Early Years of Rome

By Maggie Montler Latin 1

A2 2-10-09

The Trojan War

• Historians believe that the Trojan war was an actual war; possibly many wars strung together by myth

• Poseidon and Jupiter decide to marry off the sea goddess, and in doing so, made Hera, Aphrodite, and Athena, jealous of each other, and fight over a golden apple inscribed with “to the fairest of them all”

• Paris is chosen to pick the most beautiful of them and chooses Aphrodite, because she offered him the most beautiful woman in the world: Helen of Sparta.

• Paris stole her away to Troy, and the war began.

• The war finally ended with the Trojan Horse and the sacking of Troy after ten years

Aeneas• Trojan Prince and General and

Son of Venus • Escaped the sacking of Troy

with his father and son (his wife, Creusa, did not survive the escape)

• Landed in Carthage and had a year long affair with Their Queen, Dido.

• After leaving Carthage and Dido (when she found out about his departure, she cursed him and his descendants and committed suicide)

• He lands in Italy, and marries the daughter of King Latinus, Lavinia.

• Founds Lavinium after his wife.

Ascanius

• Aeneus’s son from his marriage with Creusa or Lavinia ( the legends differ)

• Founded Alba Longa and was it’s first King.

Rhea Silvia• The daughter of King

Numitor, who was thrown from the throne by his brother, Amulius

• Amulius killed her brothers and forced her to become a Vestal Virgin

• Mars visited her and she conceived the twins Romulus and Remus

Romulus and Remus• The sons of Rhea Silvia and the God

Mars were sent down the River Tiber by their uncle

• Saved by a she-wolf who suckled them

• Found by a shepherd who raised them after the she-wolf

• Overthrew Amulius and put Numitor back on the throne

• Wanted to found new city• Argued over name of the city and

who would rule it ending up in Remus’s death and Romulus becoming King and naming the city Rome

• Romulus carries out the Rape of the Sabine Women

• Romulus disappears in a storm and is worshipped as a god

Rape of the Sabine Women

• Carried out by Romulus to bring women into his city

• He held a festival and invited the Sabines, and then stole the women that came

• Went to war but long enough after the Rape, that the Sabine women had gotten used to Roman life

• As the war reached them, the women begged the m to be peaceful and discontinue the war

• The two leaders listened, and the war ended

Numa Pompilius• The second King of Rome• Ruled form 715-674b.c. • A Sabine, but chosen to rule

by the Roman people• Under his rule, Rome went

from a warring city to a peaceful one

• Egeria was his Nymph friend who acted as his advisor.

• Founded the temple of Janus and the 12th month to the calendar

• Founded the temple of Vesta and the Vestal Virgins

Tullus Hostilius

• The third King of Rome• Ruled from 673-641b.c. • Was quick to start wars

and did so often• Began the Triplet Dispute• Killed by Jupiter for

wrongful practice of Religion

Horatii and Curiatii• Two sets of triplets— Horatii were

Roman and Curiatii were Alba Longan • Rome and Alba Longa were plundering

each other, and since both the Kings were war-crazy, Started a war

• The Alba Longan King is Killed, and Meteus Fettus was elected to rule.

• The two leaders have a conference and decide to use two sets of triplets to fight for them

• The Horatii and Curiatii were chosen• After some fighting, two of the Horatii

are killed, and the Curiatii are weakened

Horatii and Curatii• The last surviving Horatii

tricks the Curatii and kills them

• He arrives home and finds out that his sister was engaged to one of the Curatii

• She is angry so, he kills her

Ancus Marcius • The fourth King of Rome• Grandson of Numa

Pompilius• Religious as Numa, but

as Capable in war as Hostilius

• He built Rome’s port Ostia on the Tyrrhenum Sea

• Was befriended by Tarquinius Priscus

• Died after 24 years of ruling

Tarquinius Priscus • The Fifth King of Rome• Born rich• From the Etruscan town of

Tarquinii• His wife was a fortun teller and

told him that he must go to Rome

• Ancus Marcius was his children’s guardian

• Elected King while Marcius’s sons were away

• Fought Latins; won and was attacked by the Sabines; won

• Assanitated by sons

Servius Tullius

• The sixth king of Rome• Born a slave and served

Tarquinus• Was seen asleep with

hair on fire; when he woke up, it went out

• Tarquinius’s wife took it as an omen and raised him as a son

• Became the King after Tarquinius died

• Started the first census

Tarquinus Superbus

• Seventh king of Rome• Son of Tarquinus Priscus• Married one of the

daughters of Servius Tullius and brother married the other

• He and his brother’s wife killed their siblings, and got married

• Killed his father and became King

Rape of Lucretia• Lucretia was the wife of Collatinus • He was bragging about her while

drinking saying that she was the best wife ever

• They checked on his story, and all agreed that she was the best

• Sextus Tarquinius had a desire to “take her honour”

• He snuck into her room at night, and told her that if she made a sound he would kill her and if she didn’t do what he said,he would kill her and a slave, and frame her for adultery with the slave. He raped her

• She told her husband and father what had happened, and after they swore vengeance on him, she killed herself, while ther husband and father went out to kill Sextus Tarquinius

Horatius holds the Bridge to Rome• The Roman people threw out

Tarquinius Superbus, who the n went to the Etruscans for help, and they gave him an army

• He went back to take Rome back, and all the people around the walled part of Rome, ran to it for safety, across the Tiber River by bridge

• Horatius, a young soldier, noticed that they had forgotten to get rid of the bridge, do that the adcancing army couldn’t cross the river.

• He, while standing on the bridge, held back the whole army while his fellow soldiers cut it down

• When it fell, he jumped into the Tiber and swam to safety, leaving the army thinking that Rome must be protected by the Gods

Roman Republic• After the Roman experience with mostly failed Kings,

they decided to become a Republic• They voted for Officials• Had written laws• Three parts: The Senate, The Consuls and the

Assemblies

Sources• "Aeneas." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Aeneas." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Ancus Marcius." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Early Years of Rome." Uniservity. 6 Feb. 2009.• "Horatii and Curiatii." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Horatii and Curiatii." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Horatius at the Bridge." Ancient Rome for Kids. 6 Feb. 2009.• "Horatius." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Lucretia." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Numa." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Rape of the Sabine Women." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Rhea Silvia." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Roman Republic." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Romulus and Remus." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Servius Tullius." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Tarquinius Pricsus." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Tarquinus Superbus." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Trojan Horse." 6 Feb. 2009.• "Tullus." 6 Feb. 2009.

Finis