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Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and feeding behavior in the cheetah. Z Tierpsychologie 31:270-80. Keywords: Acinonyx jubatus/behavior/cheetah/experimental study/feeding behavior/predatory behavior Abstract: Experienced cheetah continue to hunt inaccessible prey at a near constant level, i.e. hunting motivation does not become habituated due to continuous visual exposure to prey. Mammalian carcasses elicit feeding, even if the animals were satiated to cut-up meat. Running away of the prey is unquestionably a releaser for attack. Cheetahs employ inter-specific threatening behavior against competing humans and prey that does not run, in the latter context threatening is effective in inducing the prey's flight. The cheetah does not knock the prey off its feet as earlier believed, but rather employs pulling with the dew claw to cause the prey to lose balance and fall down. The tail is unquestionably important as a rudder to change direction while coursing prey. The killing bite is released by the stimulus of a carcass.

Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

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Page 1: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and feeding behavior in the cheetah. Z Tierpsychologie 31:270-80.

Keywords: Acinonyx jubatus/behavior/cheetah/experimental study/feeding behavior/predatory behavior

Abstract: Experienced cheetah continue to hunt inaccessible prey at a near constant level, i.e. hunting motivation does not become habituated due to continuous visual exposure to prey. Mammalian carcasses elicit feeding, even if the animals were satiated to cut-up meat. Running away of the prey is unquestionably a releaser for attack. Cheetahs employ inter-specific threatening behavior against competing humans and prey that does not run, in the latter context threatening is effective in inducing the prey's flight. The cheetah does not knock the prey off its feet as earlier believed, but rather employs pulling with the dew claw to cause the prey to lose balance and fall down. The tail is unquestionably important as a rudder to change direction while coursing prey. The killing bite is released by the stimulus of a carcass.

Page 2: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug

An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

rrcvidus nuJie5 Liye ddril.d the hurtine b€hrvio! tlAr.N r97or).ndprtdiioly $q!enc. (!^roN 1970 b) of tlle .Letih in rhe ';ld. sin.e thce find-' q . q - f , - o , - d , , . r h * " 5 t . r o s p - i n e ' , , , r J " " I T p e , - d h

cipriviry. I hivc discoverud nudr addnionrl inlomrtion rnd .v.! drinsedeme e.rl i{ .onclusions deriv.d kom sqdv i! rheryild.

Rrsrir.

i . r . s ( n r r @ p" " ' . ' o ' o ' . ' o . '

lyen when fed to the pdint ol lully disrcddd:bnr.ll3 and nu.! lrshmer ni11aaaihhle, Jld$s rcsponded to d6d. whol. di&.os. vhiE ir cdlor.

h , v , x h , b - d r f o m o o f J - t u F p t r ' , t e n i o , q { f i o r . ' a o f . n . n 4' \ . ; m { . d o , , h . q ; . 1 J . , h ; : ; " B o o . i . i , h d L r o . e , - , t - ;L h " d r & " n , u . ; ) . o y o - s - d r d r r o d $ L r n t u r c r r c m . ! e t r 4 e h .l,,rd !io'. .:(rq o hor". Fr lr. nouflon heep. d., l. . r"ns

Tho sriting vith both or one toreleB is no! sm .lsshes ; pdrb.yr \ . o . i o . a l j r a , a F l , r , " d r ' , r ; d c v p r ! w . - p r o r , J n n r n g

. o - i n s p r y : d L . , , h p h ) . , " r o t o " " o - e d r ' " p , ; y ; v e , I o r . E ar h l t r o o r - h . . r . . , b c t o q , . r h " u - J f o r o ' 6 0 + h w p " " . i . r F r r i . r . d r o p t . ){ith prey rnd conspkili* rnd ro lighting (Fig. 1).

Page 3: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

Sold.rdru& {s ,Z.irsdrif! Inr Ti.rprydolqia"tz. rn4ry&r n,zcro, rnl

Ao Elpdiretrt l Study of Pred.tory dd F..dios B.li.aiori^ rhe Ch..t"h U.ino"t' j'bdt",

Page 4: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

I

On rvsn ocGidns M ibfndinc oI (t-up hore,ot vrs Ied unil,h(.henhs $opped feeJins. Aftn nididg vhitrr.otrridqed eriatlon, r rvlol..xrcis of tr horcorothor unerlirc r iniodued. lmDeJilrtlv thr ddlhrGd nvflously. .,d d!,1 'or rrop '!i l xll ws.onsumed, qc.pt lor tlc stG,l.aff bo's. skullnomd inJ inninrc.

h 5ome cncas llrdinis, rhr. wde .i*Ghs .hrt ddivsL,l the kill irsbn. b tle upp(, ""Dtql th.dr of th. .itis, .hcdy.s h s€tr in nE vild(tr^aoN 1970 5) aod 5y thas !h. drcmk ro livlpre]..

cr(xsr w{s JEggcd hshGJ 1 vchicle ;6 rl1. dlenh rdioD Tre &rt$r iDo.'lirrly En ro bd tl$ed rhc m(rr, som€ of then djssing thc dsvdiv iirc r .rt. bd pullidq br.lvards r n mov€d nxwrd

Modds ii the form of mduDRd spein.ns rrt. brousht i 'no dr drdlhJrcr b e$ the respoirsol the !64hh.

