YoshavaYoshava

Julie Julie VaccaroVaccaroLaura Laura YochelsonYochelson

Location

38°N, 119°W

General PlanGeneral Plan• 50,000 inhabitants• 1 Hospital• 1 Police station• 1 Jail• 3 Fire stations• 1 Sewage treatment and water treatment facility• 1 Solar panel field• 3 Public schools: 1 elementary, 1 middle, and 1 high school• 1 Private school (K-12)• Pantera University: world-reknowned research institution (specializing in

environmentalism)• Main sources of income:

– Food export: agriculture, fishing, aquaculture– Tourism (skiing and hiking)– Construction– Spring water– Christmas trees

Age Structure DiagramAge Structure Diagram

Crime RatesCrime RatesCrime NumbersMurder: 0Forcible Rape: 10Robbery: 40Aggravated Assault: 100Burglary: 329Larceny or Theft: 804Car Theft 2Arson: 7

General Manifest for General Manifest for YoshavaYoshavaGeneral Goals and Overall Rules Rationale

•Minimize environmental harm,maximize environmental protection

•Innovative green technology

•Leading site for promotion ofenvironmental-friendly lifestyle

• Residential far from industrial

•Industrialization away from lake

•Pantera University•Organic practice, mass transit,getting energy from renewableresources

Resource ManagementResource ManagementWater Waste Electricity Food Minerals

Methods used bythe city

•Low-flow homeappliances•Toilet-to-tap•Drip irrigation

•Recyclingencouraged(large recyclingbins,comprehensiverecycling center,incentives forbusinesses)•Automated trashpick-up

•Domestic use•Require buildingcodes•Build andresearch solarand wind power•Incentives forhybrids

•Fishing, organicagriculturalpractices

•Recycledjewlery

How do thesemethods work

•Low –flowreduces amountof water used fora single usage•Toilet-to-tapreduces theamount of watertaken from lake

Encouragecitizens torecycle more,and keep dumpempty

We will slowlyencourage ourcitizens tobecome lessdependent on oiland other fossilfuels

Since we woulduse organicpractices, wewouldn’t have todepend onpesticides tokeep bugs offplants

•NO MINING!

Impact on theenvironment

•Polluted runoff(solution = noinorganicpesticides/fertilizer)

•Less trash goinginto landfills =less leaching

Cleaner air insideand out

•Decreaseerosion

•None

Possibility ofsustainability

Very sustainable.We will be usingwater from thelake and nothave to dependon other cities.

More sustainableusing morerecycledmaterials

Very sustainablesince dependenton our sun ratherthan drilling foroil

•Sustainable,wouldn’t have toworry aboutpesticides

•Very sustainable

BiomeBiome• Annual precipitation: 55

inches/year to 26inches/year; mostly snowbetween November andApril

• Average Temperature:40s (15°F in Jan. and80°F in July)

• Water temp.– Low: 40°F—50°F– High: 65°F—70°F– depth: 600-700 ft

• There are four seasons

Month Average High Average Low

January 41 F 15 F

February 42 F 17 F

March 46 F 22 F

April 53 F 26 F

May 61 F 32 F

June 70 F 37 F

July 79 F 40 F

August 79 F 38 F

September 72 F 33 F

October 62 F 26 F

November 49 F 20 F

December 42 F 14 F

GeologyGeologyBasin formed by faulting 2 to 3 millionyears agoSnowmelt filled southern and lowest part,forming ancestral Lake TahoeModern Lake Tahoe shaped andlandscaped by glaciers during Ice AgesMany streams flow into Lake Tahoe, but itis drained only by the Truckee RiverSoils derived primarily from volcanic rock

Lake Tahoe from space!!!

Type of CommunityType of CommunityNative Species & AdaptationsNative Species & Adaptations

•Mountain whitefish: only native game fish; lives near bottom•Lahontan redside shiner: native minnow; group together• Lahontan speckled dace: native minnow; seeks cover of rocky substrate at lake’sbottom•Tui chub: bottom-oriented chub that feeds on zooplankton at lake’s botton•Tahoe sucker: bottom feeder that grows to 16 inches long.· Paiute sculpin: lives under rocks and is rarely observed in less than 10 feet ofwater.

