the electricity grid to own a similar device.
2. Largely uses bio-mechanical energy during manufacturing
3. Uses clay which is a easily available local material with a very low carbon footprint
4. Has a positive impact on household budgets by reducing food wastage
12
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 2: Non
stick Earthen Pan
12
3 Innovation 2: Non stick Earthen Pan
Innovator: Mr. Mansukh R Prajapatiot, Gujarat
Consultant: Gyan Prakash
3.1 Product Description
1. It is a earthen griddle, which has non-stick coating.
2. It gives advantages of non stick cookware while preserving natural taste of earthen griddles
and is cheaper alternative to metallic non stick cookware
3.2 GHG Inventory Table 5 GHG Inventory Table – Non-Stick Earthen Pan (by Emission Scope)
Scope Category kgCO2e
Scope 2 Electricity : Purchase Electricity : 108.00 Scope 3 Electricity T&D Losses : Purchase Electricity : 29.83 Scope 3 Water : Potable Water: Municipal Drinking Water Treatment 2.92 Scope 1 Fossil Fuels : Other Kerosene 198.16 Scope 1 Biomass Fuels : Wood / Wood Waste 8394.19 Scope 3 Water : Potable Water: Municipal Drinking Water Treatment 7.30 Scope 3 Metals : Steel : Avg. Carbon Steel: Finished Product Grade 15332.15 Scope 3 Paper : Corrugated : 80% Recycle : World Avg. : Avg. Bleaching 3454.72 Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : MMV : Public Logistics : City Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient 37.59 Scope 3 Road Travel : Bus : Single Decker : Public Travel : Intercity Travel : Non AC : Diesel 13.19 Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : LCV : Public Logistics : City Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient 30.94
Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : HMV : Public Logistics : Intercity Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient
46.07
Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : HMV : Public Logistics : Intercity Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient
12875.59
Total 40,530.7 Note: The emissions from the use of clay have not been modeled since the emission factor for mining of clay is
negligible (0.000229 kgCO2e/kg)
13
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 2: Non
stick Earthen Pan
13
Table 6 GHG Inventory Table – Non-Stick Earthen Pan (by Activity Type)
Category kgCO2e Electricity 137.8 Municipal Drinking Water 10.2 Fossil Fuels 198.16 Biomass fuels 8394.2 Steel 15332.2 Paper 3454.73 Road Travel 13.2 Logistics & Freight 12952.5
Table 7 GHG Inventory Table – Non-Stick Earthen Pan (by Life-Cycle Stage)
Category kgCO2e Manufacturing 24065.3 Logistics 12965.7 Processing ( Packaging + Office) 3461.72 Customer 0
0%0% 0%
21%
38%9%
0%
32%
Activity Level Footprint
Electricity
Municipal Drinking Water
Fossil Fuels
Biomass fuels
Steel
Paper
Road Travel
Logistics & Freight
14
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 2: Non
stick Earthen Pan
14
3.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary
Total Annual Footprint: 40,530.7 kgCO2e
Number of products made in FY: 36,500
Footprint/piece = 1.11 kgCO2e / product
3.4 Avoided Emissions
1. Avoided iron use, the primary material composition is clay - each frying pan avoids the use
of 4 kg1 of iron which is equivalent to 7.5 kgCO2e avoided per piece.
3.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits
1. Uses clay which is a easily available local material with a very low carbon footprint
2. Largely uses bio-mechanical energy during manufacturing
3. Designed to reduce specific energy consumption for cooking thereby positively impacting
rural household financial sustainability
4. Designed to reduce water required for post-use cleaning thereby enhancing water self-
sufficiency of rural households
1 Assumption that an average pan contains 4 kg of finished product grade iron
46%
8%
46%
0%
Life-Cycle Stage Footprint
Manufacturing
Logistics
Processing ( Office + Packaging)
Customer
15
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 3:
Multi Directional Windmill
15
4 Innovation 3: Multi Directional Windmill
Innovator: Md. Mehtar D Hussain and Mustaq Ahmad, Assam
Consultant: Udit Bansal
4.1 Product Description:
1. Drag type low height wind mill used for lifting ground water for salt farming 2. The wind mill structure is made from MS. The structure is divided into three main components viz; Base structure, intermediate structure and head assembly (Rotor assembly, crank assembly and tail assembly).
3. For the conversion of rotary motion to reciprocating motion, a crank and connecting rod mechanism is used
4. Turbine blades are made of light weight material and are given the proper angle so that more wind power can be harnessed thereby enabling pumping of water from greater depths.
The performance test report for this innovation is included in Appendix A.