C'ztlk Nol.l

q d u " d r o n t o 1 " , e e w . p h . e d o h , h e s r c a d : 0 ) l ' o, . , o - . h r o q \ i o " . r ! j l o w t r I T i J - ' h " , p p o rvalk€d dovly ro,hcnodel id de p6Ne llluir&,1iD Fi{. r. Olhdory i.-$dloD (on ucJ lor svd:lii 'ruEn primadly rt tle rot{io!lnd po$cioreDd5 of the nod.l Chchhs drt {€ituJlt iaq dhsE itrspdins tbc Dodd,nD io n. Thoeihr ni lron: diredion thrt brcusht rh{n nt{tly in front

Page 5: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

, i:ir';,.:it.l:" '

Page 6: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

n

Page 7: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)
Page 8: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

!

r00\ed toh rh! vitd i,ln iDY.rtroain{ duri|* rtn pfrcd dm od ilt( rtj!

\nh liY.prr. lh. oD( of I r. i.rdl|veLot ri. hun iq [.h.ior oi rtr!

Page 9: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

' : l ; 1 ,

r , . l . l , J . r , i L - r

Page 10: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

.n Jtr 0c llla Erffioi! r.th livr.F$, rc'J " o o' 1 , . ! o , I d l d i a . d 2 a d F m r l a p n r . f p r d r o , 5 - h " '

urdi(.J rd lrdd.it d arlid lE^roi 1970b). Asn tuhsou., rrirtrrrvlr

n,r4 ! -',li- riir u-r,iIdi.P n ' , n + t r ! i ' . i A L ( N l C i J l r d !

Page 11: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

Do6 h:r rlr dlnal. p-edirory rqun r. r-r .h" b.hr |or or o' hfl hlid.;oE dd.lv th:n D6Fdlvb.lided

For drdDre A c.s tdep(c, .re fldns pay . nor In.J..! ot- wi,t' . 1 " " f ' h i 6 e o * G h , o , . o r ' . l n f " ' , ' l " d ' q J : " i m ' . i ' : . 1 i n,heomronr un "ol.lry lLelhd bnnBnLpn/dowtr

-h' l'$ i ntrrd- * " o r , 1 h ' J " - d i i d R U q . 3 h ' i F d P o L ' r ' r ' ' r i r ' 3 ' h '.iddi; a oo*";or lorc. on one:ide of ths torward noJns prtv. Thk eu55,h€o ; ' o :o ' dLn r : r " f l r L { bd .ndn . o i f , r l o ._ i d "'

{ i . o " " . h " d p u ) i n u ' \ . ( o e , r " T r \ " f { d , " " " o ldnsdo$ a5 shown jn r1g. /

Ir i;""h norc tr;rkabh t6't 't srcr spedi lfttrflrerv nu$tJ robcrs hich rs z0nD.h.. Ihcddah ii $le, in one motr sqKrq to noh.ltadlr 5hift ns w.is . p6tciorly vLil..xtrdtuF the forep:w to brins dornth!

r n h . . q n r u n n i . ' r D r , d . * : r o h " l J n , ^ b o ' o " ' ' o l ' Lne in ! D r , , hnn - ro , l n h t r d t s i , b "a "no ' : o Pu l r 5 r ! hh rcp :J ' , ; h *Ne ishnns th "p^y lndb nFnF t rdown1 f i * !1' rh " .

. 6^ - ; : on ; r , t . i l o t . ned i , . h " o r - . " , " o ' h . \ , l t - 3L i c n . ^ l " J ' l n o ' h t r q . ' ' , n . o r a a ' d a . ' ' o c d \ F ' � � � � � � � �, h r p r , h " . r . . , r " d * . L r o D o ' - . ' ' \ ' , d o \ ' . l o I J o r ' 1 .. i : ; l p ; r " r , r r c D - ^ & i t ' " h i o ' r d " i h " d F

Page 12: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

4&It,iob,r!ch4r 279

mif"T',#llHT:i':i1T1"11#:1StiE hody rlm dlins rr tle heJ :nd ne& rrc

6ovn.n6 tl,. (Ilftoh tu.o iB h.rd ddqn ind b:&vrdr'n€& n gnpp.d iD rh€ mouth One th. n.* siPn.rdlitvtd'F!n€dnqnpFd 'D rh€ mouth uneh. nd snPFrqtw('

