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Early Political Theory and Practice. C a. 800– ca. 450 BCE. Agenda. Papers MLA, Honesty, Critical Thinking Recap and Update The Invention of Politics Oral Report Natham , Christine, Orin on Monoson on Harmodius & Aristogeiton Pick a Lens Dahl, Ober, Scholtz. Papers. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Early Political Theory and PracticeCa. 800–ca. 450 BCE
04/22/2023 Early Politics 2
Agenda
• Papers• MLA, Honesty, Critical Thinking
• Recap and Update• The Invention of Politics
• Oral Report• Natham, Christine, Orin on Monoson on Harmodius
& Aristogeiton
• Pick a Lens• Dahl, Ober, Scholtz
Papers
MLA, Honesty, Critical Thinking
04/22/2023 3
Recap and Update
The Invention of Politics
04/22/2023 Early Politics 5
Birth of the Polis
from Iron-Age chiefdom
• village networks• basileis• boule (royal council)
• demos (rank-and-file)
to Archaic polis
• synoecism• archons• boule (aristocratic council)
• demos (popular assembly)
04/22/2023 Early Politics 6
Athenian Timeline
• ca. 620 Draco’s law code• thesmoi
• 594/3 Solon’s reforms• nomoi
• 560-510 Peisistratean tyranny• 507 Cleisthenic reforms
04/22/2023 Early Politics 7
Critical Thinking: Solon (594/3? BCE)
1. Birth qualification => property qualification.2. Cancellation of debt.3. End to debt-slavery.4. Council (boule) of 400.5. Citizen-jury courts (eliaia, dikasteria).
Tyranny? Oligarchy? Democracy?
Cleisthenic Reforms (507 BCE)
from oligarchyclan/village constituencies
4 tribesarchons
Council of 400
to proto-democracydeme-trittys organization10 tribesarchons + stratēgoiCouncil of 500
isonomia
04/22/2023 Early Politics 9
Readings: Issues
• Justice and the state• Stasis, eunomia• monarkhia, isonomia
• Constitutional concerns• democracy• oligarchy• tyranny
• Questions of peitho
Oral Report
Natham, Christina, Orin
04/22/2023 10
Pick a Lens
Dahl, Ober, Scholtz
04/22/2023 Early Politics 12
Dahl’s Criteria
1. Effective participation.2. Voting equality at the decisive stage.3. Enlightened understanding.4. Control of agenda.
“Strong principle of equality”(compare isonomia)
04/22/2023 Early Politics 13
Ober’s Dialectic
• Mass “hegemony” / elite “advice”• Political equality / material inequality• Freedom / consensus
Ideological-rhetorical negotiation
Scholtz Dialogical Model
SPEECHinformational
dimensionsocial
dimension
enacts bonds defines ideologies
enabling dialogue
inhibiting dialogue
04/22/2023 Early Politics 15
Pick a Lens. . .
• Aeschylus Suppliant Women• “… I shall go to advance your cause. May Persuasion and
Fortune Who Brings Success attend me”
• Eupolis Demes• “A certain peitho resided on [Pericles’] lips, …! And he
alone of the orators left a sting in his listeners”
• Protagoras in Plato’s Protagoras• [Hermes:] “ ‘Shall this be the manner in which I am to
distribute justice and reverence among human beings, or shall I give them to all?’ ‘To all,’ said Zeus”
Dahl? Ober? Scholtz?