4.2 GHG Inventory Table 8 GHG Inventory Table – Multi-Directional Windmill (by Emission Scope)
Scope Category kgCO2e
Scope 2 Electricity : Purchase Electricity : India - Avg. : Grid 7560.00 Scope 1 Fossil Fuels : Motor Gasoline 230.31 Scope 3 Electricity T&D Losses : Purchase Electricity : India - Avg. : Grid 2088.00 Scope 3 Plastic : Generic Plastic : World Avg. 364.32 Scope 3 Metals : Steel : Avg. Carbon Steel : Steel Sector : India - Avg. : Finished Product Grade 20162.82
Scope 3 Rubber : Generic Rubber : Excluding Land-Use Change : Rubber Sector : India - Avg. : Old Plantation Latex
291.63
Scope 3 Metals : Iron & Iron Castings : Steel Sector : India - Avg. : Plant Raw Material : Raw Material Grade
674.10
Scope 3 Metals : Aluminum : Aluminum Sector : India - Avg. : Raw Material Grade 2304.96
Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : HMV : Public Logistics : Intercity Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient
7843.92
Scope 3 Road Travel : Bus : Single Decker : Public Travel : Intercity Travel : Non AC : Diesel 92.37 Scope 3 Road Travel : Automobile : 4W : Sedan : Intercity Travel : Non AC : Diesel : Manual 140.9
16
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 3:
Multi Directional Windmill
16
Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : LCV : Public Logistics : City Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient 218.4 Total 41971.75
Table 9 GHG Inventory Table – Multi-Directional Windmill (by Activity Type)
Category kgCO2e Electricity 9648 Municipal Drinking Water 0 Fossil Fuels 230.31 Plastic 364.32 Steel 20162.82 Rubber 291.63 Iron 674.1 Aluminum 2304.96 Road Travel 233.27 Logistics & Freight 8062.32
Table 10 GHG Inventory Table – Multi-Directional Windmill (by Life-Cycle Type)
Category kgCO2e
Manufacturing 33676.14 Logistics 8062.32 Processing ( Packaging + installation) 233.27 Customer 0
23%
0%
1%
48%
1%2%
5%
1%
19%
Activity Level Footprint
Electricity
Fossil Fuels
Plastic
Steel
Rubber
Iron
Aluminum
Road Travel
Logistics & Frieght
17
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 3:
Multi Directional Windmill
17
4.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary
Total Annual Footprint: 41,971.0 kgCO2e
Number of products made in FY: 24
Emission/piece = 1,748.8 kgCO2e / product
4.4 Avoided Emissions
1. Fossil Fuels: Since this product is used in place of a regular pump it avoids emissions in the
form of avoided fossil fuel combustion.
Avg. flow rate of this device = 3271.5 lit/hr. or 3.27 m3/hr.
Differential head = 6.3 m2
Density of water = 1000kg/m3
using the equation given below we get:
Ph = q ρ g h / (3.6 106)
Where, Ph = power (kW), q = flow capacity (m3/h), ρ = density of fluid (kg/m3), g = gravity (9.81 m/s2)
2 Source: Developing a windmill with & for the farmers in India - November 2011(Emma Haagen, Juan David Martin, Nick van der Velde, Casper van der Meer)
80%
19%
1% 0%
Life-Cycle Stage Footprint
Manufacturing
Logistics
Processing ( Packaging +
Installation)
Customer
18
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 3:
Multi Directional Windmill
18
h = differential head (m)
The hydraulic power of the pump is 56W.
Using the below equation for calculating shaft power we get:
Ps = Ph / η
Where, Ps = shaft power (kW), η = pump efficiency
Assuming the pump runs at a mechanical efficiency of 60% the shaft power drawn by the pump is
approximately 78W.
Assuming the electrical motor runs at 75% efficiency the total power that would be need for such a
device is 98W.
Avoided energy consumption per hour of operation is 0.098 kWh which is equivalent to avoided
emissions (including T&D losses) of 0.13 kgCO2e/hr/pump
4.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits
1. Uses raw materials from local stores thus has a small footprint as well as generates income
for the suppliers
2. Enable salt farmers who do not have the means to buy a conventional pump or are not
connected to the grid to pump out water from the pans harnessing renewable energy
3. Reduces operational cost of salt pans
19
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 4:
Pollution Control Device
19
5 Innovation 4: Pollution Control Device Innovator: Mr. Birendra Kumar Sinha, Bihar
Consultant: Bhagyesh Deo
5.1 Product Description
1. This is an attachment for filtering exhaust of stationary engines/generators. 2. It comprises a cylindrical housing in which exhaust gas is allowed to expand and strike over fins embedded on internal surface of cylinder and perforated tubular fins. This results in dissociation of CO and CO2 into carbon particulates, which can be removed periodically through opening provided for this purpose.
