Upload
scott-eaton
View
213
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Earthquakes and Volcanoes Study
Guide
Faults Normal Fault:
Plate boundary- divergent Stress- tension
Reverse Fault: Plate boundary- convergent Stress- compaction
Strike-slip Fault: Plate boundary- transform Stress- shear
Seismic Waves P waves:
Primary waves
Come first
Back and forth motion
Travel through Solids and Liquids
S waves: Secondary waves
Sideways or side to side motion
Travel through solids only
Surface waves: Waves on Earth’s surface
Cause the most damage
Circular movement
Focus/Epicenter Focus:
Starts deep within the earth along the fault line Right where the rupture occurs
Epicenter: Point directly above the focus, on the surface of
the Earth
Hot Spots
Areas on Earth’s mantle where high temperature causes sections of Earth to rise
Heat melts the rock that is forced to the surface
Form away from plate boundaries
Examples: Hawaii, Yellowstone
Composite Volcano Eruption:
Alternate between explosive and non-explosive eruptions
Sometimes runny lava, sometime pyroclastic material type lava
Wide base/steep sides Most dangerous Alternate between explosive and non-explosive
eruptions Most dangerous
Cinder Cone Volcano
Smallest, but most explosive Lava that breaks up and shoots into the air
(pyroclastic material)Magma is viscous
Most common volcano
Shield Volcano
Very wide, but shallow/gradual slope Runny lava Non-explosive Get their name from a
warriors shield Ex: Mt. Eta