Early 19Early 19thth Century: Century:American Culture & IdentityAmerican Culture & Identity

(1790 – 1820)(1790 – 1820)

Cultural NationalismCultural Nationalism- Education

- The “Virtuous Citizen”

- An American form of English

- Noah Webster

Cultural NationalismCultural Nationalism

A well-defined American literature

Washington Irving

The Sketch BookThe Sketch Book, 1819-20, 1819-20“Rip Van Winkle”“Rip Van Winkle”

“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”

American Bible Society

Founded in 1816

American Bible Society

Founded in 1816

Economic Economic NationalismNationalismEconomic Economic

NationalismNationalism- Encourage Creativity &

Inventiveness.

- Support Industrial growth

- Pro-Business

- Subsidies

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791

Whitney’s Gun Factory

Whitney’s Gun Factory

Interchangeable Parts RifleInterchangeable Parts Rifle

Samuel SlaterSamuel Slater

• 1st US industrial mill (1790)• Manufactured cotton• Based on British model

• 1st US industrial mill (1790)• Manufactured cotton• Based on British model

Factory ProductionFactory Production

• “Outwork System”• Factory System

• Boston Associates• Mill Towns• Cheap labor• Mill girls• Lowell, MA

• “Outwork System”• Factory System

• Boston Associates• Mill Towns• Cheap labor• Mill girls• Lowell, MA

Lowell, MassachusettsLowell, Massachusetts

First TurnpikeLancaster, PA (1790)

First TurnpikeLancaster, PA (1790)

By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected By 1832, nearly 2400 mi. of road connected most major cities.most major cities.

Cumberland“National Road,”

1811

Cumberland“National Road,”

1811

Conestoga Covered Wagons

Conestoga Covered Wagons

Conestoga Trail, 1820sConestoga Trail, 1820s

Robert Fulton & the Steamboat (1807)

Robert Fulton & the Steamboat (1807)

- The Nautilus

- The Clermont

“King Cotton”“King Cotton”

Slaves in GeorgiaSlaves in Georgia

• c. 1810• c. 1810

Early Slave RebellionsEarly Slave Rebellions

• Stono Rebellion (1739)• Charleston, SC• “Cato’s Rebellion”• Negro Act of 1740• Illegal education; assembly

• Haitian Revolution (1791 - 1804)• Only successful slave rebellion• Gen. Toussaint L’Overture• Free autonomous, black state• “Inspired” rebellions in US

• Stono Rebellion (1739)• Charleston, SC• “Cato’s Rebellion”• Negro Act of 1740• Illegal education; assembly

• Haitian Revolution (1791 - 1804)• Only successful slave rebellion• Gen. Toussaint L’Overture• Free autonomous, black state• “Inspired” rebellions in US

Early Slave RebellionsEarly Slave Rebellions

• Gabriel Prosser (1800)• Richmond, VA• Skilled blacksmith• Betrayed; hanged• VA passes laws restricting:

– “Hiring Out” – Education, Movement

• Denmark Vesey (1822)• Charleston, SC• Slave Conspiracy• Kill owners; board ships to Haiti• Hysteria??

• Gabriel Prosser (1800)• Richmond, VA• Skilled blacksmith• Betrayed; hanged• VA passes laws restricting:

– “Hiring Out” – Education, Movement

• Denmark Vesey (1822)• Charleston, SC• Slave Conspiracy• Kill owners; board ships to Haiti• Hysteria??