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Eco-Friendly Fuels

Eco friendly fuels

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Page 2: Eco friendly fuels

INDEXWhat is an eco friendly fuel ?Why Eco FuelsSOME EXAMPLES OF ECO FRIENDLY FUELS

Natural gas Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Bio-diesel Electricity Hydrogen

REFERENCES

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What is an eco friendly fuel ?

An Eco-Friendly Fuel is an ecologically friendly fuel. Its production and use has a minimum impact on the environment. Eco-friendly Fuels are produced from naturally occurring materials - examples are biogas and biodiesel.

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Why Eco FuelsMost our fuels like petroleum, coal etc are formed from the organic remains of dead plants and animals .They contain a high percentage of carbon and hydrocarbons . As a result they releases harmful gases.With increasing energy need, the production and use of these fuels are in excess and thus created many serious environmental problems like Air Pollution, Global Warming, Rising Sea Levels ,etc .

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SOME EXAMPLES OF ECO FRIENDLY FUELS

Natural gasLiquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)Bio-dieselElectricityHydrogen

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Natural gasNatural gas is a naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, but commonly includes varying amounts of other higher alkenes and even a lesser percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and hydrogen sulfide.

Because of the gaseous nature of this fuel, it must be stored onboard a vehicle in either a compressed gaseous state or in a liquefied state .

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Natural gas is one of the most affordable forms of energy available to the residential consumer. Natural gas is the lowest cost conventional energy source available for residential use.

Cooking with a natural gas can provide many benefits, including easy temperature control, self ignition and self cleaning, as well as being approximately one-half the cost of cooking with an electric range.

A natural gas vehicle can be less expensive to operate than a comparable conventionally fueled vehicle depending on natural gas prices.

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Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Liquefied petroleum gas is one of the most common and an alternative fuels used in the world today. The gas is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel for various purposes. This is mainly used in heating appliances and vehicles and is replacing chlorofluorocarbons as an aerosol propellant. It is also used as a refrigerant mainly to reduce damage to the ozone layer.

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This is mainly used in heating appliances and vehicles and is replacing chlorofluorocarbons as an aerosol propellant. It is also used as a refrigerant mainly to reduce damage to the ozone layer.

LPG is also used as alternate for petroleum and Diesel. The main reason behind this being the difference in the prices of the oil, LPG has emerged as much preferred choice. LPG is a fossil fuel and can be refined from oil and natural gas.

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Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

CNG is a Eco-Friendly Fuel and Wallet Friendly Fuel. The main Component of CNG fuel is Methane (CH4), the finest fuel that come out from the Gasoline Tanks even before LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas-C2H6). CNG Fuel is lighter than Air rise upward even when mix with air. Low Density CNG Mix with air does not catch fire. CNG is safer than petrol if precautions

have been taken carefully. CNG fuel does not pollute environment because methane burning emit only carbon dioxide (CO2). Percentage of Carbon Monoxide came out after CNG Combustion is negligible.

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Compressed natural gas is used as an alternative fuel for autos and trucks. It is not widely available, so cab companies, and the like, would put a compressor at their depot. This gives all the taxis a limited range and a single source of refueling.

There are about 150,000 cars running on natural gas in the United States, and more than 5 million worldwide

Because it’s so clean, is being used more today for the generation of electricity. Even though coal is cheaper, it’s also the most polluting way to generate electricity. Emissions regulations have forced electric generating companies to make changes.

The main uses for natural gas in the commercial sector are for water and interior heating as well as cooling. Cooking facilities often use natural gas to fulfill this need as well.

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Biodiesel refers to a vegetable oil- or animal fat-based diesel fuel consisting of long-chain alkyl  Biodiesel is typically made by chemically reacting lipids with an alcohol producing fatty acid esters.

Biodiesel is meant to be used in standard diesel engines and is thus distinct from the vegetable and waste oils used to fuel converted diesel engines. Biodiesel can be used alone, or blended with petrodiesel. Biodiesel can also be used as a low carbon alternative to heating oil.

Biodiesel

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Biodiesel is a domestically produced, renewable fuel that can be manufactured from vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled restaurant greases.

Biodiesel is safe, biodegradable, and reduces serious air pollutants such as particulates, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and air toxics.

Biodiesel can also be used in its pure form but it may require certain engine modifications to avoid maintenance and performance problems and may not be suitable for wintertime use.

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Electricity Electricity can be used as a transportation fuel to power

battery electric and fuel cell vehicles. When used to power electric vehicles, electricity is stored in an energy storage device such as a battery.

EV batteries have a limited storage capacity and their electricity must be replenished by plugging the vehicle into an electrical source.

EVs have lower "fuel" and maintenance costs than gasoline-powered vehicles.

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Vehicles that operate only on electricity require no warm-up, run almost silently and have excellent performance up to the limit of their range. Also, electric cars are cheap to "refuel." At the average price of 10 cents per kwh, it costs around 2 cents per mile.

Its main disadvantage is that pure electric cars still have limited range, typically no more than 100 to 120 miles.

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Hydrogen Hydrogen, a gas, will play an important role in developing

sustainable transportation in the World, because in the future it may be produced in virtually unlimited quantities using renewable resources.

Hydrogen and oxygen from air fed into a proton exchange membrane fuel cell produce enough electricity to power an electric automobile, without producing harmful emissions. The only byproduct of a hydrogen fuel cell is water.

Currently there are no original equipment manufacturer vehicles available for sale to the general public. Experts estimate that in approximately 10-20 years hydrogen vehicles, and the infrastructure to support them, will start to make an impact.

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