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Early Early Civilizations in Civilizations in Mesoamerica Mesoamerica Aztecs, Mayans, Incas Aztecs, Mayans, Incas

Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

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Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica. Aztecs, Mayans, Incas. Mayan Civilization. 1546 BC – 1500 AD Flourished between 300-900 AD Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico. Mayan Civilization. Each Mayan city had its own chief ruler Most were peasant farmers. Chac, God of Rain -->. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Early Civilizations in Early Civilizations in MesoamericaMesoamerica

Aztecs, Mayans, IncasAztecs, Mayans, Incas

Page 2: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Mayan CivilizationMayan Civilization 1546 BC – 1500 AD1546 BC – 1500 AD Flourished between 300-900 ADFlourished between 300-900 AD Yucatan Peninsula in MexicoYucatan Peninsula in Mexico

Page 3: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Mayan CivilizationMayan Civilization Each Mayan city had its own chief Each Mayan city had its own chief

rulerruler Most were peasant farmersMost were peasant farmers

Chac, God of Chac, God of Rain -->Rain -->

Page 4: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Tikal - Wall Tikal - Wall Mask of the Mask of the

Rain GodRain God

Mayan Mayan UndergroUndergro

und und GranariesGranaries

Page 5: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Mayan CivilizationMayan Civilization The nobility performed sacred The nobility performed sacred

ceremonies & assisted rulersceremonies & assisted rulers Astronomers measured the sun & Astronomers measured the sun &

moon to predict the futuremoon to predict the future

Chichen-Chichen-Itza - Itza -

ObservatoObservatoryry

Page 6: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Mayan CivilizationMayan Civilization The Maya engaged in frequent wars The Maya engaged in frequent wars

& captured soldiers were sacrificed& captured soldiers were sacrificed They developed a ball game thought They developed a ball game thought

to have a religious significanceto have a religious significance

Page 7: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Mayan CivilizationMayan Civilization Around 9Around 9thth century, Mayan culture century, Mayan culture

experiences great crisisexperiences great crisis – food – food shortage, epidemic, war? shortage, epidemic, war?

Last great city-state is Chichen ItzaLast great city-state is Chichen Itza

Page 8: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Maya Achievements Maya Achievements BuildersBuilders – Cities, palaces, temples – Cities, palaces, temples Math and ScienceMath and Science – Complex – Complex

calender, number system based on 0calender, number system based on 0 Writing SystemWriting System – Hieroglyphics – Hieroglyphics ArtistryArtistry – Colorful murals – Colorful murals

childchild

Page 9: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Aztec CivilizationAztec Civilization 1200-1521, Mexico City1200-1521, Mexico City Grew crops on floating gardens Grew crops on floating gardens

(Chinampas) (Chinampas) Engaged in frequent wars to conquer Engaged in frequent wars to conquer

people in regionpeople in region

Page 10: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Aztec CivilizationAztec Civilization Worshipped many gods, Sun God Worshipped many gods, Sun God

was most importantwas most important Needed human blood “keep burning”Needed human blood “keep burning” Used captured warriors or volunteers Used captured warriors or volunteers

(Volunteers???) (Volunteers???)

Page 11: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Wall of Skulls, TenochtitlanWall of Skulls, Tenochtitlan

Page 12: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Incan CultureIncan Culture 1200-15351200-1535 Andes Mountains in South AmericaAndes Mountains in South America

Page 13: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Incan CultureIncan Culture Lived in high altitudesLived in high altitudes = cold = cold

temperaturestemperatures Grew potatoes & other root cropsGrew potatoes & other root crops Kept llamas and alpacas for woolKept llamas and alpacas for wool

Over 100 Over 100 Different Different Types of Types of PotatoesPotatoes

Page 14: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Incan CultureIncan Culture Built stone roads stretching 10,000 Built stone roads stretching 10,000

milesmiles Never developed writingNever developed writing Quipu: Bundles of knotted ropes to Quipu: Bundles of knotted ropes to

count, keep records, and send count, keep records, and send messagesmessages

Page 15: Early Civilizations in Mesoamerica

Incan CultureIncan Culture Ancient fortress city Machu PicchuAncient fortress city Machu Picchu Blocks weigh 50 tons eachBlocks weigh 50 tons each No cement, but perfect fitNo cement, but perfect fit