ECHR : Case Ouardiri v. Switzerland : Observations

8/6/2019 ECHR : Case Ouardiri v. Switzerland : Observations

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ba xraqtnwwkgjaw

Wamk` mn lqrjwxrqba ga ba mn Gkqr- J&nrjgma 72 GABD dnojmja maw xnrjgqmjarwn wkqa jr ~q&qà mkj ujkma maqrw brkjw xnr amma)ràrà- a` J&nowa`ga b&q`nga j bjujbqam b&atagqmk - w&jmw rjw~qa b&a` wqojr bjragaia maw aeeaw&Maw nrraw Jrmn`ba g _kznqia)Q j a Bqbfak` g _kznqia)Q j raxra`à gaa jbaa Mn Gkqr nbia ~q&qà mafjwmnjk` xaq a rn6àr xnr wn waqmaatjwa ga q` in ~qaia nqt brkjw ragk `qw xnr mn Gk ua mkrr&

Bn`w J&nrra Agcma g Nmmainfà- mn Gkqr n xragjwa Ja aria ba /ujgjia/ baJ&nrjgma 72 GABD gkiia bawm~`n en xarwk a bjragaia gk garàaxnr r&agra kq r&kijwwjk` ejjfjaqt- m&atjwa`ga b&q` in`~qaia` nqtatjfa`gaw ba en Gkùa`jk` wa gk`gaun` iaia a` m&aowa`ga baxralqbjga 7. Amma n afnmaia nbijw mn `kjk` ba /ujgjia xka jamma/ bn wxmqwjaqrw gnw A` aeea- mkrw~q&qà mkj xkra naj a n q` brkj ragk``q xnrmn Gk ua jk` a aw wqwgaxjoma ba w&nxxmj~qar n qà garnj a gna~krja bamn xkxqmnjk - bk Ja ra~qarn - maw j`bjujbqw ujwaw xnr gaa iawqra wk baw umgjiaw/- A gkra enq)jm ~qa gaw xarwk`àw xrkbqjwa baw j`bjgawrnjwk``nomaw a gkùnj gn w ~qa mn ujkmnjk` aw wqwgaxjoma ba maw kqgdarxarwk`àmmaia /-

O. Nrfqia`w bq Fkquaràia`

2 Ma Fkquaràia enj unmkjr ~qa mn ra~qaa ba I Kqnrbjrj aw jrragaunomagnr ga bar jar &nqrnj xnw mn ~qnmma ba ujgjia Waqm Ja raeqw xnr mawnqkrjaw gkr`xaa aw ba bammurar qà nqkrjwnjk` ba gk`wrqgjk` b&qìj`nra nqrnj xkqr gk wa~qa ga- wamk` mqj- b&anommr mn ~qnmma ba ujgjiabq ra~qarn - wn gk ujgjk` ramjfjaqwa à wqeejwn xnw n amma waqma Mawujkmnjk`w nmma~qaaw baw nrjgmaw : a >2 GABD à warnja bk g xnwranmmwaaw/

?

GABD @krrjw g. Jrmn`ba- ra~. `K 4??1+64- ?5+>8+>:44- 7>. GABD Lkd`wk` a nqraw g Jrmn`ba- ra~ `K:5:6+4?- >4+>?+>:45- 2?. GABD Kxa` Bkkr a Bqomj` Vamm Vkin` g. Jrmn`ba- ra~. `K >2?72+443>2?71+44- ?:+>8+>::?- 22. GABD Inrgct g. Oamfj~qa- ra~. ` 5477+62- >7+85+>:6:- ?6.

? GABD Jrmn`ba g. _kznqia)Q`j- ra~. `K 17>8+6>- >4+8>+64- ?7:. GABD Bqbfak` g. _kznqia)Q`j- ra~.61?1+65- ??+>8+>:4j- 2>.

7 GABD Agcma g. Nmmainfà- ra~. `K 4>78+64- >1+86+4?- 55.2 GABD Bqbfak g+ _kznqia)Q`j- 28)2>.GABD Eabarnjk` gdrama`à baw aikj`w ba Ladkund ba Ern`ga g. Ern`ga- bagjwjk` wqr mn ragaunojmma bamn ra~. `K 17278+::- 85+>>+?88>- x. 272)271. GABD @kam @nrujj Rnqjrn a >4 nqraw g. Ern`ga- bagjwjk`wqr mn ragaunommma ba mn ra~. `K ?4?82+:1- 82+>?+>::1- x. >7>.

