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1) Context-free variants occur in words with completely different meaning F

5) A pair of words which differ in just one respect is called a near minimal pair. F

11) Assimilation is the process by which (non-)adjacent segments change so as to become less similar F

16 )Varieties of English with only pre-vocalic ‘r’ are named rhotic accents F

20) Laterals are those sonorants whose articulation involves a free flux of air down the middle of the tongue. F

22) It is usually the allophone with the narrowest distribution that is selected to also represent the phoneme F

34) The English vowel schwa is always stressed. F

36 Long vowels can be 100 to 200 percent longer than short vowels. F

47 Tone and intonation are two terms used to refer to the same concept. F48 The fact that languages around the world are so different from each other makes the theory of UG invalid. F

49 Syllabification begins by marking the onsets. F

56 The sonority hierarchy goes like this in English:

Vowels (6) > Nasals (5) > Liquids (4) > Glides (3) > Fricatives/Affricates (2) >Plosives (1) F

68 The information listed in the Lexicon is independent from the grammar of a language F

74 According to the minimal sonority distance, the distance in sonority between the first and second element in theonset must be of at least three degrees. F

78 The English word marble, borrowed from French marbre, suffered the process of assimilation. F?

79 The Complement of a head is an optional element which may be deleted in speech without affecting thecorrectness of the sentence. F

89 Pure vowels involve tongue movement after the beginning of the articulation. F90 Active articulators can be the tongue and the upper teeth. F

91 ‘Lenition’ refers to various changes in which the resulting sound is somehow stronger in the articulation than toriginal sound. (F)

101 Phrases cannot form separate intonation groups. F

105 English [h] can only occur in word-final position F

106 The choice between the oral and nasal articulations depends on the position of the hard palate. F

111 The word Tbilissi is pronounced [t@bIlIsI] because of the process of deletion F

115 In the pulmonic ingressive airstream mechanism the airflow initiated in the lungs follows the direction of the

trachea, larynx and the vocal tract. (F)

119 Suprasegmental phonology studies units of speech smaller than sounds. F

133 Vowel height is a ‘horizontal’ parameter, corresponding more or less to the consonantal criterion of manner,based on the distance between the articulators F

134 The simplified pronunciation of the word handsome is due to a process of metathesis. F

135 If the vocal cords are wide apart, as if for the pronunciation of voiceless consonants, but the air still causes som

vibrations while passing through the glottis, we are dealing with the so-called glottal stop. F

138 English sonorant consonants cannot be syllabic . F

150 Phonetics studies the way sounds are organized in patterns and systems F

176 The word mostly is pronounced [m@UslI] because of the process of haplology F

197 Progressive assimilation applies from right to left. F

40 Language is an inventory of words that the child learns how to use by imitation ._______________________ F

97 The main criteria for classifying vowel sounds are: height, backness and roundness A

85 Approximants are divided into two groups: glides and liquids A26 In English liquids and glides following a voiceless obstruent are devoiced. A

3 Glides are also called semi-consonants because they behave like consonants A

19 A ‘dark l’ has a secondary velar articulation A

35 Allophones occur in complementary distribution A

104 Spread vowels are produced with the corners of the lips moved away from each other, as for a smile A

117 If two sounds do not share sufficient phonetic features, they cannot be the realizations of the same phoneme A

126 In English, nasalized vowels are positional variants: if a vowel precedes a nasal stop it will be produced with

lowered velum so as to anticipate the following consonant. A

137 The present-day English word horse, from Old English hros, suffered the process of metathesis A



139 A phoneme is an abstract representation of a class of sounds whose members are highly similar phonetically an

never occur in the same environment A

142 Assimilation may affect the voicing, the manner or the place of articulation of a sound. A

157 Obstruents are ‘noisy’ consonants produced by air disturbances, whereas sonorants are more like pure, musi

sounds (A)

161 The degree of sonority is closely linked with voicing and the degree of stricture. A

163 Word-stress is an inherent feature of the language system A

169 The vowel space is the space within the oral cavity available for the production of vowels. A

174 Minimal satisfaction of onsets takes priority over satisfaction of codas. A183 In the production of sounds with double articulation both places of articulation are equally important. A

195 The nasalization of vowels in English is a phonetically conditioned alternation A

196 Some of the sounds contained in the word are more sonorous than any of the others. A

98 Any lexical head X0 can project to XP A

120 The principle of endocentricity states that phrases are dominated by heads A

144 Different intonational contours alone may lead to different interpretations of one and the same sentence A

17 According to Chomsy and his followers, the language acquisition capacity of the child is a(n) .innate... faculty

25 Active articulators are parts of the...oral tract... which actively participate in the production of sounds

39 The phonetic alternations in English are valid in the case of plural marker allomorphs, the third person present

tense markers and the ……past tense. …….. regular markers.

