@earthscience92. What is Energy? Energy – Is the ability to cause change – Many forms of energy...
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@earthscience92. What is Energy? Energy – Is the ability to cause change – Many forms of energy – Two general forms of energy are Kinetic energy Potential
What is Energy? Energy Is the ability to cause change Many
forms of energy Two general forms of energy are Kinetic energy
Potential energy I will be able to describe Energy and the two
types of energy.
Slide 3
@earthscience92 What is Potential Energy? Potential Energy
Energy an object has due to its position and condition. I will be
able to describe Energy and the two types of energy.
Slide 4
@earthscience92 What is Potential Energy? Potential Energy
Examples: A ball held above the ground has potential energy because
the force of gravity can pull it down. Stretching a rubber band
increases its potential energy because of its condition. I will be
able to describe Energy and the two types of energy.
Slide 5
@earthscience92 What is Kinetic Energy? Kinetic Energy Is the
energy of an object that is due to motion All moving objects have
kinetic energy All particles in matter are in constant motion The
faster the particles move the more kinetic energy they have I will
be able to describe Energy and the two types of energy.
Slide 6
@earthscience92 What is Kinetic Energy? Kinetic Energy Depends
on mass and speed. Increases as mass increases Increases as speed
increases I will be able to describe Energy and the two types of
energy.
Slide 7
@earthscience92 How do particles move? Solids Held tightly
together Vibrate in place Liquids Move more freely Slide/tumble
over each other. Gas Particles far apart. Move at high speeds
Collisions occur. I will be able to describe how particles of
matter move in each state of matter.
Slide 8
@earthscience92 How does temperature relate to kinetic energy?
Temperature Measure of the average kinetic energy of all particles.
Absolute Zero Temperature at which the motion of particles stop.
Not possible to reach it (at this time). I will be able to define
and describe temperature, thermal energy and heat.
Slide 9
@earthscience92 How does temperature relate to kinetic energy?
Temperature Cooler Liquids Move Slower Lower Temperature Warmer
Liquids Move faster Higher Temperature Example: Hot Iron Particles
in the solid are vibrating very fast. Has a high average kinetic
energy. I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal
energy and heat.
Slide 10
@earthscience92 How is Temperature Measured? Thermometer An
instrument used to measure temperature. Units: Celsius ( C)
Fahrenheit ( F) Kelvin I will be able to define and describe
temperature, thermal energy and heat.
Slide 11
@earthscience92 What are the Temperature Scales?? Most commonly
used I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal
energy and heat. Used mostly in the US Used in physics Kelvin not
degrees Lowest temp = absolute zero
Slide 12
@earthscience92 What is Thermal Energy? Thermal Energy Total
kinetic energy of all particles in a substance. SI System Unit J
(joules) I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal
energy and heat.
Slide 13
@earthscience92 How is Thermal Energy different from
Temperature? Difference? Temperature = average kinetic energy.
Thermal Energy = total energy Example: A lake and glass of water
can have the same temperature. A lake has more molecules so it has
more thermal energy. I will be able to define and describe
temperature, thermal energy and heat.
Slide 14
@earthscience92 How is Heat? Heat Is the energy transferred
from an object of a higher temperature to an object of a lower
temperature. Always flows from hot to cold. More energy to less
Three ways it is transferred I will be able to define and describe
temperature, thermal energy and heat. Hot to Cold
Slide 15
@earthscience92 How is heat related to thermal energy? Heat /
Thermal Energy Heat is the energy involved when properties change.
Temperature and thermal energy are properties of a substance.
Adding or removing heat which affect its: Temperature Thermal
Energy I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal
energy and heat.
Slide 16
@earthscience92 How can heat affect the state of an matter?
Heat / State of Matter State of a substance depends on the speed of
the particles. Adding / removing heat can result in a change of
state. Example: Adding heat to ice cube changes it from a solid to
a liquid I will be able to define and describe temperature, thermal
energy and heat.
Slide 17
@earthscience92 How can heat be transferred? Energy Transfer
Stations I will be able to compare and contrast the three types of
energy transfers.
Slide 18
@earthscience92 How can heat be transferred? Radiation Transfer
of energy as heat by electromagnetic waves. Ex: Radio waves,
microwaves, infrared waves visible light, ultraviolet waves. Can
travel through empty space. Cannot see it, but feel it as heat
(infrared) Sunlight Open Fire Living things I will be able to
compare and contrast the three types of energy transfers.
Slide 19
@earthscience92 How can heat be transferred? Conduction
Transfer of energy as heat by direct contact. Occurs when objects
of different temperatures come in contact. Particles bump into each
other transferring their energy. Continues until the temperatures
are equal. Can occur with a single object. Energy is transferred
from the warmer part to the cooler part. I will be able to compare
and contrast the three types of energy transfers.
Slide 20
@earthscience92 How can heat be transferred? Convection
Transfer of energy as heat by the movement of a liquid or gas. In
most substances, as temperature increases, density decreases.
Convection occurs when a cooler (denser) fluid (liquid or gas)
replaces a warmer (less dense) mass of a fluid. Creates a
convection current. I will be able to compare and contrast the
three types of energy transfers.
Slide 21
@earthscience92 How a Convection Current Works? Warmer Fluids
Particles move faster. Particles spread out increasing volume
Density becomes less dense, and fluid rises. I will be able to
explain how convection transfers heat energy. Cooler fluids
Particles move slower Particles come together, decreasing volume.
Density increases, fluid sinks.