5 Kowarunjk`w bq Fkquaràia` wqjwwa bq >1+8:+?8>8- x. 5- gd. >?.


3/11

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G . _axk`wa

1 K` à wnqrnj wqjura gaa j arxranjk` a mjijar mn ~qawjk` ba mn `kjk`ba ujgjia n gamja ba J&j arbjgjk` inarmamma ba gk`wrqjra baw ij`nraw-ekrr qmaa n J&nrjgma 6? nmmàn 7 ba mn Gk`wjqjk` eabarnma/-

5. M&nrjgma : GABDfnrn j mn mmoara ba xa`waa- ba gk`wgja`ga a ba ramjfjk -a xrkafa- a` wk` nmjàn >- `kniia mn gkùjgjk` j jia ba J&j`bjujbq JJz n `k` waqmaia mn mmoara ba in jeawar wn gkùjgjk` ramjfjaqwa- injwafnmaia mn mmoara j arjaqra- graw)n)bjra mn grkzn ga a Ja ekr m armaqr

6. M&j arbjgjk` ba gk`wrqjra baw ij`nraw ujwa n j arbjra n q` waqm frkqxaramjfjaqt mn gk`wrqgjk` b&q` abjejga raxrawa n mn ramjfjk Gaaj arbjgjk` ujwa mn ramjfjk` iqwqmin a- a q j~qaia gaa bar jara- bn`wwk` atxrawwjk` xqomj~qa Maw nqraw gkir q nqaw ramjfjaqwaw à wkqeera xnw b&qà amma naj a Ammaw &k xnw n wqojr ba rawrjgjk`w ba ga zxaMn bjwxkwjjk` gk`garàa ujkma ba r`n jara bjwgrjij`nkjra mn gkùjgjk`ramjfjaqwa ba kqw maw iqwqmin`w ba Wqjwwa- a gk rauja bk`g n J&nrjgma>2 GABDa` gkioj njwk` nuag J&nrjgma : GABD

4. Gaa iawqra bjrj~aa n J&a`gk ra b&qà waqma gna~krja- maw iqwqmin`w-daqra mn gkùjgjk` j jia ba gaw bar jarw- a` rnjn J&jwmni bjeearar r a baw nqraw ramjfjk`w K` xkra naj a n mn xa waa a mn ukmk a ba xnrnfarqà ramjfjk` ~qj aw mn ramjfjk` r`qwqminà/- a ga n J&atgmqwjk` ba kqanqra grkzn`ga

:. JJ aw rnxxama ~qa J&j jjnjua gk`wjqjk`àmma n aa m mjaa nq ikje ~qa Jaij`nra warnj q` wziokma b&qà raua`bjgnjk` ba xkqukjr xkmjjgk)ramjfjaqwa ~qj- nq `ki b&qà bja mmoara ramjfjaqwa- gk awa baw brkjwek`bnia nqt- b&kq mn àgawwma ba w&nn~qar n ga wziokma

6 Nrjgma 6? nmm an 7 ba mn Gk wjqjk` eabarnma> < Mn gk wrqgjk` ba ij nraw aw j arbja .4 GABD Bjijrnw a nqraw g Fraga- ra~ `K2?476+85- 7?76+86- 87+85+?8>8- 64 < Mn Gkqr n lqfa ~qa

J&komjfnjk` ba rauamar waw gk ujgjk w ramjfjaqwaw xkqr à xnw xraar waria wqr m&Aun`fjma aw gk rn jran mn moara ba ramjfjk 3 a` aeea- mn mmoara ba in jeawar waw gk ujgjk w ramjfjaqwaw gkixra`b Ja brkjba J&j`bjujbq ba à xnw ara komjfa ba in jeawar wn gk eawwjk` kq waw gk ujgjk w ramj~jaqwaw- a ba àxnw ara komjfa b&nfjr a` wkra ~q&k` xqjwwa babqmra ~q&jm n ) kq &n xnw ) ba ammaw gk ujgjk w GABDIn`kqwwncjw a nqraw g Fraga- ra~ `K>4624+:>- ?5+8:+>::5- 26 < Ma brkj n mn mmoara ba ramjfjkam ~qa J&a a`b mn Gk ua jk` atgmq kqa nxxragjnjk` ba mn xnr ba m&An wqr mn mafjjija bawgrkzn gaw ramm~jaqwaw kq wqr maw r kbnmmaw b&atxrawwjk` ba gammaw)gj .