E thn edD F @r the n.J< (rid hsd) w'dr i6dl rhd t!'a_lvl.nihi emrrl ded< ii rohrd hEdllv Ihc d{d hoLd! rh.

tfd6 rh. !g/. In noE rkJnr aadaFn:l rdnua ol ihe rpine in n:lldprev

trdons .nd movdflts :..mplrh6 ,i 16r hoons :nd novdflts r.mPl!trB ,! L6r sofrcm h.;q apo*d b rh. hoola d de brrd

e; *& -d h-d ;p*-..d. 'r. h*B ri! nded-furthrt';is or the n.d< 16 nu}6 lhs rddr* moa nlndrhlc

;f$x.*';m:*s'rf v.l,'m1i"iifi;i:i, iL1"'"',"T1;;dl;,1. {"j"h*i 'd,. r 'psi,l,ad L,uinB r(llnlgu€ hr cgln-

Ti€ tollorins onclBions anExDdi.ndi.hft mhs d.Dnr€dth.; * "d rwrrded 6t rI.Exp*iamd dEah continuLvel, i. e. huDtins motivnionuous vilual .xpsure to prq ;

of lunrid* pq qhitn Lftring .vm tboush

E hln! in.(Brible Da rt 1 ner sMntdos no! beome habnu2rd duc to @nin_

r- M.mmalim .2rti$6.licit f*ding, ev.niI rh. rnim.l5 wm 5rrirEd E

; ; . d ; kh . ' b .ouo lsmo. l v r rh€ j ro " , no t f i s . "n " r n i uh so ' po !d / ' J t Jowr \ . \ i shd tp ' . i , l i a t i on , iDP ' . i r t o . vbch l i o ' s 1 !wr -9

tUs DrEr..:n,h *e;nn;r -r\ rn rdu.in,,* 6tr /h rvsl.d 'hrL 'h.Lnline'bir; ws not i; D r .1. r:s trri $ L livePft, A_r' fc.dinB r_omercr;o r,lhJ by otfia, odlly q,ld ,nd dptrhncd d'nh! rh€ n'ir?d1aofi till.d on its third fial. !

;iy;;;i i' ,l'. d'd* or s;,,[ vs. {r_, , rh:. ny'..ba" is,un,ltel'

beh.viot ag:in* mmpdj"g

6. TLe dr&€i dG not Lro.* the pr.y off iB fat $19zob), bc rdrLtr .mploys pu ing rnh thc 'lsb lo$ b.l.nc. rnd IrU down;

7. The sil is unquBtionrhlyimportmt r r flddtr to drnge dn.cno vhil.

Run'rlhs:q:t of tbe pq tr urqlario blyCfRbhr oploy inkFlp(ifn lhdniinBhumatr rnd Drv th't dc not roq in the.lGdiv. in ind;inR th. pr./! diglt;

"ti,X'ilifi.?'i. " "r."* o" 'r'" ".'r* t . --*,'ft,lv uo;rio.e tu d rot.rro be Lh. ba_ ivpoL!e,i",|.lpLnaLion Ia'rh. i,t eient respon* of &p|icnred .oul'r rnd rib_rd lE b livFPR:{d

Page 13: Eaton RL. 1972. An experimental study of predatory and ... · o s, vdhe rDr PKt, Bqrh ud enbug An Exp.rimental Studr of Prcdatorr and r{.dins B.havior 'n tro che..rt @ci"ory' j|b.t6)

r0. !.dd!Ndi6, b] r.,--prchihr,v. .Ii... on '.od'.J. cl$. oD.rBhon,eo d D.dlD-dft.i p6bk. byep'iv.{udi6 undd more co _-otei

n :rminB rnd roe,JDrcuB[rutyrr.

zu!:lmdfasng

.. rrf�l.r_C.p/rdd ',g.n mrL st.i.fibh,h.,or l1ir.,ct?,r n:dr Bd4,

d i ca ie {h4 .JbdDkd iam.ToFs ius r q .n 06 F ,e , ;n / - , . , d l vcn ;d,. c.o:.dh rorh* mr s6drd'..nem Fhila,ed,j,r,- vrrn,. rudr d.r3ok tijrr de B.udss ni Grp€nc€) o.oh. d-, orcnd.

c.p,rd. q{i.- i[,e B.r'. trdI u-, fnJem orbro r. ,,,, qr. ---'d,h@d.. -r.nte rus d.d LteidrB.widr. D4 c.prrdan.*qrr/ drn ,n

Aud r@ 3.uE ld* d.d Tdtuns$in au'

q{7. L.6, r r.,Frc[, rr F.dJqr &[email protected] ,1[ -p !, d uui! L[r!,q.

d[!cni k;! i_. r,.rJrrqtr

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