ENERGY, HEAT, AND WIND!

ENERGY FROM THE SUNThe sun’s energy comes to earth in the form of electromagnetic waves

Mostly Visible light and Infrared radiation

ENERGY IN THE ATMOSPHERESome of the suns rays are

reflected back into spaceThis causes Scattering

Some energy is absorbed by the atmosphereWater vapor and Carbon

dioxide absorb Infrared radiation

Ozone absorbs ultraviolet radiation

ENERGY AT EARTH’S SURFACESome of the energy from the sun

reaches Earth’s surface and id reflected back into the atmosphere

When Earth’s surface is heated, it radiates some of the energy back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation

When gases hold the heat from the sun it is called the greenhouse effect

HEAT TRANSFER:REVISTITED Conduction Convection Radiation See page 535

WHAT IS WIND?A wind is the horizontal movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

All winds are caused by differences in air pressure

HOW DO WE MEASURE WIND?Wind Vane: Instrument that measures wind direction

Anemometer: Instrument that measures wind speed

WHAT IN THE WORLD IS A “WIND-CHILL FACTOR”Wind blowing over your skin removes body heat, so the stronger the wind the colder you feel. The increased cooling you feel is called the wind-chill factor.

WHAT ARE LOCAL WINDS?These are

winds that blow over a short distance. They are caused by unequal heating of Earth’s surface with in a small area.

WHAT ARE LAND AND SEA BREEZES?

WHAT ARE GLOBAL WINDS?They are winds that blow steadily from specific direction over long distances. They are created by unequal heating of Earth’s surface.

WHAT ARE GLOBAL CONVECTION CURRENTS?Caused by temperature differences between the poles and the equator

Warm air rises at the equator and sinks at the poles, causing the air pressure to be lower at the equator then at the poles

This difference causes the air to blow from the poles to the equator at Earth’s surface causing global winds

WHAT IS THE CORIOLIS EFFECT?The Earth west to east rotation

caused the winds to to curveNorthern hemisphere = rightSouthern Hemisphere= left

WHAT ARE GLOBAL WIND BELTS?