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Moon Background
Earth’s Moon
The moon is a natural satellite.
A satellite is a moon or machine that orbits a planet or star.
Earth has only one moon.
14
5
62
The moon is about 240,000 miles from Earth.
The Moon is 2,155 miles in diameter.Or about ¼ the size of Earth’s diameter.
Photo taken of Earth and our moon from 114 million miles away!
The Moon’s Temperature
The Moon’s Surface
• No atmosphere• No liquid water• Extreme temperatures–Daytime = 265°F–Nighttime = -310 F
• 1/6 Earth’s gravity
The Earth’s moon revolves around the Earth as both go through space and revolve around the Sun.
Movements of the Moon
• Revolution – Moon orbits Earth every 27.3 days
• Rotation – Moon turns on its axis every 27.3 days
Movements of the MoonBecause the rotational period is equal to its period of revolution around the Earth, we always see the same side of the moon (from Earth)!
Why do we always see the same side of the moon?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OZIB_leg75Q
Far Side of the Moon
• First seen by Luna 3 Russian space probe in 1959
• More craters / less maria
Exploring the Moon
• 1950s to 1960s – probes sent
• Neil Armstrong First man on the Moon – July 20, 1969
• Six Apollo missions (1969-1972)
• 12 Americans have walked on the moon
When will we return?
What causes the moon to appear in
a series of phases?
Moonlight is reflected sunlight
• Half the moon’s surface is always reflecting light• From Earth we see different amounts of the Moon’s lit
surface• The amount seen is called a “phase”
From Earth, our moon appears in a series of phases that repeat in a regular cycle.
Phases: the different appearances of the moon due to its changing position.
FULL
QUARTER
(half)
CRESCENT
(less than half)
GIBBOUS
(more than half)
FOUR MAIN SHAPES copy into notes!
Waxing: when themoon appearsto get larger
Waning: when the moon appears to get smaller
fill in the moon phases on your sheet!
CHECK YOURS!
NEW
WAXING CRESCENT
First Quarter
WAXING GIBBOUS
FULL
WANINGGIBBOUS
THIRD QUARTER
WANING CRESCENT
Video on Phases
Discovery Education: “Space Exploration: Phases of the Moon” (2:30)• http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search?Nt
t=moon+phases
MOON PHASECHALLENGE
waning crescent
third quarteror
last quarter
waxing gibbous
fullmoon
waxing crescent
waning gibbous
new moon
first quarter
Journal Work
• Please glue in the small sheet of paper with the phases of the moon. Attempt to label each of the phases without your book or notes. Once you feel “stuck”, you may check your notes from yesterday!