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4/11

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>8 Bn`w Ja iawwnfa bq Gk`wajm eabarnm wqjwwa ramnje n J&j jjnjua xkxqmnjra- jmaw wkqmj~ a ~qa J&j arbjgjk` nq gk`rnjraia`ngarnj mn xnjt ramjfjaqwa-gnr amma warnj xargqa gkiia qà bjwgrjij`njk` xnr mn xkxqmnjkìqwqminà :.

>> Mn gkùjgjk` ramjfjaqwa a j jia bq ra~qarn - a` n ~qa iqwqminùjun a` Wqjwwa- a wqojwwn gaa iawqra uatnkjra a bjwgrjij n a- awnaj a I Kqnrbjrj aw xarwk`àmmaia mawa xnrmn bjwxkwjjk` mjjfjaqwaJJ aw qà ujgjia nq wa`w ba J&nr 72 GABD xnrga ~q&jm wqoj bn`w wnxarwk`à maw naj aw ba`k gaaw- gk`wjqjuaw ba ujkmnjk`w nqt nrjgmaw :a >2 GABD

JJ. AXQJWAIA@RBAWUKmAW BA_AGKQ_WJ@RA_@AW

N. Xrj`gjxaw

>? M&nggaxnjk` xnr maw Dnqaw xnrjaw gk rngn aw b&q` wuwarà ba gk rkmawqxrn`njk`nm raxkwa wqr Ja xrj`gjxa ek`bnia nm ba mn wqowmbjnrja baJ&ngjk` ba mn Gkqr Ga xrj`gjxa aw gk wngra xnr J&nrjgma 71 nmmàn > GABD~qj atjfa J&axqmwarà baw ukmaw ba ragkqrw j aràw gkiia gk`bjjk`xranmnoma n mn wnjwja ba gaa j wn ga lqbjgjnjra

>7 Mn Gkqr xragjwa bn`w m&nrra Wamikq j g Ern`ga ~qa mn j amja ba J&nrjgma71 aw ba iaà~ar nqt Anw gk`rngn`w J&kggnwjk` ba xraua jr kqrabrawwar maw ujkmnjk`w amma~qaaw gk`ra aqt nun` ~qa gaw nmmafnjk`w àwkja` wkqijwaw nqt krfnàw ba en Gkùa jk` >8. JJ aw wkqdnjnoma ~qamaw rjoq`nqt nja` j jjnmaia` mn xkwwjomma ba rn`gdar maw ~qawjk`w bagkixamojmja bq brkj jàrà nuag en Gkùa`jk` >> Rkqaekjw- mn Gkqrxragjwa ~qa maw ukjaw ba ragkqrw j aràw bkjua ara bjwxk jomaw anba~qnaw /

: Xjaga ? lkj a n mn ra~qaa bq >1 +>?+?88: < Iawwnfa ramnje n J&j jjnjua xkxqmnjra gk ra engk wrqgjk baij nraw bq ?6 nkq ?884- Eaqjmma eabarnma $EE* 5:?1>8 Wamikq j g Ern`ga- ra~ ?1487+:2- ?4+86+>:::- 62

>> GABDOqrba` g _kznqia)Q j- ra~ `; >7764+81- ?:+82+?884- 2?>? Wamikq j g Ern ga- 61

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5/11

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O. Nrfqia`w bq Fkquaràia`

>2. Ma Fkquaràia` enj unmkjr ~qa Ja ra~qarn xkwwaba baw ukjaw ba ragkqrwaeeagjuaw. Ga bar`jar nqrn jr- wamk` mqj- mn xkwwmommma ba bain`bar qànqkrjwnjk` ba gk`wrqjra ~qa maw nqkrmaw warnja` komjfaaw b&atnijàr nmn mqr jara bq brkj nxxmjgnoma. Ma ra~qarn nqrnj- baw mkrw- mn xkwwmommma baragkqrjr gk`ra qà bagjwjk` ba raeqw ikjuaa xnr mn bjwxkwjjk`gk`wjqjk`àmma mjjfjaqwa. Ma ragkqrw xkqrrnj ara ekria xkqr ujkmnjk` bqbrkj iar`nk`nm&/

