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Barbara Murphy
Ear Training –Harmonic Dictation
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Inthispresentation,youwilllearnthestepstofollowwhentakingharmonicdictation.
Barbara Murphy
Whentakingharmonicdictation,concentrateonvariousaspectsoftheprogression:
• Qualityofthechords• Functionofthechords.• Bassline• Thechordprogression.
Harmonic dictation
Youmightconcentrateontheseaspectsinadifferentorderthanispresentedhere.Thatisokay.Usewhateverorderworksforyou.
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Let’stryanexample.
Barbara Murphy
First,listentotheprogressionafewtimes.Clickonthesoundiconanytimetoheartheprogression.
Key
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
First,decidethekey.Thisprogressionisinmajor.Sincethereisoneflatinthekeysignature,thekeyisFmajor.
Fmajor:
Barbara Murphy
Next,fillinanychordsthatyouknow.Concentrate on determining the beginningandendingchordsandthecadence(ifyoucan).
Beginning and ending
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______Fmajor:
Barbara Murphy
Next,fillinanychordsthatyouknow.Concentrateondeterminingthebeginningandendingchordsandthecadence(ifyoucan).
Beginning and ending
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Fmajor:
Thisprogressionstartsandendsontonic(I).The cadence at the end is an authentic cadencesothe progression ends thechordsV-I.
I _______ _______ _______ _______ V I
Ifyouhavebeenlistening/practicingshortchordprogressions,youmayalreadyknowsomeofthechordsbyrecognizingtheshorterprogressions,butwewillgothroughhowtodeterminethechordsusingtheelementswetalkedaboutearlier(quality,function,bassline,progression).
Barbara Murphy
First,concentrateonthequalitiesofthetriads– aretheymajor,minor,ordiminished?Once you think you have figured them out, clickto see the answers.
Chord quality
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
I _______ _______ _______ _______ V IFmajor:
M m M m M M M
Barbara Murphy
Chord Function
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
I _______ _______ _______ _______ V IFmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
Onceyou think you know the function of each chord, click to check you answer
Next,concentrateonthechordfunction-- pre-dominant(PD),dominant(D),ortonic(T).
Tonicchords I viPre-dominantchords IV iiDominantchords V viio Cadential64
Barbara Murphy
Analysis
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
I _______ _______ _______ _______ V IFmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
Ifyouknowthefunctionandthequalityofthechords,youcansometimesfigureoutwhatthechordsare.
Forexample,inamajorkey,ifyouknowthatachordistonicinfunctionbutisminorinquality,itmustbeavi chord.
Likewise,ifachordispre-dominantinfunctionandmajor,thenitisa IV,butifitisminor itismostlikelya ii.
Barbara Murphy
Analysis
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Fmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
Therefore,ifweknowthequalitiesandfunctionofthechordsbelow,wecansometimesguesstheRomannumeralforthechords.
Trydeterminingthechordsbelowgiventhequalityandfunctionofthechords.Click when you have your answers.
I _______ _______ _______ _______ V II vi IV ii V V I
Barbara Murphy
Bass line
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Nowlistentothebassline.
Knowingthebasslinenoteswillhelpyoutodetermineifanyofthechordsareininversionoriftheyarenotthechordsyouhaveguessed.
Playtheprogressionagainconcentratingonthebassline.Clicktoseethecorrectbassline.
Fmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
I vi IV ii V V I
Barbara Murphy
Bass line
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Nowlistentothebassline.
Knowingthebasslinenoteswillhelpyoutodetermineifanyofthechordsareininversionoriftheyarenotthechordsyouhaveguessed.
Playtheprogressionagainconcentratingonthebassline.Clicktoseethecorrectbassline.
Fmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
I vi IV ii V V I
Barbara Murphy
Bass Line
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Fmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
Inmostcases,thebassnotesandthechordsplayedmatch.Forexample,thesecondchordisavi(minortonicchord)andthesixthscaledegree(D)isinthebass.Therefore,theanalysisisavi(rootposition).
I vi IV ii V V I
However,therearetwochordsweneedtotakeanotherlookat-- thefourthandfifthchords(theiiandthefirstV).
Barbara Murphy
Bass line
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Fmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
We identifiedthe fourth chord as a minor chord with a Pre-dominant functionsoitshouldbeaminorii.
I vi IV ii6 V V I
However,thereisaBbinthebass- whichisthethirdofa iichord.Therefore,thechordmustbeinfirstinversionandshouldbeidentifiedasa ii6.
Barbara Murphy
Bass Line
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Fmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
Finally,let’slookatchord5.ListentotheprogressionagainpayingspecificattentiontothischordandtheVafterit.
I vi IV ii6 V I
Didyouhearthatthesetwochordswerenotthesame?(Listenagainifyoudidnothearthedifference.)
Sincechord5isnotaVchordbuthasadominantfunctionandismajorinquality,itmustbeacadential64chord.
IV
Barbara Murphy
Theory Knowledge
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Fmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
Finally,listenagaintobesureitmatchestheprogressionplayedandthatthe progression makes senseaccording to your theory knowledge.
I vi IV ii6 I V I
From our theory knowledge, we know that tonic chords go to pe-dominant to dominant back to tonic.Thatiswhatwehaveinthisprogression.
Barbara Murphy
Theory Knowledge
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Fmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
I vi IV ii6 I V I
Wealsoknowthatwithinthefunctioncategories,primarychords(I,IVandV)usuallycomebefresecondarychords(vi,ii,andviio).Thatisalsowhathappensinthisprogression.
And,finally,thecadential64chordcomesbeforetheVatthecadence– whichalsohappenshere.
Barbara Murphy
Theory knowledge
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
Fmajor:
M m M m M M M
T T PD PD D D T
I vi IV ii6 I V I
Sincethisprogressionlooksrighttheoreticallyandmatchesthechordswehear,wecanbesurethatthisprogressioniscorrect.
Listenoncemoretobesure.
Barbara Murphy
Themainthingtorememberistouseyourtheoryknowledgealongwithwhatyouheartodeterminethechordsplayed.
Harmonic dictation
Ear Training – Harmonic dictation
NowtrysomeofthemelodicdictationexercisesavailableonMusicTheoryMaterials.utk.edu
Insummary:
Whentakingharmonicdictation,remembertoconcentrateonvariousaspectsoftheprogression:
• Qualityofthechords.• Functionofthechords.• Bassline.• Thechordprogression.
Youcandothesestepsinanyorderyouwantaslongas itworksforyou.
Barbara Murphy
ThispresentationwascreatedbyBarbaraMurphy,Ph.D.
TheUniversityofTennessee,Knoxville
OpeningmusiccomposedbyClaireTerrell
CreativeCommonsAttribution-Non-Commercial-ShareAlike 4.0
InternationalLicense
Ear training – Harmonic dictation