Module Three: Processes and Forces of the Lithosphere Examples
of physical weathering. Frost action temperature organic activity
3dparks.wr.usgs.gov3dparks.wr.usgs.gov - 800 633 - Search by
imageThe geologic story of the formation of the natural bridges is
linked to the physical weathering properties of the rocks, stream
drainage pattern changes, etc.800 633Search by image
Slide 3
A delta is: Large amounts of sediments are deposited at the
mouth of a river. deltas.usgs.gov - 826 662 - Search by image
Satellite Image of the Mekong and Mississippi River Deltas The U.S.
Geological Survey is bringing its broad scientific understanding of
the Mississippi
Slide 4
3 methods of controlling erosion. Terracing Plant and Soil
Sciences eLibraryplantandsoil.unl.eduPlant and Soil Sciences
eLibraryplantandsoil.unl.edu - 800 571 - Search by imageHillside
contour strawberry farming in Monterey County, CA.800 571Search by
image Strip cropping or contour farming www.epa.govwww.epa.gov -
285 203 - Search by imageContour Farming. Source: USDA - Natural
Resources Conservation Service285 203Search by image Drainage
ditches www.esa.orgwww.esa.org - 600 450 - Search by imageDitches
at sites with heavy recreational fishing pressure.600 450Search by
image
Slide 5
Chemical weathering Carbonation Geology of National
Parks3dparks.wr.usgs.govGeology of National
Parks3dparks.wr.usgs.gov - 800 596 - Search by imageIn the past,
wind-blown dust and soil probably filled the alcove to higher
levels and chemical weathering associated with shallow
groundwater800 596Search by image plant acids The Geologic Story of
the Ocoee Riverpubs.usgs.govThe Geologic Story of the Ocoee
Riverpubs.usgs.gov - 378 233 - Search by imagePhotograph of folded
rock layers near Maddens Branch Folded rock layers near Maddens
Branch. [Photograph by David Usher, U.S. Geological Survey]378
233Search by image and oxidation Mars & Iron Mountain | USGS
California Water Science Centerca.water.usgs.govMars & Iron
Mountain | USGS California Water Science Centerca.water.usgs.gov -
625 468 - Search by imageGossan is a rock consisting mostly of iron
oxides formed by weathering of rock originally greater than 50%
iron sulfide (usually pyrite).625 468Search by image
Slide 6
Causes of soil mismanagement Clearing vegetation, overuse of
fertilizers, pollution
Slide 7
The top layer of the soil horizon Organic Earthquake Glossary -
soil profileearthquake.usgs.govEarthquake Glossary - soil
profileearthquake.usgs.gov - 261 372 - Search by imageSoil profile
in hills of Manisa Province, Turkey, showing a distinct horizon of
accumulated red-purple metallic (manganese and/or iron?) oxides261
372Search by image
Slide 8
Parent Rock Determines what type of soil will be produced by
weathering pubs.usgs.govpubs.usgs.gov - 390 362 - Search by imageHA
730-N Hawaii Volcanic-rock aquifers, Ground-Water Occurrence and
Movemen390 362Search by image
Slide 9
Module Four: Plate Tectonics, Volcanoes, and Earthquakes
Matching coastlines, fossil evidence, and rock formations are all
evidence for the theory of Continental Drift Which was first
presented by Alfred Wegener NASA:
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fscience1.nasa.gov%2Fmedia%2Fmedialibrary%2F2002%2F01%2F25%2F28jan_extinction
_resources%2Fpangea_strip.jpg&imgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fscience1.nasa.gov%2Fscience-news%2Fscience-at-
nasa%2F2002%2F28jan_extinction%2F&h=180&w=475&tbnid=FfGsh6Kq8jfo6M%3A&zoom=1&docid=i4GY8XswmaDw4M&ei=CqM5U4O0K
KL50gH-xYDIDw&tbm=isch&ved=0CGEQhBwwBA&iact=rc&dur=4286&page=1&start=0&ndsp=6
www.rpdp.netwww.rpdp.net - 284 218 - Search by imageFigure 12.
Distribution of several plant and animal fossils found in the
continents that formed284 218Search by image Interactive Earth
game: click below.
http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/pangaea/Pangaea_game.html
Slide 10
Slide 11
The Appalachian Mountains are very old, and have stopped
growing. Older mountains tend to have more rounded tops due to
erosion over a long time. Below: Geology of National
Parks3dparks.wr.usgs.gov - 432 613 - Search by imageMap of the
Appalachian Mountains region showing the extent of the sedimentary
and crystalline rock belts.Geology of National
Parks3dparks.wr.usgs.gov432 613Search by image Right:
energy.usgs.gov - 940 180 - Search by image Welcome to the Energy
Resources Program Website "Appalachian Coal"
Area.energy.usgs.gov940 180Search by image
Slide 12
NASA - Why Isn't the Earth Perfect?www.nasa.govNASA - Why Isn't
the Earth Perfect?www.nasa.gov - 330 204 - Search by imageThe
plates float on top of the hot layer of the Earth's mantle. Credit:
NASA Tectonic plate boundaries are:330 204Search by image
Slide 13
The layers of the earth from the center to the outside are
Inner Core Outer Core Mantle Crust Introduction to Physical Geology
Syllabuswww.geol.umd.eduIntroduction to Physical Geology
Syllabuswww.geol.umd.edu - 647 648 - Search by imageCore: From 2880
km. to the center. Metallic - primarily of nickel and iron. (There
is an outer liquid core and a solid inner core - same composition,
different physical state.)647 648Search by image
Slide 14
Mt. St. Helens is a Strato volcano. Strato volcanoes are
explosive and blow the rock covering off in a cloud of small
fragments called ash. Strato volcanoes are also called composite
volcanoes, because they build up layers of ash and lava. Often
before an eruption from a strato- volcano, earthquakes will occur.
Earthquakes often give warnings. Small earthquakes that precede
(happen before) large earthquakes are called foreshocks.
vulcan.wr.usgs.govvulcan.wr.usgs.gov - 600 406 - Search by image
Image, click to enlarge:
MSH82_st_helens_plume_from_harrys_ridge_05-19-82.jpg. Plumes of
steam, gas, and ash often occurred at Mount St. Helens.600
406Search by image
Slide 15
Volcanoes of Lewis and Clark - Mount St. Helens -
Summaryvulcan.wr.usgs.govVolcanoes of Lewis and Clark - Mount St.
Helens - Summaryvulcan.wr.usgs.gov - 640 481 - Search by image
Mountains grow from640 481Search by image Folding Fault Blocking,
and Volcanoes
Slide 16
Earths Mantle An elastic layer of molten rock that has the
force to move the tectonic plates USGS Geology in the
Parksgeomaps.wr.usgs.govUSGS Geology in the
Parksgeomaps.wr.usgs.gov
Slide 17
The Lithosphere Made of the Crust and Upper Mantle The crust is
where the action is. The entire rock cycle takes place in the
crust, from magma pools deep below, to mountain peaks, high above
the surface. Earthquakes, are often preceded by warning trembling,
called foreshocks. www.eoearth.orgwww.eoearth.org - 750 463 -
Search by imageFigure 3: Three types of plate convergance resulting
in subduction. (Image Source. US Gelogical Survey.)750 463Search by
image