>1. JJ xraa`b ~qa wamk` mn xrnj~qa bq Rrjoq`nm eabarnm- J&nrjgma >:8 ba mnGk`wjqjk` eabarna &ar xagda xnw gaa j`wn`ga b&atnijàr mngkr`xnmommma a`ra maw mkjw eabarnmaw kq Ja brkj jàr`njk`nm- b&qà xnr- amn Gk`wjqjk`- b&nqra xnr./ N J&nxxqj ba gaa neejrinjk` JaFkquaràia` wa raeara n rkjw nrraw bq Rrjoq`nm eabarnm ~qj xragjwa ~q&a` uarq ba J&nrjgma >:8 ba mn Gk`wjqjk` eabarna- kqaw maw nqkrjawgkr`xaaàw- bk` Ja Rrjoq`nm eabarnm- wk` a`qaw b&nxxmj~qar qà mkjeabarnma iaia wj gaa bar jara `&aw xnw gkèkria n mn Gk`wjqjk`.

g. _axk`wa>5. Gaw rkjw nrraw rnja` b&q` gkèmj a`ra qà mkj eabarnma- a` J&kggqrra`ga

mn mkj eabarnma wqr Ja walkqr a m&anommwwar a baw arn`~arw $MWAA*- mn mkjeabarnma wqr J&nwwqrn`ga)inmnbja $MNInm*- a m&nrraa bq Gk`wajm eabarnm wqrmn xargaxjk` b&q` mr`xk eabarnm bjrag $NJEB*- a mn Gk`wjqjk`. mjw àwk` b&nqgq` wagkqrw xkqr rawkqbra mn xrkomar nj~qa ba mn gk`rnrmaab&qà `kquamma bjwxkwjjk` ba mn Gk`wjqjk` nq brkj jàr`njk`nm. mjw. `&neejria` xnw ~qa mn lqrjbjgjk` `njk`nma baurnj nxxmj~qar Ja brkjj ar`njk`nm wj gamqj)gj anm a` gk`rnbjgjk` nuag Ja brkj gk`wjqmk`àm&/JJ `&atjwa nqgqà lqrjwxrqba`ga xarian` b&neejriar ~q&q` lqfa `njk`nm

>7 Kowarunjk w bq Fkquar aia wqjwwa bq >1+8:+?8>8- x. 4- gd >:>2 Kowarunjk w bq Fkquar aia wqjwwa bq >1+8:+?8>8- x. :- gd ?>mW Xjaga >7 < NRE >?: JJ ?2: g 12 x. ?57- LbR ?881 J 71:< S... Ja RE rawa mja xnr maw bjwxkwjjk`w

ngqammaia a` ujfqaqr $nr. 6 a >6 nm. ? MWAAnj wj ~qa nr. 7 >ojw KMA* a` uarq ba m&ar< >:> Gw.Sngqammaia nr. >:8 ba mn Gk wjqjk` anaraaY- r wm~ra mn xkwwjoma j afnmja ba rnjaia . - Xjaga>2< NRE >?7 U 7>8 g 5o+oo x 7?? Xjaga >1 < NRE >?7 JJ : g ? 3 _BNE>::6 JJ 21: < JJ z n kqaekjwmjaq ba rawxagar rar< >>2ojw nm. 7Gw. A` uarq ba gaa bjwxkwjjk`- Ja Rrjoq`nm eabarnm à xaq xnwraeqwar b&nxxmj~qar qà mk abarama wkqw Ja xraata ~q&amma &aw xnw gk ekria n mn Gk wjqjk . S ...Y&arraa bq Gk`wajm eabarnm wqr mn xargaxjk` b&q` jix5 eabarnm bjrag $NJEK* S...Y enj xnrja bawbjwxkwjjk`w ~qj mja Ja Rrjoq nm eabarnm gk kiaia n m&ar. >>2ojw nm. 7Gw.Sngqammaia nr. >:8 bamn Gk wjqjk` abaraaY -

