Earthquakes Around the Earthquakes Around the WorldWorld

Tiffany ImbusTiffany Imbus

Jen JurisJen Juris

Kelly StachlerKelly Stachler

EarthquakesEarthquakes

When do earthquakes occur?When do earthquakes occur? Why do earthquakes occur?Why do earthquakes occur? Where do earthquakes occur?Where do earthquakes occur? How do you notice when an How do you notice when an

earthquake is occurring?earthquake is occurring?

When Do Earthquakes Occur?When Do Earthquakes Occur?

Earthquakes cannot be predicted but Earthquakes cannot be predicted but scientists are working on itscientists are working on it

Earthquakes happen in both day and Earthquakes happen in both day and nightnight

Why Do Earthquakes Occur?Why Do Earthquakes Occur?

Pieces of the crust of the earth Pieces of the crust of the earth suddenly shiftsuddenly shift

Vibrations (seismic waves) travel Vibrations (seismic waves) travel outward in all directionsoutward in all directions

Where Do Earthquakes Occur?Where Do Earthquakes Occur?

Earthquakes happen along fault lines Earthquakes happen along fault lines in the earths crust and on plate in the earths crust and on plate edgesedges

Most occur along the edge of the Most occur along the edge of the oceanic and continental platesoceanic and continental plates

Occur where 2 plates are running Occur where 2 plates are running into each other or sliding past each into each other or sliding past each otherother

Major Plates of the WorldMajor Plates of the World

How Do You Notice When an How Do You Notice When an Earthquake is Occurring?Earthquake is Occurring?

Gentle shaking of the groundGentle shaking of the ground Hanging plants swaying or objects Hanging plants swaying or objects

wobbling on shelveswobbling on shelves Low rumbling noiseLow rumbling noise Feel a sharp joltFeel a sharp jolt

Map of Major World EarthquakesMap of Major World Earthquakes

Mexico, 1985 - FactsMexico, 1985 - Facts

Location: Pacific Coast of Mexico, Location: Pacific Coast of Mexico, damage concentrated in Mexico Citydamage concentrated in Mexico City

Date: September 19, 1985Date: September 19, 1985 Time: 7:17 AMTime: 7:17 AM Richter Scale Reading: 8.1Richter Scale Reading: 8.1 After Effects:After Effects:

• Aftershock Reading: 7.5Aftershock Reading: 7.5• Two meter high tsunamiTwo meter high tsunami

Mexico, 1985 - DamageMexico, 1985 - Damage Number who felt the quake: 20 millionNumber who felt the quake: 20 million

• Fatalities: 10,000Fatalities: 10,000• Injuries: 50,000Injuries: 50,000• Number of people left homeless: 250,000Number of people left homeless: 250,000

800 buildings destroyed – including hotels, hospitals, 800 buildings destroyed – including hotels, hospitals, schools, businessesschools, businesses

Cost to repair damages: $5 billionCost to repair damages: $5 billion

Mexico, 1985 – Not the FirstMexico, 1985 – Not the First

In the 20In the 20thth century, 35 earthquakes century, 35 earthquakes have occurred in this area prior to have occurred in this area prior to 1985 with a magnitude greater than 1985 with a magnitude greater than 7.07.0

1985 earthquake was not a surprise1985 earthquake was not a surprise• Epicenter located between the states Epicenter located between the states

Michoacan and GuerreroMichoacan and Guerrero This area had previously been referred to as This area had previously been referred to as

the “Michoacan Gap” but gap was filled by the “Michoacan Gap” but gap was filled by 1985 earthquake1985 earthquake

Mexico, 1985 – Why Here?Mexico, 1985 – Why Here?

West coast of southern Mexico is a West coast of southern Mexico is a very active seismic zonevery active seismic zone

Cocos Plate submerges beneath the Cocos Plate submerges beneath the North American Plate which causes North American Plate which causes earthquakes to occurearthquakes to occur

The World’s Largest EarthquakeThe World’s Largest Earthquake

Southern ChileSouthern Chile May 22, 1960May 22, 1960 Magnitude of 9.5Magnitude of 9.5 Over 2,000 people killedOver 2,000 people killed About 3,000 people injuredAbout 3,000 people injured 2,000,000 people homeless2,000,000 people homeless $550 million in damage$550 million in damage

Effects on Other CountriesEffects on Other Countries

Tsunami caused:Tsunami caused:• 61 deaths and $75 million in damage in 61 deaths and $75 million in damage in

HawaiiHawaii• 138 deaths and $50 million in damage 138 deaths and $50 million in damage

in Japanin Japan• 32 dead and missing in the Philippines32 dead and missing in the Philippines• $500,000 in damage done to west coast $500,000 in damage done to west coast

of United Statesof United States

Other EffectsOther Effects

The violent eruption of the volcano Puyehue, which erupted two days after the earthquake, about 200km from the epicenter .

Pictures of the CatastrophePictures of the Catastrophe

Destruction in Valdivia and

Puerto Montt

More Photos….More Photos….

1960 Tsunami Destruction at Hilo, Hawaii

BibliographyBibliography

http://www.garfield.k12.ut.us/schools/ehs/http://www.garfield.k12.ut.us/schools/ehs/msse/quakes/85mexqua.htmmsse/quakes/85mexqua.htm

http://www.mapsofworld.com/world-major-http://www.mapsofworld.com/world-major-earthquake.htmearthquake.htm

http://http://geology.er.usgs.gov/eastern/plates.htmlgeology.er.usgs.gov/eastern/plates.html

http://http://www.fema.gov/kids/quake.htmwww.fema.gov/kids/quake.htm http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/earthq1/http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/earthq1/ http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/eqlists/10maps_whttp://neic.usgs.gov/neis/eqlists/10maps_w

orld.htmlorld.html