3. The carbon can be used as raw material for making boot polish and similar applications. 4. The exhaust gas coming out has very reduced pollutants, quite low temperature and results in very low noise
The performance test report for this innovation is included in Appendix B.
5.2 GHG Inventory Table 11 GHG Inventory Table – Pollution Control Device (by Emission Scope)
Scope Category kgCO2e Scope 1 Fossil Fuels : Gas/Diesel Oil 14571.71 Scope 2 Water : Potable Water : Municipal Drinking Water Treatment 24.96
Scope 3 Logistics & Freight : HMV : Public Logistics : Intercity Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient
2241.12
Scope 3 Metals : Avg. Carbon Steel 23200.10
Scope 3 Metals : Iron & Iron Castings 9997.94
Total 50,035.8
20
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 4:
Pollution Control Device
20
Table 12 GHG Inventory Table – Pollution Control Device (by Activity Type)
Category kgCO2e
Fossil Fuels 14571.71 Municipal Water 24.96 Logistics 2241.12 Steel 23200.10 Iron 9997.94
Table 13 GHG Inventory Table – Pollution Control Device (by Life-Cycle Stage)
Category kgCO2e Manufacturing 47794.67 Logistics 2241.12 Processing ( Packaging + Office) NA Customer NA
29%
0%5%
46%
20%
Activity Level Footprint
Fossil Fuels
Muncipal Water
Logistics & Freight
Carbon Steel
Iron & iron casting
21
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 4:
Pollution Control Device
21
5.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary
Total Annual Footprint: 50,035.8 kgCO2e
Number of products made in FY: 243
Emission/piece = 205.9 kgCO2e / product
5.4 Avoided Emissions
As per the test report when used with a 5HP Kirloskar pump the device reduces emissions as
follows: (refer to Appendix B for test report)
Emission/Load 4 lbs 8 lbs 11 lbs CO 29.6% 36% 49% CO2 55.55% 64.6% 68.6%
5.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits
1. Reduces noise pollution as compared of conventional motor
2. Reduces local air pollution as compared to a conventional motor
3. Enables the capture of carbon which can be used as a raw material for other industries and
also provide an income source for the use
96%
4%
0%0%
Operations level footprint
Manufacturing
Logistics
Processing ( Office + Packaging)
Customer
22
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 5:
Multi Processing Machine
22
6 Innovation 5: Multi Processing Machine
Innovator Mr. Dharamveer, Haryana
Consultant : Udit Bansal Research Assistant : Shashank Shivhare
6.1 Product Description
1. The machine is capable of processing various herbs like juice and gel of aloe vera, juice of amla, jamun, mango, tomato, orange, etc.
2. Pulp of fruits is fed to machine for juice extraction 3. The feeding rate is 150 kg/h 4. The cylindrical vessel is surrounded by jacket of castor oil for uniformly distribution of heat. 5. The motor speed is 1440 rpm 6. The rotor/centrifuge speed is 360 rpm 7. The electricity consumption is about 1.5 units per hour 8. The weight of machine is 125 kg 9. The machine doesn’t require foundation for installation 10. Product Cost: Rs. 1,35,000
23
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 5:
Multi Processing Machine
23
6.2 GHG Inventory Table 14 GHG Inventory Table (per piece) – Multi-Processing Machine (by Emission Scope)
Scope Category kgCO2e Scope 2 Electricity : Purchase Electricity : Grid 693.00 Scope 2 Electricity T&D Losses : Purchase Electricity : Grid 191.40 Scope3 - Logistics
Logistics & Freight : MMV : Public Logistics : Intercity Logistics & Freight : Diesel : Ambient
13.13
Scope 3 - Materials
Metals : Steel : Avg. Carbon Steel : Steel Sector : India - Avg. : Finished Product Grade 210.03
Scope 3 - Materials
Metals : Iron : Steel Sector : India - Avg.: Finished Product Grade 42.24
Scope 3 - Materials
Plastic : Generic Plastic : World Avg. 1.26
Scope 3 - Materials
Glass : Fliber Glass : India - Avg. 0.07
Scope 3 - Materials
Rubber : Block Rubber (STR 20) : Excluding Land-Use Change : Rubber Sector : India - Avg. : Old Plantation Latex
0.92
Total 1,152.1
Table 15 GHG Inventory Table (per piece) – Multi-Processing Machine (by Activity Type)
Category kgCO2e
Electricity 884.4 Logistics 13.13 Carbon Steel 210.03 Iron & iron casting 42.24 Plastic 1.27 Glass 0.07 Rubber 0.92
Table 16 GHG Inventory Table (per piece) – Multi-Processing Machine (by Life-Cycle Stage)
Category kgCO2e
Manufacturing 1138.93 Logistics 13.13 Processing ( Packaging + Office) 0
24
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 5:
Multi Processing Machine
24
6.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary
Footprint per piece: 1,152.1 kgCO2e
6.4 Avoided Emissions
1. Since it is made up of readily available local materials the footprint of the product is quite
low
2. Manufactured in a simple, low cost manner without the use of any fossil fuels
3. Since the product combines various processes into a single compact device it avoids
emissions from the use of raw materials for manufacturing different devices to perform each
function
6.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits
1. This device allows farmers to provide value added services to their crops on site, hence
enabling them to increase their income.