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6/11

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xraqt -.nWWKGmawnqrnj mn xkwwmojmma b&nxxmj~qar Ja brkj j ar`njk`nm nq barjia ba mnGk`wmqmk`&/-

>6. Nq juanq `njk`nm- Ja Gk wajm eabarnm nokrba mn xrkomar`nj~qa ba J&nrjgma>:8 ba mn Gk wjqjk` eabarna bn w wk` rnxxkr wqr mn ramnjk` a ra brkjj ar`njk`nm a brkj j ar a Ga bkgqia gk wna ~qa Mn Gk`wjqjkàbaraa à gk`ja` xnw ba `kriaw atxmjgjaw xrawgrjun` ~qam+a wkmqjk`nbkxar mkrw~qa rqà ba waw bjwxkwjjk`w a`ra a` gk`j nuag qà rafjajàr`njk`nma >6 @anìkm`w- maw nrjgmaw >:7 nmmàn 2 a >:2 nmjàn ? bamn Gk wjqjk` eabarnma xragmwa` ~qa maw raujwjk w ba mn Gk wjqjk`bkjua rawxagar Ja brkj j ar njk`nm jr xarnje

>4 A` ga ~qj gk garà mn xkraa ba J&nrjgma >:8 ba mn Gk wjqjk` eabarna-mkrw b&q` gk emj a ra Ja brkj j ar`njk`nm a mn Gk wjqjk - mn lqrjbjgjk``njk`nma &n lninjw aq n w&atxrjiar Xkqr wa rnxxrkgdar b&qà wkmqjk``kqw bjwxkwk w baw raematjk w bq Gk wajm eabarnm a ba ~qam~qaw nrraw bqRrjoq nm eabarnm ~qj- bn w baw wjqnjk w ukjwj aw- n raa`q ga ~qj wqj

>: Mn lqrjwxrqba ga ba mn Dnqa Gkqr wqjwwa- bn w m&nrra Wgdqoar- xragjwa~qa maw mkjw eabarnaw nbkxaaw xkwarjaqrar a n mn bjwxkwjjk` ba brkjjàr`njk`nm gk`garàa xrjia wj Ja Xnrmaia maw n nbkxaaw a` wngdn ~q&ammaw anma gk rnjraw nq brkj j ar`njk`nm&/ JJ w&nfj ba rawxagar mnukmk a bq ma~jwmnaqr

?8 Bn w m&nrra XCC>:- maw fnrn jaw j ar njk`nmaw ba xrkagjk baw brkjw baJ&dkiia xrjia maw mkjw eabarnaw iaia wj gaw bar maraw )wk xkwaraqraw ba mn GABD JJ à w&nfj bkà xnw b&q`gk emj a ra mn Gk wjqjk` a Ja brkj j ar`njk`nm gkiia Ja gnw ~qj `kqwjàrawwa

>5 Xjaga >5 < _nxxkr bq Gk wajm eabarnm- Mn ramnjk` a ra brkj j ar njk`nm a brkj j ar a - 1 inrw?8>8- x ?>>8

>6 Xjaga >5 < _nxxkr bq Gk wajm eabarnm- x ?>8:>4 Xjaga >6 < NRE :: Jo 7: g 2 Ukjr a~nmaia Xjaga >4 < Varrk Ern |- Gkiia dqin jwar Ja brkj

xrjua wn w gkiikbjejar maw brkjw ba J&dkiia- > M&nxxmjgnojmma baw brkjw ba J&dkiia a` brkj xrmua -Wgdqmdaww Lqrjwjwgda Iabja` NF- \Qrjgd)Onwam)Fa e- ?885- ?>: Xjaga >: < NRE >?1 JJ 2>6 g 2- WL ?888 J?82?8 Xjaga >4 < Varrk- ?

