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EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

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Page 1: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

EARTH’S CLIMATEPAST and FUTURE

SECOND EDITION

CHAPTER 1

Overview of Climate Science

WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN

© 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Page 2: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

1- Changes in Earth-Sun Geometry

2- Changes in Sunspot Activity

3- Changes in Concentrations of Greenhouse Gases

4- Plate Tectonics

Causes of Climate Change

Page 3: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Changes in Earth’s Orbit - Eccentricity

Page 4: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 5: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 6: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 7: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 8: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 9: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 10: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 11: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

EARTH’S CLIMATEPAST and FUTURE

SECOND EDITION

CHAPTER 2

Climate Archives, Data, and Models

WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN

© 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Page 12: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Sediment Archives

Page 13: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Lake Cores

Page 14: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Ocean Drilling

Page 15: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Ocean Core

Page 16: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Trees as Climate Archives

Page 17: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 18: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 19: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Radioactive Decay

Page 20: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 21: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 22: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 23: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 24: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 25: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 26: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company
Page 27: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Pollen

Page 28: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

Plankton

Page 29: EARTH’S CLIMATE PAST and FUTURE SECOND EDITION CHAPTER 1 Overview of Climate Science WILLIAM F. RUDDIMAN © 2008 W. H. Freeman and Company

General Circulation

Model


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