42 The phonological component in a Grammar interprets the …surface….. Structure in terms of phoneticrepresentation and intonational contour

54 Both monophthongs and diphthongs belong to one…single syllable.

70 The basic word order of a sentence is represented at the level of…deep…Structure

109 Liquids are …sonorant….. consonants produced with approximation

124 UG consists of systems of…principles, conditions and rules…. and a set of language specific parameters

147 Vowel height is a.. …vertical….. parameter, based on the distance between articulators

153 In the articulation of…vowels. the air flows unhindered because the articulators are more or less wide apart

192 The roof of the mouth is subdivided into the …alveolar ridge.., the hard palate the soft palate, and the uvula

69 The word aqueduct is syllabified correctly as…………A

55 The word construction is syllabified correctly as…….A

60 The word deflecting is syllabified correctly as………..A87 The word humanize is syllabified correctly as…………A

198 The word settlement is syllabified correctly as………A

2 The word temperament is syllabified correctly as……..A

64 The word tendentious is syllabified correctly as………A

86 The word unfriendly is syllabified correctly as………..A

96 The word variance is syllabified correctly as ………….A

8 The word altruist is syllabified correctly as…………..F

82 The word dehydrate is syllabified correctly as………F

30.The word extension is syllabified correctly as………F

44 The word expressive is syllabified correctly as……...F

122 The word inclement is syllabified correctly as……F149 The word utilize is syllabified correctly as……….F

58 The English symbol [ð] represents the following sound: voiced inter-dental fricative

65 The English symbol [v] represents the following sound: voiced labio-dental fricative

155 The English symbol [z] represents the following sound: voiced alveolar fricative

73 The English symbol [s] represents the following sound: voiceless alveolar fricative

180 The English symbol [n] represents the following sound: voiced alveolar nasal

146 The English symbol [m] represents the following sound: voiced bilabial nasal

175 The English symbol [b] represents the following sound: voiced bilabial stop



27 process during which the resulting sound is weaker in the articulation than the original sound is called: lenition

32) Vowels are considered to be: continuant and sonorant sounds

41 If two sounds…do not share sufficient phonetic features., they cannot be the realization of the same phoneme

53 As far as da place of articulation is concerned, a palatal sound is produced by:da hard palate and da tongue blad

84 Which of the following groups of sounds is syllabic? vowels and nasals

158 Choose the statement which is correct: Voice is not a distinctive feature for vowels in English, but nasality

112 Choose da statement which is ok: A phoneme is the representation in actual speech of a whole class of sounds

71 Choose the correct statement: There are as many vowels as there are consonants in English…etc

All these statements are false 75) Obstruent sounds are articulated with a(n): raised velum80 Which of the following is not a possible word-initial consonantal cluster? Skr

102 Suprasegmental phonology studies units of speech larger than sounds

118 Which of the following sounds cannot be used as a syllable peak? l

121 As far as the place of articulation is concerned, a bilabial sound is: a sound produced by both lips

131. Auditory phonetics focuses on: the perception of sounds

127 The sonority hierarchy (scale), postulated by phonologists is the following

Vowels>Glides>Liquids>Nasals>Fricative/ Affricates>Plosives

156 If the vocal cords are wide apart, as if for the pronunciation of voiceless consonants, but the air still causes som

vibrations while passing through the glottis, we are dealing with the so-called: breathy voice ?

165 If the position of the vocal cords is that of complete closure and the air accumulates below the vocal cords, the

sound produced in this way will be: a glottal stop170 Diachronic linguistics studies: the historical development of a language.

172 Phonology is a linguistic discipline which studies: the way sounds combine into higher patterns and system

181 \Which of the following is not a possible word-initial consonantal cluster? Tl

182 Acc.to the sonority sequencing generalization:the sonority profile of the syllable must rise until it peaks,then fa

191 In English, voiced and voiceless consonants form pairs of: contrastive sounds

193 A syntagmatic analysis is a: horizontal type of analysis of the elements of a sentence

194 As far as the place of articulation is concerned, an alveolar sound is produced by: the alveolar ridge and the

tongue tip 125) The presence of the bilabial consonant in the English negative morpheme, as in

improbable, versus the presence of the velar consonant in the same morpheme, as in incongruent, can be explaine

by: regressive assimilation of the place feature

28)The pronunciation of the English plural morpheme as [ s ] in books and [ z ] in beavers is the result of:assimilation of the voice feature

29.Sometimes, the word film is regionally pronounced [fil@m] and it is the result of: insertion

143 The pronunciation of the Romanian word ceilalti as ceilanti can be accounted for by: regressive assimilation

61 The Romanian oo instead of ouã is the result of: progressive assimilation

173 The Romanian pronunciation of business as bisnitã is partly the result of: none of these

178 The Romanian ciungã instead of chewing gum is the result of: deletion

93 The Romanian itinerar is sometimes pronounced intinerar because of the following process:consonant inserti

63 Which of the following sets of sounds contains only syllabic sounds? a, e, r, i:

92.Which of the following sets of sounds can be described as voiced alveolars? d, n, l