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7/11

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xraqtnwwkgjaw

?> Mn Jmoara ba ramjfjk` à enj xnw xnrja bq `kznq j n`fjoma baw brkjw baJ&dkiia JJ à w&nfj xnw b&qà `kria ba lqw gk~a`w. Mn Dnqa j wn galqrjbjgjk`àmma wqjwwa- nj wj ~qa &jixkra ~qamma nqkrma gkr xaa a- warnbn`w J&komjfnjk b&nxxmj~qar J&nrjgma 6? nmmàn 7 ba mn Gk wjqjk` eabarnma~qj aw xkwarjaqr nqt nrjgmaw : a >2 GABD- a ~qj n aa nbkxa xnr Jaxaqxma a maw gn k`w wngdn ~q&jJ ujkmarnj gaw bjwxkwjjk`w Gkiia balnj`bj~qa- jm &atjwa xnw nq waj` bq wuwarà damuam~qa ba gk rkma xkwwjomaba mn gk`wjqjk``nmma baw mkjw eabarnmaw&/

??. A ej - gk rnjraia nqt neejrinjk`w bq Fkquar aia - q a j arxranjkgk ekria n mn Gkùa jk` bq `kquam nrjgma 6? nmjàn 7 ba mn Gk wjqjkèabarnma aw atgmqa- ga ~qa Ja Gk`wajm eabarnm mqm)ràrà nunj gk ejrrà nqikia ba xrawa ar Ja ata ba J&j jjnjua < Qàjàrxranjk` gkèkrian mn gkùa`jk` &aw xnw xkwwjoma xqjw~qa J&jàrbjgjk` baia`baa aw~aàrama a nowkmqa a ~qa Ja grjara ba baej`jjk` bq ij`nra aw wk`nwwkgjnjk` n J&jwmni ??.

?7. Mn ra~qaa ba I Dnejb Kqnrbjrj &aw xnw qà ngjk xkxqmnrjw. Ma ra~qarn n gmnjraia bar`k ra ~q&jm wqojwwnj bjragaia maw aeeaw ba mnbjwxkwjjk` mjjfjaqwa Ma ra~qarn aw oja` qà ujgjia nq wa`w ba J&nr 72GABD Maw gk`bjjk`w ba J&nrjgma 71 nmj an > GABDwa a~nmaia raixmjawxqjw~q&jm à bjwxkwa xnw ba ikza`w ba ragkqrw j aràw aeejgngaw Mnbain`ba bq ra~qarn aw bk g ragaunoma

?> Xjaga ?8 < N Nqar + F Inmj uar j + I Dkamjar- Brkj gk wjqjk` am wqjwwa - Ukmqia J- xnfaw 517 aww

?? Xjaga ? < EE5:16

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8/11

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JJJ. UJKMNRJK@ BA M&N_RJGMA : BA MN GK@UA@RJK@

N. Xrj`gjxaw

?2 M&nrjgma : ba mn Gkùa jk` fnrn j mn mmoara ba xa`waa- ba gk`wgja`ga aba ramjfjk - ar xrkafa- a` wk` nmmàn >- mn gkùjgjk` j jia ba J&j`bjujbq JJn `k` waqmaia mn mjoara ba in jeawar wn gkùjgjk` ramjfjaqwa- injwafnmaia mn mmoara j arjaqra- g&aw)n)bjra mn grkzn ga- Ja brkj ba ekriarwn xrkxra xa`waa ramjfjaqwa

O. Nrfqia w bq Fkquaràia

?1. Ma Fkquaràia &n xnw wkqdnma w&aa bra bn`w waw kowarunjk`w wqr Jaoma )ek`ba baw frjaew nmma~qaw JJ n wjixmaia gk`gmq n mn `k )ujkmnjk` bawnrjgmaw : a >2 GABD JJ n xragjwa ~qa mn ukmk a bq xaqxma a baw gn k wwqjwwaw &anja xnw ba ujkmar bamjoararà Ja brkj j ar`njk`nm- j babjwgrjij ar mn xkxqmnjk` iqwqmin a bq xnzw?7

g. _axk`wa?5. Mn ~qawjk` bn`w gaa neenjra- à wa wjqa xnw bn`w J&j a jk` bq xaqxma

wqjwwa a baw gn k`w ba xkrar kq `k` naj a nqt brkjw baw iqwqmin`wa ba ujkmar Ja brkj j ar`njk`nm- injw wa wjqa bn w maw gk wa~qa gaw baJ&nggaxnjk` ba J&j jjnjua xkxqmnjra gk ra maw ij nraw

