EA and BPM

7/30/2019 EA and BPM

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Enterprise Architecture and

Business Process Modeling

Organizational modeling and EnterpriseArchitecture

Fantahun A.


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CS 752, SDM. Nov. 2012 www.hilcoe.com.et 2

Enterprise Architecture Enterprise architecture (EA) is a way of

translating business vision and strategy intoeffective enterprise change by creating,communicating and improving the keyrequirements, principles and models that

describe the enterprise's envisaged - futurestate and enable its evolution

i.e. EA is an ongoing business function thathelps an enterprise to figure out best waysneeded to execute the strategies that drive itsdevelopment


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Enterprise Architecture The term Enterprise may describe:

Any Public or private sector organization

An entire business or corporation with multiple branches A unit of a larger organization

A corporation of several organizations, such as a joint ventureor partnership

EA includes the complex Socio-technical system: People, Business, Information and Technology

Organizations need to have standardized operating modeland EA: Carries the organizing logic for business processes and IT

reflecting it


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EA Framework (generic)describes the fundamentalorganization and requirements

of the businessbased on business strategy andobjectives.

gives a high level view on thenature of the business interms of products &services offered in the market,the value chain, businesspartners, market channelsutilized

describes the organizationaldesign of the enterprise andthe principal

cooperation with customersand suppliers

classifies and describes allprocesses of the businessand their respective

value adds.

shows the logical

structure of allinformation entities likeproducts,business partners,logistic information etc


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EA Frameworks There are several EA frameworks known,

four are most widely stated TOGAF

Zachman

DoD FEA


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TOGAF - ADMFramework

and principles


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Zachman EA Taxonomy


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Enterprise Architects Is there such a role?

What do they do? What qualification is required?


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Business Processes,

Modeling and Notations

Introduction


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Outline

Business

Business Model Business Process

Business Process Management

Business Process Model

Business Process Model and Notation

(BPMN)


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Relationship between business modeling

and Business Process Modeling

What makes it capable and unique, BPMN,to guarantee end-to-end IT support ofbusiness processes and allow good IT-

business alignment?

Questions for you to answer:


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is a framework for creating economic, social, and/orother forms of value to a business

represents core aspects of a business, includingpurpose, offerings, strategies, infrastructure,organizational structures, trading practices, and

operational processes and policies

is the method of doing business by which a companycan sustain itself; i.e, generate revenue

is created after conducting a survey - which is part ofthe business analysis process

Business Model


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Is a collection of related, structured activities ortasks that produce a specific service or product

(serve a particular goal) for a particular customeror customers

There are three main types Management processes

Operational processes

Supporting processes

* The claim is that quality processes (with quality inputs) arerequired to guarantee quality results

Business Process


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is a field of management focused on aligningorganizations with the wants and needs of clients

It is a holistic management approach - striving forinnovation, flexibility and integration with technology

business process management attempts tocontinuously improve processes

process optimization is the process to define, measureand improve your processes

Business Process Management


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Business Process Modeling (BPM)

is an activity of representing processes of anenterprise

So that the current process may beanalyzed and improved in the future

is typically performed by business analysts

and managers who are seeking to improveprocess efficiency and quality

The process improvements identified by BPMmay or may not require InformationTechnology involvement


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A Business Process Model diagram is a tool, a means toan end, not a performance outcome in its own right.

The final output is improvement in the way that thebusiness process works

The focus of the improvements is on 'value added'actions that make the customer service and experiencebetter, and on reducing wasted time and effort

There are two main types of Business Process Models:

the 'as is' or baseline model (the current situation)

and the 'to be' model (the intended new situation)

Business Process Modeling (BPM)


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The need for modeling business processesTo design new business processes Focus on business goals, KPIs, customer needs, and

business partner expectations.

To model existing business

processes

Assure the right flow of activities.

Identify normal flows and possible exceptional flows.

Identify inputs and outputs of activities.

Identify key documents and sources.

Identify business rules.

To restructure existing business

processes

Focus on the activities and their added value.

Focus on lines of business and their relations.

Model responsibilities and roles.

To help in the development of end-

to-end IT support for business

processes

Detailed modeling of process flow.

Detailed modeling of data, documents, business objects,

and interfaces.

Detailed exception handling.


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Team that take part in process modelingRoles Responsibilities

Line of Business Expert Good in depth knowledge of the process

Process owner Responsible for the overall execution of the

process, approves process modifications.

Moderator Responsible for the meeting, for asking

questions for leading the discussion into the

right direction.

Modeling expert Responsible for design the process model

(during and after the meeting).

QA owner Responsible for the alignment of processes in

aspect of total quality management.


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Approaches to Business Process ModelingApproach Problems with the approach

Top-Down We start with the process

architecture.

First we identify the major process

activities and their flows. Then we

model each activity into more detail.

High level process modeling requires

good knowledge about the process and

some experience. Modeling lower

levels can reveal inconsistencies on

higher levels

Bottom-UP We start with the identification of

activities. We model sub processes

and business transactions and

merge them into processes.

We get lost in the details.

Getting overview of processes and

their relations can become very

difficult.We can focus on too many details.

Inside-Out We start with core processes. We

expand them with adding support

processes around core processes.

It can be difficult to identify core

processes and how to progress into the

right direction.


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In Business Process Management:

Business Process Modeling is a quality management tool,and is useful especially in change management.HOW?

SWOT Analysis, Balanced Scorecard and ProjectManagement methods provide further examples of changemanagement tools, and Business Process Modeling can beregarded as working alongside these methods


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Provide business users with the ability to modeltheir business processes, implement and execute

those models, and refine the models

Provide transparency into business processes, aswell as the centralization of corporate business

process models and execution metrics BPM Diagrams

Use case diagrams Jacobson 1992

Activity diagrams incorporated to UML BPMN OMG

Business Process Modeling Tools


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Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN)

Cognition enhanced Natural language InformationAnalysis Method (CogNIAM)

Extended Business Modeling Language (xBML)

Event-driven process Chain (EPC)

Unified Modeling Language (UML), extensions forbusiness process such as Eriksson-Penker's

Some business process modeling techniques


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BPM suite software provides programming

interfaces (web services, application programinterfaces (APIs))

Programming languages that are beingintroduced for BPM include

Architecture of Integrated Information Systems(ARIS)

Business Process Execution Language (BPEL)

Web Services Choreography Description Language(WS-CDL). [now in BPEL4WS]

XML Process Definition Language (XPDL)

Programming language tools for BPM


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A reference model is a model of

something that embodies its basic goalor idea and can then be looked at as areference for various purposes

BRM is a reference model, concentratingon the functional and organizational

aspects of an enterprise independent of the organizational structure

that perform them

Business Reference Model (BRM)


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Business Model Integration


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Is an approach aiming at improvements bymeans of elevating efficiency and effectiveness

of processes look at their business processes from a "clean

slate" perspective

determine how they can best construct theseprocesses to improve how they conduct business

A key stimulus for reengineering has been thecontinuing development and deployment ofsophisticated information systems and networks

Business Process Reengineering


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At home!

Compare and contrast BPM and BPR

Study business process elements

BPMN2.0 spec

Compare and contrast UML Activity

Diagram and BPMN 2.0 for businessprocess modeling

Documents

EA and BPM