114 Which of the following sets contains only voiceless obstruents? k, h, t

==================================================================================190 The word chauvinism is transcribed correctly as 4

162 The word environment is transcribed correctly as 4

59 The word inertia is transcribed correctly as 4

164 The word orthodox is transcribed correctly as 4

103 The word ritual is transcribed correctly as 4

72 The word cat is transcribed correctly as….. 3

21 The word cosmology is transcribed correctly as 3

110 The word ornament is transcribed correctly as 3

123 The word subversion is transcribed correctly as 3



107 The word comparison is transcribed correctly as 2

145 The word degeneration is transcribed correctly as 2

23 The word heptagonal is transcribed correctly as 2

15 .The word pneumonia is transcribed correctly as 2

57 The word threat is transcribed correctly as…. 2

13. The word fluctuation is transcribed correctly as 1

18 The word inequity is transcribed correctly as 1

37 The word streets is transcribed correctly as…. 1

46 The word tremendous is transcribed correctly as 167 The word deforestation is transcribed correctly as 1

100 The word generosity is transcribed correctly as…...1

108 The word punctuate is transcribed correctly as 1

128 The word eighteen is transcribed correctly as ….. 1

188 The word enumerate is transcribed correctly as 1

7 The English sounds U and ( :) are different in that U is lax and is tense. U is high and is mid . both c. and

9 The English sounds m and z are different in that m is a sonorant and z is an obstruent

m is a stop and z is a fricative both b. and d.

148 The English sounds and 3 (3:) are different in that is front and 3 is central.

is lax and 3 is tense. both a. and b

62 The English sounds i (i:) and are different in that i is unrounded and is rounded i is front and is back both a. and c

132 The English sounds t and dʒ are different in that t is a stop and dʒ is an affricate.

t is voiceless and is voiced . both a. and b.

4 The English sounds and are different in that: is front and is back

6 The English sounds b and tʃ are different in that: b is voiced and tʃ is voiceless

10 The English sounds i (i:) and are different in that i is front and is central

12 The English sounds [a] and [i:] are different in that: the former is short and the latter is long

14 The English sounds ( :) and u (u:) are different in that: is low and u is high.

31 The English sounds j and l are different in that j is palatal and l is interdental

33 The English sounds ( :) and are different in that: is tense and is lax

38 The English sounds and are different in that is stressed and is unstressed51 The English sounds g and w are different in that g is an obstruent and w is a sonorant

52 The English sounds m and are different in that m is bilabial and is alveolar

66 The English sounds v and are different in that v is labio-dental and is alveo-palatal

76 The English sounds [i] and [ ] are different in that: the former is lax and the latter is tense

77 The English sounds s and j are different in that: s is an obstruent and j is a sonorant

81 The English sounds and ( :) are different in that: is lax and is tense

83 The English sounds and are different in that is velar and is alveolar.

88 The English sounds ( :) and u (u:) are different in that is mid and u is high.

95 The English sounds and U are different in that is unrounded and U is rounded

99 The English sounds ε and 3 (3:) are different in that ε is lax and 3 is tense

116 The English sounds and ( :) are different in that is rounded and is unrounded

130 The English sounds and are different in that is alveolar and is interdental

136 The English sounds and are different in that is an obstruent and is a sonorant

140 The English sounds k and l are different in that k is voiceless and l is voiced.

151 The English sounds and w are different in that is voiceless and w is voiced.

166 The English sounds and are different in that is unrounded and is rounded

167 The English sounds tf and n are different in that tf is an affricate and n is a stop.

168 The English sounds and are different in that is voiceless and is voiced.

171 The English sounds and p are different in that is dental and p is bilabial

185 The English sounds and i (i:) are different in that is lax and i is tense



186 The English sounds and are different in that is low and is mid

187 The English sounds dʒ and k are different in that dʒ is alveo-palatal and k is velar

189 The English sounds α ε and ε are different in that α ε is low and ε is mid.

43 The English sounds u (u:) and U are different in that none of the above.

50 The English sounds ? and b are different in that none of the above

129 The English sounds and are different in that none of the above.

160 The English sounds and are different in that none of the above.

200 The English sounds and 3 (3:) are different in that none of the above

24 In the series [tʃ dʒ ʒ θ ] is dental and the rest are alveo-palatal.

94 In the series [t k p θ ] θ is a fricative and the rest are stops.

45 In the series [n l j ] j is palatal and the rest are alveolar.

152 In the series [g ] g is a stop and the rest are fricatives.

154 In the series [s l m] s is voiceless and the rest are voiced

159 In the series [? f ] is a sonorant and the rest are obstruents

177 In the series [w j b v] j is palatal and the rest are labial

179 In the series [k g w ] k is voiceless and the rest are voiced

184 In the series [t d l z] l is a sonorant and the rest are obstruents

199 In the series [m b p v] v is labio-dental and the rest are bilabial

113 The most sonorant sound in the following group [ m, p, r, g ] is: r141 The most sonorant sound in the following group [ d, n, j, l, z ] is: j

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