?6. Mn xkwjjk` atxrmr aa xnr Ja Fkquar ar a bn`w mn xrawa a xrkgabqra awj gkixrada`wjoma Rkq nq mk`f baw baonrw ~qj k xragaba mn uknjk - mawxmqw Dnqaw nqkrmaw bq xnzw- bk Ja Gk`wajm eabarnm- &k gawwa baiara a` fnrba mn xkxqmnjk` gk ra maw gk`wa~qa`gaw b&q a nggaxnjk` baJ&j jjnjua gk ra maw ij`nraw Xnrij gaw bar jaraw- Ja enj ~qa mn Wqjwwawarnj a` ujkmnjk` ba waw a`fnfaia w j ar`njk`nqt n mnrfaia aaneemrrà M&j jjajua rawxaga S. ..Y maw ra~maw ixarajuaw9bq brkjj ar`njk`nm $lqw gkfa`w*. S. ..Y. Amma ujkma àa`r`kj`w maw nr. : a >2 GABD-ba iaia ~qa mawnr. ? a >4 $a aua qammaia - +&nr. ?6* bq Xnga JJ ba

?7 Kowarunjk w bq Fkquar aia wqjwwa bq >1+8:+?8>8- x >?- gd 7?

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ba#

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J&K@Q. Iaia wj gaen &a agda xnw en uamjbma ba &m`jjajua- je `&a baiaqraxnw ikj w ~q&a nggaxn gaa j jjnjua- en Wqjwwa à rawxagarnj xeqw wawa`fnfaia w jàr`njk nqt ?2.

?4 Ma ra~qarn xnrnfa J&nujw bq Gk wajm eabarnm mkrw~q&jm neejria ~qa Jaij`nra aw qà in jeawnjk` ujwqamma ba J&jwmni G&aw q` wziokma ekrragk``q n nqt zaqt baw embamaw ~qa baw `k )iqwqmin w G&aw qàatxrawwjk` xqomj~qa ba mn ekj iqwqminà JJ aw bk g dkrw ba bkqa ~q&a`n ~qa am- ga zxa ba gk wrqgjk` nxxnrja nq bkinjà inarjamxrkafa xnr mn mjoara ramjfjaqwa gkiia J&a a b J&nrjgma : nmj an > GABD?1

?: Baw mkrw- J&nrjgma 6? nmmàn 7 xkra naj a n q` brkj ragk``q xnr mnGkùa jk - J&nrjgma : nmjàn > GABD Rkqaekjw nun ba gk gmqra n mnujkmnjk` ba gaa `kria- jm enq a gkra uarjejar wj amma xaq enjra J&kola barawrjgjk w nq wa w ba m&nmj an ? ba ga iaia nrjgma

78 Waqmaw baw rawrjgjk w xrauqaw xnr en kj xaqua mjijar mn mjoara baramjfjk Mn Gkqr bkj xra`bra a` gkixa mn àgawwma ba inj a jr qùarjnoma xmqrnmjwia ramm~maqt+/ Maw rawrjgjk w bkjua gk wjqar bawiawqraw àgawwajraw bn w q a wkgjaa bar`kgraj~qa- n en wagqrja xqoej~qa-n en xrkagjk` ba m&krbra- ba en wn a kq ba en ikrnea xqoej~qa- kq n enxrkagjk` baw brkjw a mjoaraw b&aqrqj $nrjgma : nmjàn ? GABD*

7> M&j arbjgjk` ba gk wrqjra baw ij`nraw à raxkà n nqgq` baw kolagjewa`qràraw n m&nmmàn ? Ma Gk wajm eabarnm n iaia neejria ~qa gaa iawqra gkixrkiarnj en xnjt raejfjaqwa ba `kra xnzw nq ejaq ba en fnrn jr ?6.Ba xmqw mn bjwxkwjjk` mjjfjaqwa aw kq n enj bmwxrkxkrmk`àa Ba xnr wk`gnrngara nowkmq- amma à raxk`b xnw nq grara ba àgawwja bar n ba bn wqà wkgjaa bar kgrnm~qa a ar`xagda kqa j arxranjk` gk ekria n mnGkùa`jk`+/

7? JJ a` rawqmw ~qa J&j arbjgjk` ba gk wrqjra baw ij`nraw aw baxkqruqa bama~jjija a ba ga enj- ujkma J&nrjgma : ba mn Gkùa jk

:

