Earthquake Resistance Tech at Town Planing Lvl

7/30/2019 Earthquake Resistance Tech at Town Planing Lvl

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Indian sub-continent is prone to natural hazards as depicted by theVulnerability Atlas of India published by BMTPC and it has been enactedthrough Disaster Management Act that India needs to be pro-activerather than reactive as regards earthquakes, tsunami, etc. is concerned.

It is also learnt from recurrent earthquake occurred for last two decades inIndian subcontinent that in order to have pro-active approach it is

prerequisite that we prepare ourselves better for disasters by following ways:

generatingknow-how hazard scenariosmapsvulnerability & risk analysisretrofitting strategy for existing buildingsbuilding capacities within.


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EARTHQUAKE HAZARD MAP OFINDIA


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Town planning is done after identification of various hazard prone zonesin the area. Land suitability is estimated for particular type ofconstruction. Vulnerability maps are used to find the low lying areaswhich are prone to disasters and put under hazardous zones of thelocality. Town planning is channelized through these maps. Maps areused as guidelines for planning and zoning of certain areas.

The NBC, NDMA, BMTPC, IS codes etc have certain provisions for theearthquake resistant architecture at individual level. The Council isactively involved in preparation of Model Building Byelaws for safetyagainst natural hazards and assisting the State/UT Governments inmodifying their building byelaws by organizing Technical Workshops onModel Amendments in Town and Country Planning Act, Zoning

Regulation, Development & Control Regulation and Building Regulationfor safety against natural hazards.


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Earthquake management can be divided into some phases they depend

upon the time that characterize actions taken such as pre-event duringthe event and post-event:

Mitigation: Activities trying to the probability of disaster. Eg.Regulations, planning carefully, land use and building management.

Preparedness: Actions taken before disaster when mitigation cannotprevent disasters. This includes operational precautions, losspredictions early warning systems, stocks and educations.

Response: Actions following a disaster, this is co ordination, search

and rescue, damage assessment and minimize the loss for comingdamage.

Recovery: Studies to return the systems to normal functionality in thelong term. Eg. Moving debris, access to water , food, temporaryhousing.


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Pendik is an administrative districtof istanbul. It ia a gate to istanbul

and has been exposed to increaseto population and migration, as aresult it could not follow planneddevelopment. Many informalsettlements, squatters areas areseen. Pendik is in 1st degree

earthquake risk zone.

An important earthquake is predictedrecently and the unbroken faults arelocated in the marmara sea 15 kmsfrom pendik.


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STEPS TAKEN TO ENSURE MINIMUM DAMAGE:

defining the problemBuilding a database structure

Collecting municipal data describing the districts lands, residents, infrastcture etcDigitizing and editing the GIS generated maps.

After the preparations were complete thematic maps could be invented for Pendikurban inventory. There are 3 groups in different scales:

THEMATIC MAPS IN MACROSCALE: these identify hospitals,other healthcare buildings,schools, government buildings,police and fire stations. And

factories and industrial zones.Mosques, soprts area green areas.Railway stations and airport.


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INFRASTCTURE MAP: indentifying

heliports power stations and lines,main and secondary pipelines andstations of water and natural gas,transformers etc.

DENSITY MAP:Density map was created from Ariel view.


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Queries in macro scale:

The action plan of the municipality wasexamined. The service area for someimportant facilities and some what ifscenarios for the network analysis wasmade.Identifying building on earthquake faults.

Informal building were removedwhich were located under highvoltage energy power lines.


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Service area analysis for fire station


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Queries in mezzo scale:

Queries in micro scale:

Identifying vulnerable building andretrofitting them. Removal of illegalsettlements and widening of roads inclustered areas for increase in escaperoutes.


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DATABASES:

health care centers and their database

Unstable buildings and their database


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Explosive industrial areas and their database

CONCLUSION:

Documents

Earthquake Resistance Tech at Town Planing Lvl