77%
1%
18%
4%
0% 0% 0%
Activity level footprint
Electricity
Logistics & Freight
Carbon Steel
Iron & iron casting
Plastic
Glass
Rubber
96%
4%
0%0%
Life-Cycle Stage Footprint
Manufacturing
Logistics
Processing ( Office + Packaging)
Customer
25
cBalance Solutions – NIF Ecolabelling & Product Carbon Footprint Report | Innovation 6: Hand
Operated Water Lifting Device
25
7 Innovation 6: Hand Operated Water Lifting Device Innovator: Mr. N Shakthimainthan, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu
Consultant: Saumya Aggrawal
7.1 Product Description:
1. It consists of 2 pairs of chain and sprocket (gear ratio 1:2), impeller pump and pipes. 2. Discharge, irrigation capacity and delivery head of this device are believed to be 20-22,000 l/h, 0.03 ha/h and 0.5 m, respectively.
3. One person is required at a time. 4. The device has high discharge at low-cost compared to conventional hand pump and bicycle operated pumps.
7.2 GHG Inventory Table 17 GHG Inventory Table – Hand-Operated Water Lifting Device (by Emission Scope)
Scope Category kgCO2e Scope 2 Electricity : Purchase Electricity : India - Avg. : Grid 252.0000 Scope 3 Electricity T&D Losses : Purchase Electricity : India - Avg. : Grid 69.6000 Scope 2 Electricity : Purchase Electricity : India - Avg. : Grid 540.0000
Scope 3 Electricity T&D Losses : Purchase Electricity : India - Avg. : Grid 149.1429
Scope 3 Metals : Iron & Iron Castings : Steel Sector : India - Avg. : Plant Raw Material : Raw Material Grade
308.1600
Scope 3 Metals : Avg. Carbon Steel : Steel Sector : India - Avg. : Plant Raw Material : Raw Material Grade
1460.5920
Scope 3 Road Travel : Bus : City Bus : Public Travel : City Travel : Non AC : Avg. Fuel 129.6000 Total 2,909.1
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Table 18 GHG Inventory Table – Hand-Operated Water Lifting Device (by Activity Type)
Category kgCO2e Electricity 1010.74 Iron 308.16 Steel 1460.59 Road Travel 129.6
Table 19 GHG Inventory Table – Hand-Operated Water Lifting Device (by Life-Cycle Stage)
Category kgCO2e Manufacturing 2458.49 Logistics 129.6 Processing ( Office) 321 Customer 0
35%
50%
11%
4%
Activity Level Footprint
Electricity
Steel
Iron
Road Travel
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7.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary
Total Footprint: 2,909.1 kgCO2e
Number of products made in FY: 72
Emission/piece = 40.4 kgCO2e / product
7.4 Avoided Emissions
1) Electricity: Since this product is used in place of a regular pump it avoids emissions in the
form of electricity used.
Avg. flow rate = 2021,000 lit/hr. or 21m3/hr.
Differential head = 0.5 m
Density of water = 1000kg/m3
using the equation given below the hydraulic power of the pump is 29W.
Ph = q ρ g h / (3.6 106)
Where, Ph = power (kW), q = flow capacity (m3/h), ρ = density of fluid (kg/m
3),
85%
4%
11%
0%
Life-Cycle Stage Footprint
Manufacturing
Logistics
Processing ( Office)
Customer
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g = gravity (9.81 m/s2), h = differential head (m)
We further use the next equation to calculate the shaft efficiency:
Ps = Ph / η
Where, Ps = shaft power (kW), η = pump efficiency
Assuming the pump runs at a mechanical efficiency of 60% the shaft power drawn by
the pump is approximately 46W.