?2 Xjaga ? < EE5:54)5:5:?1 Xjaga ? < EE5:1m?5 GABDUarfkw g Fraga- ra~ ` K 5118>+8>- ?2+85+?882- 71?6 Xjaga ? < EE5:11?4 Xjaga ? < EE5:16


10/11

ba#

xraqtnwwkgjaw

JU. UJKMNRJK@ BA M&N_RJGMA >2 BA MN GK@UA@RJK@ A@ GKIOJ@NJWK@NUAG M&N_RJGMA :

N. Xrj gjxaw

77 M&nrjgma >2 ba mn Gk ua jk` j arbj kqa bjwgrjij`njk` onwaa `kniia wqr Ja wata- mn rnga- mn gkqmaqr- mn mn`fqa- mn ramjfjk`- maw kxj jk`wxkmjj~qaw kq kqaw nqraw kxj jk w... . Gaa bjwxkwjjk` n q` gnrngaranggawwkjra a` ga wa w ~q&amma à xaq ara m uk~qaa ~q&a` ramnjk` nuag q`nqra brkj fnrn j xnr mn GABDkq xnr maw xrkkgkmaw nbbmk`àmw/& Bn w Jagnw b&awxaga- Ja ra~qarn enj unmkjr ~qa m&nrjgma 6? nmjàn 7 ba mnGk`wjqjk` eabarna ujkma m&m arbmgjk` ba bjwgrjij`njk` ba m&nrmgma >2GABD xrjwa a` ramnjk` nuag mn mmoara ramjfjaqwa amma ~qa fnrn ja xnrm&nrmgma : GABD

O. Nowa`ga ba xrjwa ba xkwjjk` bq Fkquaràia`

72 Ma Fkquar aia w&aw nowa`q ba xra`bra xkwjmk - wa okr`n n gk`gmqranq gk wn ~q&jm &u nqrnj xnw ba ujkmnjk ba mn Gk ua jk

g. _axk`wa

71 M&nrjgma >2 GABD gja atxrawwarà mn ramjfjk xnrij maw grmaraw xkwwjomawba bjwgrjij`njk m&m arbjgjk` ba gk wrqjra baw ij`nraw à ujwa ~qa mngkr r q nqa iqwqmin a n m&atgmqwrk` ba kqa nqra gkiiq`nqaramjfjaqwa JJ z n bk g in jeawaia qà bjeeara ga ba rnjaia a ra mawj bjujbqw ~qj nxxnrja` a n ga ~rkqxa- a gaa bjeeara ga aw ek`baa wqrmn ramj~jkrr&/-

75 Gaa bjwgrjij`njk` à raxkwa wqr nqgqà lqwjejgnjk` rnjwk``noma akolagua / @j mn wagqrja- j m&krbra xqomjg- j mn xnjt ramj~jaqwa- àgkiin ba qà amma iawqra Xnrn ba ga gk`wn- m&j arbjgjk` nowkmqa ba

?: Xjaga ? < EE5:1678 Xjaga ? < EE5:147> GABDNmnqmccjmn n b kdarw u Ej mn ba- nxxmjgnjk `K77174+:5- ?4+>8+?881- 5: $q j~qaia a`

n`fmnjw*

>8


11/11

ba xraqt# nwwkgjaw

gk`wrqjra baw ij nraw- wn`w atnia` nq gnw xnr gnw- aw bmwxrkxkrmk` aa-a bkà brwgri`nkra&/

76 JJ a` rawqmw ~qa mn bjwxkwjjk` gk`wjqjk`àmma umwaa ujkma J&j arbjgjk` babjwgrjij njk` ba J&nrjgma >2 GABDm uk~qa a` gkioj njwk` nuag J&nrjgma :

,,,

Nq oaàejga ba ga ~qj xragaba- I Dnejb Kqnrbjrj xarwjwa bn`w maw ariaw agk`gmqwjk w ba wn ra~qaa bq >1 bagar ora ?88:

/Nq `ki baw nukgnw gk`wjqaw a a` ik` `ki- la ukqw xrja ba grkjra- Ik`wjaqr JaFraeejar ba Wagjk - n J&nwwqrn ga ba r n dnqa gk`wjbarnjk

7? Xjaga ? < EE5:14.

>>

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ECHR : Case Ouardiri v. Switzerland : Observations