GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS EARTHQUAKES WHAT TECHNOLOGY ARE USED TO MONITOR EARTHQUAKES? Recording earthquakes involves measuring vibrations. Seismographs, also known as seismometers, are very important tools to measure earthquakes. The times at which the differing seismic waves arrive at various seismometers are identified and used to determine the location of the earthquake. CAN AN EARTHQUAKE BE PREDICTED? Predicting earthquakes, despite the progress of science and technology remains a challenge today. However, advances in science are bringing us closer to predicting earthquakes. EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING Earthquake Engineering New Zealand is a high-risk region for earthquakes, therefore designing earthquake resilient buildings is very important. REFERENCES • OGeoNet https://www.geonet.org.nz • Japan Fire and Disaster Management Agency http://www.fdma.go.jp • Civil Defence https://www.civildefence.govt.nz • GNS https://www.gns.cri.nz EARTHQUAKES IN NEW ZEALAND Every year GNS Science locates over 15,000 earthquakes in New Zealand. Earthquakes are the vibrations caused by rocks breaking under stress. The underground surfaces along which the rocks break and move are called a fault plane. The size or magnitude of an earthquake is determined by measuring the amplitude of the seismic waves recorded on a device called a seismograph and the distance of the seismograph from the earthquake. 2010 Canterbury earthquake - Earthquake shock wave preserved in rail tracks Major faultlines and tectonic plates for New Zealand Seismic waves from a seismograph www.curiousminds.nz www.geo-id.co.nz www.irisdata.co.nz GeoNet earthquake activity SEISMIC REINFORCEMENTS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: 1. Reinforcing foundations by casting extra concrete, etc. 2. Reinforcing wall surfaces using structural plywood or bracing members. 3. Reinforcing the building from the outside using auxiliary struts, etc. 4. Reinforcing with bracing members, etc. 5. Reinforcing overhanging verandas, etc. 6. Reducing the weight of the roof. 7. Increasing the number of columns. 8. Replacing columns or beams and reinforcing metal fixtures.

EARTHQUAKES - Iris Data Science€¦ · EARTHQUAKES IN NEW ZEALAND Every year GNS Science locates over 15,000 earthquakes in New Zealand. Earthquakes are the vibrations caused by

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Page 1: EARTHQUAKES - Iris Data Science€¦ · EARTHQUAKES IN NEW ZEALAND Every year GNS Science locates over 15,000 earthquakes in New Zealand. Earthquakes are the vibrations caused by

GEOLOGICAL HAZARDSEARTHQUAKES

WHAT TECHNOLOGY ARE USED TO MONITOR EARTHQUAKES?Recording earthquakes involves measuring vibrations. Seismographs, also known as seismometers, are very important tools to measure earthquakes. The times at which the differing seismic waves arrive at various seismometers are identified and used to determine the location of the earthquake.

CAN AN EARTHQUAKE BE PREDICTED?Predicting earthquakes, despite the progress of science and technology remains a challenge today. However, advances in science are bringing us closer to predicting earthquakes.

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERINGEarthquake EngineeringNew Zealand is a high-risk region for earthquakes, therefore designing earthquake resilient buildings is very important.

REFERENCES• OGeoNet https://www.geonet.org.nz• Japan Fire and Disaster Management Agency

http://www.fdma.go.jp• Civil Defence https://www.civildefence.govt.nz• GNS https://www.gns.cri.nz

EARTHQUAKES IN NEW ZEALANDEvery year GNS Science locates over 15,000 earthquakes in New Zealand. Earthquakes are the vibrations caused by rocks breaking under stress. The underground surfaces along which the rocks break and move are called a fault plane.The size or magnitude of an earthquake is determined by measuring the amplitude of the seismic waves recorded on a device called a seismograph and the distance of the seismograph from the earthquake.

2010 Canterbury earthquake - Earthquake shock wave preserved in rail tracks

Major faultlines and tectonic plates for New Zealand

Seismic waves from a seismograph

www.curiousminds.nz

www.geo-id.co.nz www.irisdata.co.nz

GeoNet earthquake activity

SEISMIC REINFORCEMENTS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:1. Reinforcing foundations by casting

extra concrete, etc. 2. Reinforcing wall surfaces using

structural plywood or bracing members.

3. Reinforcing the building from the outside using auxiliary struts, etc.

4. Reinforcing with bracing members, etc. 5. Reinforcing overhanging verandas, etc. 6. Reducing the weight of the roof. 7. Increasing the number of columns. 8. Replacing columns or beams and

reinforcing metal fixtures.