Mountain whitefish

Food Web and Food Web and TrophicTrophic Levels Levels

Lake LauraLake Laura

•• Nitrogen (from sewage andNitrogen (from sewage andfertilizer) and phosphorusfertilizer) and phosphorus(from construction or logging)(from construction or logging) algae algae zooplankton zooplankton small fish (minnows) small fish (minnows) big bigfish (pike or bass)fish (pike or bass)

Food Web and Food Web and TrophicTrophic Levels LevelsMt. Mt. VaccaroVaccaro

PollutionPollutionAir Water Land•Greenhouse gas emissions(esp. CO2) fromautomobiles and airplanes

• Boating – solution =regulations forprotection of lake

• Runoff ofpestices/fertilizers–solution = allorganic, limitations onuse

•Animal waste (manure)

City DemographicsCity Demographics

• There is a dump on the edge of the cityaway from the lake and near the industrialarea.

• Residential condos will be widelyavailable. There will be some cabincondos near the lake for tourists.

• There will be a suburb with individualizedhousing.

Explanation of TransportationExplanation of Transportation• Trolleys/cable cars

– Buses on natural gas = shuttle totrolley

• Green taxi system (Priuses)• Regulations for big companies to

have mass transportation (i.e.Google, Qualcomm)

• All public service vehicles hybrids(except fire trucks and ambulances)

• Train system = Maglev Monorail (foreconomic purposes such asimporting paper and exporting food)

• Airport: commercial airlines only– An airport is needed to attract

tourism and for business people wholive in Yoshava and travel.

– Pantera University received a grantfrom the government for researchingmore environmental-friendly airtransport.

Maglev Monorail• Uses two sets of guide wheels

(blue and yellow) mountedperpendicular to each other.

• Top red bar is represents the coilattached to the underside of thevehicle, and the bottom red bar isthe aluminum reaction plate thatremains stationary in the track.

• Maglev vehicles are wrappedaround the track to providestability as the center of gravity islocated only 28" above thehorizontal guide wheels (yellow).

Unique FeaturesUnique Features• University• Battery bin• Hiking trails w/ education program and

recreation• Environmental science education requirement• Cut-down-a-tree plant-a-tree program• Smoking banned on public property and around

lake• Green spa• Christmas tree farms on the mountain

Making a Making a ““Green HouseGreen House””

First Story and YardFirst Story and Yard

Second StorySecond Story

IndoorsIndoors• Windows:

– Location: 14 downstairs, upstairs– Type: invisible glass coatings, vacuum-

sealed spaces filled with inert gas betweenpanes, improved framing materials, betterweather stripping and warm edge spacers

– Amount: 24• Batt Insulation: made from mineral fiber;

leaves no gaps, voids, or compressions; andis in full contact with interior air barrier;continuous sealing to protect againstmoisture damage

Indoors Cont.Indoors Cont.Energy consumingappliances:

Amount Type

Refrigerator 1

Stove 1

Oven 1

TV 1

Stereo 1

Computers & printers& fax

2 of each

Electric chargers 10

Lights Under 20

Phone 3

Dryer 1

Water heater 1

Air heaters/coolers,etc.

1

New home owners are given a variety ofoptions for indoor appliances, all of whichmust meet Energy Star’s requirements, setby the EPA and the US Dept. of Energy.Some recommendations include:

•GE Profile Arctic: improved insulation,more precise temperature and defrostmechanisms to improve efficiency.

•Fluorescent light bulbs

•Programmable thermostat

•Energy Star DVD, VCR, TV, and telephonemodels.

Yoshava environmental consultants trainedat Pantera University will meet individuallywith homeowners to assess their needs andexplore products that work for them athttp://www.energystar.gov.

OutdoorsOutdoors• Landscaping

– Types of plants (and trees): aspen, cedar, willow, wildflowers(Buttercup, California Corn Lily, Snow Plant)

– Location: surrounding house (minimum 10 trees/house); aroundneighborhood

• Energy consuming appliances– Outdoor lighting = solar– Drip sprinkers use recycled water

• Water consuming appliances– Drip sprinkers (use determined by and regulated by consultant)– Low-flow hose

OverallOverall

• Types of energy sources our house willuse: solar, generator to store

• Solid and liquid waste management:septic tank

• Location: neighborhood #3 nearelementary school

Written DescriptionWritten Description

• Modifications to increase energyefficiency: Energy Star appliances

• Modifications to make more environmentalfriendly: septic tanks, trees

Is Yoshava Feasible, After All?YES!! But Why?

• Transportation• Stability

• Resources