Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Eating DisordersEating Disorders
Leah Shapira, M.A.
Jan 4/2011
Leah Shapira, M.A.
Jan 4/2011
“The voice goes on in my head. I call it the anorexic minx. It’s like a little person that gets inside my mind and takes control of my thoughts. The voice tricks me into believing that I am in control but I am not, it’s in control of me. Dictating what I can and can’t eat and how much exercise I should do. It never lets me rest. Being anorexic takes up all my time, it becomes a way of life. . . Everything is controlled . . . Life is filled with thoughts of this illness. Anorexia has become my way of life. It is what I know.” (Lucy, 1999)
“The voice goes on in my head. I call it the anorexic minx. It’s like a little person that gets inside my mind and takes control of my thoughts. The voice tricks me into believing that I am in control but I am not, it’s in control of me. Dictating what I can and can’t eat and how much exercise I should do. It never lets me rest. Being anorexic takes up all my time, it becomes a way of life. . . Everything is controlled . . . Life is filled with thoughts of this illness. Anorexia has become my way of life. It is what I know.” (Lucy, 1999)
Anorexia NervosaAnorexia Nervosa
Refusal to maintain body weight above a minimally normal weight for one’s weight and height
Intense fear of gaining weight
Distortions in the perception of one’s body weight or shape
Amenorrhea Restricting or Binge/purge
type
Refusal to maintain body weight above a minimally normal weight for one’s weight and height
Intense fear of gaining weight
Distortions in the perception of one’s body weight or shape
Amenorrhea Restricting or Binge/purge
type
PrevalencePrevalence
1% will develop anorexia at some point in their lives
90-95% diagnosed are FEMALE Highest mortality rates of all mental
disorders (5 to 10%)– Medical complications
Usually begins in adolescence
1% will develop anorexia at some point in their lives
90-95% diagnosed are FEMALE Highest mortality rates of all mental
disorders (5 to 10%)– Medical complications
Usually begins in adolescence
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKUSGOB-0V8&feature=fvw
CBS October 16, 2007
November 17, 2010
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uKUSGOB-0V8&feature=fvw
CBS October 16, 2007
November 17, 2010
Bulimia NervosaBulimia Nervosa
Recurrent episodes of bingeing:– Eating in a discrete period of time an amount that is
definitely larger than what most people would eat– Lack of control over eating during episode
Use of compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain
Usually normal weight Self-eval is influenced by body shape and weight
Recurrent episodes of bingeing:– Eating in a discrete period of time an amount that is
definitely larger than what most people would eat– Lack of control over eating during episode
Use of compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain
Usually normal weight Self-eval is influenced by body shape and weight
A Biopsychosocial ModelA Biopsychosocial Model
Biological –Tends to run in
families–Hypothalamus
disruptionSerotonin
Biological –Tends to run in
families–Hypothalamus
disruptionSerotonin
SocialSocial “Western” Societal
pressures to be thin and attractive. – Internalization
Upper-class Family dynamics Peer pressures “Occupational Hazards”
“Western” Societal pressures to be thin and attractive. – Internalization
Upper-class Family dynamics Peer pressures “Occupational Hazards”
Promotion of the “Thin Ideal”Promotion of the “Thin Ideal”
Airbrushing in the Media
Airbrushing in the Media
Ideal WeightIdeal Weight
Our “Ideal” shape increases with age
Current > attractive > ideal figure
Women think “thinner” is better, but men think heavier….
Fallin & Rozin, 1985
Our “Ideal” shape increases with age
Current > attractive > ideal figure
Women think “thinner” is better, but men think heavier….
Fallin & Rozin, 1985
Psychological FactorsPsychological Factors
Overvaluation of appearance
Cognitive factors –Dichotomous rigid
thinking Personality Self-esteem Emotional Regulation
Overvaluation of appearance
Cognitive factors –Dichotomous rigid
thinking Personality Self-esteem Emotional Regulation
DietingDieting
Dieting is an important onset risk factor – not all dieters end up with an eating disorder!
70% of women are dieting and 40% are continually gaining and losing weight
95% of all dieters regain their lost weight within one to five years
Why diets don’t work!
Dieting is an important onset risk factor – not all dieters end up with an eating disorder!
70% of women are dieting and 40% are continually gaining and losing weight
95% of all dieters regain their lost weight within one to five years
Why diets don’t work!
Celebrities and E.D.Celebrities and E.D. Princess Diana Paula Abdul Katherine McPhee Kelly Clarkson Jamie Lynn Sigler (Sopranos) Yeardley Smith
– (Lisa from the Simpsons) Alanis Morissette (Perfect) Mary Kate Olsen Victoria Beckham (et al.) …and sadly, many more…
Princess Diana Paula Abdul Katherine McPhee Kelly Clarkson Jamie Lynn Sigler (Sopranos) Yeardley Smith
– (Lisa from the Simpsons) Alanis Morissette (Perfect) Mary Kate Olsen Victoria Beckham (et al.) …and sadly, many more…
Help?Help?
National Eating Disorders Information Centre (NEDA)– www.nedic.ca
In Toronto….– Centre for Addiction and Mental Health– Toronto General Hospital
National Eating Disorders Information Centre (NEDA)– www.nedic.ca
In Toronto….– Centre for Addiction and Mental Health– Toronto General Hospital