Assuming the electrical motor runs at 75% efficiency the total power that would be
need for such a device is 80W
Avoided energy consumption per hour of operation is 0.08 kWh which is equivalent
to avoided emissions (including T&D losses) of 0.11 kgCO2e/hr/pump
7.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits
• Uses raw materials from local stores thus has a small footprint as well as generates income
for the suppliers
• Enable farmers who do not have the means to buy a conventional pump or are not
connected to the grid to pump out water efficiently by harnessing bio-mechanical energy
• Reduces operational cost of agriculture
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8 Innovation 7: Modification for Auto Engine to increase mileage
Innovator: Nadu Mr. Sib Shankar Mandal, Kokrajhar, Assam
Consultant: Bhuvanesh Kumar
8.1 Product Description:
1. Modified auto engine assembly consists of additional air pre heaters, air intake line to the engine, and engine valve contrary to the conventional 2 stroke engine which does not have valve.
2. There are two air pre heaters in the engine assembly. 3. Part of the exhaust gas is utilized to heat the incoming air and some part is utilized to heat the mixture (air + fuel) before entry to the engine for complete combustion.
4. IIT Guwahati evaluated the heat recovery system and reported mileage increased by around 33%.
The performance test report for this innovation is included in Appendix C.
8.2 GHG Inventory Table 20 GHG Inventory Table – Auto Engine Modification (by Emission Scope)
Scope Category kgCO2e Scope 2 Electricity : Grid 26.2500 Scope 3 Electricity T&D Losses : Grid 7.2500 Scope 1 Fossil Fuels : Gas/Diesel Oil 186.3050 Scope 3 Metals : Aluminum : Raw Material Grade 2.4010 Scope 3 Metals : Avg. Carbon Steel : Raw Material Grade 0.4508 Scope 3 Plastic : Generic Plastic 0.7590 Scope 3 Metals : Copper : Raw Material Grade 1.4067 Total 224.82
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Table 21 GHG Inventory Table – Auto Engine Modification (by Activity Type)
Category kgCO2e Electricity 33.5 Fossil Fuels 186.31 Aluminum 2.4 Steel 0.45 Plastic 0.76 Copper 1.41
Table 22 GHG Inventory Table – Auto Engine Modification (by Life-Cycle Stage)
Category kgCO2e Manufacturing 224.82 Logistics negligible Processing ( Packaging + installation) negligible
15%
83%
1%0%0%1%
Activity level footprint
Electricity
Fossil Fuels
Aluminum
Steel
Plastic
Copper
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8.3 Product Carbon Footprint Summary
Total Footprint: 224.82 kgCO2e
Number of products made in FY: 1
Emission/piece = 224.82 kgCO2e / product (not including emissions due to logistics)
8.4 Avoided Emissions
The device improves fuel efficiency by 33%. Hence the 4 stroke spark engine consumes 33% less
fuel for every km. This amounts to an emissions reduction of about 10 gCO2e per km driven
As per the test report when used with a 5HP Kirloskar pump the device reduces emissions as
follows:
Conditions CO2 CO Idling 28.6% 36% Loaded 42.4% 53%
8.5 Socio-Economic Impact and Other Environmental Benefits
1. Reduces noise pollution
2. Reduces local air pollution
3. Reduces operational cost of vehicles when used by households or rural businesses
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APPENDIX
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A) Performance Test Report of Multi-Directional Windmill
Sr. Reading 1 Km/hr) Reading 2 (Km/hr)
1 18.9 17.5
2 21.3 21.1
3 25.8 19.6
4 27.3 21.5
5 20 25.9
6 18.8 26.8
7 19 21.2
8 22.3 23.3
9 21.2 22.8
10 22 14.5
11 25.4
12 28.9
13 34.9
15 26.7
16 24.4
Total 216.6 354.5
Avg(Km/hr) 21.66 23.63333333
Total time (sec) 28 27
Container size (lt) 25 25
Discharge (lt/hr) 3214.28 3333.33
Performance of the windmill
has been measured using the
anemometer and a container of
25 lt. And recording the data in
the video and later analyzed to
measure the performance of the
windmill. The wind during the
noon time was found to reach
the maximum of 35 Km/hr.
Conclusion: - The average
discharge of windmill is 3273 lt @
wind speed of 22.64 Km/hr.
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B) Performance Test Report for Pollution Control Device: BIT (Mesra) test report for flue gas
analysis of Kirloskar Diesel engine (5 HP) with and without the device
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C) Performance Test Report for Auto Engine Modification: undertaken by IIT - Guwahati
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D) Performance Test Report for Performance Enhancer: undertaken by MNIT Jaipur
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PENDING ITEMS
1. NIF to add content related to socio-economic impact
2. Performance test per product/tech category
3. Performance Enhancer Innovation Product Carbon Footprint Report