ECHINODERMS SPINY-SKINNED

Hey Patrick Star!

Who me?

Are you an Echinoderm?

A what?

An Echinoderm!

Uh, I dunno, maybe!

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS • ALL ARE MARINE SPECIES ALL LIVE IN SALT WATER

• SKELETON MADE OF SPINES & PLATES MADE OF CALCIUM CARBONATE COVERED BY A LAYER OF SKIN

• HAVE RADIAL SYMMETRY

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS

• ORAL SURFACE = UNDERNEATH (WHERE MOUTH & TUBE FEET ARE FOUND)

• ABORAL SURFACE = TOP SURFACE

• BODY CAVITY IS FILLED WITH SEA WATER

• INTERNAL ORGANS & BODY PARTS ARE DIVIDED INTO FIVE SECTIONS

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS • PEDICELLARIA - SMALL PINCERS THAT

KEEP GILLS FREE OF DEBRIS & CAN BE USED IN DEFENSE

• CAN REGENERATE BODY PARTS

• ABSORB OXYGEN THROUGH TUBE FEET OR FROM THEIR GILLS

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-d5opK8jNLE

WATER VASCULAR SYSTEM

MADREPORITE

STONE CANAL

RING CANAL

RADIAL CANAL

AMPULLAE

TUBE FEET

WATER VASCULAR SYSTEM WATER IS TAKEN IN BY THE MADREPORITE.

WATER GOES INTO THE STONE CANAL AND THE RING CANAL.

THEN FILLS THE RADIAL CANAL IN EACH ARM.

WATER THEN ENTERS EACH AMPULLAE

AND THEN FILLS EACH TUBE FOOT.

BY CONTROLLING THE WATER PRESSURE THESE ANIMALS CAN MOVE & USE SUCTION TO HOLD ONTO OBJECTS

Echinoderm intro 2:15

SEA STARS

EXTEND STOMACH OUT OF BODY TO FEED

EXTERNALLY DIGEST FOOD & THEN ABSORB NUTRIENTS

STOMACH & MOUTH IN CENTRAL DISK

DIGESTIVE GLANDS & GONADS IN EACH ARM

HAVE EYE SPOTS AT TIP OF ARMS

SKELETAL PLATES ARE NOT FUSED THIS ALLOWS FLEXIBILITY

SEA STAR STOMACH

STOMACH

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6dnmLDu6Eg

NORTHERN SEA STARS

BAT STAR

CUSHION STAR

DAWSON’S SEA STAR

SUNFLOWER STAR

CROWN OF THORNS SEA STAR

BRITTLE STARS NOCTURNAL–ACTIVE AT NIGHT

FILTER FEED ON PLANKTON SCAVENGERS: EAT ANYTHING EDIBLE

RAPID CRAWLERS–USE ARMS FOR LOCOMOTION

ARMS BREAK OFF WHEN THREATENED OR HELD

DAISY BRITTLE STAR

BURROWING BRITTLE STAR

SPONGE BRITTLE STAR

SPONGE BRITTLE STAR

FEATHER STARS MOUTH FACES UPWARDS

NOCTURNAL FILTER FEEDERS

TUBE FEET ON ARMS TRAP PLANKTON AND TRANSPORT FOOD TO THE MOUTH

CIRRUS “LEGS” ARE USED TO CRAWL AND HOLD TO ROCKS

FEATHER STAR

GOLDEN FEATHER STAR

YELLOW FEATHER STAR

BLUE FEATHER STAR

Crinoid clip 0:45

SEA URCHINS ROUND SHELL - NO ARMS

SKELETAL PLATES ARE FUSED – CAN NOT BEND

LONG SPINES ARE MOVABLE & ARE USED FOR PROTECTION & TO WEDGE INTO ROCK CREVICES FOR SECURITY

HERBIVORES – EAT ALGAE & SEAWEEDS

SEA URCHIN CROSS SECTION

SEA URCHIN MOUTH

TEETH

ATLANTIC SEA URCHIN

PURPLE SEA URCHIN

GREEN SEA URCHIN

RED SEA URCHIN

VARIEGATED SEA URCHIN

LONG-SPINED SEA URCHIN

sea urchin harvest 1:00

Fire urchin clip 2:00

SAND DOLLARS FLAT VERSION OF SEA URCHINS

SKELETAL PLATES FUSED

TINY BLUNT SPINES

BURROW INTO SAND/MUD

FEED ON PLANKTON & DETRITUS

“PETALS” ARE AREAS OF GILLS

KEYHOLE URCHIN

SAND DOLLAR

SAND DOLLARS

SEA CUCUMBERS SOFT BODIED - NO HARD SKELETON

5 ROWS OF TUBE FEET

SPINES SCATTERED IN THICK SKIN

FEEDING TENTACLES ARE BIG TUBE FEET

TENTACLES

ANUS

TUBE FEET

SPINES

SEA CUCUMBERS THE “CLASSY” ECHINODERM

FEED ON SEDIMENT (EAT DIRT) WHICH CONTAINS BACTERIA, ALGAE, DETRITUS

TAKE IN WATER THROUGH THE ANUS FOR RESPIRATION

EVISCERATION – THE TALENT OF EXCRETING A SET OF ORGANS TO OFFER PREDATORS WHILE YOU ESCAPE & REGENERATE THEM

THE PEARL FISH - A “COZY” COMPANION WHO LIVES IN THE BODY VIA THE ANUS

SEA CUCUMBER CROSS SECTION

SEA CUCUMBER FEEDING

TENTACLES

DONKEY DUNG SEA CUCUMBER

CONICAL SEA CUCUMBER

THREE-ROWED SEA CUCUMBER

ORANGE-FOOTED SEA CUCUMBER

RED SEA CUCUMBER

PEARL FISH & THEIR UNSUSPECTING HOSTS

Sea cucumber 1:25