Eco-House in Cameroon and Pauverty Reduction

7/31/2019 Eco-House in Cameroon and Pauverty Reduction

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Energy Efficient, RenewableEnergy and Eco-house to Benefit

Poor Households in Cameroon

Excellence Week for Scientific

Research and Innovation in

Cameroon JERSIC 2009

By Mempouo Blaise

ARPEDACAssociation pour la Recherche et la

Promotion de lEnergie Durable en Afrique

Centrale
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wadala_slums_-_Mumbai.jpg


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OVERVIEW

Introduction

Statement of the Problem

Eco House

Eco-House and MDGs LINK

Practical Approach to Meet Eco-House

Standards Need of National Policies, norms and standards

for energy efficiency and Renewable energy in

buildings

Conclusion


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There is now clear scientific and political agreement in the

world that global warming is happening and that CO2 and

others greenhouse gas (GHG) in the atmosphere are

responsible of;

Cameroon has committed to stabilise its carbon emissions

and also to reduce poverty, but no clear targets have been

established

However develop country such as UK has committed to

reduce its carbon emission and has published 2008 UK

Climate Change Act , which sets new targets reduction

as following...

INTRODUCTION (1/2)


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INTRODUCTION (2/2)(UKs new targets reduction )

1990Base Levels

2012

2020 2050

20% reduction of CO2 from 1990 levels by 2012

34% (increased from 26%) reduction by 2020

80% (increased from 60%) reduction by 2050

Source: Committee on Climate Charge , 2008 UK Climate Change Act


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Global population is 50% urban, about 3 billion,

but one billion people, are living in slums

Due to rising population and Climate changerefugees from flood and drought, rapid

urbanisation is taking place

Slum population will reach 1.4 billion in 2020

In Cameroon , urbanisation is projected to be

more than 50% in 2010 from 2007 level. And

low cost homes grow as the cities grow

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM (1/4)


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2007 end consumption of energy by sector


Source: SIE-CAMEROUN (http://www.siecameroun.org/)


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Source: SIE-CAMEROUN (http://www.siecameroun.org/)


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ECO-HOUSE

EcoHouse, or Low

energy house , or green

building are terms

frequently used to define

a house, whose energy

consumption and CO2emission are lower than

for a similar conventional

house.


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ECO-HOUSEAND MDGS LINK

Goal 7, Target 7c and 7d

Target 7c : Reduce by half the proportion of people withoutsustainable access to safe drinking water and basicsanitation

Target 7d:Achieve significant improvement in lives of atleast 100 million slum dwellers, by 2020


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Practical Approach to Meet Eco-House

standards

Orientation measures

Building envelop measures

Building services

measures

Energy efficiency

measures

Eco- Home

Renewable

energy measures
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ECOHOUSE (1/4)(Orientation measures)

The aim is to optimise the use of direct natural

sunlight, to achieve thermal comfort with

minimal conventional energy input

Orientation

measures

Building regulation

compliance checking

Users measures

Ren-

ewable

Energy

measures


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Wall

Floor

Roof Windows

Doors

Ceiling

Building envelop

measures

Building regulation

compliance checking

Users measures

Ren-

ewable

Energy

measures

ECOHOUSE (2/4)(Building envelop measures)


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Current Low cost housing in Cameroon :

Hollow cement block for wall and concreteflooring , which have reasonable thermal capacity

Alternative material such as earth brick have

much high thermal capacities but have been

rejected by communities in earlier projects, as

they are perceived to be inferior material

ECOHOUSE (3/4)(Building envelop measures)

Building envelops materials are made with

appropriate building materials, such as material

with high thermal mass, which are able to store

heat/cool during the day and release slowly

when needed


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ECOHOUSE (4/4)(Building services measures)

In Cameroon, the urban poor

households rely on:

- biomass for cooking;- kerosene and candles for

lighting;

-Illegal electricity connection;

-Inadequate water distributionsystem

Access to modern energy system

is still beyond their reach.

Building envelop

measures

Building services

measures

Users measures

Ren-

ewableEnergy

measures


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Need of National Policies, norms and

standards for energy efficiency and

Renewable energy in building In Cameroon design of most modern

buildings and low cost homes are not

adapted to the local climate, resulting inunnecessary energy needed for lighting,

cooling or heating

The preference building material such asaluminium sheet with poor thermal

characteristic, results to major energy

wasted to create in-door comfort.


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MDGs and Sustainable Development goals in Cameroon are

unlikely to be achieve without intensive R&D activities to

address low energy homes requirements. Emphasis shouldbe given to the following issues:

1. Passive building systems

2. Energy and environmental conscious design of low

cost homes should not be seen as a developed countriesbusiness, but research needed to be done to find an

appropriate approach for eco-house in Cameroon and then

integrate the results into Building Regulations

CONCLUSION (1/2)


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Most cities in Cameroon have untapped renewable

energy potentials that could address poor households

energy shortages. however Particular R&D on use of

renewable energy technologies in buildings, as opposedto conventional energy. R&D activity to address

the following aspects of Eco-house is needed:

Energy efficiency

Energy producer (PV integrated);

Affordability;

Climatic conditions (smart); and

Human thermal comfort

CONCLUSION (2/2)


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THANK YOU FORYOUR ATTENTION

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Eco-House in Cameroon and Pauverty Reduction